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PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET  
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET

6. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property, plant and equipment, net consist of the following:

At December 31,

At December 31,

    

2018

    

2019

$

$

Buildings

 

441,975

 

453,712

Leasehold improvements

 

13,058

 

14,225

Machinery

 

785,874

 

1,074,460

Furniture, fixtures and equipment

 

64,135

 

64,117

Motor vehicles

 

6,100

 

6,351

Land

18,810

20,451

 

1,329,952

 

1,633,316

Accumulated depreciation

 

(489,927)

 

(598,297)

Impairment

(30,503)

 

(45,437)

Subtotal

 

809,522

 

989,582

Construction in process

 

75,464

 

56,453

Property, plant and equipment, net

 

884,986

 

1,046,035

Depreciation expense of property, plant and equipment was $88,931, $120,834 and $148,034 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. Construction in process primarily represents production facilities under construction and the machinery under installation.