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LOANS AND RELATED ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Tables) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2023
Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Abstract] |
Summary of Loans | Major categories of loans are summarized as follows:
(dollars in thousands) | September 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Commercial and industrial | $ | 386,933 |  |  | $ | 266,757 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied | 297,242 |  |  | 218,503 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied | 901,929 |  |  | 713,202 |
Construction and land development | 371,158 |  |  | 360,824 |
Multi-family | 388,742 |  |  | 287,865 |
One-to-four family residential | 488,655 |  |  | 338,253 |
Agricultural and farmland | 275,239 |  |  | 237,746 |
Municipal, consumer, and other | 232,888 |  |  | 197,103 |
Loans, before allowance for credit losses | 3,342,786 |  |  | 2,620,253 |
Allowance for credit losses | (38,863) |  |  | (25,333) |
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses | $ | 3,303,923 |  |  | $ | 2,594,920 |
Schedule of activity in allowance for loan losses | The following tables detail activity in the allowance for credit losses for the three and nine months ended September 30:
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
(dollars in thousands) | Commercial and Industrial |  | Commercial Real Estate Owner Occupied |  | Commercial Real Estate Non-owner Occupied |  | Construction and Land Development |  | Multi-Family |  | One-to-four Family Residential |  | Agricultural and Farmland |  | Municipal, Consumer, and Other |  | Total
Beginning balance | $ | 3,735 |  |  | $ | 2,362 |  |  | $ | 7,538 |  |  | $ | 5,834 |  |  | $ | 2,603 |  |  | $ | 4,077 |  |  | $ | 2,607 |  |  | $ | 9,058 |  |  | $ | 37,814 |
Provision for credit losses | 515 |  |  | (108) |  |  | 248 |  |  | 1,004 |  |  | (348) |  |  | (21) |  |  | (337) |  |  | 30 |  |  | 983 |
Charge-offs | (15) |  |  | (2) |  |  | (171) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (8) |  |  | — |  |  | (216) |  |  | (412) |
Recoveries | 14 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 44 |  |  | 280 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 81 |  |  | 478 |
Ending balance | $ | 4,249 |  |  | $ | 2,254 |  |  | $ | 7,630 |  |  | $ | 6,882 |  |  | $ | 2,535 |  |  | $ | 4,088 |  |  | $ | 2,272 |  |  | $ | 8,953 |  |  | $ | 38,863 |
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
(dollars in thousands) | Commercial and Industrial |  | Commercial Real Estate Owner Occupied |  | Commercial Real Estate Non-owner Occupied |  | Construction and Land Development |  | Multi-Family |  | One-to-four Family Residential |  | Agricultural and Farmland |  | Municipal, Consumer, and Other |  | Total
Beginning balance | $ | 2,981 |  |  | $ | 1,224 |  |  | $ | 6,611 |  |  | $ | 4,059 |  |  | $ | 1,375 |  |  | $ | 1,696 |  |  | $ | 924 |  |  | $ | 5,864 |  |  | $ | 24,734 |
Provision for loan losses | 14 |  |  | (65) |  |  | 268 |  |  | 316 |  |  | (52) |  |  | (78) |  |  | (83) |  |  | 66 |  |  | 386 |
Charge-offs | (17) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (18) |  |  | — |  |  | (187) |  |  | (222) |
Recoveries | 6 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 60 |  |  | — |  |  | 91 |  |  | 162 |
Ending balance | $ | 2,984 |  |  | $ | 1,160 |  |  | $ | 6,882 |  |  | $ | 4,376 |  |  | $ | 1,323 |  |  | $ | 1,660 |  |  | $ | 841 |  |  | $ | 5,834 |  |  | $ | 25,060 |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
(dollars in thousands) | Commercial and Industrial |  | Commercial Real Estate Owner Occupied |  | Commercial Real Estate Non-owner Occupied |  | Construction and Land Development |  | Multi-Family |  | One-to-four Family Residential |  | Agricultural and Farmland |  | Municipal, Consumer, and Other |  | Total
Beginning balance | $ | 3,279 |  |  | $ | 1,193 |  |  | $ | 6,721 |  |  | $ | 4,223 |  |  | $ | 1,472 |  |  | $ | 1,759 |  |  | $ | 796 |  |  | $ | 5,890 |  |  | $ | 25,333 |
