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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 28, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
BASIS OF PRESENTATION | BASIS OF PRESENTATION Office Depot, Inc. including its consolidated subsidiaries (“Office Depot” or the “Company”), is a leading provider of business services and supplies, products and technology solutions to small, medium and enterprise businesses, through an integrated business-to-business (“B2B”) distribution platform of 1,295 retail stores, online presence, and dedicated sales professionals and technicians. Through its banner brands Office Depot®, OfficeMax®, CompuCom® and Grand&Toy®, as well as others, the Company offers its customers the tools and resources they need to focus on starting, growing and running their business. The Company’s corporate headquarters is located in Boca Raton, FL, and its primary website is www.officedepot.com. At March 28, 2020, the Company had three reportable segments (or “Divisions”): Business Solutions Division, Retail Division and the CompuCom Division. The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of March 28, 2020, and for the 13-week period ended March 28, 2020 (also referred to as the “first quarter of 2020”) and March 30, 2019 (also referred to as the “first quarter of 2019”) are unaudited. However, in management’s opinion, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary to provide a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. Business acquisitions in 2019 and 2020 are included prospectively from the date of acquisition, thus affecting the comparability of the Company’s financial statements for all periods presented in this report on Form 10-Q. The Company has prepared the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Some information and note disclosures, which would normally be included in comprehensive annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”), have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those SEC rules and regulations. The preparation of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. For a better understanding of the Company and its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company recommends reading these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conjunction with the audited financial statements, which are included in the Company’s 2019 Form 10-K. These interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results that should be expected for the full year.
CORPORATE REORGANIZATION | CORPORATE REORGANIZATION On March 31, 2020, the Board of Directors of the Company approved proceeding with the implementation of a reorganization (the “Reorganization”) of the Company's corporate structure into a holding company structure. When implemented, Office Depot will become a wholly owned subsidiary of a new holding company, The ODP Corporation, which will replace Office Depot as the public company trading on the NASDAQ Stock Market under Office Depot’s current ticker symbol “ODP”. Outstanding shares of Office Depot will be automatically converted into shares of common stock of The ODP Corporation. The holding company reorganization is intended to simplify the Company’s legal entity and tax structure, more closely align the Company’s operating assets to their respective operating channels within the legal entity structure, and increase its operational flexibility. It is not expected to result in a change in the directors, executive officers, management or business of the Company. The Reorganization is intended to be a tax-free transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the Company’s shareholders, and subject to obtaining required approvals or any other intervening developments, is expected to be completed on or about the end of the 13-week period ending June 27, 2020 (also referred to as the “second quarter of 2020”).
CASH MANAGEMENT | CASH MANAGEMENT The cash management process generally utilizes zero balance accounts which provide for the settlement of the related disbursement and cash concentration accounts on a daily basis. Amounts not yet presented for payment to zero balance disbursement accounts of $31 million and $25 million at March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectively, are presented in Trade accounts payable and Accrued expenses and other current liabilities. At March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019, cash and cash equivalents held outside the United States amounted to $187 million and $190 million, respectively. Restricted cash consists primarily of short-term cash deposits having original maturity dates of twelve months or less that serve as collateral to certain of the Company’s letters of credit. Restricted cash is valued at cost, which approximates fair value. At March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019, restricted cash amounted to $2 million and is included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS | NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS Standards that are not yet adopted: Defined benefit plan: In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an accounting standards update that modifies the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. This accounting update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of this new standard and believes the adoption will not have a material impact on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Income Taxes: In December 2019, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions to the guidance related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. The accounting standards update also simplifies aspects of the accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. This accounting update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of this new standard and believes the adoption will not have a material impact on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Standards that were adopted: Financial Instruments – Credit Losses: In June 2016, the FASB issued an accounting standard update that modifies the measurement of expected credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The update changes the accounting for credit impairment by adding an impairment model that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. In July 2018, the FASB approved an amendment to the new guidance that provides transition relief to the adopting entities and allows for an election of the fair value option on certain financial instruments. The Company adopted this accounting standard on the first day of the first quarter of 2020, and recognized a cumulative effect adjustment of $1 million, net of tax, to its accumulated deficit related to increasing the allowance for doubtful accounts within its receivables. The adoption of this new guidance did not result in any other changes and did not have a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Cloud computing arrangements: In August 2018, the FASB issued an accounting standard update that provides guidance regarding the accounting for implementation costs in cloud computing arrangements. The Company adopted this accounting standard update on the first day of the first quarter of 2020 with no material impact on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES REVENUE | PRODUCTS AND SERVICES REVENUE The following table provides information about disaggregated revenue by Division, and major products and services categories.
