<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-21-035633.txt : 20210312
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-21-035633.hdr.sgml : 20210312
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20210312164634
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-21-035633
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	POSASR
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		6
FILED AS OF DATE:		20210312
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20210312
EFFECTIVENESS DATE:		20210312

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			REDWOOD TRUST INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000930236
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUSTS [6798]
		IRS NUMBER:				680329422
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			MD
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		POSASR
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-231338
		FILM NUMBER:		21738153

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE BELVEDERE PLACE
		STREET 2:		SUITE 300
		CITY:			MILL VALLEY
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			94941
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(415) 380-2317

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE BELVEDERE PLACE
		STREET 2:		SUITE 300
		CITY:			MILL VALLEY
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			94941
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>POSASR
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>tm217957d3_posasr.htm
<DESCRIPTION>POSASR
<TEXT>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">As filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on March 12, 2021</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Registration No. 333-231338</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">UNITED STATES<BR>
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION<BR>
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 1</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">TO</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">FORM S-3<BR>
REGISTRATION STATEMENT<BR>
UNDER<BR>
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933</P>



<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 18pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Redwood Trust, Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Exact name of registrant as specified in
its charter)</P>

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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><B>Maryland</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>68-0329422</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(State or other jurisdiction of<BR>
incorporation or organization)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(I.R.S. Employer<BR>
Identification Number)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">One Belvedere Place, Suite 300<BR>
Mill Valley, CA 94941<BR>
(415) 389-7373</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Address, including zip code, and telephone
number,<BR>
including area code, of registrant&rsquo;s principal executive offices)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Christopher J. Abate<BR>
Chief Executive Officer<BR>
Redwood Trust, Inc.<BR>
One Belvedere Place, Suite 300<BR>
Mill Valley, CA 94941<BR>
(415) 389-7373</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><I>Copies to:</I><BR>
        William J. Cernius, Esq.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Brian D. Paulson, Esq.<BR>
        Latham &amp; Watkins LLP<BR>
        650 Town Center Drive, 20th Floor<BR>
        Costa Mesa, CA 92626<BR>
        (714) 540-1235</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Name, address, including zip code, and
telephone number,<BR>
including area code, of agent for service)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Approximate date
of commencement of proposed sale to the public:</B> From time to time after the effective date of this Registration Statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If the only securities
being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following
box. <FONT STYLE="font-family: MS Gothic, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If any of the securities
being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act
of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box.
<FONT STYLE="font-family: MS Gothic, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#120;</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If this Form is filed
to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following
box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.
<FONT STYLE="font-family: MS Gothic, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If this Form is a post-effective
amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration
statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. <FONT STYLE="font-family: MS Gothic, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If this Form is a registration
statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with
the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. <FONT STYLE="font-family: MS Gothic, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#120;</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If this Form is a post-effective
amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional
classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. <FONT STYLE="font-family: MS Gothic, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Indicate by check mark
whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company,
or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of &ldquo;large accelerated filer,&rdquo; &ldquo;accelerated filer&rdquo;, &ldquo;smaller
reporting company&rdquo; and &ldquo;emerging growth company&rdquo; in Rule 12b&#45;2 of the Exchange Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 25%; text-align: justify">Large accelerated filer</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 25%; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#120;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 25%; text-align: justify">Accelerated filer</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 25%; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Non-accelerated filer</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Smaller reporting company</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify">Emerging Growth Company</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If an emerging growth
company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any
new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of Securities Act. <FONT STYLE="font-family: MS Gothic, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 47%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>Title
        of Each Class of Securities<BR>
        to be Registered</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>Amount
        to be<BR>
 Registered<SUP>(1)(2)</SUP></B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 14%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>Proposed<BR>

        Maximum<BR>
 Offering<BR>
 Price Per<BR>
 Unit<SUP>(1)(2)</SUP></B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 11%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>Proposed<BR>

        Maximum<BR>
 Aggregate<BR>
 Offering<BR>
 Price<SUP>(1)(2)</SUP></B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 13%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>Amount
        of<BR>
 Registration Fee<SUP>(3)</SUP></B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 8.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -8.8pt">Debt Securities, Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Warrants, Stockholder Rights, Units</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
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    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
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    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin-top: 1pt; margin-bottom: 1pt; width: 100%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 0.5pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page --></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 8.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -8.8pt"><B>Total</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
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    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
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    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
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    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
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</TABLE>



<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(1)</TD>
    <TD>Omitted pursuant to Form S-3 General Instruction II.E.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">An unspecified number of securities or aggregate principal amount, as applicable, is being registered
as may from time to time be offered at unspecified prices and, in addition, an unspecified number of additional shares of Common
Stock is being registered as may be issued from time to time upon conversion of any Debt Securities that are convertible into Common
Stock or pursuant to any anti-dilution adjustments with respect to any such convertible Debt Securities. Separate consideration
may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities or that are
issued in units.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">In accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, we are deferring payment of the entire registration fee, except for $658,130.76, which was previously paid with respect to unsold securities having an aggregate initial offering price of $4,825,005,547.07 that were registered pursuant to Registration Statement No. 333-211339, initially filed by Sequoia Residential Funding, Inc. on May 13, 2016. Pursuant to Rule 457(p) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, such unutilized registration fee may be applied to the registration fee payable pursuant to this registration statement. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">EXPLANATORY NOTE</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This
Post-Effective Amendment No. 1, or Amendment, to Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-231338) has been filed by
the registrant for the purpose of (i) amending the &ldquo;Calculation of Registration Fee&rdquo; table to revise the
 &ldquo;Amount of Registration Fee&rdquo; and to carry forward unutilized registration fees from a prior registration
statement, (ii) updating certain information in the base prospectus and (iii) filing additional exhibits to the Registration
Statement under Item 16 of Part II hereof. This Amendment shall become effective immediately upon filing with the Securities
and Exchange Commission.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B></B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>PROSPECTUS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="tm217957-2_posasrimg1.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Redwood Trust, Inc.<BR>
Debt Securities<BR>
Common Stock<BR>
Preferred Stock<BR>
Warrants<BR>
Stockholder Rights<BR>
Units</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may from time to
time offer, in one or more classes or series, separately or together, and in amounts, at prices and on terms to be set forth in
one or more supplements to this prospectus, the following securities:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">debt securities, which may consist of debentures, notes, or other types of debt;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">shares of our common stock;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">shares of our preferred stock;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">warrants to purchase shares of our common stock or preferred stock;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">rights issuable to our stockholders to purchase shares of our common stock or preferred stock,
to purchase warrants exercisable for shares of our common stock or preferred stock, or to purchase units consisting of two or more
of the foregoing; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">units consisting of two or more of the foregoing.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We refer to the debt
securities, common stock, preferred stock, warrants, rights and units registered hereunder collectively as the &ldquo;securities&rdquo;
in this prospectus. The specific terms of each series or class of the securities will be set forth in the applicable prospectus
supplement and will include, among other things, where applicable:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">in the case of debt securities, the specific title, aggregate principal amount, currency, form
(which may be certificated or global), authorized denominations, maturity, rate (or manner of calculating the rate) and time of
payment of interest, terms for redemption at our option or repayment at the holder&rsquo;s option, terms for sinking payments,
terms for conversion into shares of our common stock or preferred stock, covenants, and any initial public offering price;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">in the case of preferred stock, the specific designation, preferences, conversion and other rights,
voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to transferability, dividends and other distributions, and terms and conditions of
redemption and any initial public offering price;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">in the case of warrants or rights, the duration, offering price, exercise price, and detachability;
and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">in the case of units, the constituent securities comprising the units, the offering price, and
detachability.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition, the
specific terms may include limitations on actual or constructive ownership and restrictions on transfer of the securities, in
each case as may be appropriate, among other purposes, to preserve the status of our company as a real estate investment
trust, or REIT, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The applicable prospectus supplement will also contain information,
where applicable, about certain U.S. federal income tax consequences relating to, and any listing on a securities exchange
of, the securities covered by such prospectus supplement. You should read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement
carefully before you invest in any of our securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The securities may
be offered directly by us or by any selling security holder, through agents designated from time to time by us or to or through
underwriters or dealers. If any agents, dealers, or underwriters are involved in the sale of any of the securities, their names,
and any applicable purchase price, fee, commission, or discount arrangement between or among them will be set forth, or will be
calculable from the information set forth, in the applicable prospectus supplement. See the sections entitled &ldquo;Plan of Distribution&rdquo;
and &ldquo;About This Prospectus&rdquo; for more information. No securities may be sold without delivery of this prospectus and
the applicable prospectus supplement describing the method and terms of the offering of such series of securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our common stock currently
trades on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, under the symbol &ldquo;RWT&rdquo;. On March 11, 2021, the last reported sale
price of our common stock was $10.51 per share.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Investing in our securities