Adoption of ASC 326 | (822) |  |  | 587 |  |  | 501 |  |  | 1,969 |  |  | 85 |  |  | 797 |  |  | 1,567 |  |  | 2,299 |  |  | 6,983 |
PCD allowance established in acquisition | 69 |  |  | 127 |  |  | 239 |  |  | 240 |  |  | 68 |  |  | 492 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 1,247 |
Provision for credit losses | 1,693 |  |  | 336 |  |  | 87 |  |  | 398 |  |  | 630 |  |  | 939 |  |  | (100) |  |  | 1,021 |  |  | 5,004 |
Charge-offs | (15) |  |  | (5) |  |  | (171) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (34) |  |  | — |  |  | (508) |  |  | (733) |
Recoveries | 45 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 253 |  |  | 52 |  |  | 280 |  |  | 135 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 244 |  |  | 1,029 |
Ending balance | $ | 4,249 |  |  | $ | 2,254 |  |  | $ | 7,630 |  |  | $ | 6,882 |  |  | $ | 2,535 |  |  | $ | 4,088 |  |  | $ | 2,272 |  |  | $ | 8,953 |  |  | $ | 38,863 |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
(dollars in thousands) | Commercial and Industrial |  | Commercial Real Estate Owner Occupied |  | Commercial Real Estate Non-owner Occupied |  | Construction and Land Development |  | Multi-Family |  | One-to-four Family Residential |  | Agricultural and Farmland |  | Municipal, Consumer, and Other |  | Total
Beginning balance | $ | 2,440 |  |  | $ | 1,840 |  |  | $ | 8,145 |  |  | $ | 4,914 |  |  | $ | 1,263 |  |  | $ | 1,311 |  |  | $ | 845 |  |  | $ | 3,178 |  |  | $ | 23,936 |
Provision for loan losses | (189) |  |  | (781) |  |  | (1,536) |  |  | (539) |  |  | 60 |  |  | 93 |  |  | (4) |  |  | 2,843 |  |  | (53) |
Charge-offs | (22) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (67) |  |  | — |  |  | (426) |  |  | (515) |
Recoveries | 755 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 273 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 323 |  |  | — |  |  | 239 |  |  | 1,692 |
Ending balance | $ | 2,984 |  |  | $ | 1,160 |  |  | $ | 6,882 |  |  | $ | 4,376 |  |  | $ | 1,323 |  |  | $ | 1,660 |  |  | $ | 841 |  |  | $ | 5,834 |  |  | $ | 25,060 |
The following tables present loans and the related allowance for credit losses by category:
|  | September 30, 2023
(dollars in thousands) |  | Commercial and Industrial |  | Commercial Real Estate Owner Occupied |  | Commercial Real Estate Non-owner Occupied |  | Construction and Land Development |  | Multi-Family |  | One-to-four Family Residential |  | Agricultural and Farmland |  | Municipal, Consumer, and Other |  | Total
Loan balances: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 386,763 |  |  | $ | 297,068 |  |  | $ | 888,068 |  |  | $ | 370,942 |  |  | $ | 388,282 |  |  | $ | 482,838 |  |  | $ | 275,111 |  |  | $ | 217,638 |  |  | $ | 3,306,710 |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | 170 |  |  | 174 |  |  | 13,861 |  |  | 216 |  |  | 460 |  |  | 5,817 |  |  | 128 |  |  | 15,250 |  |  | 36,076 |
Total |  | $ | 386,933 |  |  | $ | 297,242 |  |  | $ | 901,929 |  |  | $ | 371,158 |  |  | $ | 388,742 |  |  | $ | 488,655 |  |  | $ | 275,239 |  |  | $ | 232,888 |  |  | $ | 3,342,786 |
Allowance for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 4,244 |  |  | $ | 2,254 |  |  | $ | 6,503 |  |  | $ | 6,882 |  |  | $ | 2,535 |  |  | $ | 3,737 |  |  | $ | 2,272 |  |  | $ | 5,844 |  |  | $ | 34,271 |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,127 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 351 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,109 |  |  | 4,592 |
Total |  | $ | 4,249 |  |  | $ | 2,254 |  |  | $ | 7,630 |  |  | $ | 6,882 |  |  | $ | 2,535 |  |  | $ | 4,088 |  |  | $ | 2,272 |  |  | $ | 8,953 |  |  | $ | 38,863 |
|  | December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands) |  | Commercial and Industrial |  | Commercial Real Estate Owner Occupied |  | Commercial Real Estate Non-owner Occupied |  | Construction and Land Development |  | Multi-Family |  | One-to-four Family Residential |  | Agricultural and Farmland |  | Municipal, Consumer, and Other |  | Total
