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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2024

OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 0-51813

LIQUIDITY SERVICES, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware | 52-2209244
(State or Other Jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or Organization) | Identification No.)
6931 Arlington Road, Suite 460, Bethesda, MD | 20814
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code)

(202) 467-6868

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, If Changed Since Last Report)

Securities registered to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value | LQDT | Nasdaq

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐ |  |  | Accelerated filer ☒ |
Non-accelerated filer ☐ |  |  | Smaller reporting company ☐ |
|  |  | Emerging growth company ☐ |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares outstanding of the issuer’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, as of February 3, 2025, was 31,039,308.

INDEX
|  | Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income | 5
| Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity | 6
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 7
| Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 8
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 18
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 27
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 27
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 28
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 28
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 28
Item 5. | Other Information | 29
Item 6. | Exhibits | 30
SIGNATURES |  | 31

2

PART I—FINAN CIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financia l Statements (Unaudited)

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Cons olidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Par Value)

|  | December 31, 2024 |  |  | September 30, 2024 |
|  | (Unaudited) |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 128,700 |  |  | $ | 153,226 |
Short-term investments |  |  | 10,445 |  |  |  | 2,310 |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,692 and $1,680 |  |  | 23,070 |  |  |  | 11,467 |
Inventory, net |  |  | 13,742 |  |  |  | 17,099 |
Prepaid taxes and tax refund receivable |  |  | 1,672 |  |  |  | 1,519 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  |  | 11,121 |  |  |  | 13,614 |
Total current assets |  |  | 188,750 |  |  |  | 199,235 |
Property and equipment, net |  |  | 18,003 |  |  |  | 17,961 |
Operating lease assets |  |  | 11,352 |  |  |  | 12,005 |
Intangible assets, net |  |  | 13,107 |  |  |  | 13,912 |
Goodwill |  |  | 97,401 |  |  |  | 97,792 |
Deferred tax assets |  |  | 227 |  |  |  | 1,728 |
Other assets |  |  | 4,366 |  |  |  | 4,255 |
Total assets |  | $ | 333,206 |  |  | $ | 346,888 |
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 45,572 |  |  | $ | 58,693 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |  |  | 22,757 |  |  |  | 28,261 |
Current portion of operating lease liabilities |  |  | 5,121 |  |  |  | 5,185 |
Deferred revenue |  |  | 4,440 |  |  |  | 4,788 |
Payables to sellers |  |  | 57,610 |  |  |  | 58,226 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 135,500 |  |  |  | 155,153 |
Operating lease liabilities |  |  | 8,242 |  |  |  | 9,060 |
Other long-term liabilities |  |  | 303 |  |  |  | 115 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 144,045 |  |  |  | 164,328 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13) |  |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 120,000,000 shares authorized; 36,793,603 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2024; 36,707,840 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2024 |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | 37 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 278,452 |  |  |  | 275,771 |
Treasury stock, at cost; 6,016,078 shares at December 31, 2024, and 6,015,496 shares at September 30, 2024 |  |  | (93,873 | ) |  |  | (93,854 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  |  | (11,298 | ) |  |  | (9,427 | )
Retained earnings |  |  | 15,843 |  |  |  | 10,033 |
Total stockholders’ equity |  |  | 189,161 |  |  |  | 182,560 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  | $ | 333,206 |  |  | $ | 346,888 |

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolida ted Statements of Operations

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Data)

|  | Three Months Ended December 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Purchase revenues |  | $ | 82,815 |  |  | $ | 36,225 |
Consignment and other fee revenues |  |  | 39,516 |  |  |  | 35,100 |
Total revenue |  |  | 122,331 |  |  |  | 71,325 |
Costs and expenses from operations: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of goods sold (excludes depreciation and amortization) |  |  | 72,164 |  |  |  | 31,526 |
Technology and operations |  |  | 17,407 |  |  |  | 14,238 |
Sales and marketing |  |  | 14,774 |  |  |  | 12,980 |
General and administrative |  |  | 8,267 |  |  |  | 7,585 |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 2,516 |  |  |  | 2,904 |
Other operating expenses, net |  |  | 116 |  |  |  | 445 |
Total costs and expenses |  |  | 115,244 |  |  |  | 69,678 |
Income from operations |  |  | 7,087 |  |  |  | 1,647 |
Interest and other income, net |  |  | (1,103 | ) |  |  | (1,141 | )
Income before provision for income taxes |  |  | 8,190 |  |  |  | 2,788 |
Provision for income taxes |  |  | 2,380 |  |  |  | 881 |
Net income |  | $ | 5,810 |  |  | $ | 1,907 |
Basic income per common share |  | $ | 0.19 |  |  | $ | 0.06 |
Diluted income per common share |  | $ | 0.18 |  |  | $ | 0.06 |
Basic weighted average shares outstanding |  |  | 30,642,438 |  |  |  | 30,605,475 |
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding |  |  | 32,204,055 |  |  |  | 31,938,342 |

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statemen ts of Comprehensive Income

(Dollars in Thousands)

|  | Three Months Ended December 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Net income |  | $ | 5,810 |  |  | $ | 1,907 |
Other comprehensive (loss) income: |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation |  | $ | (1,871 | ) |  |  | 958 |
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of taxes |  |  | (1,871 | ) |  |  | 958 |
Comprehensive income |  | $ | 3,939 |  |  | $ | 2,865 |

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity

(Dollars In Thousands)

|  |  |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  | Accumulated Other |  |  |  |  |
| Common Stock |  | Paid-in |  | Treasury Stock |  | Comprehensive |  | Retained |  |  |
| Shares |  | Amount |  | Capital |  | Shares |  | Amount |  | Loss |  | Earnings |  | Total |
Balance at September 30, 2024 |  | 36,707,840 |  | $ | 37 |  | $ | 275,771 |  |  | (6,015,496 | ) | $ | (93,854 | ) | $ | (9,427 | ) | $ | 10,033 |  | $ | 182,560 |
Net Income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,810 |  |  | 5,810 |
Exercise of common stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units |  | 138,838 |  |  | — |  |  | 114 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 114 |
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards |  | (30,575 | ) |  | — |  |  | (883 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (883 | )
Forfeitures of restricted stock awards |  | (22,500 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Shares swapped to exercise stock options |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19 |  |  | (582 | ) |  | (19 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Stock compensation expense |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,431 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,431 |
Foreign currency translation |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,871 | ) |  | — |  |  | (1,871 | )
Balance at December 31, 2024 |  | 36,793,603 |  | $ | 37 |  | $ | 278,452 |  |  | (6,016,078 | ) | $ | (93,873 | ) | $ | (11,298 | ) | $ | 15,843 |  | $ | 189,161 |

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consol idated Statements of Cash Flows

(Dollars In Thousands)

|  | Three Months Ended December 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Operating activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 5,810 |  |  | $ | 1,907 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 2,516 |  |  |  | 2,904 |
Stock compensation expense |  |  | 3,431 |  |  |  | 2,249 |
Inventory adjustment to net realizable value |  |  | 32 |  |  |  | — |
Provision for doubtful accounts |  |  | 33 |  |  |  | 101 |
Deferred tax expense |  |  | 1,501 |  |  |  | 612 |
Gain on disposal of property and equipment |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  | (14 | )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable |  |  | (11,747 | ) |  |  | 64 |
Inventory |  |  | (3,151 | ) |  |  | (3,266 | )
Prepaid taxes and tax refund receivable |  |  | (153 | ) |  |  | 358 |
Prepaid expenses and other assets |  |  | 2,189 |  |  |  | 40 |
Operating lease assets and liabilities |  |  | (246 | ) |  |  | (10 | )
Accounts payable |  |  | (6,638 | ) |  |  | (6,757 | )
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |  |  | (5,206 | ) |  |  | (6,422 | )
Deferred revenue |  |  | (348 | ) |  |  | (227 | )
Payables to sellers |  |  | (155 | ) |  |  | (412 | )
Net cash used in operating activities |  |  | (12,140 | ) |  |  | (8,873 | )
Investing activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchases of property and equipment, including capitalized software |  |  | (1,818 | ) |  |  | (1,731 | )
Purchase of short-term investments |  |  | (10,671 | ) |  |  | (2,369 | )
Maturities of short-term investments |  |  | 2,086 |  |  |  | 1,986 |
Other investing activities, net |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | 31 |
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (10,408 | ) |  |  | (2,083 | )
Financing activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock repurchases |  |  | (79 | ) |  |  | (1,168 | )
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards |  |  | (883 | ) |  |  | (225 | )
Payments of the principal portion of finance lease liabilities |  |  | (24 | ) |  |  | (26 | )
Proceeds from exercise of stock options, net of tax |  |  | 114 |  |  |  | 127 |
Net cash used in financing activities |  |  | (872 | ) |  |  | (1,292 | )
Effect of exchange rate differences on cash and cash equivalents |  |  | (1,106 | ) |  |  | 524 |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |  |  | (24,526 | ) |  |  | (11,724 | )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |  |  | 153,226 |  |  |  | 110,281 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |  | $ | 128,700 |  |  | $ | 98,557 |
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash paid (received) for income taxes, net |  | $ | 692 |  |  | $ | (117 | )
Non-cash: Common stock surrendered in the exercise of stock options |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | — |

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Conden sed Consolidated Financial Statements

1.
Organization

Liquidity Services, Inc. (Liquidity Services, the Company) is a leading global commerce company providing trusted online marketplace platforms that power the circular economy. We create a better future for organizations, individuals, and the planet by using technology to capture and unleash the intrinsic value of surplus. We connect millions of buyers and thousands of sellers through our leading e-commerce auction marketplaces, search engines, asset management software, and related services. Our comprehensive solutions enable the transparent, efficient, sustainable recovery of value from excess items owned by business and government sellers.

Our business delivers value to shareholders by unleashing the intrinsic value of surplus through our online marketplace platforms. These platforms ignite and enable a self-reinforcing cycle of value creation where buyers and sellers attract one another in greater numbers. The result of this cycle is a continuous flow of goods that becomes increasingly valuable as more participants join the platforms, thereby creating positive network effects that benefit sellers, buyers, and shareholders.

Liquidity Services was incorporated in Delaware in November 1999 as Liquidation.com, Inc. and commenced operations in early 2000.