involves risks. See &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; beginning on page 1 of this prospectus and any similar section contained in the
applicable prospectus supplement concerning factors you should consider before investing in our securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This prospectus may
not be used to offer or sell any securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Neither the Securities
and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this
prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">The date of this prospectus is March 12, 2021.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">TABLE OF CONTENTS</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right; text-indent: 0in"><B>Page</B></P>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; width: 90%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_001">About This Prospectus</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; width: 10%; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_001">1</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_002">Risk Factors</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_002">1</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_003">Cautionary Statement</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_003">2</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_004">Redwood Trust, Inc.</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_004">3</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_005">Use of Proceeds</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_005">4</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_006">General Description of Securities</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_006">5</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_007">Description of Debt Securities</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_007">6</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_008">Description of Common Stock</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_008">7</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_009">Description of Preferred Stock</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_009">8</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_010">Description of Securities Warrants</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_010">9</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_011">Description of Rights to Purchase Shares of Common or Preferred Stock</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_011">10</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_012">Description of Units</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_012">11</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_013">Global Securities</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_013">12</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_014">Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer and Repurchase of Shares</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_014">14</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_015">Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of our Charter and Bylaws</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_015">16</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_016">Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#toc1_016">18</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#Split7_001">Plan of Distribution</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#Split7_001">45</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#Split7_002">Validity of the Securities</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#Split7_002">47</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#Split7_003">Experts</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#Split7_003">48</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#Split7_004">Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#Split7_004">49</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#Split7_005">Where You Can Find More Information</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 3pt"><A HREF="#Split7_005">50</A></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>You should rely
only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. We
have not authorized anyone else to provide you with different or additional information. We are offering to sell the securities
and seeking offers to buy the securities only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>We have not authorized
any dealer or other person to give any information or to make any representation other than those contained or incorporated by
reference in this prospectus and any accompanying supplement to this prospectus. You must not rely upon any information or representation
not contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying supplement to this prospectus. This prospectus
and any accompanying supplement to this prospectus do not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any
securities other than the registered securities to which they relate, nor do this prospectus and any accompanying supplement to
this prospectus constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction to any person
to whom it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction. You should not assume that the information contained
in this prospectus and any accompanying supplement to this prospectus is accurate on any date subsequent to the date set forth
on the front of the document or that any information we have incorporated by reference is correct on any date subsequent to the
date of the document incorporated by reference, even though this prospectus and any accompanying supplement to this prospectus
is delivered or securities are sold on a later date.</B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_001"></A>About
This Prospectus</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This prospectus is
part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, using a &ldquo;shelf&rdquo;
registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may sell the securities described in this prospectus in one or
more offerings. This prospectus sets forth certain terms of the securities that we may offer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Each time we offer
securities, we will attach a prospectus supplement to this prospectus. The prospectus supplement will contain the specific description
of the terms of the offering. The prospectus supplement will supersede this prospectus to the extent it contains information that
is different from, or that conflicts with, the information contained in this prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">It is important for
you to read and consider all information contained in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including the information
incorporated by reference herein and therein, in making your investment decision. You should also read and consider the information
contained in the documents identified under the heading &ldquo;Where You Can Find More Information&rdquo; in this prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise indicated
or unless the context requires otherwise, all references in this prospectus to &ldquo;we,&rdquo; &ldquo;us,&rdquo; &ldquo;our&rdquo;
or &ldquo;Redwood&rdquo; mean Redwood Trust, Inc. and our consolidated subsidiaries, except where it is made clear that the terms
mean Redwood Trust, Inc. only.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our principal executive
offices are located at One Belvedere Place, Suite 300, Mill Valley, California 94941; our telephone number is (415) 389-7373.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_002"></A>Risk
Factors</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">You should carefully
consider any specific risks set forth under the caption &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; in the applicable prospectus supplement and
under the caption &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and subsequent quarterly reports on
Form 10-Q, incorporated into this prospectus by reference, as updated by our subsequent filings under the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. You should consider carefully those risk factors together with all of the other information
included and incorporated by reference in this prospectus before you decide to purchase our securities. The occurrence of any of
these risks might cause you to lose all or part of your investment in the offered securities.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_003"></A>Cautionary
Statement</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This prospectus and
the documents incorporated by reference herein contain forward-looking statements <FONT STYLE="color: #231F20">within the meaning
of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended</FONT>.
Forward-looking statements involve numerous risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ from our beliefs, expectations,
estimates, and projections and, consequently, you should not rely on these forward-looking statements as predictions of future
events. Forward-looking statements are not historical in nature and can be identified by words such as &ldquo;anticipate,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;estimate,&rdquo; &ldquo;will,&rdquo; &ldquo;should,&rdquo; &ldquo;expect,&rdquo; &ldquo;believe,&rdquo; &ldquo;intend,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;seek,&rdquo; &ldquo;plan,&rdquo; and similar expressions or their negative forms, or by references to strategy, plans, or
intentions. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, including, among other things, those described
in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement under the caption &ldquo;Risk Factors.&rdquo; Other risks, uncertainties,
and factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected are summarized below and described from time
to time in reports we file with the SEC, including under the heading &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; in our most recent annual report
on Form 10-K and subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K. We undertake no obligation to update
or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Important
factors, among others, that may affect our actual results include: the pace at which we redeploy our available capital into
new investments and initiatives; our ability to scale our platform and systems, particularly with respect to specific
initiatives; interest rate volatility, changes in credit spreads (the market value yield on a loan or security less the
relevant risk-free benchmark interest rate), and changes in liquidity in the market for real estate securities and loans;
changes in the demand from investors for residential mortgages and investments, and our ability to distribute residential
mortgages through our whole-loan distribution channel; our ability to finance our investments in securities and our
acquisition of residential mortgages with short-term debt; the availability of assets for purchase at attractive
risk-adjusted returns and our ability to reinvest cash and the proceeds from the potential sale of securities and investments
we hold; changes in the values of assets we own; higher than expected operating expenses due to delays or decreases in the
realization of expected operating expense reductions related to the repositioning of our conforming mortgage banking
activities and commercial loan origination activities, and other unforeseen expenses; general economic trends, the
performance of the housing, commercial real estate, mortgage, credit, and broader financial markets, and their effects on the
prices of earning assets and the credit status of borrowers; the impact of changes to U.S. federal income tax laws on the
U.S. housing market, mortgage finance markets, and our business; changes to fiscal, tax, and other federal policies by
Congress or Presidential administrations; developments related to the fixed income and mortgage finance markets and the
Federal Reserve&rsquo;s statements regarding its future open market activity and monetary policy; federal and state
legislative and regulatory developments, and the actions of governmental authorities, including U.S. presidential
administrations, and in particular those affecting the mortgage industry or our business (including, but not limited to, the
Federal Housing Finance Agency&rsquo;s rules relating to FHLB membership requirements and the implications for our captive
insurance subsidiary&rsquo;s membership in the FHLB); strategic business and capital deployment decisions we make; our
exposure to credit risk and the timing of credit losses within our portfolio; the concentration of the credit risks we are
exposed to, including due to the structure of assets we hold and the geographical concentration of real estate underlying
assets we own; our exposure to adjustable-rate mortgage loans; the efficacy and expense of our efforts to manage or hedge
credit risk, interest rate risk, and other financial and operational risks; changes in credit ratings on assets we own and
changes in the rating agencies&rsquo; credit rating methodologies; changes in interest rates; changes in mortgage prepayment
rates; changes in liquidity in the market for real estate securities and loans; our ability to finance the acquisition of
real estate-related assets with short-term debt; the ability of counterparties to satisfy their obligations to us; our
involvement in securitization transactions, the profitability of those transactions, and the risks we are exposed to in
engaging in securitization transactions; exposure to claims and litigation, including litigation arising from our involvement
in securitization transactions; litigation against various trustees of residential mortgage-backed securities transactions;
whether we have sufficient liquid assets to meet short&#45;term needs; our ability to successfully compete and retain or
attract key personnel; our ability to adapt our business model and strategies to changing circumstances; changes in our
investment, financing, and hedging strategies and new risks we may be exposed to if we expand our business activities; our
exposure to a disruption or breach of the security of our technology infrastructure and systems; exposure to environmental
liabilities; our failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations; our failure to maintain appropriate internal
controls over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures; the impact on our reputation that could result from
our actions or omissions or from those of others; changes in accounting principles and tax rules; our ability to maintain our
status as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes; limitations imposed on our business due to our REIT status and our
status as exempt from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940; decisions about raising, managing, and
distributing capital; <FONT STYLE="color: #231F20">our ability to successfully negotiate, execute and close the proposed
acquisition of an operating platform that originates business purpose residential mortgage loans, together with an associated
portfolio of loans and subordinate mortgage-backed securities on the terms or timetable that we currently contemplate, or at
all, structure the proposed acquisition in a manner that is accretive to us over the long term, secure collateralized
financing for the associated portfolio as part of the acquisition, and efficiently complete the integration of the acquired
platform; a</FONT>nd other factors not presently identified.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_004"></A>Redwood
Trust, Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20">Redwood
Trust, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, is a specialty finance company focused on several distinct areas of housing credit.