Loan balances: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 261,833 |  |  | $ | 203,558 |  |  | $ | 671,663 |  |  | $ | 359,892 |  |  | $ | 287,298 |  |  | $ | 325,621 |  |  | $ | 233,118 |  |  | $ | 184,579 |  |  | $ | 2,527,562 |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | 4,818 |  |  | 11,366 |  |  | 30,509 |  |  | 82 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,399 |  |  | 4,033 |  |  | 12,508 |  |  | 71,715 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality |  | 106 |  |  | 3,579 |  |  | 11,030 |  |  | 850 |  |  | 567 |  |  | 4,233 |  |  | 595 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 20,976 |
Total |  | $ | 266,757 |  |  | $ | 218,503 |  |  | $ | 713,202 |  |  | $ | 360,824 |  |  | $ | 287,865 |  |  | $ | 338,253 |  |  | $ | 237,746 |  |  | $ | 197,103 |  |  | $ | 2,620,253 |
Allowance for loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 3,121 |  |  | $ | 1,008 |  |  | $ | 4,332 |  |  | $ | 4,221 |  |  | $ | 1,470 |  |  | $ | 1,709 |  |  | $ | 796 |  |  | $ | 2,327 |  |  | $ | 18,984 |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | 158 |  |  | 168 |  |  | 2,388 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 44 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,562 |  |  | 6,320 |
Acquired with deteriorated credit quality |  | — |  |  | 17 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 29 |
Total |  | $ | 3,279 |  |  | $ | 1,193 |  |  | $ | 6,721 |  |  | $ | 4,223 |  |  | $ | 1,472 |  |  | $ | 1,759 |  |  | $ | 796 |  |  | $ | 5,890 |  |  | $ | 25,333 |
Schedule of gross charge-offs, further sorted by origination year | Gross charge-offs, further sorted by origination year, were as follows during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023:
| Gross Charge-Offs for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
| Term Loans by Origination Year |  | Revolving Loans |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term |  | Total
(dollars in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Prior |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 171 |  |  | — |  |  | 171 |
Construction and land development | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Multi-family | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
One-to-four family residential | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |
Agricultural and farmland | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Municipal, consumer, and other | 141 |  |  | 9 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 66 |  |  | — |  |  | 216 |
Total | $ | 141 |  |  | $ | 11 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 252 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 412 |
| Gross Charge-Offs for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
| Term Loans by Origination Year |  | Revolving Loans |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term |  | Total
(dollars in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Prior |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 171 |  |  | — |  |  | 171 |
Construction and land development | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Multi-family | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
One-to-four family residential | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 33 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 34 |
Agricultural and farmland | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Municipal, consumer, and other | 276 |  |  | 83 |  |  | — |  |  | 9 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 140 |  |  | — |  |  | 508 |
Total | $ | 276 |  |  | $ | 88 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 33 |  |  | $ | 326 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 733 |
Schedule of amortized cost of collateral dependent loans | The following table presents collateral dependent loans, by the primary collateral type, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, and the related allowance for credit losses allocated to these loans:
|  | September 30, 2023
|  | Amortized Cost |  | Allowance for Credit Losses