|  | First Quarter of 2020 |
(In millions) |  | Business Solutions Division |  |  | Retail Division |  |  | CompuCom Division |  |  | Other |  |  | Total |
Major products and services categories |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Supplies |  | $ | 754 |  |  | $ | 420 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 1,176 |
Technology |  |  | 317 |  |  |  | 482 |  |  |  | 63 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 862 |
Furniture and other |  |  | 176 |  |  |  | 122 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 299 |
Services |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Technology |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 169 |  |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | 175 |
Copy, print, and other |  |  | 87 |  |  |  | 123 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 213 |
Total |  | $ | 1,334 |  |  | $ | 1,156 |  |  | $ | 235 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,725 |
|  | First Quarter of 2019 |
(In millions) |  | Business Solutions Division |  |  | Retail Division |  |  | CompuCom Division |  |  | Other |  |  | Total |
Major products and services categories |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Supplies |  | $ | 771 |  |  | $ | 443 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 1,217 |
Technology |  |  | 326 |  |  |  | 485 |  |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 874 |
Furniture and other |  |  | 171 |  |  |  | 98 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 270 |
Services |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Technology |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | 182 |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | 188 |
Copy, print, and other |  |  | 76 |  |  |  | 141 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 220 |
Total |  | $ | 1,344 |  |  | $ | 1,175 |  |  | $ | 247 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 2,769 |
Products revenue includes the sale of:
| • | Supplies such as paper, writing instruments, office supplies, cleaning and breakroom items;
| • | Technology related products such as toner and ink, printers, computers, tablets and accessories, and electronic storage; and
| • | Furniture and other products such as desks, seating, and luggage.
The Company sells its supplies, furniture and other products through its Business Solutions and Retail Divisions, and its technology products through all three Divisions. Customers can purchase products through the Company’s retail stores, electronically through its Internet websites, or through its call centers. Revenues from supplies, technology, and furniture and other product sales are recognized when the customer obtains control of the Company’s product, which occurs at a point in time, typically upon delivery to the customer. Furniture and other products also include arrangements where customers can make special furniture interior design and installation orders that are customized to their needs. The performance obligations related to these arrangements are satisfied over time. Services revenue includes the sale of:
| • | Technology service offerings provided through the Company’s CompuCom Division, such as technology lifecycle management, end user computing and collaboration, service desk, remote technology monitoring and management, and information technology (“IT”) workforce solutions, as well as technology support services offerings provided in the Company’s retail stores, such as installation and repair, and;
| • | Copy, print, and other service offerings such as managed print and fulfillment services, product subscriptions, and sales of third party software, gift cards, warranties, remote support as well as rental income on operating lease arrangements where the Company conveys to its customers the right to use devices and other equipment for a stated period.
The largest offering in the technology service category is end user computing, which provides on-site services to assist corporate end users with their IT needs. Services are either billed on a rate per hour or per user, or on a fixed monthly retainer basis. For the majority of technology service offerings contracts, the Company has the right to invoice the customer for an amount that directly corresponds with the value to the customer of the Company’s performance to date and as such the Company recognizes revenue based on the amount billable to the customer in accordance with the practical expedient provided by the current revenue guidance. Substantially all of the Company’s other service offerings are satisfied at a point in time and revenue is recognized as such. The largest other service offering is copy and print services, which includes printing, copying, and digital imaging. The majority of copy and print services are fulfilled through retail stores and the related performance obligations are satisfied within a short period of time (generally within the same day).
