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Property, plant and equipment - Changes in Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | $ 1,493,220 | [1] | $ 1,480,439 |
Exchange differences | (181,077) |  | (54,536) |
Additions | 169,290 |  | 262,151 |
Revaluation surplus | 41,490 |  | (42,384) |
Acquisition of subsidiaries |  |  | 30,658 |
Reclassification from investment property | 3,127 |  | 4,816 |
Transfers | 0 |  | 0 |
Disposals | 13,320 |  | 3,518 |
Disposals of subsidiaries | (13,496) |  | (10,972) |
Reclassification to non-income tax credits | (363) |  | (226) |
Depreciation | (140,579) |  | (173,208) |
Closing net book amount | 1,358,292 |  | 1,493,220 | [1]
Cost |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 2,615,348 |  | 2,429,359 |
Closing net book amount | 2,620,999 |  | 2,615,348 |
Accumulated amortization |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | (1,122,128) |  | (948,920) |
Closing net book amount | (1,262,707) |  | (1,122,128) |
Farmlands |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 709,585 |  | 780,184 |
Exchange differences | (36,422) |  | (25,205) |
Additions | 0 |  | 1,738 |
Revaluation surplus | 41,490 |  | (42,384) |
Acquisition of subsidiaries |  |  | 815 |
Reclassification from investment property | 0 |  | 4,816 |
Transfers | 3,127 |  | 0 |
Disposals | 0 |  | 0 |
Disposals of subsidiaries | (10,118) |  | (10,379) |
Reclassification to non-income tax credits | (13,496) |  | 0 |
Depreciation | 0 |  | 0 |
Closing net book amount | 694,166 |  | 709,585 |
Farmlands | Cost |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 709,585 |  | 780,184 |
Closing net book amount | 694,166 |  | 709,585 |
Farmlands | Accumulated amortization |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 0 |  | 0 |
Closing net book amount | 0 |  | 0 |
Farmland improvements |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 25,280 |  | 16,324 |
Exchange differences | (432) |  | (536) |
Additions | 0 |  | 62 |
Revaluation surplus | 0 |  | 0 |
Acquisition of subsidiaries |  |  | 0 |
Reclassification from investment property | 0 |  | 0 |
Transfers | 0 |  | 12,643 |
Disposals | 177 |  | 0 |
Disposals of subsidiaries | 0 |  | 0 |
Reclassification to non-income tax credits | 0 |  | 0 |
Depreciation | (3,086) |  | (3,213) |
Closing net book amount | 21,585 |  | 25,280 |
Farmland improvements | Cost |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 44,887 |  | 32,718 |
Closing net book amount | 44,278 |  | 44,887 |
Farmland improvements | Accumulated amortization |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | (19,607) |  | (16,394) |
Closing net book amount | (22,693) |  | (19,607) |
Buildings and facilities |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 232,720 |  | 188,622 |
Exchange differences | (55,368) |  | (6,846) |
Additions | 11,279 |  | 38,570 |
Revaluation surplus | 0 |  | 0 |
Acquisition of subsidiaries |  |  | 24,126 |
Reclassification from investment property | 0 |  | 0 |
Transfers | 0 |  | 13,614 |
Disposals | 10,101 |  | 81 |
Disposals of subsidiaries | (73) |  | (571) |
Reclassification to non-income tax credits | 0 |  | 0 |
Depreciation | (21,055) |  | (24,714) |
Closing net book amount | 177,604 |  | 232,720 |
Buildings and facilities | Cost |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 413,727 |  | 344,915 |
Closing net book amount | 379,666 |  | 413,727 |
Buildings and facilities | Accumulated amortization |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | (181,007) |  | (156,293) |
Closing net book amount | (202,062) |  | (181,007) |
Machinery, equipment, furniture and fittings |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 206,273 |  | 205,148 |
Exchange differences | (112,657) |  | (8,770) |
Additions | 52,350 |  | 62,320 |
Revaluation surplus | 0 |  | 0 |
Acquisition of subsidiaries |  |  | 5,280 |
Reclassification from investment property | (363) |  | 0 |
Transfers | 0 |  | 16,772 |
Disposals | 16,182 |  | 3,308 |
Disposals of subsidiaries | (3,092) |  | (22) |
Reclassification to non-income tax credits | 0 |  | (226) |
Depreciation | (62,788) |  | (70,921) |
Closing net book amount | 95,905 |  | 206,273 |
Machinery, equipment, furniture and fittings | Cost |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 791,024 |  | 718,978 |
Closing net book amount | 743,444 |  | 791,024 |
Machinery, equipment, furniture and fittings | Accumulated amortization |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | (584,751) |  | (513,830) |
Closing net book amount | (647,539) |  | (584,751) |
Bearer plants |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 253,520 |  | 232,956 |
Exchange differences | 30,864 |  | (9,802) |
Additions | 72,592 |  | 102,813 |
Revaluation surplus | 0 |  | 0 |
Acquisition of subsidiaries |  |  | 0 |
Reclassification from investment property | 0 |  | 0 |
Transfers | 0 |  | 0 |
Disposals | 0 |  | 0 |
Disposals of subsidiaries | 0 |  | 0 |
Reclassification to non-income tax credits | 0 |  | 0 |
Depreciation | (52,147) |  | (72,447) |
Closing net book amount | 304,829 |  | 253,520 |
Bearer plants | Cost |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 573,060 |  | 480,049 |
Closing net book amount | 676,516 |  | 573,060 |
Bearer plants | Accumulated amortization |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | (319,540) |  | (247,093) |
Closing net book amount | (371,687) |  | (319,540) |
Others |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 6,684 |  | 6,301 |
Exchange differences | (617) |  | (207) |
Additions | 1,877 |  | 2,160 |
Revaluation surplus | 0 |  | 0 |
Acquisition of subsidiaries |  |  | 437 |
Reclassification from investment property | 0 |  | 0 |
Transfers | 0 |  | 35 |
Disposals | 59 |  | 129 |
Disposals of subsidiaries | (37) |  | 0 |
Reclassification to non-income tax credits | 0 |  | 0 |
Depreciation | (1,503) |  | (1,913) |
Closing net book amount | 6,463 |  | 6,684 |
Others | Cost |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 23,907 |  | 21,611 |
Closing net book amount | 25,189 |  | 23,907 |
Others | Accumulated amortization |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | (17,223) |  | (15,310) |
Closing net book amount | (18,726) |  | (17,223) |
Work in progress |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 59,158 |  | 50,904 |
Exchange differences | (6,445) |  | (3,170) |
Additions | 31,192 |  | 54,488 |
Revaluation surplus | 0 |  | 0 |
Acquisition of subsidiaries |  |  | 0 |
Reclassification from investment property | 0 |  | 0 |
Transfers | 0 |  | (43,064) |
Disposals | 26,165 |  | 0 |
Disposals of subsidiaries | 0 |  | 0 |
Reclassification to non-income tax credits | 0 |  | 0 |
Depreciation | 0 |  | 0 |
Closing net book amount | 57,740 |  | 59,158 |
Work in progress | Cost |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 59,158 |  | 50,904 |
Closing net book amount | 57,740 |  | 59,158 |
Work in progress | Accumulated amortization |  |  |  |
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract] |  |  |  |
Opening net book amount | 0 |  | 0 |
Closing net book amount | $ 0 |  | $ 0 |
[1] | Prior periods have been recast to reflect the Company's change in accounting policy for the reclassification within shareholders equity of the initial application of IAS 29 as explained in Note 34.1.

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