Reportable Segments

The Company has four operating and reportable segments under which we conduct business: GovDeals, Retail Supply Chain Group (RSCG), Capital Assets Group (CAG), and Machinio. Further information and operating results of our reportable segments can be found in Note 14 - Segment Information.

•
GovDeals. The GovDeals reportable segment provides solutions that enable government entities including city, county, state and federal agencies located in the United States and Canada and related commercial businesses to sell surplus property and real estate assets through its GovDeals, Bid4Assets and Sierra marketplaces; see Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition.
•
RSCG. The RSCG reportable segment consists of marketplaces that enable corporations located in the United States and Canada to sell excess, returned, and overstocked consumer goods. RSCG also offers a suite of services that includes returns management, asset recovery, and e-commerce solutions. This segment uses multiple selling channels across our network of marketplaces and others to optimize the best combination of velocity, volume, and value. This segment primarily conducts its business-to-business sales on its Liquidation.com marketplace and through Direct Sales, and direct-to-consumer sales on its AllSurplus Deals and Secondipity marketplaces and other third-party sales channels.
•
CAG. The CAG reportable segment enables commercial businesses to sell surplus assets on our AllSurplus marketplace. The core verticals in which CAG operates include industrial manufacturing, oil and gas, heavy equipment, biopharma, and electronics. CAG also offers a suite of services that includes surplus management, asset valuation, asset sales and marketing. CAG benefits from a global base of buyers and sellers enabling the sale and redeployment of assets wherever they’re most likely to generate the best value and highest use across the world. This segment primarily uses the AllSurplus and GovDeals marketplaces.
•
Machinio. The Machinio reportable segment operates a global search engine platform for listing equipment for sale in the construction, machine tool, processing, transportation, printing, agriculture, and laboratory/medical sectors. Machinio also offers the Machinio System service that provides equipment sellers with a suite of software tools that includes website hosting, email marketing, and inventory management, to support and enable equipment sellers’ online business.

The Company's operations are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, many of which are associated with technology-oriented companies, including, but not limited to, the Company's dependence on use of the Internet; the effect of general business and economic trends including inflationary pressures and impacts from interest rate changes; ongoing international armed and geopolitical conflicts; the Company's susceptibility to rapid technological change; actual and potential competition by entities with greater financial and other resources; and the potential for the commercial sellers from which the Company derives a significant portion of its inventory to change the way they conduct their disposition of surplus assets or to otherwise terminate or not renew their contracts with the Company.

2.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Unaudited Interim Financial Information

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In management's opinion, all adjustments, consisting of normal, recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included, and intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in conso lidation. The information disclosed in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements for these periods is unaudited. Operating results for the three months ended December 31, 2024, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending September 30, 2025, or for any future period.

8

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. For the three months ended December 31, 2024, these estimates required the Company to make assumptions about the impact of ongoing international armed and geopolitical conflicts, and other disruptions to macroeconomic conditions and, in turn, the Company's results of operations. The Company will continue to update its assumptions as conditions change. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

Contract assets reflect an estimate of expenses that will be reimbursed upon settlement with a seller. The contract asset balance was $1.6 million as of December 31, 2024, and $1.5 million as of September 30, 2024, and is included in the line-item Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Contract liabilities reflect obligations to provide services for which the Company has already received consideration, and generally arise from up-front payments received in connection with Machinio's subscription services. The contract liability balance was $4.4 million as of December 31, 2024, and $4.8 million as of September 30, 2024, and is included in the line-item Deferred revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Of the September 30, 2024 contract liability balance, $2.4 million was earned as other fee revenue during the three months ended December 31, 2024.

For the Company's Machinio segment, the performance obligation has been identified as the stand ready obligation to provide access to the Machinio subscription services, which it satisfies over time and recognizes as other fee revenues in the line-item Consignment and other fee revenues on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of December 31, 2024, the Machinio segment had a remaining performance obligation of $4.4 million; the Company expects to recognize the substantial majority of that amount as other fee revenues over the next 12 months.

Contract Costs

Contract costs relate to sales commissions paid on subscription contracts that are capitalized within our Machinio segment. Contract costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected life of the customer contract. The contract cost balance was $2.2 million as of December 31, 2024, and $2.3 million as of September 30, 2024, and is included in the line-item Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and Other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization expense was $0.4 million and $0.4 million during the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Risk Associated with Certain Concentrations

For the majority of buyers that receive goods before payment to the Company is made, credit evaluations are performed; however, for the remaining buyers, goods are not shipped before payment is made, and as a result the Company is not subject to significant collection risk from those buyers.

For consignment sales transactions, funds are typically collected from buyers and are held by the Company on the sellers' behalf. The funds are included in Cash and cash equivalents on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company releases the funds to the seller, less the Company's commission and other fees due, through Accounts payable after the buyer has accepted the goods or within 30 days, depending on the state where the buyer and seller conduct business.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash in banks within non-interest bearing, interest-bearing, and earnings allowance checking accounts, as well as cash equivalent money market funds, all of which exceed the applicable U.S. federal (FDIC and/or SIPC) and local jurisdiction (foreign banking institutions) insurance limits, and Accounts receivable.

The Company deposits its cash in interest bearing checking accounts, acquires cash equivalent money market funds, and holds short-term investments designated as held-to-maturity investment securities, each with financial institutions that the Company considers to be of high credit quality. Management continually monitors the financial institutions with whom we conduct business and responds appropriately, when necessary, to manage potential risk exposure to our cash balances above the insurance limits.

The Company has multiple vendor contracts with Amazon.com, Inc. under which it acquires and sell commercial merchandise. While purchase model transactions account for less than 25% of our total Gross Merchandise Volume (GMV), the cost of inventory for purchase model transactions is the most significant component of our consolidated Costs of goods sold. $8.4 million and $12.2 million of inventory purchased under such contracts with Amazon.com, Inc. is included in the line-item Inventory on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024, and September 30, 2024, respectively. The Company's vendor contracts with respect to sourcing or consigning merchandise for its RSCG segment generally reflect the concentration dynamics inherent to the retail industry.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

9

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. It will require organizations to provide enhanced disclosures primarily regarding significant segment expenses. The guidance will be effective for the Company beginning with its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025. The guidance is required to be applied on a retrospective basis, with all such required disclosures to be made with regard to all fiscal years presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this ASU may have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU will require organizations to disclose specific categories in their tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The guidance will be effective for the Company beginning with its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026. The guidance is required to be applied on a prospective basis; however, retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this ASU may have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. This ASU will require organizations to disaggregate certain expense captions an entity presents on the face of the income statement into specific categories in disclosures within the footnotes to the financial statements. This guidance will be effective for the Company beginning with its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2028. The guidance is required to be applied on a prospective basis; however, retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this ASU may have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

3.
Sierra Acquisition

On January 1, 2024, the Company acquired all the issued and outstanding equity securities associated with Sierra Auction Management, Inc. (Sierra), a full-service auction company specializing in the sale of vehicles, equipment and surplus assets for government agencies, commercial businesses, and charities. Total purchase consideration was approximately $13.7 million paid in cash.

In connection with its acquisition of Sierra, the Company recorded the fair value of acquired supplier relationships and trade name assets for $5.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, and goodwill of $7.9 million. The supplier relationships and trade name shall be amortized on a straight-line basis over a useful life of six and three years, respectively. The total goodwill arising from the acquisition is included in the GovDeals reportable segment and is deductible for tax purposes.

Sierra's financial results are reported within the GovDeals reportable segment. Revenue, net income (loss), and pro forma information related to the Sierra acquisition was immaterial to the condensed consolidated financial statements and its related notes for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.

4.
Earnings per Share

The Company calculates basic EPS by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period, excluding unvested restricted stock awards.

The Company calculates diluted EPS by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the reporting period using the treasury stock method.

The Company's potentially dilutive common shares include stock options, restricted stock units, and restricted stock awards. For such awards that have performance- or market-conditions, they are considered dilutive only when those performance- or market-conditions have been satisfied as of the reporting date; however, in periods of a net loss, the Company's diluted EPS will equal its basic EPS, as all its potential common shares are anti-dilutive in that case. In periods of net income, the calculation of diluted net income per share will exclude all anti-dilutive common shares.

The computation of basic and diluted net income per share is as follows:

|  | Three months ended December 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 5,810 |  |  | $ | 1,907 |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic weighted average shares outstanding |  |  | 30,642,438 |  |  |  | 30,605,475 |
Dilutive impact of stock options, RSUs and RSAs |  |  | 1,561,617 |  |  |  | 1,332,867 |
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding |  |  | 32,204,055 |  |  |  | 31,938,342 |
Basic income per common share |  | $ | 0.19 |  |  | $ | 0.06 |
Diluted income per common share |  | $ | 0.18 |  |  | $ | 0.06 |
Stock options, RSUs and RSAs excluded from income per diluted share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive |  |  | 853,690 |  |  |  | 1,977,805 |

10

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

5.
Leases

The Company has operating leases for its corporate offices, warehouses, vehicles, and equipment.

The operating leases have remaining terms of up to 4.4 years. Some of the leases have options to extend or terminate the leases. The exercise of such options is generally at the Company’s discretion. The lease agreements do not contain any significant residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants. The Company also subleases excess corporate office space. The Company's finance leases and related balances are not significant.

The components of lease expense are:

| Three Months Ended December 31, |
| 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Finance lease – lease asset amortization | $ | 14 |  |  | $ | 20 |
Finance lease – interest on lease liabilities |  | 4 |  |  |  | 3 |
Operating lease cost |  | 1,456 |  |  |  | 1,293 |
Short-term lease cost |  | 69 |  |  |  | 39 |
Variable lease cost (1) |  | 260 |  |  |  | 323 |
Sublease income |  | — |  |  |  | (3 | )
Total net lease cost | $ | 1,803 |  |  | $ | 1,675 |

(1)
Variable lease costs primarily relate to the Company's election to combine non-lease components such as common area maintenance, insurance and taxes related to its real estate leases. To a lesser extent, the Company's equipment leases have variable costs associated with usage and subsequent changes to costs based upon an index.

