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Income tax and deferred tax | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Notes and other explanatory information [abstract] |
Income tax and deferred tax |
| Note | 31 | Income tax and deferred tax
The breakdown of income tax, determined in accordance with the provisions of IAS 12 is as follows:
Schedule of income tax expense |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 12.31.23 |  | 12.31.22 |  | 12.31.21
Deferred tax |  | (133,382) |  | (46,757) |  | (38,478)
Change in the income tax rate |  | - |  | - |  | (45,332)
Current tax |  | - |  | - |  | (12,388)
Difference between provision and tax return |  | (427) |  | 570 |  | 1,358
Income tax expense |  | (133,809) |  | (46,187) |  | (94,840)
The detail of the income tax expense for the year includes two effects: (i) the current tax for the year payable in accordance with the tax legislation applicable to the Company; and (ii) the effect of applying the deferred tax method on the temporary differences arising from the valuation of assets and liabilities for accounting and tax purposes. The breakdown of deferred tax assets and liabilities is as follows:
Schedule of analysis of deferred tax assets and liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 12.31.22 |  | Result from exposure to inflation |  | Charged to Profit and loss |  | Charged to Other comprenhen- sive income / Equity |  | 12.31.23
Deferred tax assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tax loss carryforward (1) | 51,511 |  | (34,970) |  | 9,939 |  | - |  | 26,480
Trade receivables and other receivables | 4,474 |  | (3,037) |  | 997 |  | - |  | 2,434
Trade payables and other payables | 5,322 |  | (3,613) |  | 5,278 |  | - |  | 6,987
Salaries and social security taxes payable | 2,435 |  | (1,653) |  | 1,216 |  | (10) | (*) | 1,988
Benefit plans | 629 |  | (427) |  | (1) |  | 507 |  | 708
Tax liabilities | 134 |  | (91) |  | 61 |  | - |  | 104
Provisions | 7,053 |  | (4,788) |  | 2,225 |  | - |  | 4,490
Deferred tax asset | 71,558 |  | (48,579) |  | 19,715 |  | 497 |  | 43,191
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment | (357,251) |  | 242,531 |  | (295,107) |  | - |  | (409,827)
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss | (5,466) |  | 3,711 |  | (15,487) |  | - |  | (17,242)
Borrowings | (616) |  | 418 |  | 185 |  | - |  | (13)
Tax inflation adjustment | (53,609) |  | 36,394 |  | (77,590) |  | - |  | (94,805)
Deferred tax liability | (416,942) |  | 283,054 |  | (387,999) |  | - |  | (521,887)
Net deferred tax liability | (345,384) |  | 234,475 |  | (368,284) |  | 497 |  | (478,696)
| 12.31.21 |  | Result from exposure to inflation |  | Charged to Profit and loss |  | Charged to Other comprenhen- sive income / Equity |  | 12.31.22
Deferred tax assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tax loss carryforward (1) | - |  | - |  | 51,511 |  | - |  | 51,511
Trade receivables and other receivables | 13,546 |  | (6,593) |  | (2,479) |  | - |  | 4,474
Trade payables and other payables | 7,287 |  | (3,547) |  | 1,582 |  | - |  | 5,322
Salaries and social security taxes payable | 3,229 |  | (1,573) |  | 789 |  | (10) | (*) | 2,435
Benefit plans | 106 |  | (53) |  | (137) |  | 713 |  | 629
Tax liabilities | 153 |  | (75) |  | 56 |  | - |  | 134
Provisions | 9,803 |  | (4,771) |  | 2,021 |  | - |  | 7,053
Deferred tax asset | 34,124 |  | (16,612) |  | 53,343 |  | 703 |  | 71,558
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment | (309,280) |  | 150,505 |  | (198,476) |  | - |  | (357,251)
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss | (2,320) |  | 1,130 |  | (4,276) |  | - |  | (5,466)
Borrowings | (6) |  | 3 |  | (613) |  | - |  | (616)
Tax inflation adjustment | (22,418) |  | 10,909 |  | (42,100) |  | - |  | (53,609)
Deferred tax liability | (334,024) |  | 162,547 |  | (245,465) |  | - |  | (416,942)
Net deferred tax liability | (299,900) |  | 145,935 |  | (192,122) |  | 703 |  | (345,384)
(*) |  | Note 24 – The Company’s Share-based Compensation Plan
| (1) | The accumulated tax losses and the years in which they become statute-barred are as follow:
Schedule of accumulated tax losses |  |  |  |
Tax loss - Year of origin |  | Nominal value |  | Year of prescription
2022 |  | 45,418 |  | 2027
2023 |  | 30,239 |  | 2028
|  | 75,657 |  |
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the accumulated tax losses do not exceed their recoverable value. The reconciliation between the income tax expense recognized in profit or loss and the amount that would result from applying the applicable tax rate to the accounting profit (loss) before taxes, is as follows:
Schedule of reconciliation between the income tax expense recognized in profit or loss |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | 12.31.23 |  | 12.31.22 |  | 12.31.21
Income (loss) for the year before taxes |  | 182,180 |  | (8,211) |  | (34,635)
Applicable tax rate |  | 35% |  | 35% |  | 35%
Result for the year at the tax rate |  | (63,763) |  | 2,874 |  | 12,122
Gain (loss) on net monetary position |  | 59,413 |  | 18,725 |  | (20,368)
Adjustment effect on tax inflation |  | (128,994) |  | (68,289) |  | (42,293)
Non-taxable income |  | (38) |  | (67) |  | (327)
Difference between provision and tax return |  | (427) |  | 570 |  | 1,358
Change in the income tax rate |  | - |  | - |  | (45,332)
Income tax expense |  | (133,809) |  | (46,187) |  | (94,840)

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