|  | Primary Collateral Type |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  | Real Estate |  | Vehicles |  | Other |  | Total |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 170 |  |  | $ | 170 |  |  | $ | 5 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 174 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 174 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | 13,861 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,861 |  |  | 1,127 |
Construction and land development |  | 216 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 216 |  |  | — |
Multi-family |  | 460 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 460 |  |  | — |
One-to-four family residential |  | 5,817 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,817 |  |  | 351 |
Agricultural and farmland |  | 128 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 128 |  |  | — |
Municipal, consumer, and other |  | 15,141 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 78 |  |  | 15,250 |  |  | 3,109 |
Total |  | $ | 35,797 |  |  | $ | 31 |  |  | $ | 248 |  |  | $ | 36,076 |  |  | $ | 4,592 |
Schedule of loans individually evaluated for impairment by category PREADOPTION | The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by category of loans:
|  | December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands) |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Recorded Investment |  | Related Allowance
With an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 268 |  |  | $ | 254 |  |  | $ | 158 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 635 |  |  | 610 |  |  | 168 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | 14,269 |  |  | 14,261 |  |  | 2,388 |
Construction and land development |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Multi-family |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
One-to-four family residential |  | 569 |  |  | 524 |  |  | 44 |
Agricultural and farmland |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Municipal, consumer, and other |  | 8,152 |  |  | 8,131 |  |  | 3,562 |
Total |  | $ | 23,893 |  |  | $ | 23,780 |  |  | $ | 6,320 |
With no related allowance: |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 4,564 |  |  | $ | 4,564 |  |  | $ | — |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 10,912 |  |  | 10,756 |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | 16,327 |  |  | 16,248 |  |  | — |
Construction and land development |  | 92 |  |  | 82 |  |  | — |
Multi-family |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
One-to-four family residential |  | 9,181 |  |  | 7,875 |  |  | — |
Agricultural and farmland |  | 4,440 |  |  | 4,033 |  |  | — |
Municipal, consumer, and other |  | 4,410 |  |  | 4,377 |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 49,926 |  |  | $ | 47,935 |  |  | $ | — |
Total loans individually evaluated for impairment: |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 4,832 |  |  | $ | 4,818 |  |  | $ | 158 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 11,547 |  |  | 11,366 |  |  | 168 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | 30,596 |  |  | 30,509 |  |  | 2,388 |
Construction and land development |  | 92 |  |  | 82 |  |  | — |
Multi-family |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
One-to-four family residential |  | 9,750 |  |  | 8,399 |  |  | 44 |
Agricultural and farmland |  | 4,440 |  |  | 4,033 |  |  | — |
Municipal, consumer, and other |  | 12,562 |  |  | 12,508 |  |  | 3,562 |
Total |  | $ | 73,819 |  |  | $ | 71,715 |  |  | $ | 6,320 |
The following tables present the average recorded investment and interest income recognized for loans individually evaluated for impairment by category of loans:
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
(dollars in thousands) | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
With an allowance recorded: |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 258 |  |  | $ | 5 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied | 739 |  |  | 11 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied | 14,441 |  |  | 185 |