Maturities of lease liabilities are:

| December 31, 2024 |
| Operating Leases |  |  | Finance Leases |
Remainder of 2025 | $ | 5,879 |  |  | $ | 86 |
2026 |  | 4,205 |  |  |  | 83 |
2027 |  | 2,404 |  |  |  | 30 |
2028 |  | 2,050 |  |  |  | 6 |
2029 |  | 1,196 |  |  |  | — |
Thereafter |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total lease payments (1) | $ | 15,734 |  |  | $ | 205 |
Less: imputed interest (2) |  | (1,481 | ) |  |  | (14 | )
Total lease liabilities | $ | 14,253 |  |  | $ | 191 |

(1)
The weighted average remaining lease term is 3.1 years for operating leases and 4.6 years for finance leases.
(2)
The weighted average discount rate is 6.1% for operating leases and 5.8% for finance leases.

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information related to leases are:

| Three Months Ended December 31, |
| 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Cash paid for amounts included in operating lease liabilities | $ | 1,454 |  |  | $ | 1,154 |
Cash paid for amounts included in finance lease liabilities | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | 26 |
Non-cash: lease liabilities arising from new operating lease assets obtained | $ | 582 |  |  | $ | — |
Non-cash: lease liabilities arising from new finance lease assets obtained | $ | 240 |  |  | $ | — |
Non-cash: adjustments to lease assets and liabilities(1) | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 293 |

(1)
These include adjustments due to lease modifications, renewals, and other related adjustments.

6.
Goodwill

The carrying value and changes in the carrying value of goodwill attributable to each reportable segment were as follows:

(in thousands) | GovDeals |  | CAG |  | Machinio |  | Total |
September 30, 2023 | $ | 53,814 |  | $ | 21,016 |  | $ | 14,558 |  | $ | 89,388 |
Sierra acquisition (see Note 3) |  | 7,869 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,869 |
Translation adjustments |  | — |  |  | 535 |  |  | — |  |  | 535 |
September 30, 2024 |  | 61,683 |  |  | 21,551 |  |  | 14,558 |  |  | 97,792 |
Translation adjustments |  | — |  |  | (391 | ) |  | — |  |  | (391 | )
December 31, 2024 | $ | 61,683 |  | $ | 21,160 |  | $ | 14,558 |  | $ | 97,401 |

11

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Goodwill is tested for impairment at the beginning of the fourth quarter and during interim periods whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company did not identify any indicators of impairment that required an interim goodwill impairment test during the three months ended December 31, 2024.

7.
Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consist of the following:

|  |  |  | December 31, 2024 |  |  | September 30, 2024 |
(in thousands) |  | Useful Life (in years) |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  |  | Accumulated Amortization |  |  | Net Carrying Amount |  |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  |  | Accumulated Amortization |  |  | Net Carrying Amount |
Customer and supplier relationships |  | 6 - 8 |  | $ | 22,100 |  |  | $ | (9,452 | ) |  | $ | 12,648 |  |  | $ | 22,100 |  |  | $ | (8,805 | ) |  | $ | 13,295 |
Technology |  | 3 - 5 |  |  | 4,900 |  |  |  | (4,900 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,900 |  |  |  | (4,839 | ) |  |  | 61 |
Trade names |  | 3 - 7 |  |  | 2,200 |  |  |  | (1,893 | ) |  |  | 307 |  |  |  | 2,200 |  |  |  | (1,803 | ) |  |  | 397 |
Other intangibles |  | 10 |  |  | 902 |  |  |  | (750 | ) |  |  | 152 |  |  |  | 897 |  |  |  | (738 | ) |  |  | 159 |
Total intangible assets, net |  |  |  | $ | 30,102 |  |  | $ | (16,995 | ) |  | $ | 13,107 |  |  | $ | 30,097 |  |  | $ | (16,185 | ) |  | $ | 13,912 |

Future expected amortization of intangible assets as of December 31, 2024, is as follows:

(in thousands) |  |  |
Years ending September 30, |  | Expected Future Amortization |
Remainder of 2025 |  | $ | 2,156 |
2026 |  |  | 2,721 |
2027 |  |  | 2,638 |
2028 |  |  | 2,605 |
2029 and thereafter |  |  | 2,987 |
Total |  | $ | 13,107 |

Intangible asset amortization expense was $0.8 million and $0.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The Company did no t record impairment charges on any intangible assets during the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company did not identify any indicators of impairment requiring an interim impairment test on material long-lived assets during the three months ended December 31, 2024.

8.
Income Taxes

The Company’s interim effective income tax rate is based on management’s best current estimate of the Company's expected annual effective income tax rate. The Company recorded pre-tax income in the first three months of fiscal year 2025 and its corresponding effective tax rate is 29.0% compared to 31.6% for the first three months of fiscal year 2024. The change in the effective tax rate for the three months ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the same period in the prior year, was primarily due to state and foreign taxes, and permanent tax adjustments.The effective tax rate differed from the U.S. statutory federal rate of 21% primarily as a result of the impact of foreign, state, and local income taxes and permanent tax adjustments.

The Company applies the authoritative guidance related to uncertainty in income taxes. ASC 740, Income Taxes, states that a benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, on the basis of technical merits. During the three months ended December 31, 2024, the Company did no t record any unrecognized tax benefits. The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various state and local jurisdictions and in foreign jurisdictions, primarily Canada and the United Kingdom. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has no open income tax examinations in the U.S. and the statute of limitations for years prior to 2021 is now closed. However, certain tax attribute carryforwards that were generated prior to fiscal year 2021 may be adjusted upon examination by tax authorities if they are utilized.

9.
Debt

On February 10, 2022, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (the Credit Agreement). Terms of the Credit Agreement provide for revolving loans (the Line of Credit) up to a maximum aggregate principal amount of $25.0 million with a $10.0 million sublimit for standby letters of credit.

During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the maturity date by 12 months to March 31, 2025 (the First Amendment).

During the year ended September 30, 2024, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the maturity date by an additional 12 months to March 31, 2026 (the Second Amendment). No other changes, including regarding the borrowing terms or capacities, were made to the Credit Agreement as a result of the First Amendment or the Second Amendment.

12

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The applicable interest rate on any draws under the Line of Credit is a variable rate per annum equal to the Daily Simple Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) in effect plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.75%. Interest is payable monthly. The Company pays an Unused Commitment Fee (as defined in the Credit Agreement), on a quarterly basis, equal to 0.05% per annum on the daily amount of the available, but unused, balance on the Line of Credit. The Company also pays a Line of Credit Fee (as defined in the Credit Agreement), on a quarterly basis, equal to 1.25% on the daily amount available to be drawn for standby letters of credit. Interest incurred on any draws under the Line of Credit, as well as the Unused Commitment Fee and Line of Credit Fee, are included within Interest and other income, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company may draw upon the Line of Credit for general corporate purposes. Repayments of any borrowings under the Line of Credit shall become available for redraw at any time by the Company.

The Credit Agreement contains certain financial and non-financial restrictive covenants including, among others, the requirement to maintain a minimum level of earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA). The Credit Agreement contains affirmative and restrictive covenants including covenants placing limitations on mergers, consolidations and dissolutions, investments and acquisitions, indebtedness and liens, and dividends and other restricted payments. As of December 31, 2024, the Company was in full compliance with the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement.

During the three months ended December 31, 2024, the Company did not make any draws under the Line of Credit, had no outstanding borrowings under the Line of Credit and had $7.5 million of standby letters of credit outstanding. The amount of standby letters of credit are reserved against the Line of Credit and are not available for borrowing, resulting in $17.5 million of remaining borrowing capacity under the Line of Credit as of December 31, 2024.

During the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, interest expense incurred by the Company under the Credit Agreement was immaterial to the c ondensed consolidated financial statements.

10.
Stockholders’ Equity

The changes in stockholders’ equity for the prior year comparable period are as follows:

|  |  |  |  | Additional |  |  |  |  |  | Accumulated Other |  |  |  |  |
| Common Stock |  | Paid-in |  | Treasury Stock |  | Comprehensive |  | Retained |  |  |
| Shares |  | Amount |  | Capital |  | Shares |  | Amount |  | Loss |  | Earnings |  | Total |
Balance at September 30, 2023 |  | 36,142,345 |  | $ | 36 |  | $ | 265,945 |  |  | (5,433,045 | ) | $ | (84,031 | ) | $ | (10,458 | ) | $ | (9,958 | ) | $ | 161,533 |
Net income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,907 |  |  | 1,907 |
Exercise of stock options, grants of restricted stock awards, and vesting of restricted stock units |  | 59,471 |  |  | — |  |  | 127 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 127 |
Taxes paid associated with net settlement of stock compensation awards |  | (12,058 | ) |  | — |  |  | (224 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (224 | )
Common stock repurchased |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (68,692 | ) |  | (1,171 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,171 | )
Stock compensation expense |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,249 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,249 |
Foreign currency translation and other |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 958 |  |  | — |  |  | 958 |
Balance at December 31, 2023 |  | 36,189,758 |  | $ | 36 |  | $ | 268,096 |  |  | (5,501,737 | ) | $ | (85,202 | ) | $ | (9,500 | ) | $ | (8,051 | ) | $ | 165,379 |

Stock Compensation Incentive Plans

The Company maintains the Third Amended and Restated 2006 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan (as amended, the LTIP) under which stock options, restricted stock units (RSUs), restricted stock awards (RSAs), and cash-settled stock appreciation rights (SARs) have been issued, and a private placement issuance related to the Company's acquisition of Bid4Assets. During the year ended September 30, 2024, the Company's shareholders approved an amendment to the LTIP to increase the number of shares of common stock from 20,300,000 to 22,800,000, reserved for future issuance of awards under the LTIP. Vesting of RSUs and grants of RSAs count as 1.5x shares against the plan reserves. As of December 31, 2024, 1,347,204 shares of common stock remained available for use.

