Schedule of net loans

Loans, net of deferred costs and fees, consist of the following (in thousands):


	At		At
	June 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Real estate
Commercial	$	4,056,013	$	3,857,711
Construction		146,596		153,512
Multi-family		440,124		467,536
One-to four-family		92,431		94,704
Total real estate loans		4,735,164		4,573,463
Commercial and industrial		1,105,294		1,051,463
Consumer		15,074		17,086
Total loans		5,855,532		5,642,012
Deferred fees, net of origination costs		(16,640)		(17,215)
Loans, net of deferred fees and costs		5,838,892		5,624,797
Allowance for credit losses		(60,008)		(57,965)
Net loans	$	5,778,884	$	5,566,832

Schedule of allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment

The following tables present the balance in the ACL and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment based on allowance measurement methodology (in thousands):


									One-to four-
At June 30, 2024	CRE		C&I		Construction		Multi-family		family		Consumer		Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Individually assessed	$	—	$	2,800	$	—	$	5,002	$	—	$	206	$	8,008
Collectively assessed		38,484		8,482		1,759		2,825		131		319		52,000
Total ending allowance balance	$	38,484	$	11,282	$	1,759	$	7,827	$	131	$	525	$	60,008
Loans:
Individually assessed	$	24,000	$	45,644	$	—	$	51,239	$	—	$	388	$	121,271
Collectively assessed		4,032,013		1,059,650		146,596		388,885		92,431		14,686		5,734,261
Total ending loan balance	$	4,056,013	$	1,105,294	$	146,596	$	440,124	$	92,431	$	15,074	$	5,855,532


									One-to four-
At December 31, 2023	CRE		C&I		Construction		Multi-family		family		Consumer		Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Individually assessed	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	5,002	$	—	$	64	$	5,066
Collectively assessed		35,635		11,207		1,765		3,213		663		416		52,899
Total ending allowance balance	$	35,635	$	11,207	$	1,765	$	8,215	$	663	$	480	$	57,965
Loans:
Individually assessed	$	40,955	$	6,934	$	—	$	20,939	$	—	$	104	$	68,932
Collectively assessed		3,816,756		1,044,529		153,512		446,597		94,704		16,982		5,573,080
Total ending loan balance	$	3,857,711	$	1,051,463	$	153,512	$	467,536	$	94,704	$	17,086	$	5,642,012

Schedule of aging of the recorded investment in past due loans by class of loans

The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans by class of loans (in thousands):


					90
	30-59		60-89		Days and		Total Past		Current
At June 30, 2024	Days		Days		Greater		Due		Loans		Total
Commercial real estate	$	4,893	$	—	$	24,000	$	28,893	$	4,027,120	$	4,056,013
Commercial & industrial		9		—		6,989		6,998		1,098,296		1,105,294
Construction		—		—		—		—		146,596		146,596
Multi-family		—		—		—		—		440,124		440,124
One-to four-family		2,071		605		—		2,676		89,755		92,431
Consumer		216		64		108		388		14,686		15,074
Total	$	7,189	$	669	$	31,097	$	38,955	$	5,816,577	$	5,855,532


					90
	30-59		60-89		Days and		Total Past		Current
At December 31, 2023	Days		Days		Greater		Due		Loans		Total
Commercial real estate	$	—	$	—	$	24,000	$	24,000	$	3,833,711	$	3,857,711
Commercial & industrial		20		18		6,934		6,973		1,044,490		1,051,463
Construction		—		—		—		—		153,512		153,512
Multi-family		—		—		20,939		20,939		446,597		467,536
One-to four-family		612		—		—		612		94,092		94,704
Consumer		—		—		24		24		17,062		17,086
Total	$	632	$	18	$	51,897	$	52,548	$	5,589,464	$	5,642,012

Schedule of risk category of loans by class of loans

The following table presents loan balances by credit quality indicator and year of origination at June 30, 2024 and charge-offs for the six months ended June 30, 2024 (in thousands):


											2019
	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		& Prior		Revolving		Total
CRE
Pass	$	778,621	$	1,279,002	$	1,144,603	$	380,807	$	128,203	$	203,136	$	27,156	$	3,941,528
Special Mention		—		24,500		38,785		14,408		294		12,498		—		90,485
Substandard		—		—		24,000		—		—		—		—		24,000
Total	$	778,621	$	1,303,502	$	1,207,388	$	395,215	$	128,497	$	215,634	$	27,156	$	4,056,013

Construction
Pass	$	45,227	$	45,221	$	32,701	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	23,447	$	146,596
Total	$	45,227	$	45,221	$	32,701	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	23,447	$	146,596