Our operating platforms occupy a unique position in the housing finance value chain, providing liquidity to growing segments of
the U.S. housing market not served by government programs. We deliver customized housing credit investments to a diverse mix of
investors, through our best-in-class securitization platforms; whole-loan distribution activities; and our publicly-traded shares.
Our consolidated investment portfolio has evolved to incorporate a diverse mix of residential, business purpose and multifamily
investments. Our goal is to provide attractive returns to shareholders through a stable and growing stream of earnings and dividends,
capital appreciation, and a commitment to technological innovation that facilitates risk-minded scale. We operate our business
in three segments: Residential Lending, Business Purpose Lending, and Third-Party Investments.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20">Our
primary sources of income are net interest income from our investments and non-interest income from our mortgage banking activities.
Net interest income consists of the interest income we earn on investments less the interest expense we incur on borrowed funds
and other liabilities. Income from mortgage banking activities is generated through the origination and acquisition of loans, and
their subsequent sale, securitization, or transfer to our investment portfolios.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20">Redwood
Trust, Inc. has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended,
or the Code, beginning with its taxable year ended December 31, 1994. We generally refer, collectively, to Redwood Trust, Inc.
and those of its subsidiaries that are not subject to subsidiary level corporate income tax as &ldquo;the REIT&rdquo; or &ldquo;our
REIT.&rdquo; We generally refer to subsidiaries of Redwood Trust, Inc. that are subject to subsidiary-level corporate income tax
as &ldquo;our taxable REIT subsidiaries&rdquo; or &ldquo;TRS.&rdquo; Our mortgage banking activities and investments in mortgage
servicing rights, or MSRs, are generally carried out through our taxable REIT subsidiaries, while our portfolio of mortgage- and
other real estate-related investments is primarily held at our REIT. We generally intend to retain profits generated and taxed
at our taxable REIT subsidiaries, and to distribute as dividends at least 90% of the taxable income we generate at our REIT.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; color: #231F20"><I>Our
Business Segments</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20">Beginning
in the second quarter of 2020, we combined what was previously our Multifamily Investments segment and Third-Party Residential
Investments segment into a new segment called Third-Party Investments. We conformed the presentation of prior periods in accordance
with these new segments, a current description of which are below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20"><I>Residential
Lending</I> &mdash; consists of a mortgage loan conduit that acquires residential loans from third-party originators for subsequent
sale, securitization, or transfer into our investment portfolio, as well as the investments we retain from these activities. We
typically acquire prime, jumbo mortgages and the related mortgage servicing rights on a flow basis from our network of loan sellers
and distribute those loans through our Sequoia private-label securitization program or to institutions that acquire pools of whole
loans. Our investments in this segment primarily consist of residential mortgage-backed securities, or RMBS, retained from our
Sequoia securitizations (some of which we consolidate for Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States, or GAAP,
purposes) and MSRs retained from jumbo whole loans we sold or securitized. This segment also includes various derivative financial
instruments that we utilize to manage certain risks associated with our inventory of residential loans held-for-sale and long-term
investments we hold within this segment. This segment&rsquo;s main source of revenue is net interest income from its long-term
investments and its inventory of loans held-for-sale, as well as income from mortgage banking activities, which includes valuation
increases (or gains) on loans we acquire and subsequently sell, securitize, or transfer into our investment portfolio, and the
hedges used to manage risks associated with these activities. Additionally, this segment may realize gains and losses upon the
sale of securities. Funding expenses, direct operating expenses, and tax expenses associated with these activities are also included
in this segment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20"><I>Business
Purpose Lending</I> &mdash; consists of a platform that originates and acquires business purpose loans for subsequent
securitization or transfer into our investment portfolio, as well as the investments we retain from these activities. We
typically originate single-family rental and bridge loans and distribute most of our single-family rental loans through our
CoreVest American Finance Lender, or CAFL, private-label securitization program and generally retain our bridge loans for
investment. Single-family rental loans are business purpose mortgage loans to investors in single-family (1-4 unit) rental
properties. Bridge loans are business purpose mortgage loans to investors rehabilitating and subsequently reselling or
renting residential and small-balance multifamily properties. Our investments in this segment primarily consist of securities
retained from our CAFL securitizations (which we consolidate for GAAP purposes), and bridge loans. This segment also includes
various derivative financial instruments that we utilize to manage certain risks associated with our inventory of
single-family rental loans held-for-sale and our investments. This segment&rsquo;s main source of revenue is net interest
income from its investments and loans held-for-sale, as well as income from mortgage banking activities, which includes
valuation increases (or gains) on loans we originate or acquire and subsequently sell, securitize or transfer into our
investment portfolio, and the hedges used to manage risks associated with these activities. Additionally, this segment may
realize gains and losses upon the sale of securities. Funding expenses, direct operating expenses, and tax expenses
associated with these activities are also included in this segment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: #231F20"><I>Third-Party
Investments</I> &mdash;</FONT> consists of investments in RMBS issued by third parties, investments in Freddie Mac K-Series multifamily
loan securitizations and <FONT STYLE="color: #231F20">Seasoned Loans Structured Transaction, or</FONT> SLST, reperforming loan
securitizations (both of which we consolidate for GAAP purposes), our servicer advance investments, and other residential and multifamily
credit investments not generated through our Residential or Business Purpose Lending segments. This segment&rsquo;s main sources
of revenue are interest income from securities and loans held-forinvestment. Additionally, this segment may realize gains and losses
upon the sale of securities. Funding expenses, hedging expenses, direct operating expenses, and tax provisions associated with
these activities are also included in this segment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; color: #231F20"><I>Consolidated
Securitization Entities</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20">We
sponsor our Sequoia securitization program, which we use for the securitization of residential mortgage loans. We are required
under GAAP to consolidate the assets and liabilities of certain securitization entities we have sponsored for financial reporting
purposes. We refer to certain of these securitization entities issued prior to 2012 as &ldquo;consolidated Legacy Sequoia entities,&rdquo;
and the securitization entities formed in connection with the securitization of Redwood Choice expanded-prime loans as the &quot;consolidated
Sequoia Choice entities.&quot; We also consolidate certain third-party Freddie Mac K-Series, Freddie Mac SLSTs, and CAFL securitization
entities that we determined were variable interest entities, or VIEs, and for which we determined we were the primary beneficiary.