Construction and land development | — |  |  | — |
Multi-family | — |  |  | — |
One-to-four family residential | 349 |  |  | 2 |
Agricultural and farmland | — |  |  | — |
Municipal, consumer, and other | 8,254 |  |  | 66 |
Total | $ | 24,041 |  |  | $ | 269 |
With no related allowance: |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 3,894 |  |  | $ | 41 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied | 11,651 |  |  | 141 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied | 17,220 |  |  | 369 |
Construction and land development | 2,010 |  |  | 57 |
Multi-family | — |  |  | — |
One-to-four family residential | 8,119 |  |  | 99 |
Agricultural and farmland | 425 |  |  | 5 |
Municipal, consumer, and other | 4,457 |  |  | 44 |
Total | $ | 47,776 |  |  | $ | 756 |
Total loans individually evaluated for impairment: |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 4,152 |  |  | $ | 46 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied | 12,390 |  |  | 152 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied | 31,661 |  |  | 554 |
Construction and land development | 2,010 |  |  | 57 |
Multi-family | — |  |  | — |
One-to-four family residential | 8,468 |  |  | 101 |
Agricultural and farmland | 425 |  |  | 5 |
Municipal, consumer, and other | 12,711 |  |  | 110 |
Total | $ | 71,817 |  |  | $ | 1,025 |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
(dollars in thousands) | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
With an allowance recorded: |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 272 |  |  | $ | 13 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied | 1,297 |  |  | 55 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied | 14,631 |  |  | 556 |
Construction and land development | — |  |  | — |
Multi-family | — |  |  | — |
One-to-four family residential | 513 |  |  | 11 |
Agricultural and farmland | — |  |  | — |
Municipal, consumer, and other | 8,368 |  |  | 151 |
Total | $ | 25,081 |  |  | $ | 786 |
With no related allowance: |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 12,793 |  |  | $ | 397 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied | 11,524 |  |  | 388 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied | 16,894 |  |  | 907 |
Construction and land development | 2,012 |  |  | 105 |
Multi-family | — |  |  | — |
One-to-four family residential | 8,341 |  |  | 240 |
Agricultural and farmland | 305 |  |  | 8 |
Municipal, consumer, and other | 4,493 |  |  | 98 |
Total | $ | 56,362 |  |  | $ | 2,143 |
Total loans individually evaluated for impairment: |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 13,065 |  |  | $ | 410 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied | 12,821 |  |  | 443 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied | 31,525 |  |  | 1,463 |
Construction and land development | 2,012 |  |  | 105 |
Multi-family | — |  |  | — |
One-to-four family residential | 8,854 |  |  | 251 |
Agricultural and farmland | 305 |  |  | 8 |
Municipal, consumer, and other | 12,861 |  |  | 249 |
Total | $ | 81,443 |  |  | $ | 2,929 |
Schedule of changes in the accretable yield for loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality | Changes in the accretable yield for loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality were as follows:
(dollars in thousands) | Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Beginning balance | $ | 537 |  | $ | 413
Reclassification from non-accretable difference | 283 |  | 500
Accretion income | (58) |  |  | (151) |
Ending balance | $ | 762 |  | $ | 762
Schedule of recorded investment on past due basis | The following tables present loans by category based on current payment and accrual status:
|  | September 30, 2023
|  | Accruing Interest |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  | Current |  | 30 - 89 Days Past Due |  | 90+ Days Past Due |  | Nonaccrual |  | Total Loans