Multi-family
Pass	$	105,362	$	83,324	$	74,430	$	61,207	$	23,424	$	37,863	$	3,275	$	388,885
Substandard		—		—		30,300		20,939		—		—		—		51,239
Total	$	105,362	$	83,324	$	104,730	$	82,146	$	23,424	$	37,863	$	3,275	$	440,124

One-to four-family
Current	$	—	$	45,000	$	3,619	$	—	$	9,646	$	34,166	$	—	$	92,431
Total	$	—	$	45,000	$	3,619	$	—	$	9,646	$	34,166	$	—	$	92,431

C&I
Pass	$	145,914	$	116,860	$	201,757	$	79,865	$	19,999	$	14,270	$	445,731	$	1,024,396
Special Mention		—		—		19,754		—		—		—		15,500		35,254
Substandard		—		7,644		20,968		4,747		—		—		12,285		45,644
Total	$	145,914	$	124,504	$	242,479	$	84,612	$	19,999	$	14,270	$	473,516	$	1,105,294

Consumer
Current	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	14,686	$	—	$	14,686
Past due		—		—		—		—		—		388		—		388
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	15,074	$	—	$	15,074

Total
Pass/Current	$	1,075,124	$	1,569,407	$	1,457,110	$	521,879	$	181,272	$	304,121	$	499,609	$	5,608,522
Special Mention		—		24,500		58,539		14,408		294		12,498		15,500		125,739
Substandard/Past due		—		7,644		75,268		25,686		—		388		12,285		121,271
Total	$	1,075,124	$	1,601,551	$	1,590,917	$	561,973	$	181,566	$	317,007	$	527,394	$	5,855,532

Charge-offs
Consumer	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	18	$	—	$	18

The following table presents loan balances by credit quality indicator and year of origination at December 31, 2023 and charge-offs for the year ended December 31, 2023 (in thousands):


											2018
	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		& Prior		Revolving		Total
CRE
Pass	$	1,500,873	$	1,268,550	$	512,497	$	128,320	$	200,304	$	83,309	$	44,672	$	3,738,525
Special Mention		24,500		38,867		14,561		304		—		—		—		78,232
Substandard		—		40,954		—		—		—		—		—		40,954
Total	$	1,525,373	$	1,348,371	$	527,058	$	128,624	$	200,304	$	83,309	$	44,672	$	3,857,711

Construction
Pass	$	84,881	$	56,065	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	12,566	$	153,512
Total	$	84,881	$	56,065	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	12,566	$	153,512

Multi-family
Pass	$	115,761	$	114,652	$	51,768	$	23,655	$	34,533	$	69,510	$	6,415	$	416,294
Special Mention		—		30,303		—		—		—		—		—		30,303
Substandard		—		—		20,939		—		—		—		—		20,939
Total	$	115,761	$	144,955	$	72,707	$	23,655	$	34,533	$	69,510	$	6,415	$	467,536

One-to four-family
Current	$	45,000	$	4,081	$	—	$	9,784	$	12,157	$	23,682	$	—	$	94,704
Total	$	45,000	$	4,081	$	—	$	9,784	$	12,157	$	23,682	$	—	$	94,704

C&I
Pass	$	178,814	$	252,359	$	98,753	$	23,943	$	14,390	$	5,904	$	402,247	$	976,410
Special Mention		3,840		33,918		—		2,080		—		—		28,281		68,119
Substandard		3,435		—		—		—		—		—		3,499		6,934
Total	$	186,089	$	286,277	$	98,753	$	26,023	$	14,390	$	5,904	$	434,027	$	1,051,463

Consumer
Current	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	17,062	$	—	$	17,062
Past due		—		—		—		—		—		24		—		24
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	17,086	$	—	$	17,086

Total
Pass/Current	$	1,925,329	$	1,695,707	$	663,018	$	185,702	$	261,384	$	199,467	$	465,900	$	5,396,507
Special Mention		28,340		103,088		14,561		2,384		—		—		28,281		176,654
Substandard/Past due		3,435		40,954		20,939		—		—		24		3,499		68,851
Total	$	1,957,104	$	1,839,749	$	698,518	$	188,086	$	261,384	$	199,491	$	497,680	$	5,642,012

Charge-offs
Commercial and industrial	$	—	$	—	$	915	$	—	$	—	$	31	$	—	$	946
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—		273		—		273
	$	—	$	—	$	915	$	—	$	—	$	304	$	—	$	1,219

Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Line Items]