Where applicable, in analyzing our results of operations, we distinguish results from current operations &quot;at Redwood&quot;
and from consolidated entities. Each of these consolidated entities is independent of Redwood and of each other, and the assets
and liabilities of these entities are not owned by us or legal obligations of ours, respectively, although we are exposed to certain
financial risks associated with any role we carry out for these entities (<I>e.g.</I>, as sponsor or depositor) and, to the extent
we hold securities issued by, or other investments in, these entities, we are exposed to the performance of these entities and
the assets they hold.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20">We
were incorporated in the State of Maryland on April 11, 1994, and commenced operations on August 19, 1994. On March 1, 2019, we
completed the acquisition of 5 Arches, LLC, 5 Arches, at which time 5 Arches became a wholly-owned subsidiary. On October 15, 2019,
we acquired CoreVest American Finance Lender, LLC and certain affiliated entities, or CoreVest, at which time CoreVest became wholly
owned by us. We operate so as to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Our principal executive offices are located
at One Belvedere Place, Suite 300, Mill Valley, California 94941. Our telephone number is (415) 389-7373. Our website is www.redwoodtrust.com.
Information contained in or that can be accessed through our website is not part of, and is not incorporated into, this prospectus
or any accompanying prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; color: #231F20">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_005"></A>Use
of Proceeds</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise specified
in the applicable prospectus supplement for any offering of securities, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of securities
to fund our business and investment activity, which may include funding investment transactions, bridge loans, mortgage loans for
single-family rental properties, residential and multifamily mortgage backed securities, as well as for our mortgage banking business
and general corporate purposes.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_006"></A>General
Description of Securities</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The following is a
brief description of the material terms of our securities that may be offered under this prospectus. This description does not
purport to be complete and is subject in all respects to applicable Maryland law and to the provisions of our charter and bylaws,
including any amendments or supplements thereto, copies of which are on file with the SEC as described under &ldquo;Where You Can
Find Information&rdquo; and are incorporated by reference herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We, directly or through
agents, dealers, or underwriters designated from time to time, may offer, issue, and sell, together or separately:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">debt securities, which may consist of debentures, notes, or other types of debt;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">shares of our common stock;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">shares of our preferred stock;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">warrants to purchase shares of our common stock or preferred stock;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">rights issuable to our stockholders to purchase shares of our common stock or preferred stock,
to purchase warrants exercisable for shares of our common stock or preferred stock, or to purchase units consisting of two or more
of the foregoing; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">units consisting of two or more of the foregoing.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may issue the debt
securities as exchangeable for or convertible into shares of common stock, preferred stock, or other securities. The preferred
stock may also be exchangeable for and/or convertible into shares of common stock, another series of preferred stock, or other
securities. The debt securities, the preferred stock, the common stock, the warrants, the rights and the units are collectively
referred to in this prospectus as the securities. When a particular series of securities is offered, a supplement to this prospectus
will be delivered with this prospectus, which will set forth the terms of the offering and sale of the offered securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our charter provides
that we have authority to issue up to 180,000,000 shares of stock, par value $0.01 per share, all of which is currently classified
as common stock. Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, and we intend to so list any additional shares of our
common stock which are issued and sold hereunder. We may elect to list any future class or series of our securities issued hereunder
on an exchange, but we are not obligated to do so. Under Maryland law, our stockholders generally are not liable for our debts
or obligations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_007"></A>Description
of Debt Securities</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-indent: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement a
description of any debt securities issued by us that may be offered and sold pursuant to this prospectus.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_008"></A>Description
of Common Stock</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">All shares of common
stock offered by this prospectus will be duly authorized, fully paid, and nonassessable. Holders of our common stock are entitled
to receive dividends if, as, and when authorized by our board of directors and declared by us out of assets legally available for
the payment of dividends. They are also entitled to share ratably in our assets legally available for distribution to our stockholders
in the event of our liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, after payment of or adequate provision for all of our known debts
and liabilities. These rights are subject to the preferential rights of any other class or series of our stock and to the provisions
of our charter regarding restrictions on transfer of our stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">Subject to our charter
restrictions on transfer of our stock, each outstanding share of common stock entitles the holder to one vote on all matters submitted
to a vote of stockholders, including the election of directors. Except as provided with respect to any other class or series of
stock, the holders of our common stock will possess the exclusive voting power. There is no cumulative voting in the election of
directors, which means that the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock can elect all of the directors
then standing for election, and the holders of the remaining shares will not be able to elect any directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">Holders of our common
stock have no preference, conversion, exchange, sinking fund, redemption, or, if listed on the New York Stock Exchange, appraisal
rights and have no preemptive rights to subscribe for any of our securities. Subject to our charter restrictions on transfer of
our stock, all shares of common stock will have equal dividend, liquidation, and other rights.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Transfer Agent,
Registrar, and Dividend Disbursing Agent</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">The transfer agent
and registrar for our common stock is currently Computershare Trust Company, N.A. and its affiliate, Computershare Inc., acts as
dividend disbursing agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Power to Reclassify
Shares of Our Stock; Issuance of Additional Shares</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">Our charter authorizes
our board of directors to classify and reclassify from time to time any unissued shares of our stock into other classes or series
of stock, including preferred stock, and to cause the issuance of such shares. Prior to issuance of shares of each class or series,
the board of directors is required by Maryland law and by our charter to set, subject to our charter restrictions on transfer of
our stock, the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other
distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption for each class or series. We believe that the power to issue
additional shares of common stock or preferred stock and to classify or reclassify unissued shares of common or preferred stock
and thereafter to issue the classified or reclassified shares provides us with increased flexibility in structuring possible future
financings and acquisitions and in meeting other needs which might arise. These actions can be taken without stockholder approval,
unless stockholder approval is required by applicable law or the rules of any stock exchange or automated quotation system on which
our securities may be listed or traded. Although we have no present intention of doing so, we could issue a class or series of
stock that could delay, defer, or prevent a transaction or a change in control of Redwood Trust that might involve a premium price
for holders of common stock or otherwise be in their best interest. We have no shares of preferred stock presently outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_009"></A>Description
of Preferred Stock</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">Our charter authorizes
our board of directors to classify from time to time any unissued shares of stock in one or more classes or series of preferred
stock and to reclassify any previously classified but unissued preferred stock of any class or series in one or more classes or
series. If we offer preferred stock pursuant to this prospectus in the future, the applicable prospectus supplement will describe
the terms of such preferred stock, including the following, where applicable:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the designation of the shares and the number of shares that constitute the class or series;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the dividend rate (or the method of calculating dividends), if any, on the shares of the class
or series and the priority as to payment of dividends with respect to other classes or series of our shares of stock;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which
dividends on the preferred stock will accumulate;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the dividend periods (or the method of calculating the dividend periods);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the voting rights of the preferred stock, if any;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the liquidation preference and the priority as to payment of the liquidation preference with respect
to other classes or series of our stock and any other rights of the shares of the class or series upon our liquidation or winding-up;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the provision for a sinking fund, if any, for such preferred stock;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">whether or not and on what terms the shares of the class or series will be subject to redemption
or repurchase at our option;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the terms and conditions, if applicable, upon which such preferred stock will be converted into
the common stock, including the conversion price (or manner of calculation thereof);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">whether the shares of the class or series of preferred stock will be listed on a securities exchange