13

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Stock Compensation Expense

The table below presents the components of share-based compensation expense (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended December 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Equity-classified awards: |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock options |  | $ | 659 |  |  | $ | 500 |
RSUs & RSAs |  |  | 2,772 |  |  |  | 1,749 |
Total Equity-classified award |  |  | 3,431 |  |  |  | 2,249 |
Liability-classified awards: |  |  |  |  |  |
SARs |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Total stock compensation expense: |  | $ | 3,431 |  |  | $ | 2,249 |

The table below presents the components of share-based compensation expense by line-item within our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended December 31, |
|  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Stock-compensation expense by function |  |  |  |  |  |
Technology and operations |  | $ | 551 |  |  | $ | 330 |
Sales and marketing |  |  | 1,021 |  |  |  | 638 |
General and administrative |  |  | 1,859 |  |  |  | 1,281 |
Total stock compensation expense: |  | $ | 3,431 |  |  | $ | 2,249 |

Stock Options and RSUs & RSAs

The following table presents stock option and RSUs & RSAs grant activity:

﻿ |  | Three Months Ended December 31, 2024 |
Stock Options granted: |  | ﻿ |
Options containing only service conditions: |  |  | 125,000 |
Weighted average exercise price |  | $ | 22.55 |
Weighted average grant date fair value |  | $ | 10.86 |
﻿ |  | ﻿ |
Options containing performance conditions: |  |  | 125,000 |
Weighted average exercise price |  | $ | 22.55 |
Weighted average grant date fair value |  | $ | 10.86 |
﻿ |  | ﻿ |
RSUs & RSAs granted: |  | ﻿ |
RSUs & RSAs containing only service conditions: |  |  | 304,519 |
Weighted average grant date fair value |  | $ | 23.55 |
﻿ |  | ﻿ |
RSUs & RSAs containing performance conditions: |  |  | 304,521 |
Weighted average grant date fair value |  | $ | 23.55 |

The stock options and RSUs & RSAs containing only service conditions will vest over a four-year service period. The stock options and RSUs & RSAs containing performance conditions will vest upon the achievement of specified financial targets of the Company, a segment, or a division of a segment. Vesting is measured on the first day of each fiscal quarter over the three-year terms of the awards, starting with the first fiscal quarter after the first anniversary of the grant date.

The range of assumptions used to determine the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model during the three months ended December 31, 2024, were as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended |
|  | December 31, 2024 |
Dividend yield |  |  | — |
Expected volatility |  | 56.09% - 57.96% |
Risk-free interest rate |  | 4.10% - 4.10% |
Expected term |  | 4.4 - 5.0 years |

14

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Share Repurchase Program

From time to time, we may be authorized to repurchase issued and outstanding shares of our common stock under a share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors. Share repurchases may be made through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, at times and in such amounts as management deems appropriate. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors including price, corporate and regulatory requirements and other market conditions. The repurchase program may be discontinued or suspended at any time and will be funded using our available cash.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $7.6 million of remaining authorization to repurchase shares through December 31, 2025. On December 9, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $10.0 million of the Company's outstanding shares of common stock through December 31, 2026.

The Company made no repurchases during the three months ended December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $17.6 million of remaining authorization to repurchase shares through December 31, 2026.

Other Share Repurchases

Separate from the share repurchase program, our stock incentive plans allow for participants to exercise stock options by surrendering shares of common stock equivalent in value to the exercise price due. Any shares surrendered to the Company in this manner are not available for future grant.

During the three months ended December 31, 2024, participants surrendered 582 shares of common stock in connection with the exercise of stock options. No shares were surrendered by participants in connection with the exercise of stock options during the three months ended December 31, 2023.

11.
Fair Value Measurement

The Company measures and records certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Authoritative guidance issued by the FASB establishes a fair value hierarchy for those instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the Company’s assumptions (unobservable inputs). The hierarchy consists of three levels:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity can access at the measurement date;

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

Cash and cash equivalents. The Company had $62.3 million and $67.2 million of money market funds considered cash equivalents at December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2024, respectively. These assets were measured at fair value as of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2024, and were classified as Level 1 assets within the fair value hierarchy. There were no transfers between levels during the periods presented.

Short-term investments. The Company had $10.4 million and $2.3 million of guaranteed investment certificates considered investments at December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2024, respectively. As these investments have maturity dates of 12 months or less from the balance sheet date, they have been classified as short-term in nature. These assets were measured at fair value as of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2024, and were classified as Level 1 assets within the fair value hierarchy. There were no transfers between levels during the periods presented.

Other Information. When valuing its Level 3 liability, management's estimation of fair value is based on the best information available in the circumstances and may incorporate management's own assumptions around market demand which could involve a level of judgment, taking into consideration a combination of internal and external factors.

The Company’s financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value are cash, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and payables to sellers. The Company believes the carrying values of these instruments approximate fair value.

As of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2024, the Company did no t have any material assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

12.
Defined Benefit Pension Plan

Certain employees of Liquidity Services UK Limited (GoIndustry), which the Company acquired in July 2012, are covered by the Henry Butcher Pension Fund and Life Assurance Scheme (the Scheme), a qualified defined benefit pension plan. The Company guarantees GoIndustry's performance on all present and future obligations to make payments to the Scheme for up to a maximum of £10 million British pounds. The Scheme was closed to new members on January 1, 2002.

15

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The net periodic pension cost (benefit) is recognized within Interest and other income, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, and was immaterial for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

13.
Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies

The Company reserves for contingent liabilities based on ASC 450, Contingencies, when it determines that a liability is probable and reasonably estimable. From time to time, the Company may become involved in litigation relating to claims arising in the ordinary course of the business; however, unless otherwise noted, there are no claims or actions pending or threatened against the Company that, if adversely determined, would in the Company's management's judgment have a material adverse effect on the Company.

Former Employee Matters

On December 28, 2022, the Company’s former Chief Marketing Officer (the “Former CMO”) filed a complaint (the “Original Complaint”) in the United States District Court for the District of Maryland (the “District Court”), alleging wrongful termination on the basis of race and age and that the Company retaliated against him. On April 26, 2023, the Former CMO filed an amended complaint with the District Court, alleging the same claims made in the Original Complaint. The Company's motion to dismiss certain of the claims was denied on March 27, 2024. The parties are currently involved in the discovery phase of the case. The Company is asserting substantial defenses and cannot estimate a range of potential liability, if any, at this time. The Company’s employment practices liability insurance carrier, CNA, has accepted tender of these claims.

14.
Segment Information

The Company has four operating and reportable segments under which we conduct business: GovDeals, Retail Supply Chain Group (RSCG), Capital Assets Group (CAG), and Machinio. Further information and operating results of our reportable segments can be found in Note 14 - Segment Information.

•
GovDeals. The GovDeals reportable segment provides solutions that enable government entities including city, county, state and federal agencies located in the United States and Canada and related commercial businesses to sell surplus property and real estate assets through its GovDeals, Bid4Assets and Sierra marketplaces; see Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition.
•
RSCG. The RSCG reportable segment consists of marketplaces that enable corporations located in the United States and Canada to sell excess, returned, and overstocked consumer goods. RSCG also offers a suite of services that includes returns management, asset recovery, and e-commerce solutions. This segment uses multiple selling channels across our network of marketplaces and others to optimize the best combination of velocity, volume, and value. This segment primarily conducts its business-to-business sales on its Liquidation.com marketplace and through Direct Sales, and direct-to-consumer sales on its AllSurplus Deals and Secondipity marketplaces and other third-party sales channels.
•
CAG. The CAG reportable segment enables commercial businesses to sell surplus assets on our AllSurplus marketplace. The core verticals in which CAG operates include industrial manufacturing, oil and gas, heavy equipment, biopharma, and electronics. CAG also offers a suite of services that includes surplus management, asset valuation, asset sales and marketing. CAG benefits from a global base of buyers and sellers enabling the sale and redeployment of assets wherever they’re most likely to generate the best value and highest use across the world. This segment primarily uses the AllSurplus and GovDeals marketplaces.
•
Machinio. The Machinio reportable segment operates a global search engine platform for listing equipment for sale in the construction, machine tool, processing, transportation, printing, agriculture, and laboratory/medical sectors. Machinio also offers the Machinio System service that provides equipment sellers with a suite of software tools that includes website hosting, email marketing, and inventory management, to support and enable equipment sellers’ online business.

We also report results for Corporate, including elimination adjustments.

Decisions concerning the allocation of the Company’s resources are made by the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), which is the Company's Chief Executive Officer, with oversight by the Board of Directors. The Company reports reportable segment information based on the internal performance measures used by the CODM to assess the performance of each operating segment in a given period. In connection with that assessment, the CODM uses segment direct profit to evaluate the performance of each segment. Segment direct profit, previously referred to as segment gross profit, continues to be calculated as total revenue less cost of goods sold (excludes depreciation and amortization).

The following table sets forth certain financial information for the Company's reportable se gments:

16

Liquidity Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

|  | Three Months Ended December 31, |
(in thousands) | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
GovDeals: |  |  |  |  |  |
| Purchase revenue | $ | 512 |  |  | $ | — |
| Consignment and other fee revenues |  | 20,010 |  |  |  | 15,900 |
| Total revenue |  | 20,522 |  |  |  | 15,900 |
| Segment direct profit | $ | 18,816 |  |  | $ | 15,056 |
RSCG: |  |  |  |  |
| Purchase revenue | $ | 80,685 |  |  | $ | 35,293 |
| Consignment and other fee revenues |  | 6,996 |  |  |  | 8,428 |
| Total revenue |  | 87,681 |  |  |  | 43,721 |
| Segment direct profit | $ | 18,495 |  |  | $ | 14,112 |
CAG: |  |  |  |  |
| Purchase revenue | $ | 1,618 |  |  | $ | 932 |
| Consignment and other fee revenues |  | 8,233 |  |  |  | 6,902 |
| Total revenue |  | 9,851 |  |  |  | 7,834 |
| Segment direct profit | $ | 8,796 |  |  | $ | 6,943 |
Machinio: |  |  |  |  |
| Purchase revenue | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
| Consignment and other fee revenues |  | 4,294 |  |  |  | 3,886 |
| Total revenue |  | 4,294 |  |  |  | 3,886 |
| Segment direct profit | $ | 4,077 |  |  | $ | 3,703 |
Corporate, including elimination adjustments: |  |  |  |  |
| Purchase revenue | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
| Consignment and other fee revenues |  | (17 | ) |  |  | (16 | )
| Total revenue |  | (17 | ) |  |  | (16 | )
| Segment direct profit | $ | (17 | ) |  | $ | (16 | )
Consolidated: |  |  |  |  |
| Purchase revenue | $ | 82,815 |  |  | $ | 36,225 |
| Consignment and other fee revenues |  | 39,516 |  |  |  | 35,100 |
| Total revenue |  | 122,331 |  |  |  | 71,325 |
| Total Segment direct profit | $ | 50,167 |  |  | $ | 39,798 |

The following table reconciles segment direct profit used in the reportable segments to the Company's c ondensed consolidated results:

﻿ | Three Months Ended December 31, |
(in thousands) | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Reconciliation: | ﻿ |  |  | ﻿ |
Total segment direct profit | $ | 50,167 |  |  | $ | 39,798 |
Other costs and expenses from operations (1) |  | 42,964 |  |  |  | 37,707 |
Interest and other income, net |  | (987 | ) |  |  | (697 | )
Income before provision for income taxes | $ | 8,190 |  |  | $ | 2,788 |

(1)
Other costs and expenses from operations is defined as Total costs and expenses from operations per the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, less Cost of goods sold (which is included in the calculation of Segment direct profit).

