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Property, plant and equipment - Changes in Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount $ 1,549,565 $ 1,565,355
Exchange differences 386,416 (237,977)
Additions 274,076 262,929
Revaluation surplus (413,798) 188,879
Transfers 0 0
Disposals (23,520) (31,040)
Reclassification to non-income tax credits (307) (293)
Depreciation (223,843) (198,288)
Closing net book amount 1,548,589 1,549,565
Farmlands    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 694,202 727,591
Exchange differences 410,088 (197,377)
Additions 0 0
Revaluation surplus (413,798) 188,879
Transfers 0 (33)
Disposals (13,732) (24,858)
Reclassification to non-income tax credits 0 0
Depreciation 0 0
Closing net book amount 676,760 694,202
Farmland improvements    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 11,645 16,742
Exchange differences 4,793 (4,029)
Additions 0 0
Revaluation surplus 0 0
Transfers 2,900 1,307
Disposals (8) 0
Reclassification to non-income tax credits 0 0
Depreciation (3,937) (2,375)
Closing net book amount 15,393 11,645
Buildings and   facilities    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 241,156 268,380
Exchange differences 55,872 (43,653)
Additions 17,282 15,165
Revaluation surplus 0 0
Transfers 24,871 33,405
Disposals (3,094) (3,404)
Reclassification to non-income tax credits 0 0
Depreciation (32,332) (28,737)
Closing net book amount 303,755 241,156
Machinery,   equipment,   furniture and fittings    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 196,995 91,212
Exchange differences (4,666) 97,152
Additions 66,997 71,100
Revaluation surplus 0 0
Transfers 7,348 22,032
Disposals (4,351) (2,745)
Reclassification to non-income tax credits (307) (293)
Depreciation (80,901) (81,463)
Closing net book amount 181,115 196,995
Bearer plants    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 375,842 352,727
Exchange differences (86,586) (46,372)
Additions 144,484 144,777
Revaluation surplus 0 0
Transfers 0 8,939
Disposals (2,199) 0
Reclassification to non-income tax credits 0 0
Depreciation (103,971) (84,229)
Closing net book amount 327,570 375,842
Others    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 8,914 29,614
Exchange differences 5,160 (21,835)
Additions 5,708 2,635
Revaluation surplus 0 0
Transfers 124 17
Disposals (136) (33)
Reclassification to non-income tax credits 0 0
Depreciation (2,702) (1,484)
Closing net book amount 17,068 8,914
Work in   progress    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 20,811 79,089
Exchange differences 1,755 (21,863)
Additions 39,605 29,252
Revaluation surplus 0 0
Transfers (35,243) (65,667)
Disposals 0 0
Reclassification to non-income tax credits 0 0
Depreciation 0 0
Closing net book amount 26,928 20,811
Cost    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 3,366,631 3,184,133
Closing net book amount 3,589,499 3,366,631
Cost | Farmlands    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 694,202 727,591
Closing net book amount 676,760 694,202
Cost | Farmland improvements    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 43,426 46,148
Closing net book amount 51,111 43,426
Cost | Buildings and   facilities    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 527,977 526,464
Closing net book amount 622,908 527,977
Cost | Machinery,   equipment,   furniture and fittings    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 1,080,418 893,172
Closing net book amount 1,145,439 1,080,418
Cost | Bearer plants    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 966,167 858,823
Closing net book amount 1,021,866 966,167
Cost | Others    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 33,630 52,846
Closing net book amount 44,487 33,630
Cost | Work in   progress    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 20,811 79,089
Closing net book amount 26,928 20,811
Accumulated amortization    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount (1,817,066) (1,618,778)
Closing net book amount (2,040,910) (1,817,066)
Accumulated amortization | Farmlands    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 0 0
Closing net book amount 0 0
Accumulated amortization | Farmland improvements    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount (31,781) (29,406)
Closing net book amount (35,718) (31,781)
Accumulated amortization | Buildings and   facilities    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount (286,821) (258,084)
Closing net book amount (319,153) (286,821)
Accumulated amortization | Machinery,   equipment,   furniture and fittings    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount (883,423) (801,960)
Closing net book amount (964,324) (883,423)
Accumulated amortization | Bearer plants    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount (590,325) (506,096)
Closing net book amount (694,296) (590,325)
Accumulated amortization | Others    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount (24,716) (23,232)
Closing net book amount (27,419) (24,716)
Accumulated amortization | Work in   progress    
Changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]    
Opening net book amount 0 0
Closing net book amount $ 0 $ 0