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Segment information - Segment Analysis (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]        
Sales of goods and services rendered $ 1,298,871 $ 1,347,724 $ 1,124,352  
Cost of goods sold and services rendered (973,180) (1,075,747) (854,965)  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce 87,858 215,941 227,740  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest 1,838 (22,293) (12,879)  
Margin on manufacturing and agricultural activities before operating expenses 415,387 465,625 484,248  
General and administrative expenses (70,320) (84,287) (69,794)  
Selling expenses (129,092) (143,515) (117,662)  
Other operating income / (expense), net 25,590 1,870 (18,768)  
Bargain purchase gain on acquisition 0 10,107 0  
Profit from operations 241,565 249,800 278,024  
Depreciation and amortization (200,018) (191,040) (168,928)  
Net (loss) / gain from Fair value adjustment of investment property 10,620 (2,961) (4,331)  
Reverse of revaluation surplus derived from the disposals of assets before taxes 0      
Right of use assets 406,713 360,181 260,776  
Investment property 33,364 33,330 32,132  
Biological assets 228,037 266,444 195,178  
Current finished goods 179,611 152,716 138,254 $ 77,041
Borrowings 904,949 1,007,752 817,651  
Lease liabilities 378,510 337,980 246,854  
Operating segments        
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]        
Sales of goods and services rendered 1,442,441 1,351,707 1,097,723  
Cost of goods sold and services rendered (1,081,208) (1,078,737) (834,062)  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce 101,172 214,188 211,198  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest 2,574 (22,429) (11,658)  
Margin on manufacturing and agricultural activities before operating expenses 464,979 464,729 463,201  
General and administrative expenses (89,551) (84,507) (65,635)  
Selling expenses (150,805) (144,031) (112,847)  
Other operating income / (expense), net 31,502 2,693 (18,118)  
Bargain purchase gain on acquisition   10,070    
Profit from operations 256,125 248,954 266,601  
Depreciation and amortization (211,575) (191,205) (166,619)  
Net (loss) / gain from Fair value adjustment of investment property 11,375 (2,764) (3,884)  
Reverse of revaluation surplus derived from the disposals of assets before taxes 20,245      
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (unrealized) (24,879) 38,354 4,855  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (realized) 126,051 175,834 206,343  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (unrealized) 2,599 72 (4,001)  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (realized) (25) (22,501) (7,657)  
Farmlands and farmland improvements, net 705,847 744,333    
Machinery, equipment and other fixed assets, net 447,065 389,206    
Bearer plants 375,842 352,727    
Work in progress 20,811 79,089    
Right of use assets 406,713 360,181    
Investment property 33,364 33,330    
Goodwill 14,309 18,544    
Biological assets 228,037 266,444    
Current finished goods 179,611 152,716    
Raw materials, stocks held by third parties and others 76,440 121,306    
Total segment assets 2,488,039 2,517,876    
Borrowings 904,949 1,007,752    
Lease liabilities 378,510 337,980    
Total segment liabilities 1,283,459 1,345,732    
Farming | Crops        
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]        
Sales of goods and services rendered 166,253 277,751 243,792  
Cost of goods sold and services rendered (143,879) (255,595) (216,234)  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (10,327) 64,061 74,092  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest 1,994 (21,359) (11,384)  
Margin on manufacturing and agricultural activities before operating expenses 14,041 64,858 90,266  
General and administrative expenses (9,913) (13,310) (11,190)  
Selling expenses (16,114) (31,682) (23,613)  
Other operating income / (expense), net 15,285 (341) (299)  
Bargain purchase gain on acquisition   0    
Profit from operations 3,299 19,525 55,164  
Depreciation and amortization (5,421) (7,978) (7,226)  
Net (loss) / gain from Fair value adjustment of investment property 9,549 (2,342) (3,182)  
Biological assets 55,545 72,843 60,615  
Farming | Rice        
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]        
Sales of goods and services rendered 230,192 204,201 135,496  
Cost of goods sold and services rendered (170,258) (160,426) (112,153)  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (4,301) 16,557 45,094  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest 0 0 0  
Margin on manufacturing and agricultural activities before operating expenses 55,633 60,332 68,437  
General and administrative expenses (11,273) (15,314) (9,857)  
Selling expenses (26,449) (34,436) (18,204)  
Other operating income / (expense), net 7,218 (544) (991)  
Bargain purchase gain on acquisition   10,107    
Profit from operations 25,129 20,145 39,385  
Depreciation and amortization (10,812) (12,117) (8,993)  
Net (loss) / gain from Fair value adjustment of investment property 1,071 (619) (1,149)  
Biological assets 32,843 54,125 44,257  
Farming | Dairy        
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]        
Sales of goods and services rendered 180,119 235,012 183,054  
Cost of goods sold and services rendered (154,473) (203,885) (158,077)  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce 8,050 27,257 19,895  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest 0 0 0  
Margin on manufacturing and agricultural activities before operating expenses 33,696 58,384 44,872  
General and administrative expenses (6,955) (10,197) (5,256)  
Selling expenses (17,176) (26,974) (22,572)  
Other operating income / (expense), net 912 (11) (170)  
Bargain purchase gain on acquisition   0    