The percent of our revenues that came from transactions conducted outside of the United States for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, was 9.8% and 12.1%, respectively.

15.
Subsequent Events

On January 31, 2025, the Company acquired Auction Software, a private-label marketplace and SaaS solutions provider, for a total preliminary purchase price of $7.5 million, subject to a customary working capital adjustment.

17

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of F inancial Condition and Results of Operations

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This document contains forward-looking statements. These statements are only predictions. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to differ materially from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and other factors include but are not limited to the factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, and subsequent filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). You can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continues” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. There may be other factors of which we are currently unaware or deem immaterial that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements.

All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf apply only as of the date of this document and are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements included in this document. Except as may be required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this document or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes and the information contained elsewhere in this document.

Overview

About us. Liquidity Services is a leading global commerce company providing trusted online marketplace platforms that power the circular economy. We create a better future for organizations, individuals, and the planet by using technology to capture and unleash the intrinsic value of surplus. We connect millions of buyers and thousands of sellers through our leading e-commerce auction marketplaces, search engines, asset management software, and related services. Our comprehensive solutions enable the transparent, efficient, sustainable recovery of value from excess items owned by business and government sellers.

Our business delivers value to shareholders by unleashing the intrinsic value of surplus through our online marketplace platforms. These platforms ignite and enable a self-reinforcing cycle of value creation where buyers and sellers attract one another in greater numbers. The result of this cycle is a continuous flow of goods that becomes increasingly valuable as more participants join the platforms, thereby creating positive network effects that benefit sellers, buyers, and shareholders.

Reportable Segments

The Company has four operating and reportable segments under which we conduct business: GovDeals, Retail Supply Chain Group (RSCG), Capital Assets Group (CAG), and Machinio. Further information and operating results of our reportable segments can be found in Note 14 - Segment Information.

•
GovDeals. The GovDeals reportable segment provides solutions that enable government entities including city, county, state and federal agencies located in the United States and Canada and related commercial businesses to sell surplus property and real estate assets through its GovDeals, Bid4Assets and Sierra marketplaces; see Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition.
•
RSCG. The RSCG reportable segment consists of marketplaces that enable corporations located in the United States and Canada to sell excess, returned, and overstocked consumer goods. RSCG also offers a suite of services that includes returns management, asset recovery, and e-commerce solutions. This segment uses multiple selling channels across its network of marketplaces and others to optimize the best combination of velocity, volume, and value. This segment primarily conducts its business-to-business sales on its Liquidation.com marketplace and through Direct Sales, and direct-to-consumer sales on its AllSurplus Deals and Secondipity marketplaces and other third-party sales channels.
•
CAG. The CAG reportable segment enables commercial businesses to sell surplus assets on our AllSurplus marketplace. The core verticals in which CAG operates include industrial manufacturing, oil and gas, heavy equipment, biopharma, and electronics. CAG also offers a suite of services that includes surplus management, asset valuation, asset sales and marketing. CAG benefits from a global base of buyers and sellers enabling the sale and redeployment of assets wherever they’re most likely to generate the best value and highest use across the world. This segment primarily uses the AllSurplus and GovDeals marketplaces.
•
Machinio. The Machinio reportable segment operates a global search engine platform for listing equipment for sale in the construction, machine tool, processing, transportation, printing, agriculture, and laboratory/medical sectors. Machinio also offers the Machinio System service that provides equipment sellers with a suite of software tools that includes website hosting, email marketing, and inventory management, to support and enable equipment sellers’ online business.

18

Macroeconomic Conditions

Supply chain challenges and consumer sentiment. The supply of used vehicles available for sale on our marketplaces may be impacted by proposed tariffs in the U.S., as well as the slowing adoption of electric vehicles as a replacement to internal combustion vehicle fleets. Further, used car market price indices continue to experience heightened volatility. In addition, general consumer behavior can be turbulent, and changes in consumer sentiment can cause fluctuation in the mix, volumes, and demand for the products we receive. Change in these conditions or other challenges that may emerge in other key asset categories can impact our financial performance.

Effects of inflation and heightened interest rates. Inflation in both the U.S. and internationally has weighed on the global economy, increasing prices for energy, shipping, and labor, among other areas of the macroeconomic environment. These events have caused a rise in borrowing costs as well, partly driven by actions taken by central banks to curb rising inflation, which has impacted buyer qualification and transaction timelines.

Currently, the Company is unable to predict the likelihood, magnitude, and timing of inflationary risk to our business, if any. As a marketplace operator, the GMV, revenues and costs of revenues that result from our primarily auction-based sales may be influenced by macroeconomic factors, including but not limited to inflation, the impacts of which may vary across each of our individual asset classes.

International armed and geopolitical conflicts. The global financial markets have experienced volatility subsequent to the invasion of Ukraine by Russia in February 2022, a conflict which remains ongoing, as well as the ongoing conflict in and adjacent to Israel. The Russia-Ukraine conflict specifically resulted in numerous countries, including the United States, imposing significant new sanctions and export controls against Russia, Russian banks, and certain Russian individuals. These sanctions and export controls and international responses to the ongoing conflict in and adjacent to Israel, have further heightened global supply chain disruptions and impacted the international trade markets. For the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company's total revenues directly associated with Russia, Ukraine, and Israel were not material to our condensed consolidated financial results. We will continue monitoring these armed and geopolitical conflicts around the world and any potential future impacts on our business.

Industry Trends

We believe there are several industry trends positively impacting the long-term growth of our business including:

•
the increase in volume of returned merchandise handled both online and in stores as online and omni-channel retail grow as a percentage of overall retail sales;
•
the increase in government regulations and the need for corporations to have sustainability solutions with verifiable recycling and remarketing of surplus assets;
•
the increase in outsourcing surplus disposition and end-of-life assets by corporations and government entities as they focus on reducing costs, improving transparency, compliance and working capital, and increasingly prefer service providers with proven track records, innovative scalable solutions and the ability to make a strategic impact in the reverse supply chain;
•
an increase in buyer demand for surplus merchandise as consumers aspire to make more environmentally conscious decisions, while also seeking greater value through purchasing less expensive goods, both of which could impact our long-term growth;
•
the increase in demand from sellers and buyers to transact in an online solution ensuring assets are sold for fair market value; and
•
in the long-term we expect innovation in the retail supply chain will increase the pace of product obsolescence and, therefore, increase the supply of surplus assets.

Our Marketplace Transactions

We believe our marketplaces benefit over time from greater scale and adoption by our users creating a continuous flow of goods benefiting our buyers and sellers. As of December 31, 2024, we had 5.7 million registered buyers in our marketplaces. We had access to millions of additional end-users through a range of external consumer marketplaces. Aggregating this level of buyer demand and market data enables us to generate a continuous flow of goods from corporate and government sellers, which in turn attracts more buyers. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, the approximate number of registered buyers increased from 5.2 million to 5.7 million, or approximately 9%. As buyers continue to discover and use our e-commerce marketplaces as an effective method to source assets, we believe our solutions become a more attractive sales channel for corporate and government agency sellers. We believe this self-reinforcing cycle results in greater transaction volume and enhances the value of our marketplaces.

Revenues

Substantially all of our revenue is earned through the following transaction models:

19

Purchase model. Under our purchase transaction model, we recognize revenue within the Purchase revenues line-item on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations from the resale of inventory that we purchased from sellers. We consider these sellers to be our vendors. We pay our sellers either a fixed amount or a portion of the net or gross proceeds received from our completed sales based on the value we receive from the sale, in some cases, after deducting a required return to us that we have negotiated with the seller. Because we are the principal in purchase transaction model sales, we recognize as revenue the sale price paid by the buyer upon completion of a transaction. The proceeds paid by buyers also include transaction fees, referred to as buyer premiums.

Consignment model—fee revenue. Under our consignment transaction model, we enable our sellers to sell goods they own in our marketplaces, and we charge them a commission fee based on the gross or net proceeds received from such sales. The revenue from our consignment transaction model is recognized upon auction close or upon collection of auction proceeds, depending upon the settlement service level selected by the seller. Revenue under the consignment model is recorded within the Consignment and other fee revenues line-item on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Because we are the agent in consignment model sales, our commission fee revenue, which we refer to as seller commissions, represents a percentage of the sales price the buyer pays upon completion of a transaction. We vary the percentage amount of the seller commission depending on the various value-added services we provide to the seller to facilitate the transaction. For example, we generally increase the percentage amount of the commission if we take possession, handle, ship, or provide enhanced product information for the merchandise. In most cases we collect the seller commission by deducting the appropriate amount from the sales proceeds prior to the distribution to the seller after completion of the transaction. In addition to seller commissions, we also collect buyer premiums.