or quoted on an inter-dealer quotation system;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">any limitations on direct or beneficial ownership and restrictions on transfer applicable to the
preferred stock, in addition to those already set forth in our charter, that may be necessary to preserve our status as a REIT;
and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the other rights and privileges and any qualifications, limitations, or restrictions of the rights
or privileges of the class or series.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Transfer Agent,
Registrar, and Dividend Disbursing Agent</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">The transfer agent
and registrar for our preferred stock is currently Computershare Trust Company, N.A. and its affiliate, Computershare Inc., acts
as dividend disbursing agent. If different, we will specify in the applicable prospectus supplement the transfer agent, registrar,
and dividend disbursing agent for any series of preferred stock offered by that prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_010"></A>Description
of Securities Warrants</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">We may issue securities
warrants for the purchase of common stock or preferred stock, respectively referred to as common stock warrants and preferred stock
warrants. Securities warrants may be issued independently or together with any other securities offered by this prospectus and
any accompanying prospectus supplement and may be attached to or separate from such other securities. Each issuance of the securities
warrants will be issued under a separate securities warrant agreement to be entered into by us and a bank or trust company, as
securities warrant agent, all as set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the particular issue of offered securities
warrants. Each issue of securities warrants will be evidenced by securities warrant certificates. The securities warrant agent
will act solely as an agent of ours in connection with the securities warrant certificates and will not assume any obligation or
relationship of agency or trust for or with any holder of securities warrant certificates or beneficial owners of securities warrants.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">If we offer securities
warrants pursuant to this prospectus in the future, the applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of such securities
warrants, including the following, where applicable:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the offering price;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the aggregate number of shares purchasable upon exercise of such securities warrants, and in the
case of securities warrants for preferred stock, the designation, aggregate number, and terms of the class or series of preferred
stock purchasable upon exercise of such securities warrants;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the designation and terms of the securities with which such securities warrants are being offered,
if any, and the number of such securities warrants being offered with each such security;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the date on and after which such securities warrants and any related securities will be transferable
separately;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the number of shares of preferred stock or shares of common stock purchasable upon exercise of
each of such securities warrants and the price at which such number of shares of preferred stock or common stock may be purchased
upon such exercise;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the date on which the right to exercise such securities warrants shall commence and the expiration
date on which such right shall expire;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">U.S. federal income tax considerations; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">any other material terms of such securities warrants.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">Holders of future securities
warrants, if any, will not be entitled by virtue of being such holders, to vote, to consent, to receive dividends, to receive notice
with respect to any meeting of stockholders for the election of our directors or any other matter, or to exercise any rights whatsoever
as stockholders of Redwood Trust.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_011"></A>Description
of Rights to Purchase Shares of Common or Preferred Stock</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">We may issue, as a
dividend at no cost, to holders of record of our securities or any class or series thereof on the applicable record date, rights
to purchase shares of our common stock or preferred stock, to purchase warrants exercisable for shares of our common stock or preferred
stock, or to purchase units consisting of two or more of the foregoing. In this prospectus, we refer to such rights as &ldquo;stockholder
rights.&rdquo; If stockholders rights are so issued to existing holders of securities, each stockholder right will entitle the
registered holder thereof to purchase the securities issuable upon exercise of the rights pursuant to the terms set forth in the
applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">If stockholder rights
are issued, the applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of such stockholder rights including the following where
applicable:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">record date;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">subscription price;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">subscription agent;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">aggregate number of shares of preferred stock, shares of common stock, warrants, or units purchasable
upon exercise of such stockholder rights and in the case of stockholder rights for preferred stock or warrants exercisable for
preferred stock, the designation, aggregate number, and terms of the class or series of preferred stock purchasable upon exercise
of such stockholder rights or warrants;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the date on which the right to exercise such stockholder rights shall commence and the expiration
date on which such right shall expire;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">U.S. federal income tax considerations; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">other material terms of such stockholder rights.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">In addition to the
terms of the stockholder rights and the securities issuable upon exercise thereof, the prospectus supplement may describe, for
a holder of such stockholder rights who validly exercises all stockholder rights issued to such holder, how to subscribe for unsubscribed
securities, issuable pursuant to unexercised stockholder rights issued to other holders, to the extent such stockholder rights
have not been exercised.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">Holders of stockholder
rights will not be entitled by virtue of being such holders to vote, to consent, to receive dividends, to receive notice with respect
to any meeting of stockholders for the election of our directors or any other matter, or to exercise any rights whatsoever as stockholders
of Redwood Trust, except to the extent described in the related prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<!-- Field: Split-Segment; Name: 3 -->
<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_012"></A>Description
of Units</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may issue units
consisting of two or more other constituent securities. These units may be issuable as, and for a specified period of time may
be transferable only as, a single security, rather than as the separate constituent securities comprising such units. The statements
made in this section relating to the units are summaries only. These summaries are not complete. When we issue units, we will provide
the specific terms of the units in a prospectus supplement. To the extent the information contained in the prospectus supplement
differs from this summary description, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">When we issue units,
we will provide in a prospectus supplement the following terms of the units being issued:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the title of any series of units;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">identification and description of the separate constituent securities comprising the units;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the price or prices at which the units will be issued;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the date, if any, on and after which the constituent securities comprising the units will be separately
transferable;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">information with respect to any book-entry procedures;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">a discussion of any material or special U.S. federal income tax consequences applicable to an investment
in the units; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">any other terms of the units and their constituent securities.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_013"></A>Global
Securities</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Book-Entry, Delivery
and Form</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless we indicate
differently in a prospectus supplement, the securities (other than warrant securities) initially will be issued in book-entry form
and represented by one or more global notes or global securities, or, collectively, global securities. The global securities will
be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York, as depositary, or DTC, and registered in
the name of Cede &amp; Co., the nominee of DTC. Unless and until it is exchanged for individual certificates evidencing securities
under the limited circumstances described below, a global security may not be transferred except as a whole by the depositary to
its nominee or by the nominee to the depositary, or by the depositary or its nominee to a successor depositary or to a nominee
of the successor depositary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">DTC has advised us
that it is:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">a &ldquo;banking organization&rdquo; within the meaning of the New York Banking Law;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">a member of the Federal Reserve System;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">a &ldquo;clearing corporation&rdquo; within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code;
and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">a &ldquo;clearing agency&rdquo; registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Exchange
Act.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">DTC holds securities
that its participants deposit with DTC. DTC also facilitates the settlement among its participants of securities transactions,
such as transfers and pledges, in deposited securities through electronic computerized book-entry changes in participants&rsquo;
accounts, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. &ldquo;Direct participants&rdquo; in DTC
include securities brokers and dealers, including underwriters, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other organizations.
DTC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Depository Trust &amp; Clearing Corporation, or DTCC. DTCC is the holding company for DTC,
National Securities Clearing Corporation and Fixed Income Clearing Corporation, all of which are registered clearing agencies.