REVENUE RECOGNITION AND SIGNIFICANT JUDGMENTS | REVENUE RECOGNITION AND SIGNIFICANT JUDGMENTS Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products or services to customers for an amount that reflects the consideration the Company is entitled to receive in exchange for those products or services. For product sales, transfer of control occurs at a point in time, typically upon delivery to the customer. For service offerings, the transfer of control and satisfaction of the performance obligation is either over time or at a point in time. When performance obligations are satisfied over time, the Company evaluates the pattern of delivery and progress each reporting period and, if necessary, adjusts the measure of performance and related revenue recognition. Revenue is recognized net of allowance for returns and net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. Shipping and handling costs are considered fulfillment activities and are recognized within the Company’s cost of goods sold. Contracts with customers could include promises to transfer multiple products and services to a customer. Determining whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately versus together may require significant judgment. Determining the standalone selling price also requires judgment. The Company did not have significant revenues generated from such contracts in the first quarters of 2020 and 2019. Products are generally sold with a right of return and the Company may provide other incentives, such as rebates and coupons, which are accounted for as variable consideration when estimating the amount of revenue to recognize. The Company estimates returns and incentives at contract inception and includes the amount in the transaction price for which significant reversal is not probable. These estimates are updated at the end of each reporting period as additional information becomes available. The Company offers a customer loyalty program that provides customers with rewards that can be applied to future purchases or other incentives. Loyalty rewards are accounted for as a separate performance obligation and deferred revenue is recorded in the amount of the transaction price allocated to the rewards, inclusive of the impact of estimated breakage. The estimated breakage of loyalty rewards is based on historical redemption rates experienced under the loyalty program. Revenue is recognized when the loyalty rewards are redeemed or expire. As of March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019, the Company had $7 million and $12 million of deferred revenue related to the loyalty program, respectively, which is included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company recognizes revenue in certain circumstances before product delivery occurs (commonly referred to as bill-and-hold transactions). Revenue from bill-and-hold transactions is recognized when all specific requirements for transfer of control under a bill-and-hold arrangement have been met which include, among other things, a request from the customer that the product be held for future scheduled delivery. For these bill-and-hold arrangements, the associated product inventory is identified separately as belonging to the customer and is ready for physical transfer.
CONTRACT BALANCES | CONTRACT BALANCES The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. A receivable is recognized in the period the Company delivers goods or provides services, and is recorded at the invoiced amount, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. A receivable is also recognized for unbilled services where the Company’s right to consideration is unconditional, and is recorded based on an estimate of time and materials. Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, although terms generally include a requirement of payment within 20 to 60 days. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, the Company has determined that the contracts do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of the Company’s invoicing terms is to provide customers with simplified and predictable ways of purchasing its products and services. The Company receives payments from customers based upon contractual billing schedules. Contract assets include amounts related to deferred contract acquisition costs (refer to the section “Costs to Obtain a Contract” below) and if applicable, the Company’s conditional right to consideration for completed performance under a contract. The short and long-term components of contract assets in the table below are included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and Other assets, respectively, in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Contract liabilities include payments received in advance of performance under the contract, which are recognized as revenue when the performance obligation is completed under the contract, as well as accrued contract acquisition costs, liabilities related to the Company’s loyalty program and gift cards. The short and long-term components of contract liabilities in the table below are included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and Deferred income taxes and other long-term liabilities, respectively, in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers:
|  | March 28, |  |  | December 28, |
(In millions) |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |
Trade receivables, net |  | $ | 646 |  |  | $ | 599 |
Short-term contract assets |  |  | 21 |  |  |  | 23 |
Long-term contract assets |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | 17 |
Short-term contract liabilities |  |  | 44 |  |  |  | 52 |
Long-term contract liabilities |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 1 |
In the first quarters of 2020 and 2019, the Company did not have any contract assets related to conditional rights. The Company recognized revenues of $18 million and $19 million in the first quarters of 2020 and 2019, respectively, which were included in the short-term contract liability balance at the beginning of each respective period. There were no contract assets and liabilities that were recognized in the first quarters of 2020 and 2019 as a result of business combinations. There were no significant adjustments to revenue from performance obligations satisfied in previous periods and there were no contract assets recognized at the beginning of each respective period that transferred to receivables in the first quarters of 2020 and 2019. A majority of the purchase orders and statements of work related to contracts with customers require delivery of the product or service within one year or less. For certain service contracts that exceed one year, the Company recognizes revenue at the amount to which it has the right to invoice for services performed. Accordingly, the Company has applied the optional exemption provided by the new revenue recognition standard relating to unsatisfied performance obligations and does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for its contracts.
COSTS TO OBTAIN A CONTRACT | COSTS TO OBTAIN A CONTRACT The Company recognizes an asset for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if it expects the benefit of those costs to be longer than one year. The Company has determined that certain rebate incentive programs meet the requirements to be capitalized. These costs are periodically reviewed for impairment, and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected period of benefit. As of both March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019, capitalized acquisition costs amounted to $40 million and are reflected in short-term contract assets and long-term contract assets in the table above. In the first quarters of 2020 and 2019, amortization expense was $7 million and $9 million, respectively. The Company had no asset impairment charges related to contract assets in the periods presented herein. T here is uncertainty regarding the impacts of COVID-19, the novel coronavirus disease that has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020, on the global and national economies, which could negatively affect our customers and result in future impairments of contract assets.

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