Other — fee revenue. We also earn non-consignment fee revenue from Machinio's subscription services, as well as other services including asset valuation, product handling, and storage fees. Non-consignment fee revenue is recorded within the Consignment and other fee revenues line-item on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Transaction Model Mix. Most of our transactions are conducted under the consignment model, which represented 79.8% and 88.7% of our consolidated GMV for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. However, only the consignment fee, representing a small portion of the consignment GMV, is recognized as revenue, causing consignment revenues to account for 27.0% and 39.6% of our total revenues for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Purchase model transactions are a smaller proportion of our consolidated GMV, representing 20.2% and 11.3% of our consolidated GMV for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. However, all of the GMV associated with the purchase model transaction is generally able to be recognized as revenue, causing purchase revenues to account for 67.7% and 50.8% of our total revenues for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

We have multiple vendor contracts with Amazon.com, Inc. under which we acquire and sell commercial merchandise. While purchase model transactions account for less than 25% of our total GMV, the cost of inventory for purchase model transactions is the most significant component of our consolidated Costs of goods sold. $8.4 million and $12.2 million of inventory purchased under such contracts with Amazon.com, Inc. is included in our Condensed Consolidated Inventory balances as of December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2024, respectively. Our vendor contracts with respect to sourcing or consigning merchandise for our RSCG segment generally reflect the concentration dynamics inherent to the retail industry.

Other fee revenues accounted for 5.4% and 9.6% of our total revenues for three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Key Business Metrics

Our management periodically reviews certain key business metrics for operational planning purposes and to evaluate the effectiveness of our operational strategies, allocation of resources, and our capacity to fund capital expenditures and expand our business. These key business metrics include:

Gross merchandise volume (GMV). GMV is the total sales value of all merchandise sold by us or our sellers through our marketplaces or by us through other channels during a given period of time. We review GMV because it provides a measure of the volume of goods being sold in our marketplaces and thus the activity of those marketplaces. GMV also provides a means to evaluate the effectiveness of investments that we have made and continue to make, including in the areas of buyer and seller support, value-added services, product development, sales and marketing, and operations. Our GMV for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $386.1 million and $305.9 million, respectively.

Total registered buyers. We grow our buyer base through a combination of marketing and promotional efforts. A person becomes a registered buyer by completing an online registration process on one of our marketplaces. As part of this process, we collect business and personal information, including name, title, company name, business address, contact information, and information on how the person intends to use our marketplaces. Each prospective buyer must also accept our terms and conditions of use. Following the completion of the online registration process, we verify each prospective buyer’s e-mail address and confirm that the person is not listed on any banned persons list maintained internally or by the U.S. federal government. After the verification process, which is completed generally within 24 hours, the registration is approved and activated, and the prospective buyer is added to our registered buyer list.

20

Total registered buyers, as of a given date, represent the aggregate number of persons or entities who have registered on one of our marketplaces. We use this metric to evaluate how well our marketing and promotional efforts are performing. Total registered buyers exclude duplicate registrations, buyers who are suspended from utilizing our marketplaces and buyers who have voluntarily removed themselves from our registration database. In addition, if we become aware of registered buyers that are no longer in business, we remove them from our database. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, we had 5.7 million and 5.2 million registered buyers, respectively.

Total auction participants. For each auction we manage, the number of auction participants represents the total number of registered buyers who have bid one or more times in that auction. As a result, a registered buyer who bids, or participates, in more than one auction is counted as an auction participant in each auction in which he or she participates. Thus, total auction participants for a given period is the sum of the auction participants in each auction conducted during that period. We use this metric to allow us to compare our online auction marketplaces to our competitors, including other online auction sites and traditional on-site auctioneers. In addition, we measure total auction participants on a periodic basis to evaluate the activity level of our base of registered buyers and to measure the performance of our marketing and promotional efforts. During the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, 960,000 and 848,000 participants participated in auctions on our marketplaces, respectively.

Completed transactions. Completed transactions represents the number of auctions in a given period from which we have recorded revenue. Similar to GMV, we believe that completed transactions is a key business metric because it provides an additional measurement of the volume of activity flowing through our marketplaces. During the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we completed 253,000 and 239,000 transactions, respectively.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company's critical accounting policies and estimates are described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2024, and in Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Components of Revenue and Expenses

Revenue. Refer to the discussion in the Our revenue section above, and to Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2024, for discussion of the Company's related accounting policies.

Cost of goods sold (excludes depreciation and amortization). Refer to the discussion in Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2024, for discussion of the Company's Costs of goods sold and related accounting policies.

Technology and operations. Technology expenses primarily consist of the cost of technical staff (including stock compensation), third-party services, licenses, and infrastructure, all as required to develop, configure, deploy, maintain, and secure our marketplace platforms, business operational systems, and facilities. Technology expenses are net of the required capitalization of costs associated with enhancing our marketplace platforms and other software development activities. Depreciation and amortization of capitalized software development costs, purchased software, acquired developed software intangible assets, and computer hardware are included within Depreciation and amortization in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Technology expenses are presented separately from Costs of goods sold (excluding depreciation and amortization) in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, as these expenses provide for the general availability of our marketplace platforms and other business operational systems and are not attributable to specific revenue generating transaction activity occurring on our marketplaces.

Because our marketplaces and support systems require frequent upgrades and enhancements to maintain viability, we have determined that the useful life for certain internally developed software is less than one year. As a result, we expense those costs as incurred. However, where we determine that the useful life of the internally developed software will be greater than one year, we capitalize development costs in accordance with ASC 350-40, Internal-use software. As such, we are capitalizing certain development costs associated with our marketplaces and support systems, as well as other software development activities.

Operations expenses consist primarily of costs to operate our network of warehouses, including shipping logistics, inventory management, refurbishment, and administrative functions; costs to enhance our online auctions listings and provide customer support; and costs associated with field support and preparation and transfer of goods from sellers to buyers. Operations expenses include both internal and external labor costs, as well as other third-party charges. These costs are expensed as incurred.

Sales and marketing. Sales and marketing expenses include the cost of our sales and marketing personnel as well as the cost of lead generation, marketing and promotional activities, including buyer and seller acquisition, as well as general brand marketing. These activities include online marketing campaigns, such as paid search advertising and geofencing campaigns, as well as offline marketing efforts, trade shows, and marketing analytics.

General and administrative. General and administrative expenses include all corporate and administrative functions that support our operations and provide an infrastructure to facilitate our future growth. These expenses are generally more fixed in nature than our other operating expenses and do not vary as significantly in response to the volume of merchandise sold through our marketplaces.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization consist of depreciation of property and equipment, amortization of internally developed software, and amortization of intangible assets.

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Other operating expenses, net. Other operating expenses, net includes acquisition-related costs, impairment of long-lived and other assets, impacts of lease terminations, as well as business realignment expenses, including those associated with restructuring initiatives and the exit of certain business operations.

Interest and other income, net. Interest and other income, net consists of interest income on interest-bearing checking accounts, money market funds, interest and unused commitment fees in connection with the Company's Credit Agreement, the components of net periodic pension cost (benefit) other than the service component and impacts of foreign currency fluctuations.

Income taxes. Income taxes include current and deferred income tax expense for the U.S. federal, state, and foreign jurisdictions. For interim income tax reporting, we estimate our annual effective tax rate and apply this effective tax rate to our year-to-date pre-tax income.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, our consolidated operating results:

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  | Change |
(dollars in thousands) | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | $ |  | % |
Purchase revenues | $ | 82,815 |  | $ | 36,225 |  | $ | 46,590 |  |  | 128.6 | %
Consignment and other fee revenues |  | 39,516 |  |  | 35,100 |  |  | 4,416 |  |  | 12.6 | %
Total revenue |  | 122,331 |  |  | 71,325 |  |  | 51,006 |  |  | 71.5 | %
Costs and expenses from operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of goods sold (excludes depreciation and amortization) |  | 72,164 |  |  | 31,526 |  |  | 40,638 |  |  | 128.9 | %
Technology and operations |  | 17,407 |  |  | 14,238 |  |  | 3,169 |  |  | 22.3 | %
Sales and marketing |  | 14,774 |  |  | 12,980 |  |  | 1,794 |  |  | 13.8 | %
General and administrative |  | 8,267 |  |  | 7,585 |  |  | 682 |  |  | 9.0 | %
Depreciation and amortization |  | 2,516 |  |  | 2,904 |  |  | (388 | ) |  | (13.4 | )%
Other operating expenses, net |  | 116 |  |  | 445 |  |  | (329 | ) | NM |
Total costs and expenses |  | 115,244 |  |  | 69,678 |  |  | 45,566 |  |  | 65.4 | %
Income from operations |  | 7,087 |  |  | 1,647 |  |  | 5,440 |  |  | 330.3 | %
Interest and other income, net |  | (1,103 | ) |  | (1,141 | ) |  | 38 |  |  | (3.4 | )%
Income before provision for income taxes |  | 8,190 |  |  | 2,788 |  |  | 5,402 |  |  | 193.7 | %
Provision for income taxes |  | 2,380 |  |  | 881 |  |  | 1,499 |  |  | 170.1 | %
Net income | $ | 5,810 |  | $ | 1,907 |  | $ | 3,903 |  |  | 204.7 | %

NM = not meaningful

The following table presents reportable segment GMV, revenue, segment direct profit (calculated as total revenue less cost of goods sold (excluding depreciation and amortization)), and segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue for the periods indicated:

| Three Months Ended December 31, |
(dollars in thousands) | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
GovDeals: |  |  |  |  |
GMV | $ | 212,141 |  |  | $ | 190,408 |
Total revenue | $ | 20,522 |  |  | $ | 15,900 |
Segment direct profit | $ | 18,816 |  |  | $ | 15,056 |
Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue |  | 91.7 | % |  |  | 94.7 | %
RSCG: |  |  |  |  |
GMV | $ | 109,771 |  |  | $ | 66,561 |
Total revenue | $ | 87,681 |  |  | $ | 43,721 |
Segment direct profit | $ | 18,495 |  |  | $ | 14,112 |
Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue |  | 21.1 | % |  |  | 32.3 | %
CAG: |  |  |  |  |
GMV | $ | 64,168 |  |  | $ | 48,895 |
Total revenue | $ | 9,851 |  |  | $ | 7,834 |
Segment direct profit | $ | 8,796 |  |  | $ | 6,943 |
Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue |  | 89.3 | % |  |  | 88.6 | %
Machinio: |  |  |  |  |
GMV | — |  |  | — |
Total revenue | $ | 4,294 |  |  | $ | 3,886 |
Segment direct profit | $ | 4,077 |  |  | $ | 3,703 |
Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue |  | 94.9 | % |  |  | 95.3 | %
Consolidated: |  |  |  |  |
GMV | $ | 386,080 |  |  | $ | 305,864 |
Total revenue | $ | 122,331 |  |  | $ | 71,325 |

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Three Months Ended December 31, 2024, Compared to the Three Months Ended December 31, 2023

Segment Results

GovDeal s. Total revenues from our GovDeals reportable segment increased 29.1%, or $4.6 million, due to a $21.7 million, or 11.4%, increase in GMV driven by increased personal property sales, particularly in vehicles despite some softening in market prices, and continued growth in our seller base. Revenue grew at a higher rate than GMV due to the expansion of service offerings to new, higher-volume sellers, including through the acquisition of Sierra. Segment direct profit increased by $3.8 million, or 25.0%, consistent with the increase in revenues. Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue decreased from 94.7% to 91.7% due to transportation costs associated with Sierra and other expanded service locations.

