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BORROWINGS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
BORROWINGS  
Schedule of bank borrowings

At December 31, 

At December 31, 

    

2022

    

2023

$

$

Short-term borrowings related to project assets (1)

 

333,521

291,982

Other short-term borrowings

1,110,295

1,513,216

Subtotal for short-term borrowings

1,443,816

1,805,198

Long-term borrowings related to project assets

318,987

450,455

Other long-term borrowings

494,419

815,510

Subtotal for long-term borrowings

 

813,406

1,265,965

Total

2,257,222

3,071,163

(1)Includes long-term borrowings that were classified as current liabilities because these borrowings are associated with certain solar power and battery energy storage assets that are expected to be sold within one year.
Schedule of future principal repayments on the long-term borrowings

2024

    

$

1,805,198

2025

 

551,022

2026

 

355,269

2027

84,689

2028

 

49,252

Thereafter

225,733

Total

 

$

3,071,163

Schedule of weighted average effective interest rates on borrowings

    

At December 31, 

    

At December 31, 

 

2022

2023

 

Short-term borrowings

 

5.3

%

3.8

%

Long-term borrowings

 

4.1

%

6.7

%

Schedule of interest incurred

Years Ended December 31,

    

2021

    

2022

    

2023

$

$

$

Interest capitalized — project assets

 

17,316

26,439

27,676

Interest capitalized — solar power systems

18,666

33,097

Interest capitalized — property, plant and equipment

 

963

Interest expense

 

58,153

74,266

114,099

Total interest incurred

 

75,469

119,371

175,835