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Segment reporting - Consolidated income statements (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Dec. 31, 2016
Profit (loss) [abstract]      
Sales $ 2,274,038 $ 1,741,693 [1] $ 1,576,037 [1]
Cost of sales (1,447,354) (1,043,395) [1] (1,043,412) [1]
Other operating income 46,037 18,199 [1] 26,215 [1]
Staff costs (341,064) (301,963) [1] (296,399) [1]
Other operating expense (283,930) (239,926) [1] (243,946) [1]
Depreciation and amortization charges, operating allowances and write-downs (119,137) (104,529) [1] (125,677) [1]
Impairment losses (58,919) (30,957) [1] (268,089) [1]
Net gain due to changes in the value of assets (7,623) 7,504 [1] 1,891 [1]
(Loss) gain on disposal of non-current assets 14,564 (4,316) [1] 340 [1]
Other (loss) gain 40,142 (2,613) [1] (40) [1]
Operating profit (loss) 116,754 39,697 [1] (373,080) [1]
Finance income 5,374 3,708 [1] 1,536 [1]
Finance costs (62,022) (65,412) [1] (30,251) [1]
Financial derivative gain (loss) 2,838 (6,850) [1]  
Exchange differences (14,136) 8,214 [1] (3,513) [1]
Profit (loss) before tax 48,808 (20,643) [1] (405,308) [1]
Income tax (expense) benefit (24,235) 14,821 [1] 46,695 [1]
Profit (loss) for the year 24,573 (5,822) [1] (358,613) [1]
Loss (profit) attributable to non-controlling interests 19,088 5,144 [1] 20,186 [1]
Profit (loss) attributable to the Parent 43,661 (678) [1] (338,427) [1]
Eliminations      
Profit (loss) [abstract]      
Sales (187,305) (65,353) (127,199)
Cost of sales 187,212 65,650 132,904
Other operating income (19,002) (15,670) (8,190)
Staff costs   (220) 239
Other operating expense 19,095 16,158 5,727
Depreciation and amortization charges, operating allowances and write-downs   9 (2,867)
Impairment losses   (16) (6,617)
Net gain due to changes in the value of assets   282 (5)
(Loss) gain on disposal of non-current assets   57 (127)
Other (loss) gain   13,616 35,129
Operating profit (loss)   14,513 28,994
Finance income (39,220) (195,138) (17,399)
Finance costs 39,220 35,108 9,205
Exchange differences   (66) (57)
Profit (loss) before tax   (145,583) 20,743
Income tax (expense) benefit   (294) 2,625
Profit (loss) for the year   (145,877) 23,368
Loss (profit) attributable to non-controlling interests   (24) 1,552
Profit (loss) attributable to the Parent   (145,901) 24,920
Electrometallurgy - North America      
Profit (loss) [abstract]      
Sales 710,716 541,143 521,192
Cost of sales (394,044) (303,096) (325,254)
Other operating income 4,943 2,701 362
Staff costs (115,555) (90,802) (82,032)
Other operating expense (77,670) (68,537) (64,606)
Depreciation and amortization charges, operating allowances and write-downs (69,009) (66,789) (73,530)
Impairment losses   (30,618) (193,000)
(Loss) gain on disposal of non-current assets (208) (3,718)  
Operating profit (loss) 59,173 (19,716) (216,868)
Finance income 804 448 1
Finance costs (4,109) (4,567) (3,249)
Exchange differences (1,194) (191) (438)
Profit (loss) before tax 54,674 (24,026) (220,554)
Income tax (expense) benefit 4,949 29,386 9,982
Profit (loss) for the year 59,623 5,360 (210,572)
Loss (profit) attributable to non-controlling interests 4,785 4,734 6,044
Profit (loss) attributable to the Parent 64,408 10,094 (204,528)
Electrometallurgy - Europe      
Profit (loss) [abstract]      
Sales 1,447,973 1,083,200 949,547
Cost of sales (1,059,474) (690,589) (672,026)
Other operating income 39,817 12,681 25,908
Staff costs (177,047) (147,595) (132,440)
Other operating expense (146,143) (107,130) (118,269)
Depreciation and amortization charges, operating allowances and write-downs (34,974) (27,404) (31,730)
Impairment losses     (1,077)
Net gain due to changes in the value of assets (7)    
(Loss) gain on disposal of non-current assets (8,369) 301  
Other (loss) gain 40,142 (13,604) (32,655)
Operating profit (loss) 101,918 109,860 (12,742)
Finance income 11,035 6,733 11,551
Finance costs (40,831) (40,106) (16,540)
Exchange differences (10,561) 5,938 2,436
Profit (loss) before tax 61,561 82,425 (15,295)
Income tax (expense) benefit (15,048) (26,031) (10,505)
Profit (loss) for the year 46,513 56,394 (25,800)
Loss (profit) attributable to non-controlling interests (332) (370) (93)
Profit (loss) attributable to the Parent 46,181 56,024 (25,893)
Electrometallurgy - South Africa      
Profit (loss) [abstract]      
Sales 208,543 122,504 142,160
Cost of sales (137,177) (81,744) (99,124)
Other operating income 3,420 2,868 3,422
Staff costs (23,735) (23,495) (23,589)
Other operating expense (26,353) (24,462) (28,834)
Depreciation and amortization charges, operating allowances and write-downs (5,526) (5,788) (4,732)
Impairment losses     (8,147)
Net gain due to changes in the value of assets (7,616) 7,222 1,896
(Loss) gain on disposal of non-current assets (261) (138) 21
Operating profit (loss) 11,295 (3,033) (16,927)
Finance income 199 404 744
Finance costs (5,298) (7,361) (6,038)
Exchange differences 2,284 (1,197) (2,164)
Profit (loss) before tax 8,480 (11,187) (24,385)
Income tax (expense) benefit (3,582) 2,068 4,433
Profit (loss) for the year 4,898 (9,119) (19,952)
Loss (profit) attributable to non-controlling interests 358 (147) 856
Profit (loss) attributable to the Parent 5,256 (9,266) (19,096)
Other segments      
Profit (loss) [abstract]      
Sales 94,111 60,199 90,337
Cost of sales (43,871) (33,616) (79,912)
Other operating income 16,859 15,619 4,713
Staff costs (24,727) (39,851) (58,577)
Other operating expense (52,859) (55,955) (37,964)
Depreciation and amortization charges, operating allowances and write-downs (9,628) (4,557) (12,818)
Impairment losses (58,919) (323) (59,248)
(Loss) gain on disposal of non-current assets 23,402 (818) 446
Other (loss) gain   (2,625) (2,514)
Operating profit (loss) (55,632) (61,927) (155,537)
Finance income 32,556 191,261 6,639
Finance costs (51,004) (48,486) (13,629)
Financial derivative gain (loss) 2,838 (6,850)  
Exchange differences (4,665) 3,730 (3,290)
Profit (loss) before tax (75,907) 77,728 (165,817)
Income tax (expense) benefit (10,554) 9,692 40,160
Profit (loss) for the year (86,461) 87,420 (125,657)
Loss (profit) attributable to non-controlling interests 14,277 951 11,827
Profit (loss) attributable to the Parent $ (72,184) $ 88,371 $ (113,830)
[1] The amounts for 2016 have been re-presented to show the results of the Spanish energy business within profit (loss) from continuing operations, as described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements.