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INCOME TAXES - Provision for income taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021
Income (loss) before income taxes |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliates | $ 408,525 | $ 356,468 | $ 138,464
Current tax |  |  |
Current tax expense (benefit) | 75,050 | 57,269 | 103,081
Deferred tax |  |  |
Deferred tax expense (benefit) | (15,549) | 16,084 | (67,237)
Total income tax expense |  |  |
Total income tax expense (benefit) | 59,501 | 73,353 | 35,844
Canada |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliates | (61,704) | (19,357) | 6,237
Current tax |  |  |
Current tax expense (benefit) | 1,944 | (16,707) | (1,124)
Deferred tax |  |  |
Deferred tax expense (benefit) | 2,048 | 10,629 | 685
Total income tax expense |  |  |
Total income tax expense (benefit) | 3,992 | (6,078) | (439)
United States |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliates | (49,536) | 22,275 | 66,432
Current tax |  |  |
Current tax expense (benefit) | 12,570 | (1,684) | 15,937
Deferred tax |  |  |
Deferred tax expense (benefit) | (4,176) | 1,996 | (1,604)
Total income tax expense |  |  |
Total income tax expense (benefit) | 8,394 | 312 | 14,333
PRC |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliates | 230,768 | 193,705 | (35,943)
Current tax |  |  |
Current tax expense (benefit) | 55,780 | 47,528 | 47,356
Deferred tax |  |  |
Deferred tax expense (benefit) | (724) | 500 | (65,017)
Total income tax expense |  |  |
Total income tax expense (benefit) | 55,056 | 48,028 | (17,661)
Japan |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliates | 5,026 | 1,179 | 51,910
Current tax |  |  |
Current tax expense (benefit) | 4,104 | 3,054 | 24,047
Deferred tax |  |  |
Deferred tax expense (benefit) | 2,008 | (173) | (353)
Total income tax expense |  |  |
Total income tax expense (benefit) | 6,112 | 2,881 | 23,694
Singapore |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliates | 153,437 | 69,424 | (7,728)
Current tax |  |  |
Current tax expense (benefit) | 475 | 872 | 617
Deferred tax |  |  |
Deferred tax expense (benefit) |  | 231 |
Total income tax expense |  |  |
Total income tax expense (benefit) | 475 | 1,103 | 617
Brazil |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliates | (44,663) | 32,052 | 14,448
Current tax |  |  |
Current tax expense (benefit) | (7,518) | 5,023 | 6,151
Deferred tax |  |  |
Deferred tax expense (benefit) | (25,657) | 5,546 | 1,244
Total income tax expense |  |  |
Total income tax expense (benefit) | (33,175) | 10,569 | 7,395
Thailand |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliates | 162,303 | 17,155 | (15,562)
Other |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes |  |  |
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliates | 12,894 | 40,035 | 58,670
Current tax |  |  |
Current tax expense (benefit) | 7,695 | 19,183 | 10,097
Deferred tax |  |  |
Deferred tax expense (benefit) | 10,952 | (2,645) | (2,192)
Total income tax expense |  |  |
Total income tax expense (benefit) | $ 18,647 | $ 16,538 | $ 7,905

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