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 386,383 |  |  | $ | 380 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 170 |  |  | $ | 386,933 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 297,069 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 173 |  |  | 297,242 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | 900,058 |  |  | 1,605 |  |  | — |  |  | 266 |  |  | 901,929 |
Construction and land development |  | 370,922 |  |  | 20 |  |  | — |  |  | 216 |  |  | 371,158 |
Multi-family |  | 387,966 |  |  | 316 |  |  | — |  |  | 460 |  |  | 388,742 |
One-to-four family residential |  | 481,603 |  |  | 1,897 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,155 |  |  | 488,655 |
Agricultural and farmland |  | 275,096 |  |  | 15 |  |  | — |  |  | 128 |  |  | 275,239 |
Municipal, consumer, and other |  | 232,561 |  |  | 217 |  |  | — |  |  | 110 |  |  | 232,888 |
Total |  | $ | 3,331,658 |  |  | $ | 4,450 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,678 |  |  | $ | 3,342,786 |
|  | December 31, 2022
|  | Accruing Interest |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  | Current |  | 30 - 89 Days Past Due |  | 90+ Days Past Due |  | Nonaccrual |  | Total Loans
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 266,521 |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 219 |  |  | $ | 266,757 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 218,242 |  |  | 187 |  |  | — |  |  | 74 |  |  | 218,503 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | 713,031 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 171 |  |  | 713,202 |
Construction and land development |  | 360,763 |  |  | 61 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 360,824 |
Multi-family |  | 287,854 |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 287,865 |
One-to-four family residential |  | 335,576 |  |  | 894 |  |  | 145 |  |  | 1,638 |  |  | 338,253 |
Agricultural and farmland |  | 237,727 |  |  | 19 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 237,746 |
Municipal, consumer, and other |  | 196,892 |  |  | 157 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 53 |  |  | 197,103 |
Total |  | $ | 2,616,606 |  |  | $ | 1,346 |  |  | $ | 146 |  |  | $ | 2,155 |  |  | $ | 2,620,253 |
Schedule of non-accrual loans | The following table presents nonaccrual loans with and without a related allowance for credit losses:
|  | September 30, 2023
(dollars in thousands) |  | Nonaccrual With Allowance for Credit Losses |  | Nonaccrual With No Allowance for Credit Losses |  | Total Nonaccrual
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 127 |  |  | $ | 43 |  |  | $ | 170 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | — |  |  | 173 |  |  | 173 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | 220 |  |  | 46 |  |  | 266 |
Construction and land development |  | — |  |  | 216 |  |  | 216 |
Multi-family |  | — |  |  | 460 |  |  | 460 |
One-to-four family residential |  | 100 |  |  | 5,055 |  |  | 5,155 |
Agricultural and farmland |  | — |  |  | 128 |  |  | 128 |
Municipal, consumer, and other |  | 31 |  |  | 79 |  |  | 110 |
Total |  | $ | 478 |  |  | $ | 6,200 |  |  | $ | 6,678 |
Schedule of loans by category risk ratings | The following tables present loans by category based on their assigned risk ratings determined by management:
|  | September 30, 2023
(dollars in thousands) |  | Pass |  | Pass-Watch |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  | Total
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 382,041 |  |  | $ | 4,114 |  |  | $ | 778 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 386,933 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 279,081 |  |  | 8,249 |  |  | 9,912 |  |  | — |  |  | 297,242 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | 842,816 |  |  | 33,767 |  |  | 25,346 |  |  | — |  |  | 901,929 |
Construction and land development |  | 366,198 |  |  | 4,667 |  |  | 293 |  |  | — |  |  | 371,158 |
Multi-family |  | 363,214 |  |  | 24,753 |  |  | 775 |  |  | — |  |  | 388,742 |
One-to-four family residential |  | 468,736 |  |  | 7,572 |  |  | 12,347 |  |  | — |  |  | 488,655 |
