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LOANS AND CREDIT QUALITY
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2022
Receivables [Abstract]  
LOANS AND CREDIT QUALITY
4. LOANS AND CREDIT QUALITY

The following table presents loans by class, excluding loans held for sale, net of ACL as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

(dollars in thousands)March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Commercial, financial and agricultural:
Small Business Administration Paycheck Protection Program$1,883 $2,654 
Other555,508 544,495 
Real estate:
Construction182,091 167,366 
Residential mortgage1,940,639 1,940,456 
Home equity741,894 737,386 
Commercial mortgage1,363,507 1,364,998 
Consumer772,424 798,957 
Gross loans5,557,946 5,556,312 
Net deferred fees(549)(846)
Total loans, net of deferred fees and costs5,557,397 5,555,466 
Allowance for credit losses(63,099)(63,738)
Total loans, net of allowance for credit losses$5,494,298 $5,491,728 

The Company did not transfer any loans to the held-for-sale category during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

The Company did not sell any loans originally held for investment during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any loans categorized as purchased credit deteriorated, or "PCD".

The following table presents loans purchased by class during the periods presented:

(dollars in thousands)U.S. Mainland Consumer - UnsecuredU.S. Mainland Consumer - AutomobileTotal
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Purchases:
Outstanding balance$3,780 $15,159 $18,939 
(Discount) premium— 568 568 
Purchase price$3,780 $15,727 $19,507 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Purchases:
Outstanding balance$48,142 $34,024 $82,166 
(Discount) premium(4,367)1,914 (2,453)
Purchase price$43,775 $35,938 $79,713 
Note: Purchases of unsecured consumer loans were made under forward flow purchase agreements.
Troubled Debt Restructurings Prior to the Adoption of ASU 2022-02

Prior to our adoption of ASU 2022-02, we accounted for a modification to the contractual terms of a loan that resulted in granting a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties as a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR").

Loans identified as TDRs prior to our adoption of ASU 2022-02 included in nonperforming assets at March 31, 2023 consisted of five Hawaii loans with a principal balance of $1.1 million. There were $2.3 million of loans identified as TDRs prior to our adoption of ASU 2022-02 that were still accruing interest at March 31, 2023, none of which were more than 90 days delinquent. At December 31, 2022, there were $2.8 million of loans identified as TDRs prior to our adoption of ASU 2022-02 that were still accruing interest, none of which were more than 90 days delinquent.

The Company offered various types of concessions when modifying a loan. Concessions made to the original contractual terms of the loan typically consisted of the deferral of interest and/or principal payments due to deterioration in the borrowers' financial condition. In these cases, the principal balance on the TDR had matured and/or was in default at the time of restructure, and there were no commitments to lend additional funds to the borrower during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company did not modify any loans as a TDR prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02.
No loans were modified as a TDR prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02 within the previous twelve months that subsequently defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
Credit Quality Indicators

The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans by credit risk. This analysis includes non-homogeneous loans, such as commercial and commercial real estate loans. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. The Company uses the following definitions for risk rating of loans. Loans that do not meet the following criteria that are analyzed individually as part of the described process are considered to be pass-rated loans.

Special Mention. Loans classified as special mention, while still adequately protected by the borrower's capital adequacy and payment capability, exhibit distinct weakening trends and/or elevated levels of exposure to external conditions. If left unchecked or uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deteriorated prospects of repayment. These exposures require management's close attention so as to avoid becoming undue or unwarranted credit exposures.

Substandard. Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the borrower's current financial condition and payment capability or of the collateral pledged, if any. These loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly repayment of debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
Doubtful. Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, and in addition have weaknesses that make collection or orderly repayment in full on the basis of current existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Although the possibility of loss is extremely high, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until a more exact status may be determined due to certain important and reasonably specific factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the exposure.

Loss. Loans classified as loss are considered to be non-collectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This does not mean the loan has absolutely no recovery value, but rather it is neither practical nor desirable to defer writing off the loan, even though partial recovery may be obtained in the future. Losses are taken in the period in which they surface as uncollectible.
The following tables present the amortized cost basis of the Company's loans by class, credit quality indicator and origination year as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Revolving loans converted to term as of and during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were not material to the total loan portfolio. In addition, the following table includes gross charge-offs of loans by origination year in the three months ended March 31, 2023.

