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Non-Marketable Equity Investments
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Investments Debt And Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Non-Marketable Equity Investments

13. NON-MARKETABLE EQUITY INVESTMENTS

Non-marketable equity investments where the Company is not able to exercise significant influence over the investee are accounted for using the measurement alternative for equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values. ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10), became effective for the Company as of January 1, 2018 and requires equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. The aggregate carrying amount of all non-marketable equity investments was $5.4 million and $2.1 million as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, which carrying value we evaluate for impairment at each reporting period. Cumulatively, the Company has recorded $1.3 million in reductions to the carrying value of non-marketable equity investments due to downward changes in fair value based on observable prices from orderly transactions for similar investments made in the investee. The fair value of non-marketable equity investments is not estimated if there are no identified events or changes in circumstances that may have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of the investment.