DTCC is owned by the users of its regulated subsidiaries. Access to the DTC system is also available to others, which we sometimes
refer to as indirect participants, that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a direct participant, either directly
or indirectly. The rules applicable to DTC and its participants are on file with the SEC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Purchases of securities
under the DTC system must be made by or through direct participants, which will receive a credit for the securities on DTC&rsquo;s
records. The ownership interest of the actual purchaser of a security, which we sometimes refer to as a beneficial owner, is in
turn recorded on the direct and indirect participants&rsquo; records. Beneficial owners of securities will not receive written
confirmation from DTC of their purchases. However, beneficial owners are expected to receive written confirmations providing details
of their transactions, as well as periodic statements of their holdings, from the direct or indirect participants through which
they purchased securities. Transfers of ownership interests in global securities are to be accomplished by entries made on the
books of participants acting on behalf of beneficial owners. Beneficial owners will not receive certificates representing their
ownership interests in the global securities, except under the limited circumstances described below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">To facilitate subsequent
transfers, all global securities deposited by direct participants with DTC will be registered in the name of DTC&rsquo;s partnership
nominee, Cede &amp; Co., or such other name as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. The deposit of securities
with DTC and their registration in the name of Cede &amp; Co. or such other nominee will not change the beneficial ownership of
the securities. DTC has no knowledge of the actual beneficial owners of the securities. DTC&rsquo;s records reflect only the identity
of the direct participants to whose accounts the securities are credited, which may or may not be the beneficial owners. The participants
are responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of their customers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">So long as the
securities are in book-entry form, you will receive payments and may transfer securities only through the facilities of the
depositary and its direct and indirect participants. We will maintain an office or agency in the location specified in the
prospectus supplement for the applicable securities, where notices and demands in respect of the securities and the indenture
may be delivered to us and where certificated securities may be surrendered for payment, registration of transfer or
exchange.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Conveyance of notices
and other communications by DTC to direct participants, by direct participants to indirect participants and by direct participants
and indirect participants to beneficial owners will be governed by arrangements among them, subject to any legal requirements in
effect from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Redemption notices
will be sent to DTC. If less than all of the securities of a particular series are being redeemed, DTC&rsquo;s practice is to determine
by lot the amount of the interest of each direct participant in the securities of such series to be redeemed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Neither DTC nor Cede
 &amp; Co. (or such other DTC nominee) will consent or vote with respect to the securities. Under its usual procedures, DTC will
mail an omnibus proxy to us as soon as possible after the record date. The omnibus proxy assigns the consenting or voting rights
of Cede &amp; Co. to those direct participants to whose accounts the securities of such series are credited on the record date,
identified in a listing attached to the omnibus proxy.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">So long as securities
are in book-entry form, we will make payments on those securities to the depositary or its nominee, as the registered owner of
such securities, by wire transfer of immediately available funds. If securities are issued in definitive certificated form under
the limited circumstances described below, we will have the option of making payments by check mailed to the addresses of the persons
entitled to payment or by wire transfer to bank accounts in the United States designated in writing to the applicable trustee or
other designated party at least 15 days before the applicable payment date by the persons entitled to payment, unless a shorter
period is satisfactory to the applicable trustee or other designated party.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Redemption proceeds,
distributions and dividend payments on the securities will be made to Cede &amp; Co., or such other nominee as may be requested
by an authorized representative of DTC. DTC&rsquo;s practice is to credit direct participants&rsquo; accounts upon DTC&rsquo;s
receipt of funds and corresponding detail information from us on the payment date in accordance with their respective holdings
shown on DTC records. Payments by participants to beneficial owners will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices,
as is the case with securities held for the account of customers in bearer form or registered in &ldquo;street name.&rdquo; Those
payments will be the responsibility of participants and not of DTC or us, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements in
effect from time to time. Payment of redemption proceeds, distributions and dividend payments to Cede &amp; Co., or such other
nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC, is our responsibility, disbursement of payments to direct participants
is the responsibility of DTC, and disbursement of payments to the beneficial owners is the responsibility of direct and indirect
participants.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Except under the limited
circumstances described below, purchasers of securities will not be entitled to have securities registered in their names and will
not receive physical delivery of securities. Accordingly, each beneficial owner must rely on the procedures of DTC and its participants
to exercise any rights under the securities and the indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The laws of some jurisdictions
may require that some purchasers of securities take physical delivery of securities in definitive form. Those laws may impair the
ability to transfer or pledge beneficial interests in securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">DTC may discontinue
providing its services as securities depositary with respect to the securities at any time by giving reasonable notice to us. Under
such circumstances, in the event that a successor depositary is not obtained, securities certificates are required to be printed
and delivered.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">As noted above, beneficial
owners of a particular series of securities generally will not receive certificates representing their ownership interests in those
securities. However, if:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">DTC notifies us that it is unwilling or unable to continue as a depositary for the global security
or securities representing such series of securities or if DTC ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act
at a time when it is required to be registered and a successor depositary is not appointed within 90&nbsp;days of the notification
to us or of our becoming aware of DTC&rsquo;s ceasing to be so registered, as the case may be;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">we determine, in our sole discretion, not to have such securities represented by one or more global
securities; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 20.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to such series of securities and
upon request of a holder,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">we will prepare and deliver certificates
for such securities in exchange for beneficial interests in the global securities. Any beneficial interest in a global security
that is exchangeable under the circumstances described in the preceding sentence will be exchangeable for securities in definitive
certificated form registered in the names that the depositary directs. It is expected that these directions will be based upon
directions received by the depositary from its participants with respect to ownership of beneficial interests in the global securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We have obtained the
information in this section and elsewhere in this prospectus concerning DTC and DTC&rsquo;s book-entry system from sources that
are believed to be reliable, but we take no responsibility for the accuracy of this information.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_014"></A>Restrictions
on Ownership and Transfer and Repurchase of Shares</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In order that we may
meet the requirements for qualification as a REIT at all times, among other purposes, our charter prohibits any person from acquiring
or holding beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock or preferred stock, or collectively, capital stock, in excess of
9.8%, in number of shares or value, of the outstanding shares of the related class of capital stock. For this purpose, the term
 &ldquo;beneficial ownership&rdquo; means beneficial ownership, as determined under Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act, of capital
stock by a person, either directly or constructively, including through application of the constructive ownership provisions of
Section 544 of the Code and related provisions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Under the constructive
ownership rules of Section 544 of the Code, a holder of a warrant generally will be treated as owning the number of shares of capital
stock into which such warrant may be converted. In addition, the constructive ownership rules generally attribute ownership of
securities owned by a corporation, partnership, estate, or trust proportionately to its stockholders, partners, or beneficiaries,
respectively. The rules may also attribute ownership of securities owned by family members to other members of the same family
and may treat an option to purchase securities as actual ownership of the underlying securities by the optionholder. The rules
further provide when securities constructively owned by a person will be considered to be actually owned for the further application
of such attribution provisions. To determine whether a person holds or would hold capital stock in excess of the 9.8% ownership
limit, a person will be treated as owning not only shares of capital stock actually owned, but also any shares of capital stock
attributed to that person under the attribution rules described above. Accordingly, a person who directly owns less than 9.8% of
the shares outstanding may nevertheless be in violation of the 9.8% ownership limit.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Any acquisition or
transfer of shares of capital stock or warrants that would cause us to be disqualified as a REIT or that would create a direct
or constructive ownership of shares of capital stock in excess of the 9.8% ownership limit, or result in the shares of capital
stock being beneficially owned, within the meaning of Section 856(a) of the Code, by fewer than 100 persons, determined without
any reference to any rules of attribution, or result in our being closely held within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code,
will be null and void, and the intended transferee will acquire no rights to those shares or warrants. These restrictions on transferability
and ownership will not apply if our board of directors determines that it is no longer in our best interests to continue to qualify
as a REIT.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If any purported transfer
of shares of capital stock or warrants results in a purported transferee owning, directly or constructively, shares in excess of
the 9.8% ownership limit due to the unenforceability of the transfer restrictions described above, the amount of shares causing
the purported transferee to violate the 9.8% ownership limit will constitute excess securities. Excess securities will be transferred
by operation of law to Redwood Trust as trustee for the exclusive benefit of the person or persons to whom the excess securities
are ultimately transferred, until such time as the purported transferee retransfers the excess securities. While the excess securities
are held in trust, a holder of such securities will not be entitled to vote or to share in any dividends or other distributions
with respect to such securities and will not be entitled to exercise or convert such securities into shares of capital stock. Excess
securities may be transferred by the purported transferee to any person (if such transfer would not result in excess securities)
at a price not to exceed the price paid by the purported transferee (or, if no consideration was paid by the purported transferee,
the Market Price (as defined in our charter) of the excess securities on the date of the purported transfer), at which point the
excess securities will automatically be exchanged for the stock or warrants, as the case may be, to which the excess securities
are attributable. If a purported transferee receives a higher price for designating an ultimate transferee, such purported transferee
shall pay, or cause the ultimate transferee to pay, such excess to us. In addition, such excess securities held in trust are subject
to purchase by us at a purchase price equal to the lesser of (a) the price per share or per warrant, as the case may be, in the
transaction that created such excess securities (or, in the case of a devise or gift, the Market Price at the time of such devise
or gift), reduced by the amount of any distributions received in violation of the charter that have not been repaid to us, and
(b) the Market Price on the date we elect to purchase the excess securities, reduced by the amount of any distributions received
in violation of the charter that have not been repaid to us.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon a purported
transfer of excess securities, the purported transferee shall cease to be entitled to distributions, voting rights, and other
benefits with respect to the shares of capital stock or warrants except the right to payment of the purchase price for the
shares of capital stock or warrants on the retransfer of securities as provided above. Any dividend or distribution paid to a
