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Income Taxes | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes The Company or one of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various states and Canada. With a few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or Canadian examinations by tax authorities for years before 2015. The provision for income taxes by location of the taxing jurisdiction for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 consisted of the following:
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  |  |
Current: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | 46,999 |  |  | $ | 29,533 |  |  | $ | 11,914 |  |  |  |  |
State | 12,962 |  |  | 7,918 |  |  | 3,907 |  |  |  |  |
| 59,961 |  |  | 37,451 |  |  | 15,821 |  |  |  |  |
Deferred: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal | 6,317 |  |  | 209 |  |  | 922 |  |  |  |  |
State | 1,369 |  |  | 1,212 |  |  | (150) |  |  |  |  |
| 7,686 |  |  | 1,421 |  |  | 772 |  |  |  |  |
| $ | 67,647 |  |  | $ | 38,872 |  |  | $ | 16,593 |  |  |  |  |
A reconciliation of income taxes computed at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate (21.0% for 2022, 2021 and 2020) to the provision for income taxes reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  |  |
Tax expense at the statutory rate | $ | 54,776 |  |  | $ | 32,542 |  |  | $ | 14,566 |  |  |  |  |
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit | 11,035 |  |  | 7,448 |  |  | 2,602 |  |  |  |  |
Share-based compensation | (840) |  |  | (933) |  |  | (298) |  |  |  |  |
Other permanent differences | (30) |  |  | 31 |  |  | 48 |  |  |  |  |
Non-deductible compensation | 1,435 |  |  | 293 |  |  | 751 |  |  |  |  |
Change in income tax contingency reserves | — |  |  | (260) |  |  | (400) |  |  |  |  |
Federal income tax credits | (107) |  |  | (76) |  |  | (37) |  |  |  |  |
Other | 1,378 |  |  | (173) |  |  | (639) |  |  |  |  |
| $ | 67,647 |  |  | $ | 38,872 |  |  | $ | 16,593 |  |  |  |  |
The significant components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:
| December 31, 2022 |  | December 31, 2021 |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accrued expenses | $ | 13,743 |  |  | $ | 14,837 |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | 822 |  |  | 839 |  |  |  |  |
Operating lease liabilities | 37,599 |  |  | 37,967 |  |  |  |  |
Share-based compensation | 4,458 |  |  | 3,769 |  |  |  |  |
Accruals for income tax contingencies | 141 |  |  | 154 |  |  |  |  |
Capital loss carryforwards | 4,253 |  |  | 4,230 |  |  |  |  |
Net operating loss carryforwards | 645 |  |  | 647 |  |  |  |  |
Total gross deferred tax assets | 61,661 |  |  | 62,443 |  |  |  |  |
Valuation allowance | (4,648) |  |  | (4,625) |  |  |  |  |
Total net deferred tax assets | 57,013 |  |  | 57,818 |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tax over book depreciation | 32,888 |  |  | 27,880 |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid expenses | 6,600 |  |  | 5,615 |  |  |  |  |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 36,600 |  |  | 38,010 |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill | 23,681 |  |  | 20,502 |  |  |  |  |
Intangible assets | 8,337 |  |  | 9,218 |  |  |  |  |
Total deferred tax liabilities | 108,106 |  |  | 101,225 |  |  |  |  |
Net deferred tax liabilities | $ | (51,093) |  |  | $ | (43,407) |  |  |  |  |
The Company paid income taxes, net of refunds, of $65,388, $35,766 and $13,463 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The sale of Pool resulted in a capital loss in the amount of $4,253, which expires in 2026. The Company concluded that it was more likely than not that the capital loss carryforward will not be realized and therefore, established a valuation allowance of $4,253 to reserve against its capital loss carryforward. The Company also maintains a valuation allowance to reserve against its state net operating loss carryforwards of $395. A valuation allowance is established when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company assessed the likelihood that its deferred tax assets would be recovered from estimated future taxable income and available tax planning strategies. In making this assessment, all available evidence was considered including economic climate, as well as reasonable tax planning strategies. The Company believes it is more likely than not that it will realize its remaining net deferred tax assets, net of the valuation allowance, in future years. As a result of the Towne acquisition, the Company had approximately $2,000 of federal net operating losses which the Company fully utilized in 2020. As of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 the Company had state net operating loss carryforwards of $13,574, $13,819 and $16,926, respectively, that expire between 2022 and 2033. The state net operating loss carryforwards are limited to the future taxable income of separate legal entities. There was no change in the valuation allowance for the state net operating loss carryforwards in 2022, 2021 and 2020. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of and during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:
Balance at December 31, 2020 | $ | 544 |
Reductions for settlement with state taxing authorities | (326) |
Additions for tax positions of current year | 23 |
Balance at December 31, 2021 | 241 |
Reductions for settlement with state taxing authorities | (66) |
Additions for tax positions of current year | 23 |
Balance at December 31, 2022 | $ | 198 |
The Company recognizes income tax benefits from uncertain tax positions where the realization of the ultimate benefit is uncertain. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had $198 and $241, respectively, of unrecognized income tax benefits, all of which would affect the Company’s effective tax rate if recognized. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits of $85 and $88, respectively. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in “Interest expense, net” and “Other operating expenses”, respectively.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32857-109319 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.C) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330215-122817 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 17 -Subparagraph (b) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32809-109319 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.5.Q1) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330036-122817 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 14 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32705-109319 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 270 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424409&loc=d3e44925-109338 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144680 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 30 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (a) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424122&loc=d3e41874-109331 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(2)) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690 + Details
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