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INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Investments in and Advance to Affiliates, Subsidiaries, Associates, and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
6. INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
 
The components of the Company's investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries were as follows:
 
(dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Investments in low income housing tax credit partnerships
$
15,228

 
$
11,603

Investments in common securities of statutory trusts
1,547

 
2,169

Investments in affiliates
172

 
182

Other
54

 
54

Total
$
17,001

 
$
14,008


 
The Company invests in low-income housing tax credit ("LIHTC") partnerships. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had $11.7 million and $8.3 million, respectively, in unfunded commitments related to the LIHTC partnerships. The expected payments for the unfunded commitments as of September 30, 2019 for the remainder of fiscal year 2019, the next five succeeding fiscal years and all years thereafter are as follows (dollars in thousands):

Year Ending December 31,
 
2019 (remainder)
$
3,669

2020
3,466

2021
1,494

2022
3,010

2023
10

2024
26

Thereafter
49

Total unfunded commitments
$
11,724


Prior to 2018, the Company's investments in LIHTC partnerships were accounted for using the cost method. In 2018, the Company voluntarily changed its accounting policy for LIHTC partnerships from the cost method to the proportional amortization method using the practical expedient available under ASC 323, "Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures", which permits an investor to amortize the initial cost of the investment in proportion to only the tax credits allocated to the investor. The Company believes the proportional amortization method is preferable because it better reflects the economics of an investment that is made for the primary purpose of receiving tax credits and other tax benefits. In addition to a change in the timing of the recognition of amortization expense on LIHTC investments, amortization expense on LIHTC investments is now reflected in the income tax expense line, which provides users a better understanding of the nature of the returns of such investments, instead of in other operating expenses on the consolidated statements of income.

The following table presents amortization and tax credits recognized associated with our investments in LIHTC partnerships for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018:

(dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2018
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2019
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2018
Proportional amortization method:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization expense recognized in income tax expense
$
259

 
$
114

 
$
776

 
$
341

Tax credits recognized in income tax expense
307

 
152

 
922

 
457