8. Intangible Assets

Intangible assets at September 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012 consisted of the following:

			September 30, 2013							September 30, 2012

	Useful Life (in years)		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
	(dollars in thousands)
Contract intangibles		5 - 7	$	37,236	$	(16,696	)	$	20,540	$	33,300	$	(7,266	)	$	26,034
Brand and technology		3 - 5		5,965		(1,666	)		4,299		6,325		(1,023	)		5,302
Covenants not to compete		3 - 5		4,440		(1,439	)		3,001		4,400		(1,770	)		2,630
Patent and trademarks		3 - 10		509		(144	)		365		374		(136	)		238

Total intangible assets, net								$	28,205						$	34,204

Future expected amortization of intangible assets at September 30, 2013 was as follows:

Years ending September 30,	Amortization

	(in thousands)
2014	$	11,143
2015		9,367
2016		6,281
2017		1,265
2018 and after		149

Total	$	28,205

Amortization expense related to intangible assets for the years ended September 30, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $11,678,000, $9,451,000, and $1,514,000, respectively.