purported transferee on excess securities prior to our discovery that shares of capital stock have been transferred in
violation of our charter shall be repaid to us upon demand. If these transfer restrictions are determined to be void,
invalid, or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the purported transferee of any excess securities may be
deemed, at our option, to have acted as an agent on our behalf in acquiring the excess securities and to hold the excess
securities on our behalf.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">All certificates representing
shares of capital stock and warrants will bear a legend referring to the restrictions described above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Any person who acquires
shares or warrants in violation of our charter, or any person who is a purported transferee such that excess securities result,
must immediately give written notice or, in the event of a proposed or attempted transfer that would be void as set forth above,
give at least 15 days prior written notice to us of such event and shall provide us such other information as we may request in
order to determine the effect, if any, of the transfer on our status as a REIT. In addition, as required under the REIT provisions
of the Code, every record owner of more than 5.0%, during any period in which the number of record stockholders is 2,000, or 1.0%,
during any period in which the number of record stockholders is greater than 200 but less than 2,000, or 1/2%, during any period
in which the number of record stockholders is 200 or less, of the number or value of our outstanding shares will receive a questionnaire
from us by January 30 requesting information as to how the shares are held. In addition, our charter requires that such stockholders
must provide written notice to us by 30 days after January 1 stating the name and address of the record stockholder, the number
of shares beneficially owned and a description of how the shares are held. In practice, we have generally permitted our stockholders
to comply with the foregoing charter requirement by responding to our annual REIT questionnaire. Further, each stockholder upon
demand is required to disclose to us in writing such information with respect to the direct and constructive ownership of shares
and warrants as our board of directors deems reasonably necessary to comply with the REIT provisions of the Code, to comply with
the requirements of any taxing authority or governmental agency or to determine any such compliance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our board of directors
may increase or decrease the 9.8% ownership limit. In addition, to the extent consistent with the REIT provisions of the Code,
our board of directors may, pursuant to our charter, waive the 9.8% ownership limit for a purchaser of our stock. As a condition
to such waiver the intended transferee must give written notice to the board of directors of the proposed transfer no later than
the fifteenth day prior to any transfer which, if consummated, would result in the intended transferee owning shares in excess
of the ownership limit. Our board of directors may also take such other action as it deems necessary or advisable to protect our
status as a REIT. Pursuant to our charter, our board of directors has, from time to time, waived the ownership limit for certain
of our stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The provisions described
above may inhibit market activity and the resulting opportunity for the holders of our capital stock and warrants to receive a
premium for their shares or warrants that might otherwise exist in the absence of such provisions. Such provisions also may make
us an unsuitable investment vehicle for any person seeking to obtain ownership of more than 9.8% of the outstanding shares of our
capital stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_015"></A>Certain
Provisions of Maryland Law and of our Charter and Bylaws</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We have summarized
certain terms and provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law and our charter and bylaws. This summary is not complete and
is qualified by the provisions of our charter and bylaws, and the Maryland General Corporation Law. See &ldquo;Where You Can Find
More Information.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">For restrictions on
ownership and transfer of our capital stock contained in our charter, see &ldquo;Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer and Repurchase
of Shares.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Maryland Business
Combination Act</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Under the Maryland
Business Combination Act, &ldquo;business combinations&rdquo; between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or an
affiliate of an interested stockholder, as such terms are defined in the Act, are prohibited for five years after the most recent
date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. These business combinations include a merger, consolidation,
share exchange, or, in circumstances specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities.
The statute permits various exemptions from its provisions, including business combinations that are exempted by provision in the
charter of the corporation. Our charter provides that we elect not to be governed by the provisions of the Maryland Business Combination
Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Maryland Control
Share Acquisition Act</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Maryland Control
Share Acquisition Act causes persons who acquire beneficial ownership of stock at levels of 10%, 33%, and more than 50% (control
share acquisitions) to lose the voting rights of such stock unless voting rights are restored by the stockholders at a meeting
by vote of two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter (excluding stock held by the acquiring stockholder or
the corporation&rsquo;s officers or employee directors). The Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act affords a cash-out election
for stockholders other than the acquiring stockholder, at an appraised value (but not less than the highest price per share paid
by the acquiring person in the control share acquisition), payable by the corporation, if voting rights for more than 50% of the
outstanding stock are approved for the acquiring person. Under certain circumstances, the corporation may redeem shares acquired
in a control share acquisition if voting rights for such shares have not been approved. The statute does not apply (a) to shares
acquired in a merger, consolidation, or share exchange if the corporation is a party to the transaction or (b) to acquisitions
approved or exempted by the charter or bylaws of the corporation. A corporation&rsquo;s board of directors has an &ldquo;opt-out&rdquo;
power, exercisable through amendment of the corporation&rsquo;s bylaws (which could be changed by the stockholders), to exempt
in advance any control share acquisition from the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act. Our bylaws contain a provision exempting
from the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Act acquisitions by certain persons of shares of our common stock in accordance with
waivers from the ownership limit in our charter granted to such persons by our board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Maryland Control
Share Acquisition Act could have the effect of discouraging offers to acquire us and of increasing the difficulty of consummating
any such offers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Board of Directors,
Vacancies, and Removal of Directors</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">All directors are elected
annually to serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until their respective successors are duly elected and qualify.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to our election
to be subject to certain provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law, any vacancy on our board of directors may be filled
only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors in office, even if the remaining directors do not constitute
a quorum, and any director elected to fill a vacancy shall serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which
such vacancy occurred and until a successor is elected and qualifies. A director may be removed with or without cause by the affirmative
vote of a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast generally for the election of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Charter Amendments
and Extraordinary Corporate Actions</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Under Maryland law,
a Maryland corporation generally cannot dissolve, amend its charter, merge, sell all or substantially all of its assets, engage
in a share exchange, convert or engage in similar transactions outside the ordinary course of business, unless approved by the
affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. However,
a Maryland corporation may provide in its charter for approval of these matters by a lesser percentage, but not less than a majority
of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our charter provides for approval of these matters by the affirmative vote
of the holders of a majority of the total number of shares entitled to vote on the matter.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">Advance Notice of
Director Nominations and New Business</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our bylaws provide
that with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, nominations of individuals for election to the board of directors and the
proposal of business to be considered by stockholders may be made only (i)&nbsp;pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (ii) by
the board of directors or (iii) by a stockholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has complied with the advance notice
procedures of our bylaws. With respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in our notice of the meeting
may be brought before the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><B>Exclusive Forum </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our bylaws provide
that unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Circuit Court for Baltimore City, Maryland, or
if that court does not have jurisdiction, the United States District Court for the District of Maryland, Baltimore Division, will
be the sole and exclusive forum for (a) any Internal Corporate Claim (as defined in the Maryland General Corporation Law), (b)
any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (c) any action asserting a claim of breach of any duty owed by any director
or officer or other employee of ours to us or our stockholders, (d) any action asserting a claim against us or any director or
officer or other employee of ours arising pursuant to any provision of the Maryland General Corporation Law or the our charter
or our bylaws, or (e) any other action asserting a claim against us or any director or officer or other employee of ours that is
governed by the internal affairs doctrine.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Subtitle 8</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Title 3, Subtitle 8
of the MGCL permits a Maryland corporation with a class of equity securities registered under the Exchange Act and at least three
independent directors to elect to be subject, by provision in its charter or bylaws or a resolution of its board of directors and
notwithstanding any contrary provision in the charter or bylaws, to any of:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">a classified board of directors;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">a two-thirds vote requirement for removing a director;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">a requirement that the number of directors be fixed only by vote of the directors;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">a requirement that a vacancy on the board of directors be filled only by the remaining directors and
for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">a majority requirement for the calling of a special meeting of stockholders.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to Subtitle
8, we have elected to provide that vacancies on the board of directors may be filled only by the remaining directors and for the
remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred. Through provisions in our charter and bylaws unrelated
to Subtitle 8, we already (a) vest in the board of directors the exclusive power to fix the number of directorships and (b) require,
unless called by our chairman of the board, our president, the board of directors or a majority of independent directors, the request
of holders of a majority of outstanding shares entitled to vote at the meeting to call a special meeting of stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Meetings of Stockholders</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Under our current bylaws
and pursuant to Maryland law, annual meetings of stockholders will be held each year at a date and at the time in the month of
May determined by our board of directors. Special meetings of stockholders may be called by our board of directors, the chairman
of the board of directors, our president or a majority of independent directors. Additionally, subject to the provisions of our
bylaws, special meetings of the stockholders to act on any matter must be called by our secretary upon the written request of stockholders
entitled to cast not less than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting who have requested the special meeting
in accordance with the procedures set forth in, and provided the information and certifications required by, our bylaws. Only matters
set forth in the notice of the special meeting may be considered and acted upon at such a meeting. Our secretary will inform the
requesting stockholders of the reasonably estimated cost of preparing and delivering the notice of meeting (including our proxy
materials), and the requesting stockholder or stockholders must pay such estimated cost before our secretary may prepare and deliver
the notice of the special meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="toc1_016"></A>Material
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: black"><B><SUP></SUP></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following is a general summary of certain
material U.S. federal income tax considerations regarding our qualification and taxation as a REIT and the purchase, ownership
and disposition of our capital stock and debt securities, but does not purport to be a complete analysis of all potential tax effects.