RSCG. Revenue from our RSCG reportable segment increased by $44.0 million, or 100.5%, due to a $43.2 million, or 64.9%, increase in GMV due to expansion in our purchase programs. Segment direct profit increased by $4.4 million, or 31.1%, and Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue decreased from 32.3% to 21.1%, due to increased volumes from expanded purchase programs, driven by general merchandise categories that are lower-touch and do not generally have a significant impact on RSCG's operating expenses, and a lower blended take-rate on our consignment sales. These increased purchase volumes and their effect of lowering Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue are expected to continue.

CAG. Revenue from our CAG reportable segment increased by $2.0 million, or 25.7%, due to a $15.3 million, or 31.2%, increase in GMV driven by consignment sales in our heavy equipment and energy categories, while prior year results were impacted by project delays in certain international sales events. While there are inherent variations in the mix of assets sourced and sold by the CAG segment in any given period, Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue remained relatively consistent between the periods. As a result of the increase in revenues, Segment direct profit increased by $1.9 million, or 26.7%. Global supply chains may experience heightened disruptions due to international tensions and other factors, which could limit the volume of assets made available for sale in any period.

Machinio. Revenue from our Machinio reportable segment increased 10.5%, or $0.4 million, due to price increases and continued growth in subscribers. As a result of the increase in revenues, segment direct profit increased 10.1%, or $0.4 million. Segment direct profit as a percentage of total revenue remained relatively consistent between the periods.

Consolidated Results

Total revenues. Total consolidated revenue increased $51.0 million, or 71.5%. Refer to the discussion of Segment Results above for discussion of the increase in revenue.

Cost of goods sold (excludes depreciation and amortization). Cost of goods sold increased $40.6 million, due to increased purchase transaction volumes at our RSCG reportable segment during the three months ended December 31, 2024.

Technology and operations expenses. Technology and operations expenses increased $3.2 million, or 22.3%, primarily in support of the increased transactions volumes across our segments, including operating costs associated with expanded full-service consignment solutions in our GovDeals segment through our acquisition of Sierra, temporary storage costs in our RSCG segment from the initial stages of its purchase programs expansion that are expected to normalize during the three months ended March 31, 2025, and a $0.2 million increase in stock compensation expense.

Sales and marketing expenses. Sales and marketing expenses increased $1.8 million, or 13.8%, primarily due to our market share expansion and client diversification efforts, and a $0.4 million increase in stock compensation expense.

General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses increased $0.7 million, or 9.0%, primarily due to a $0.6 million increase in stock compensation primarily from variable stock awards tied to financial performance targets.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense decreased $0.4 million, or 13.4%, due to historically acquired intangible assets reaching the end of their useful lives.

Other operating expenses, net. Other operating expenses, net decreased $0.3 million, as the three months ended December 31, 2023, included legal, accounting and other professional fees incurred in connection with the acquisition of Sierra; see Note 3 - Sierra Acquisition for further information

Provision for income taxes. Provision for income taxes increased $1.5 million due to the higher pre-tax income and the impact of foreign, state, and local taxes and permanent tax adjustments.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA. Non-GAAP EBITDA is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure and is equal to Net income plus Interest and other income, net excluding the non-service components of net periodic pension cost (benefit); Provision for income taxes; and Depreciation and amortization. Interest and other income, net, can include non-operating gains and losses, such as from foreign currency fluctuations. Our definition of Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA differs from Non-GAAP EBITDA because we further adjust Non-GAAP EBITDA for stock-based compensation expense, acquisition costs such as transaction expenses and changes in earn out estimates, business realignment expense, deferred revenue purchase accounting adjustments, and goodwill and long-lived asset impairment.

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We believe Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA are useful to an investor in evaluating our performance for the following reasons:

•
Depreciation and amortization expense primarily relates to property and equipment and the amortization of intangible assets. These expenses are non-cash charges that have fluctuated significantly in the past. As a result, we believe that adding back these non-cash charges is useful in evaluating the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis from year-to-year.
•
As a result of varying federal and state income tax rates, we believe that presenting a financial measure that adjusts for provision for income taxes is useful to investors when evaluating the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis from year to year.
•
The authoritative guidance for stock-based compensation requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, restricted stock and stock appreciation rights to be recognized in the income statement based on their estimated fair values over the requisite vesting period. We believe adjusting for this stock-based compensation expense is useful to investors when evaluating the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis from year to year.
•
The authoritative guidance related to business combinations requires the initial recognition of contingent consideration at fair value based upon information known or knowable as of the acquisition date, with subsequent changes in fair value recorded through the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and disallows the capitalization of transaction costs. We believe adjusting for these acquisition related expenses is useful to investors when evaluating the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis from year-to-year.
•
We believe adjusting for litigation settlement expenses that are not expected to reoccur is useful to investors when evaluating the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis from year-to-year.
•
We believe adjusting for business realignment expense is useful to investors when evaluating the operating performance of our business on a consistent basis from year-to-year, as these expenses are outside our ordinary course of business.
•
We believe isolating non-cash charges, such as amortization and depreciation, and other items, such as impairment costs incurred outside our ordinary course of business, provides additional information about our cost structure, and, over time, helps track our performance.
•
We believe Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA are important indicators of our operational strength and the performance of our business because they provide a link between profitability and operating cash flow.
•
We also believe that analysts and investors use Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA as supplemental measures to evaluate the overall operating performance of companies in our industry.

Our management uses Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA:

•
as measurements of operating performance because they assist us in comparing our operating performance on a consistent basis as they remove the impact of items not directly resulting from our core operations;
•
for planning purposes, including the preparation of our internal annual operating budget;
•
to allocate resources to enhance the financial performance of our business;
•
to evaluate the effectiveness of our operational strategies; and
•
to evaluate our capacity to fund capital expenditures and expand our business.

Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA as calculated by us are not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. In addition, Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA: (a) do not represent net income or cash flows from operating activities as defined by GAAP; (b) are not necessarily indicative of cash available to fund our cash flow needs; and (c) should not be considered as alternatives to net income, income from operations, cash provided by (used in) operating activities, or our other financial information as determined under GAAP.

We prepare Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA by eliminating from Non-GAAP EBITDA the impact of items that we do not consider indicative of our core operating performance. You are encouraged to evaluate these adjustments and the reasons we consider them appropriate for supplemental analysis. As an analytical tool, Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA is subject to all of the limitations applicable to Non-GAAP EBITDA. Our presentation of Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an implication that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items.

The table below reconciles Net income to Non-GAAP EBITDA and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA for the periods presented.

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| Three Months Ended December 31, |
| 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
Net income | $ | 5,810 |  |  | $ | 1,907 |
Interest and other income, net 1 |  | (1,151 | ) |  |  | (1,141 | )
Provision for income taxes |  | 2,380 |  |  |  | 881 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 2,516 |  |  |  | 2,904 |
EBITDA | $ | 9,555 |  |  | $ | 4,551 |
Stock compensation expense |  | 3,431 |  |  |  | 2,249 |
Acquisition-related costs 2 |  | 68 |  |  |  | 451 |
Business realignment expenses 3,4 |  | 55 |  |  |  | — |
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 13,109 |  |  | $ | 7,251 |

1 Interest and other income, net excludes non-services pension and other postretirement expense (benefit).

2 Acquisition-related costs are included in Other operating expenses, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our operational cash needs primarily relate to working capital, including staffing costs, technology expenses, leases of real estate, and equipment used in our operations, and capital used for inventory purchases, which we have funded through existing cash balances and cash generated from operations. The Company has not paid a dividend historically, nor do we have any intention to do so in the foreseeable future. From time to time, we may use our capital resources for other activities, such as contract start-up costs, joint ventures, share repurchases and acquisitions. As of December 31, 2024, we had $128.7 million in Cash and cash equivalents and $10.4 million in Short-term investments, which we believe is sufficient to meet the Company’s anticipated cash needs for at least one year from the date of these financial statements.

The Company accepts multiple forms of payment including payment cards, bank transfers, and other merchant account providers. Generally, we require receipt of payment prior to shipment or buyer-arranged pick-up at the point of sale, which minimizes our collection risk on those transactions. However, for a limited number of financially qualified buyers, we may from time-to-time extend credit for certain large purchases with negotiated payment periods. Credit terms commonly require payment to be made within 30 days, but where commercial terms or market conditions warrant these payment terms may be extended for up to six months. As a result, our consolidated accounts receivable balances are typically a small component of our overall financial position but may, at times, be concentrated among a small number of such buyers. These buyers are not considered to be "major customers" of Liquidity Services which would otherwise be subject to additional disclosure requirements. Collection risk from and credit exposure to these financially qualified buyers is regularly reviewed by management and adjusted as needed.

We intend to indefinitely reinvest the earnings of our foreign subsidiaries outside the United States. As a result, we did not record a provision for deferred U.S. tax expense on the $9.8 million of undistributed foreign earnings as of December 31, 2024. A total of $24.4 million of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments was held out of the U.S. as of December 31, 2024. These amounts are not currently considered in our evaluation of near-term liquidity needs in the U.S. due to the potential for adverse tax consequences upon repatriation.

