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Equity Transactions (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
Summary of share-based compensation expense The table below presents the components of share-based compensation expense (in thousands):
Year Ended September 30,
202120202019
Equity-classified awards:
Stock options$3,117 $2,054 $1,530 
RSUs & RSAs2,977 3,635 4,496 
Liability-classified awards:
SARs$853 $(29)$482 
Total stock compensation expense:$6,947 $5,660 $6,508 
Summary of stock option activity
The table below presents stock option activity (aggregate intrinsic value in thousands):
Stock OptionsWeighted-
Average
Exercise Price
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual Term (years)
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of September 30, 20203,075,914 $8.54 6.16$2,841 
Granted1,108,273 $10.60 $— 
Exercised(1,033,529)$6.59 $15,036 
Forfeited(272,720)$7.82 $2,547 
Expired(33,653)$15.35 $108 
Outstanding as of September 30, 20212,844,285 $10.04 6.14$34,877 
Vested and expected to vest as of September 30, 20212,810,202 $9.94 6.10$34,775 
Exercisable as of September 30, 20211,477,408 $10.37 4.24$18,589 
Summary of fair value assumptions, stock options
The range of assumptions used to determine the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model during the years ended September 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

Year ended September 30
202120202019
Dividend yield
Expected volatility
51.0% - 55.9%
46.5% - 51.0%
47.8% - 53.7%
Risk-free interest rate
0.4% - 0.8%
0.5% - 1.5%
1.9% - 2.8%
Expected term
4.6- 7.6 years
 4.6 - 7.4 years
4.2 - 7.1 years
Summary of RSU and RSA Activity
The table below presents RSU & RSA activity (aggregate fair value in thousands):
RSU & RSAWeighted-
Average
Grant Date Fair Value
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual Term (years)
Aggregate Fair Value
Outstanding as of September 30, 20201,545,285 $6.84 1.85$11,528 
Granted330,545 $14.08 $4,653 
Vested(811,773)$6.78 $13,780 
Forfeited(146,676)$8.98 $2,688 
Outstanding as of September 30, 2021917,381 $9.15 1.98$19,825 
Expected to vest as of September 30, 2021666,092 $10.17 2.35$14,394 
Summary of stock appreciation right activity
The table below presents SAR award activity (aggregate intrinsic value in thousands):

SARsWeighted-
Average
Exercise Price
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual Term (years)
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of September 30, 2020160,810 $8.45 1.00$96 
Exercised(45,084)$8.45 $443 
Forfeited(73,681)$9.80 $213 
Outstanding as of September 30, 202142,045 $6.11 1.26$652 
Vested and expected to vest as of September 30, 202142,045 $6.11 1.26$652 
Exercisable as of September 30, 202112,045 $6.11 1.26$187 
Summary of fair value assumptions, stock appreciation rights The range of assumptions used to determine the fair value of outstanding SARs as of September 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
Year ended September 30
202120202019
Dividend yield
Expected volatility
78.3% - 78.3%
55.0% - 68.8%
38.2% - 48.8%
Risk-free interest rate
0.1% - 0.1%
0.1% - 0.1%
1.3% - 1.7%
Expected term
1.3-1.3 years
0.0-2.3 years
0.1-3.3 years
Summary of fair value assumptions
The fair value of stock options, RSUs and SARs containing market conditions is estimated using Monte Carlo simulations. The range of assumptions used to determine the fair value of these awards during the years ended September 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
Year ended September 30
202120202019
Dividend yield
Expected volatility
51.6% - 54.6%
45.2% - 54.9%
45.5% - 55.0%
Risk-free interest rate
0.3% - 0.9%
0.1% - 1.7%
1.5% - 2.9%
Expected holding period (% of remaining term)
31.7% - 100.0%
30.7% - 100.0%
25.9% - 100.0%