Agricultural and farmland |  | 266,353 |  |  | 5,466 |  |  | 3,420 |  |  | — |  |  | 275,239 |
Municipal, consumer, and other |  | 215,726 |  |  | 1,771 |  |  | 15,391 |  |  | — |  |  | 232,888 |
Total |  | $ | 3,184,165 |  |  | $ | 90,359 |  |  | $ | 68,262 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,342,786 |
|  | December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands) |  | Pass |  | Pass-Watch |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  | Total
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 255,309 |  |  | $ | 6,630 |  |  | $ | 4,818 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 266,757 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 198,546 |  |  | 10,105 |  |  | 9,852 |  |  | — |  |  | 218,503 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | 652,691 |  |  | 27,282 |  |  | 33,229 |  |  | — |  |  | 713,202 |
Construction and land development |  | 358,215 |  |  | 2,527 |  |  | 82 |  |  | — |  |  | 360,824 |
Multi-family |  | 283,682 |  |  | 4,183 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 287,865 |
One-to-four family residential |  | 323,632 |  |  | 5,907 |  |  | 8,714 |  |  | — |  |  | 338,253 |
Agricultural and farmland |  | 223,114 |  |  | 10,004 |  |  | 4,628 |  |  | — |  |  | 237,746 |
Municipal, consumer, and other |  | 184,299 |  |  | 296 |  |  | 12,508 |  |  | — |  |  | 197,103 |
Total |  | $ | 2,479,488 |  |  | $ | 66,934 |  |  | $ | 73,831 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,620,253 |
Schedule of risk ratings of loans, further sorted by origination year | Risk ratings of loans, further sorted by origination year, are as follows as of September 30, 2023:
(dollars in thousands) |  | Term Loans by Origination Year |  | Revolving Loans |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Term |  | Total
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Prior |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 94,311 |  |  | $ | 59,814 |  |  | $ | 26,229 |  |  | $ | 29,297 |  |  | $ | 5,927 |  |  | $ | 8,496 |  |  | $ | 150,403 |  |  | $ | 7,564 |  |  | $ | 382,041 |
Pass-Watch |  | 229 |  |  | 1,400 |  |  | 257 |  |  | 198 |  |  | 788 |  |  | 450 |  |  | 284 |  |  | 508 |  |  | 4,114 |
Substandard |  | 3 |  |  | 87 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 43 |  |  | — |  |  | 44 |  |  | 310 |  |  | 251 |  |  | 778 |
Total |  | $ | 94,543 |  |  | $ | 61,301 |  |  | $ | 26,526 |  |  | $ | 29,538 |  |  | $ | 6,715 |  |  | $ | 8,990 |  |  | $ | 150,997 |  |  | $ | 8,323 |  |  | $ | 386,933 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied
Pass |  | $ | 25,378 |  |  | $ | 64,227 |  |  | $ | 58,426 |  |  | $ | 55,269 |  |  | $ | 33,692 |  |  | $ | 34,949 |  |  | $ | 6,487 |  |  | $ | 653 |  |  | $ | 279,081 |
Pass-Watch |  | 556 |  |  | 963 |  |  | 3,102 |  |  | 351 |  |  | 1,624 |  |  | 1,653 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,249 |
Substandard |  | 463 |  |  | 1,163 |  |  | 3,338 |  |  | 70 |  |  | 658 |  |  | 3,229 |  |  | 991 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,912 |
Total |  | $ | 26,397 |  |  | $ | 66,353 |  |  | $ | 64,866 |  |  | $ | 55,690 |  |  | $ | 35,974 |  |  | $ | 39,831 |  |  | $ | 7,478 |  |  | $ | 653 |  |  | $ | 297,242 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied
Pass |  | $ | 96,710 |  |  | $ | 254,299 |  |  | $ | 247,868 |  |  | $ | 90,232 |  |  | $ | 96,034 |  |  | $ | 43,858 |  |  | $ | 10,042 |  |  | $ | 3,773 |  |  | $ | 842,816 |
Pass-Watch |  | 696 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,684 |  |  | 358 |  |  | 7,277 |  |  | 3,823 |  |  | 13,680 |  |  | 249 |  |  | 33,767 |
Substandard |  | 13,424 |  |  | 126 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,465 |  |  | 9,331 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25,346 |
Total |  | $ | 110,830 |  |  | $ | 254,425 |  |  | $ | 255,552 |  |  | $ | 90,590 |  |  | $ | 105,776 |  |  | $ | 57,012 |  |  | $ | 23,722 |  |  | $ | 4,022 |  |  | $ | 901,929 |
Construction and land development
Pass |  | $ | 139,883 |  |  | $ | 143,616 |  |  | $ | 58,998 |  |  | $ | 7,459 |  |  | $ | 2,753 |  |  | $ | 1,005 |  |  | $ | 7,232 |  |  | $ | 5,252 |  |  | $ | 366,198 |