Capital Expenditures

Our capital expenditures consist primarily of capitalized software, warehouse equipment, computers and purchased software, office equipment, furniture and fixtures, and leasehold improvements. The timing and volume of such capital expenditures in the future will be affected by the addition of new sellers or buyers or expansion of existing seller or buyer relationships. We intend to fund those expenditures primarily from our existing cash balances and operating cash flows. Our capital expenditures for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, were $1.8 million and $1.7 million, respectively. This increase was primarily driven by enhancements to our platforms and marketplaces. As of December 31, 2024, we had no significant outstanding commitments for capital expenditures.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors including our rate of revenue growth, the timing and extent of spending to support development efforts, the expansion of sales and marketing activities, the development and deployment of new marketplaces, the introduction of new value-added services and the costs to expand our network of warehouses. We may seek to enter agreements with respect to potential investments in, or acquisitions of, complementary businesses, products or technologies, which could also require us to seek additional equity or debt financing. The sale of additional equity securities or convertible debt securities would result in additional dilution to our stockholders. Additional debt would result in increased interest expense and could result in covenants that would restrict our operations. There is no assurance that such financing, if required, will be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

Credit Agreement

The Company maintains a $25.0 million Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Associated (the Credit Agreement). During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the maturity date by 12 months to March 31, 2025 (the First Amendment). During the six months ended March 31, 2024, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the maturity date by an additional 12 months to March 31, 2026 (the Second Amendment). No other changes, including regarding the borrowing terms or capacities, were made to the Credit Agreement as a result of the First Amendment or the Second Amendment.

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The Company may draw upon the Credit Agreement for general corporate purposes. Repayments of any borrowings under the Credit Agreement shall become available for redraw at any time by the Company. The interest rate on borrowings under the Credit Agreement is a variable rate per annum equal to the Daily Simple Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) in effect plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.75%. Interest is payable monthly. During the three months ended December 31, 2024, the Company did not make any draws under the Line of Credit, had no outstanding borrowings under the Line of Credit and had $7.5 million of standby letters of credit outstanding. The amount of standby letters of credit are reserved against the Line of Credit and are not available for borrowing, resulting in $17.5 million of remaining borrowing capacity under the Line of Credit as of December 31, 2024.

The obligations under the Credit Agreement are unconditionally guaranteed by us and each of our existing and subsequently acquired or organized domestic subsidiaries and secured on a first priority basis by a security interest (subject to permitted liens) in substantially all assets owned by us, and each of our other domestic subsidiaries, subject to limited exceptions. The Credit Agreement contains certain financial and non-financial restrictive covenants including, among others, the requirement to maintain a minimum level of earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA). The Credit Agreement contains a number of affirmative and restrictive covenants including limitations on mergers, consolidations and dissolutions, investments and acquisitions, indebtedness and liens, and dividends and other restricted payments. As of December 31, 2024, the Company was in full compliance with the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement.

Other Uses of Capital Resources

Marketplace and Support System Innovations. We regularly invest in new solutions and enhancements to our marketplace platforms, including capabilities and tools for product recommendations, behavioral marketing, analytics, payment optimization, and leveraging advanced digital capabilities such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning.

Share Repurchases. From time to time, we have been authorized to repurchase issued and outstanding shares of our common stock under a share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors. Share repurchases may be made through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, at times and in such amounts as management deems appropriate. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors including price, corporate and regulatory requirements and other market conditions. The repurchase program may be discontinued or suspended at any time and will be funded using our available cash.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $7.6 million of remaining authorization to repurchase shares through December 31, 2025. On December 9, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $10.0 million of the Company's outstanding shares of common stock through December 31, 2026.

The Company made no repurchases during the three months ended December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $17.6 million of remaining authorization to repurchase shares through December 31, 2026.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. We do not have any transactions, agreements or other contractual arrangements that could be considered material off-balance sheet arrangements.

Changes in Cash Flows: Three Months Ended December 31, 2024, Compared to the Three Months Ended December 31, 2023

Net cash used in operating activities was $12.1 million and $8.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The $3.2 million increase in cash used in operating activities between periods was primarily attributable to an $11.8 million decrease in cash inflows associated with Accounts receivable primarily due to qualified buyers with credit terms transacting in our expanded purchase program volumes in our RSCG segment. This was partially offset by a $5.6 million increase in our Net income as adjusted for non-cash items, and a $2.2 million decrease in cash outflows associated with Prepaid expenses from the return of a commercial contract deposit.

Our working capital accounts are subject to natural variations depending on the rate of change of our transaction volumes, the timing of cash receipts and payments, and variations in our transaction volumes related to settlements between our buyers and sellers. RSCG's expanded purchase program volumes may cause operating cash flow fluctuations from Accounts receivable, Accounts payable and Inventory to increase. As GovDeals real estate sales with settlement services increase, operating cash flow fluctuations from Accounts payable and Payables to sellers may become more variable. The amount of cash received and settled will be substantially higher than our take-rate on such transactions, and the timing of auction events, cash collection period, and payment of settlements relative to period end dates can potentially drive substantial cash movements to the extent the timing of such activities cross fiscal periods. We are also expecting to begin increasing our payments for US federal income taxes in fiscal 2025 as our remaining net operating loss carryforwards are used. There have been no other significant changes to the working capital requirements for the Company.

Net cash used in investing activities was $10.4 million and $2.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The $8.3 million increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily driven by an $8.3 million increase in the purchase of short-term investments during the three months ended December 31, 2024.

Net cash used in financing activities was $0.9 million and $1.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The $0.4 million decrease in cash used in financing activities was primarily driven by a $1.1 million decrease in share repurchases, partially offset by a $0.7 million increase in taxes paid associated with the net settlement of stock compensation awards.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest rate sensitivity. Our investment policy requires us to invest funds in excess of current operating requirements. The principal objectives of our investment activities are to preserve principal, provide liquidity, and maximize income consistent with minimizing risk of material loss. As of December 31, 2024, we hold cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments that are subject to varying interest rates based upon their maturities. A hypothetical 100 basis point decline in interest rates would impact our pre-tax earnings by less than $1.0 million on an annualized basis.

As of December 31, 2024, we do not have any debt; however, should the Company draw on our Line of Credit in the future, such draw would incur interest as determined by the Daily Simple Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) in effect plus a margin ranging from 1.25% to 1.75%.

Exchange rate sensitivity. Because of the number of countries and currencies we operate in, movements in currency exchange rates may affect our results. We report our operating results and financial condition in U.S. dollars. Our U.S. operations earn revenues and incur expenses primarily in U.S. dollars.

Outside the United States, we generate revenues and incur expenses in both U.S. dollars and local currencies. Our primary foreign exchange exposures include British Pounds, Canadian Dollars, Chinese Yuan, Euros, and Hong Kong Dollars. When we translate the results and net assets of our international operations into U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes, movements in exchange rates will affect our reported results. Volatile market conditions arising from ongoing macroeconomic conditions such as rising interest rates at federal banks, as well as armed and geopolitical conflicts around the world, may result in significant changes in exchange rates, which could affect our results of operations expressed in U.S. dollars. A hypothetical 10% decrease in foreign exchange rates reduce our total expected revenues by approximately 1%. The potential impact on pre-tax earnings would be less as total expected expenses would also decrease.

Item 4. Controls an d Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer), as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

As of December 31, 2024, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and were operating to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and to provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

During the three months ended December 31, 2024, no change occurred in our internal controls over financial reporting that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

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PART II—OTHE R INFORMATION

Item 1. Leg al Proceedings

From time to time, we may become involved in litigation relating to claims arising in the ordinary course of the business. Information regarding the Company's legal proceedings can be found in Note 13 - Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies of the accompanying Notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024. In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors set forth in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. The risks described in our Form 10-K are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securiti es and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

None.

Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

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Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table presents information about our repurchases of common stock during the three months ended December 31, 2024.

Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased(1) |  |  | Average Price Paid Per Share |  |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as a Part of a Publicly Announced Program (in thousands) | ﻿ | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Programs(2) (in millions) |
October 1, 2024 to October 31, 2024 | — |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | $ | 7.6 |
November 1, 2024 to November 30, 2024 | — |  | ﻿ |  |  | ﻿ | — |  | $ | 7.6 |
December 1, 2024 to December 31, 2024 |  | 582 |  | ﻿ | $ | 33.26 |  | ﻿ | — |  | $ | 17.6 |
Total |  | 582 |  | ﻿ | ﻿ |  | ﻿ | — | ﻿ | ﻿ |

1 Separate from the share repurchase program, our stock incentive plans allow for participants to exercise stock options by surrendering shares of common stock equivalent in value to the exercise price due. During the three months ended December 31, 2024, participants surrendered 582 shares of common stock in the exercise of stock options. Any shares surrendered to the Company in this manner are not available for future grant.

2 On December 9, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $10.0 million of the Company’s common stock through December 31, 2026.

From time to time, we have been authorized to repurchase issued and outstanding shares of our common stock under a share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors. Share repurchases may be made through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, at times and in such amounts as management deems appropriate. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors including price, corporate and regulatory requirements and other market conditions. Repurchase programs may be discontinued or suspended at any time and will be funded using our available cash.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $17.6 million of remaining authorization to repurchase shares through December 31, 2026.

Item 5. Oth er Information

On December 16. 2024, the Em El 2007 Irrevocable Trust (the “Trust”) entered into a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement that provides for the sale of 300,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock. The shares of the Company’s Common Stock held by trust are indirectly beneficially owned by and reported on Forms 4 filed with the SEC on behalf of, Jaime Mateus-Tique, a member of the Company’s Board of Directors. The trading arrangement is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act. The duration of the trading arrangement is until the earlier of (1) February 10, 2026, (2) the date on which all transactions under the trading arrangement are completed, or (3) at such time as the trading arrangement is otherwise terminated or expires according to its terms.

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit No. |  | Description
3.1 |  | Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the "Fourth A&R Certificate"), incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Amendment No. 2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-129656), filed with the SEC on January 17, 2006.
3.2 |  | Certificate of Amendment of the Fourth A&R Certificate, incorporated herein by reference to Appendix A to the Company’s Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on January 24, 2023.
3.3 |  | Amended and Restated Byla ws, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 5, 2022.
31.1 |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
31.2 |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
32.1 |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2 |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101 |  | The following materials from the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2024, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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SIGN ATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

| LIQUIDITY SERVICES, INC.
|  | (Registrant)
February 6, 2025 | By: | /s/ William P. Angrick, III
|  | William P. Angrick, III
|  | Chairman of the Board of Directors
|  | and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
February 6, 2025 | By: | /s/ Jorge A. Celaya
|  | Jorge A. Celaya
|  | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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