Profit from operations 10,477 21,202 16,874  
Depreciation and amortization (7,061) (10,018) (7,941)  
Net (loss) / gain from Fair value adjustment of investment property 0 0 0  
Biological assets 23,191 30,045 18,979  
Farming | Operating segments        
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]        
Sales of goods and services rendered 720,134 720,947 535,713  
Cost of goods sold and services rendered (576,638) (622,896) (465,561)  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce 6,736 106,122 122,539  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest 2,730 (21,495) (10,163)  
Margin on manufacturing and agricultural activities before operating expenses 152,962 182,678 182,528  
General and administrative expenses (40,899) (39,177) (24,052)  
Selling expenses (81,345) (93,609) (59,595)  
Other operating income / (expense), net 29,348 (52) (831)  
Bargain purchase gain on acquisition   10,070    
Profit from operations 60,066 59,910 98,050  
Depreciation and amortization (34,397) (30,307) (21,900)  
Net (loss) / gain from Fair value adjustment of investment property 11,375 (2,764) (3,884)  
Reverse of revaluation surplus derived from the disposals of assets before taxes 20,245      
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (unrealized) (9,486) 3,122 21,149  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (realized) 16,222 103,000 101,390  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (unrealized) 2,599 72 (4,001)  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (realized) 131 (21,567) (6,162)  
Farmlands and farmland improvements, net 627,525 665,685    
Machinery, equipment and other fixed assets, net 182,504 217,898    
Bearer plants 753 1,057    
Work in progress 5,885 60,805    
Right of use assets 28,713 28,257    
Investment property 33,364 33,330    
Goodwill 9,799 14,359    
Biological assets 111,579 157,013    
Current finished goods 52,640 64,023    
Raw materials, stocks held by third parties and others 54,586 94,031    
Total segment assets 1,107,348 1,336,458    
Borrowings 120,042 292,867    
Lease liabilities 25,873 27,138    
Total segment liabilities 145,915 320,005    
Farming | Operating segments | Crops        
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]        
Sales of goods and services rendered 216,912 280,329 231,817  
Cost of goods sold and services rendered (188,954) (257,925) (206,018)  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (4,862) 62,567 65,907  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest 2,730 (21,495) (10,163)  
Margin on manufacturing and agricultural activities before operating expenses 25,826 63,476 81,543  
General and administrative expenses (14,779) (13,312) (10,356)  
Selling expenses (22,450) (31,894) (22,107)  
Other operating income / (expense), net 20,006 463 237  
Bargain purchase gain on acquisition   0    
Profit from operations 8,603 18,733 49,317  
Depreciation and amortization (8,330) (8,017) (6,583)  
Net (loss) / gain from Fair value adjustment of investment property 10,199 (2,184) (2,832)  
Reverse of revaluation surplus derived from the disposals of assets before taxes 20,245      
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (unrealized) 4,171 2,071 21,428  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (realized) (9,033) 60,496 44,479  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (unrealized) 2,599 72 (4,001)  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (realized) 131 (21,567) (6,162)  
Farmlands and farmland improvements, net 447,772 504,695    
Machinery, equipment and other fixed assets, net 24,250 50,183    
Bearer plants 753 1,057    
Work in progress 10 9,018    
Right of use assets 13,608 18,952    
Investment property 29,192 27,757    
Goodwill 6,095 8,932    
Biological assets 55,545 72,843    
Current finished goods 33,407 37,539    
Raw materials, stocks held by third parties and others 26,779 63,153    
Total segment assets 637,411 794,129    
Borrowings 44,692 41,493    
Lease liabilities 12,341 18,234    
Total segment liabilities 57,033 59,727    
Farming | Operating segments | Rice        
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]        
Sales of goods and services rendered 256,347 204,396 131,093  
Cost of goods sold and services rendered (178,322) (160,047) (109,805)  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (2,488) 16,032 38,296  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest 0 0 0  
Margin on manufacturing and agricultural activities before operating expenses 75,537 60,381 59,584  
General and administrative expenses (15,709) (15,487) (8,981)  
Selling expenses (33,407) (34,665) (16,709)  
Other operating income / (expense), net 7,470 (507) (918)  
Bargain purchase gain on acquisition   10,070    
Profit from operations 33,891 19,792 32,976  
Depreciation and amortization (15,154) (12,215) (8,173)  
Net (loss) / gain from Fair value adjustment of investment property 1,176 (580) (1,052)  
Reverse of revaluation surplus derived from the disposals of assets before taxes 0      
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (unrealized) (1,002) 3,327 5,992  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (realized) (1,486) 12,705 32,304  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (unrealized) 0 0 0  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (realized) 0 0 0  
Farmlands and farmland improvements, net 178,291 158,769    
Machinery, equipment and other fixed assets, net 71,584 59,126    
Bearer plants 0 0    
Work in progress 291 29,462    
Right of use assets 15,076 8,594    
Investment property 4,172 5,573    
Goodwill 3,704 5,427    
Biological assets 32,843 54,125    
Current finished goods 9,306 13,659    
Raw materials, stocks held by third parties and others 16,577 22,178    
Total segment assets 331,844 356,913    