Pass-Watch |  | 155 |  |  | 2,537 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | 1,127 |  |  | 837 |  |  | 4,667 |
Substandard |  | — |  |  | 216 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 77 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 293 |
Total |  | $ | 140,038 |  |  | $ | 146,369 |  |  | $ | 58,998 |  |  | $ | 7,459 |  |  | $ | 2,753 |  |  | $ | 1,093 |  |  | $ | 8,359 |  |  | $ | 6,089 |  |  | $ | 371,158 |
Multi-family
Pass |  | $ | 44,034 |  |  | $ | 78,646 |  |  | $ | 99,032 |  |  | $ | 53,945 |  |  | $ | 32,475 |  |  | $ | 47,177 |  |  | $ | 7,403 |  |  | $ | 502 |  |  | $ | 363,214 |
Pass-Watch |  | 2,747 |  |  | 6,671 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,827 |  |  | 55 |  |  | 6,096 |  |  | 349 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 24,753 |
Substandard |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 316 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 459 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 775 |
Total |  | $ | 46,781 |  |  | $ | 85,317 |  |  | $ | 99,348 |  |  | $ | 62,772 |  |  | $ | 32,530 |  |  | $ | 53,732 |  |  | $ | 7,752 |  |  | $ | 510 |  |  | $ | 388,742 |
One-to-four family residential
Pass |  | $ | 91,683 |  |  | $ | 87,716 |  |  | $ | 87,384 |  |  | $ | 65,721 |  |  | $ | 23,325 |  |  | $ | 50,394 |  |  | $ | 57,222 |  |  | $ | 5,291 |  |  | $ | 468,736 |
Pass-Watch |  | 2,503 |  |  | 412 |  |  | 958 |  |  | 332 |  |  | 608 |  |  | 2,219 |  |  | 219 |  |  | 321 |  |  | 7,572 |
Substandard |  | 490 |  |  | 2,268 |  |  | 814 |  |  | 831 |  |  | 801 |  |  | 4,245 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,898 |  |  | 12,347 |
Total |  | $ | 94,676 |  |  | $ | 90,396 |  |  | $ | 89,156 |  |  | $ | 66,884 |  |  | $ | 24,734 |  |  | $ | 56,858 |  |  | $ | 57,441 |  |  | $ | 8,510 |  |  | $ | 488,655 |
Agricultural and farmland
Pass |  | $ | 31,739 |  |  | $ | 36,428 |  |  | $ | 39,008 |  |  | $ | 37,683 |  |  | $ | 10,797 |  |  | $ | 11,247 |  |  | $ | 97,954 |  |  | $ | 1,497 |  |  | $ | 266,353 |
Pass-Watch |  | 926 |  |  | 2,030 |  |  | 95 |  |  | 1,006 |  |  | 137 |  |  | 731 |  |  | 541 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,466 |
Substandard |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15 |  |  | 3,277 |  |  | — |  |  | 128 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,420 |
Total |  | $ | 32,665 |  |  | $ | 38,458 |  |  | $ | 39,118 |  |  | $ | 41,966 |  |  | $ | 10,934 |  |  | $ | 12,106 |  |  | $ | 98,495 |  |  | $ | 1,497 |  |  | $ | 275,239 |
Municipal, Consumer, and other
Pass |  | $ | 38,953 |  |  | $ | 58,869 |  |  | $ | 28,671 |  |  | $ | 15,023 |  |  | $ | 1,639 |  |  | $ | 44,137 |  |  | $ | 28,433 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 215,726 |
Pass-Watch |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,750 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,771 |
Substandard |  | 63 |  |  | 85 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 43 |  |  | 15,176 |  |  | 17 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,391 |
Total |  | $ | 39,016 |  |  | $ | 58,958 |  |  | $ | 28,676 |  |  | $ | 15,042 |  |  | $ | 1,682 |  |  | $ | 61,063 |  |  | $ | 28,450 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 232,888 |
Total by Risk Rating
Pass |  | $ | 562,691 |  |  | $ | 783,615 |  |  | $ | 645,616 |  |  | $ | 354,629 |  |  | $ | 206,642 |  |  | $ | 241,263 |  |  | $ | 365,176 |  |  | $ | 24,533 |  |  | $ | 3,184,165 |
Pass-Watch |  | 7,812 |  |  | 14,017 |  |  | 12,096 |  |  | 11,089 |  |  | 10,489 |  |  | 16,733 |  |  | 16,200 |  |  | 1,923 |  |  | 90,359 |
Substandard |  | 14,443 |  |  | 3,945 |  |  | 4,528 |  |  | 4,223 |  |  | 3,967 |  |  | 32,689 |  |  | 1,318 |  |  | 3,149 |  |  | 68,262 |
Total |  | $ | 584,946 |  |  | $ | 801,577 |  |  | $ | 662,240 |  |  | $ | 369,941 |  |  | $ | 221,098 |  |  | $ | 290,685 |  |  | $ | 382,694 |  |  | $ | 29,605 |  |  | $ | 3,342,786 |

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