(dollars in thousands)Amortized Cost of Term Loans by Year of OriginationAmortized Cost of Revolving Loans
March 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorTotal
Commercial, financial and agricultural - SBA PPP:
Risk Rating
Pass$— $— $— $1,813 $8 $— $— $1,821 
Subtotal— — — 1,813 8 — — 1,821 
Commercial, financial and agricultural - Other:
Risk Rating
Pass15,746 90,848 99,502 39,021 55,061 167,248 76,550 543,976 
Special Mention— 1,025 326 158 866 3 — 2,378 
Substandard— 198 191 786 223 7,213 99 8,710 
Subtotal15,746 92,071 100,019 39,965 56,150 174,464 76,649 555,064 
Construction:
Risk Rating
Pass— 43,148 67,495 17,634 2,363 31,741 13,141 175,522 
Substandard— — 5,264 — 688 — — 5,952 
Subtotal— 43,148 72,759 17,634 3,051 31,741 13,141 181,474 
Residential mortgage:
Risk Rating
Pass27,065 276,052 631,544 430,081 153,042 419,060 — 1,936,844 
Substandard— — — 941 — 3,445 — 4,386 
Subtotal27,065 276,052 631,544 431,022 153,042 422,505 — 1,941,230 
Home equity:
Risk Rating
Pass2,621 34,091 22,823 10,251 7,066 19,154 647,191 743,197 
Substandard— — — — 73 638 — 711 
Subtotal2,621 34,091 22,823 10,251 7,139 19,792 647,191 743,908 
Commercial mortgage:
Risk Rating
Pass6,236 235,341 207,258 118,627 115,426 623,358 8,915 1,315,161 
Special Mention— — — — 11,169 13,174 — 24,343 
Substandard— — 10,140 — 1,691 10,297 — 22,128 
Subtotal6,236 235,341 217,398 118,627 128,286 646,829 8,915 1,361,632 
Consumer:
Risk Rating
Pass22,455 347,894 226,217 52,531 44,247 24,122 52,079 769,545 
Substandard— 77 365 119 144 834 1 1,540 
Loss— — — — — 1,183 — 1,183 
Subtotal22,455 347,971 226,582 52,650 44,391 26,139 52,080 772,268 
Total$74,123 $1,028,674 $1,271,125 $671,962 $392,067 $1,321,470 $797,976 $5,557,397 
(dollars in thousands)Gross Charge-Offs by Year of OriginationAmortized Cost of Revolving Loans
Three Months Ended March 31, 202320232022202120202019PriorTotal
Commercial, financial and agricultural:
Other$— $144 $32 $— $191 $412 $— $779 
Consumer— 904 1,186 200 180 216 — 2,686 
Year-to-date gross charge-offs$— $1,048 $1,218 $200 $371 $628 $— $3,465 

(dollars in thousands)Amortized Cost of Term Loans by Year of OriginationAmortized Cost of Revolving Loans
December 31, 202220222021202020192018PriorTotal
Commercial, financial and agricultural - SBA PPP:
Risk Rating
Pass$— $2,546 $9 $— $— $— $— $2,555 
Subtotal— 2,546 9 — — — — 2,555 
Commercial, financial and agricultural - Other:
Risk Rating
Pass77,550 101,595 41,358 53,241 39,106 141,950 76,466 531,266 
Special Mention2,206 350 172 1,011 29 — 99 3,867 
Substandard188 176 833 256 116 7,215 30 8,814 
Subtotal79,944 102,121 42,363 54,508 39,251 149,165 76,595 543,947 
Construction:
Risk Rating
Pass25,663 61,027 23,384 2,387 14,309 18,048 15,044 159,862 
Special Mention— 417 — — 898 — — 1,315 
Substandard— 4,850 — 696 — — — 5,546 
Subtotal25,663 66,294 23,384 3,083 15,207 18,048 15,044 166,723 
Residential mortgage:
Risk Rating
Pass279,146 636,756 434,928 154,906 58,431 371,517 — 1,935,684 
Substandard— — 948 — 503 3,864 — 5,315 
Subtotal279,146 636,756 435,876 154,906 58,934 375,381 — 1,940,999 
Home equity:
Risk Rating
Pass34,973 23,772 10,520 7,463 6,880 11,727 643,277 738,612 
Special Mention— — — — — — 198 198 
Substandard— — — — 78 453 39 570 
Subtotal34,973 23,772 10,520 7,463 6,958 12,180 643,514 739,380 
Commercial mortgage:
Risk Rating
Pass226,137 208,230 119,531 129,950 145,932 472,267 11,473 1,313,520 
Special Mention— — — 11,388 — 16,082 — 27,470 
Substandard— 10,149 — 1,700 2,133 8,103 — 22,085 
Consumer:
Risk Rating
Pass358,609 242,942 59,352 50,899 20,065 10,958 54,038 796,863 
Special Mention— — — 113 — — — 113 
Substandard1 261 91 126 42 790 — 1,311 
Loss— — — — — 500 — 500 
Subtotal358,610 243,203 59,443 51,138 20,107 12,248 54,038 798,787 
Total$1,004,473 $1,293,071 $691,126 $414,136 $288,522 $1,063,474 $800,664 $5,555,466