Borrowings (9,207) 113,133    
Lease liabilities 13,475 8,281    
Total segment liabilities 4,268 121,414    
Farming | Operating segments | Dairy        
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]        
Sales of goods and services rendered 246,875 236,222 172,803  
Cost of goods sold and services rendered (209,362) (204,924) (149,738)  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce 14,086 27,523 18,336  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest 0 0 0  
Margin on manufacturing and agricultural activities before operating expenses 51,599 58,821 41,401  
General and administrative expenses (10,411) (10,378) (4,715)  
Selling expenses (25,488) (27,050) (20,779)  
Other operating income / (expense), net 1,872 (8) (150)  
Bargain purchase gain on acquisition   0    
Profit from operations 17,572 21,385 15,757  
Depreciation and amortization (10,913) (10,075) (7,144)  
Net (loss) / gain from Fair value adjustment of investment property 0 0 0  
Reverse of revaluation surplus derived from the disposals of assets before taxes 0      
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (unrealized) (12,655) (2,276) (6,271)  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (realized) 26,741 29,799 24,607  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (unrealized) 0 0 0  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (realized) 0 0 0  
Farmlands and farmland improvements, net 1,462 2,221    
Machinery, equipment and other fixed assets, net 86,670 108,589    
Bearer plants 0 0    
Work in progress 5,584 22,325    
Right of use assets 29 711    
Investment property 0 0    
Goodwill 0 0    
Biological assets 23,191 30,045    
Current finished goods 9,927 12,825    
Raw materials, stocks held by third parties and others 11,230 8,700    
Total segment assets 138,093 185,416    
Borrowings 84,557 138,241    
Lease liabilities 57 623    
Total segment liabilities 84,614 138,864    
Sugar, Ethanol and Energy        
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]        
Cost of goods sold and services rendered (504,570) (455,841) (368,501)  
Biological assets 116,458 109,431 71,327  
Current finished goods 126,971 88,693 80,857 $ 34,315
Sugar, Ethanol and Energy | Operating segments        
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]        
Sales of goods and services rendered 722,307 630,760 562,010  
Cost of goods sold and services rendered (504,570) (455,841) (368,501)  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce 94,436 108,066 88,659  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (156) (934) (1,495)  
Margin on manufacturing and agricultural activities before operating expenses 312,017 282,051 280,673  
General and administrative expenses (25,591) (21,917) (19,464)  
Selling expenses (69,155) (50,165) (52,946)  
Other operating income / (expense), net 2,463 2,881 (17,390)  
Bargain purchase gain on acquisition   0    
Profit from operations 219,734 212,850 190,873  
Depreciation and amortization (175,903) (160,920) (143,981)  
Net (loss) / gain from Fair value adjustment of investment property 0 0 0  
Reverse of revaluation surplus derived from the disposals of assets before taxes 0      
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (unrealized) (15,393) 35,232 (16,294)  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (realized) 109,829 72,834 104,953  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (unrealized) 0 0 0  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (realized) (156) (934) (1,495)  
Farmlands and farmland improvements, net 78,322 78,648    
Machinery, equipment and other fixed assets, net 264,561 171,308    
Bearer plants 375,089 351,670    
Work in progress 14,926 18,284    
Right of use assets 377,420 330,681    
Investment property 0 0    
Goodwill 4,510 4,185    
Biological assets 116,458 109,431    
Current finished goods 126,971 88,693    
Raw materials, stocks held by third parties and others 21,854 27,275    
Total segment assets 1,380,111 1,180,175    
Borrowings 604,827 587,865    
Lease liabilities 352,238 310,162    
Total segment liabilities 957,065 898,027    
Corporate | Operating segments        
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]        
Sales of goods and services rendered 0 0 0  
Cost of goods sold and services rendered 0 0 0  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce 0 0 0  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest 0 0 0  
Margin on manufacturing and agricultural activities before operating expenses 0 0 0  
General and administrative expenses (23,061) (23,413) (22,119)  
Selling expenses (305) (257) (306)  
Other operating income / (expense), net (309) (136) 103  
Bargain purchase gain on acquisition   0    
Profit from operations (23,675) (23,806) (22,322)  
Depreciation and amortization (1,275) 22 (738)  
Net (loss) / gain from Fair value adjustment of investment property 0 0 0  
Reverse of revaluation surplus derived from the disposals of assets before taxes 0      
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (unrealized) 0 0 0  
Initial recognition and changes in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (realized) 0 0 0  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (unrealized) 0 0 0  
Changes in net realizable value of agricultural produce after harvest (realized) 0 0 $ 0  
Farmlands and farmland improvements, net 0 0    
Machinery, equipment and other fixed assets, net 0 0    
Bearer plants 0 0    
Work in progress 0 0    
Right of use assets 580 1,243    
Investment property 0 0    
Goodwill 0 0    
Biological assets 0 0    
Current finished goods 0 0    
Raw materials, stocks held by third parties and others 0 0    
Total segment assets 580 1,243    
Borrowings 180,080 127,020    
Lease liabilities 399 680    
Total segment liabilities $ 180,479 $ 127,700