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Share-based compensation (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangements [Abstract]  
Expense associated with each component
Three months ended September 30,
Nine months ended September 30,
2022
2021
2022
2021
$$$$
Stock options607 443 1,655 1,103 
DSUs233 231 632 488 
RSUs124 — 1,225 — 
ESPP36 71 112 71 
1,000 745 3,624 1,662 
Changes in stock options The changes in the number of stock options during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were as
follows:
2022
20211
Number of optionsWeighted average exercise priceNumber of optionsWeighted average exercise price
#C$#C$
Options outstanding – January 11,283,088 12.00 1,516,641 6.73 
Options granted1
168,588 44.91 115,969 53.19 
Options forfeited(63,415)46.41 (28,736)14.84 
Options exercised(9,179)14.52 (147,025)3.37 
Options outstanding – September 30
1,379,082 14.42 1,456,849 10.61 
Options exercisable – September 30
887,779 4.06 814,367 2.54 

1 In March 2021, the Company granted stock options to certain executives. Subsequently, the Company identified an error in determining the expected life and volatility inputs used in the Black-Scholes pricing model to calculate the fair value of options, which led to the Company determining that 63,992 excess options were granted in March 2021 to six senior executives (the “Awardees”). The granting of excess options was immaterial to the Company but the error resulted in an award of options to the Awardees that was not reasonable and appropriate to grant. During 2021, the Company amended and restated the option award agreements for those affected Awardees to reflect the issuance of the appropriate number of options.
Stock options outstanding and exercisable by range of exercise prices
The following table is a summary of the Company’s stock options outstanding as at September 30, 2022:
Options outstandingOptions exercisable
Exercise price rangeNumber outstandingWeighted average remaining contractual life (years)Exercise price rangeNumber exercisable
C$##C$#
0.0001 - 1.09
784,368 4.71
0.0001 - 1.09
748,368 
8.86 - 11.06
51,811 8.20
8.86 - 11.06
21,084 
15.79 - 16.00
268,499 7.03
15.79 - 16.00
95,969 
26.43 - 95.12
274,404 9.26
26.43 - 95.12
22,358 
1,379,082 6.19887,779 

The following table is a summary of the Company’s stock options outstanding as at September 30, 2021:
Options outstandingOptions exercisable
Exercise price rangeNumber outstandingWeighted average remaining contractual life (years)Exercise price rangeNumber exercisable
C$##C$#
0.0001 - 1.09
784,368 5.70
0.0001 - 1.09
695,968 
8.86 - 11.06
190,522 9.21
8.86 - 11.06
59,784 
15.79 - 16.00
341,701 8.03
15.79 - 16.00
57,529 
26.43 - 69.48
140,258 9.45
26.43 - 69.48
1,086 
1,456,849 7.17814,367 
Number and weighted average remaining contractual life of stock options outstanding and exercisable
The following table is a summary of the Company’s stock options outstanding as at September 30, 2022:
Options outstandingOptions exercisable
Exercise price rangeNumber outstandingWeighted average remaining contractual life (years)Exercise price rangeNumber exercisable
C$##C$#
0.0001 - 1.09
784,368 4.71
0.0001 - 1.09
748,368 
8.86 - 11.06
51,811 8.20
8.86 - 11.06
21,084 
15.79 - 16.00
268,499 7.03
15.79 - 16.00
95,969 
26.43 - 95.12
274,404 9.26
26.43 - 95.12
22,358 
1,379,082 6.19887,779 

The following table is a summary of the Company’s stock options outstanding as at September 30, 2021:
Options outstandingOptions exercisable
Exercise price rangeNumber outstandingWeighted average remaining contractual life (years)Exercise price rangeNumber exercisable
C$##C$#
0.0001 - 1.09
784,368 5.70
0.0001 - 1.09
695,968 
8.86 - 11.06
190,522 9.21
8.86 - 11.06
59,784 
15.79 - 16.00
341,701 8.03
15.79 - 16.00
57,529 
26.43 - 69.48
140,258 9.45
26.43 - 69.48
1,086 
1,456,849 7.17814,367 
Number of DSUs and RSUs granted
DSUs

The following table presents information concerning the number of DSUs granted by the Company:
#
DSUs – December 31, 2021
59,654 
Granted (at C$38.97 - $86.93 per unit)
25,372 
DSUs - September 30, 2022
85,026 

RSUs

The following table presents information concerning the number of RSUs granted by the Company:
#
RSUs – December 31, 2021
46,591 
Granted (at C$40.30 - $54.26 per unit)
97,816 
Released (at C$94.05 per unit)
(2,800)
Forfeited (at C$86.38 - $94.05 per unit)
(30,222)
RSUs - September 30, 2022
111,385