Supplemental U.S. federal income tax considerations relevant to the ownership of the securities offered by this prospectus may
be provided in the prospectus supplement that relates to those securities. Your tax treatment will vary depending upon the terms
of the specific securities you acquire, as well as your particular situation. For purposes of this discussion, references to &ldquo;we,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;our&rdquo; and &ldquo;us&rdquo; mean only Redwood Trust, Inc. and do not include any of its subsidiaries, except as otherwise
indicated. This summary is for general information only and is not tax advice. The information in this summary is based on:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the Code;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">current, temporary and proposed Treasury regulations promulgated under the Code, or Treasury Regulations;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">the legislative history of the Code;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">administrative interpretations and practices of the Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">court decisions;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">in each case, as of the date of this prospectus.
In addition, the administrative interpretations and practices of the IRS include its practices and policies as expressed in private
letter rulings that are not binding on the IRS except with respect to the particular taxpayers who requested and received those
rulings. The sections of the Code and the corresponding Treasury Regulations that relate to qualification and taxation as a REIT
are highly technical and complex. The following discussion sets forth certain material aspects of the sections of the Code that
govern the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a REIT and its stockholders. This summary is qualified in its entirety by the applicable
Code provisions, Treasury Regulations promulgated under the Code, and administrative and judicial interpretations thereof. Potential
tax reforms may result in significant changes to the rules governing U.S. federal income taxation. New legislation, Treasury Regulations,
administrative interpretations and practices and/or court decisions may significantly and adversely affect our ability to qualify
as a REIT, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of such qualification, or the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment
in us, including those described in this discussion. Moreover, the law relating to the tax treatment of other entities, or an investment
in other entities, could change, making an investment in such other entities more attractive relative to an investment in a REIT.
Any such changes could apply retroactively to transactions preceding the date of the change. We have not requested, and do not
plan to request, any rulings from the IRS that we qualify as a REIT, and the statements in this prospectus are not binding on the
IRS or any court. Thus, we can provide no assurance that the tax considerations contained in this discussion will not be challenged
by the IRS or will be sustained by a court if challenged by the IRS. This summary does not discuss any state, local or non-U.S.
tax consequences, or any tax consequences arising under any U.S. federal tax laws other than U.S. federal income tax laws, associated
with the purchase, ownership or disposition of our capital stock or debt securities, or our election to be taxed as a REIT.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B>You are urged to consult your tax advisor
regarding the tax consequences to you of:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>the purchase, ownership and disposition of our capital stock or debt securities, including the
U.S. federal, state, local, non-U.S. and other tax consequences;</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>our election to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes; and</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"><B>potential changes in applicable tax laws.</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><B>Taxation of the Company</B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><I>General</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under
Sections 856 through 860 of the Code commencing with our taxable year ended December&nbsp;31, 1994. We believe that we have been
organized and have operated in a manner that has allowed us to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Code commencing with such
taxable year, and we intend to continue to be organized and to operate in this manner. However, qualification and taxation as a
REIT depend upon our ability to meet the various qualification tests imposed under the Code, including through actual operating
results, asset composition, distribution levels and diversity of stock ownership. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that we
have been organized and have operated, or will continue to be organized and operate, in a manner so as to qualify or remain qualified
as a REIT. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation of the Company&mdash;Failure to Qualify&rdquo;
for potential tax consequences if we fail to qualify as a REIT.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Latham&nbsp;&amp; Watkins LLP has acted as
our tax counsel in connection with this prospectus and our U.S. federal income tax status as a REIT. Latham&nbsp;&amp; Watkins
LLP has rendered an opinion to us, as of the date of this prospectus, to the effect that, commencing with our taxable year ended
December&nbsp;31, 2011, we have been organized and have operated in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation
as a REIT under the Code, and our proposed method of operation will enable us to continue to meet the requirements for qualification
and taxation as a REIT under the Code. It must be emphasized that this opinion was based on various assumptions and representations
as to factual matters, including representations made by us in a factual certificate provided by one or more of our officers. In
addition, this opinion was based upon our factual representations set forth in this prospectus. Additionally, to the extent we
make certain investments, such as investments in commercial mortgage loan securitizations, the accuracy of such opinion will also
depend on the accuracy of certain opinions rendered to us in connection with such transactions. Moreover, our qualification and
taxation as a REIT depend upon our ability to meet the various qualification tests imposed under the Code, which are discussed
below, including through actual operating results, asset composition, distribution levels and diversity of stock ownership, the
results of which have not been and will not be reviewed by Latham&nbsp;&amp; Watkins LLP. Accordingly, no assurance can be given
that our actual results of operations for any particular taxable year have satisfied or will satisfy those requirements. Further,
the anticipated U.S. federal income tax treatment described in this discussion may be changed, perhaps retroactively, by legislative,
administrative or judicial action at any time. Latham&nbsp;&amp; Watkins LLP has no obligation to update its opinion subsequent
to the date of such opinion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Provided we qualify for taxation as a REIT,
we generally will not be required to pay U.S. federal corporate income taxes on our REIT taxable income that we currently distribute
to our stockholders. This treatment substantially eliminates the &ldquo;double taxation&rdquo; that ordinarily results from investment
in a C corporation. A C corporation is a corporation that generally is required to pay tax at the corporate level. Double taxation
means taxation once at the corporate level when income is earned and once again at the stockholder level when the income is distributed.
We will, however, be required to pay U.S. federal income tax as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">We will be required to pay regular U.S. federal corporate income tax on any undistributed REIT taxable
income, including undistributed capital gain.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">If we have (1)&nbsp;net income from the sale or other disposition of &ldquo;foreclosure property&rdquo;
held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business or (2)&nbsp;other nonqualifying income from foreclosure
property, we will be required to pay regular U.S. federal corporate income tax on this income. To the extent that income from foreclosure
property is otherwise qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test, this tax is not applicable. Subject to certain
other requirements, foreclosure property generally is defined as property we acquired through foreclosure or after a default on
a loan secured by the property or a lease of the property. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation
of the Company&mdash;Income Tests&mdash;Foreclosure Property.&rdquo;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">We will be required to pay a 100% tax on any net income from prohibited transactions. Prohibited transactions
are, in general, sales or other taxable dispositions of property, other than foreclosure property, held as inventory or primarily
for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">If we fail to satisfy the 75% gross income test or the 95% gross income test, as described below,
but have otherwise maintained our qualification as a REIT because certain other requirements are met, we will be required to pay
a tax equal to (1)&nbsp;the greater of (A)&nbsp;the amount by which we fail to satisfy the 75% gross income test and (B)&nbsp;the
amount by which we fail to satisfy the 95% gross income test, multiplied by (2)&nbsp;a fraction intended to reflect our profitability.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">If we fail to satisfy any of the asset tests (other than a <I>de minimis </I>failure of the 5% or
10% asset test), as described below, due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, and we nonetheless maintain our REIT
qualification because of specified cure provisions, we will be required to pay a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or the U.S.
federal corporate income tax rate multiplied by the net income generated by the nonqualifying assets that caused us to fail such
test.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">If we fail to satisfy any provision of the Code that would result in our failure to qualify as a REIT
(other than a violation of the gross income tests or certain violations of the asset tests, as described below) and the violation
is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, we may retain our REIT qualification but we will be required to pay
a penalty of $50,000 for each such failure.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">We will be required to pay a 4% excise tax to the extent we fail to distribute during each calendar
year at least the sum of (1) 85% of our ordinary income for the year, (2) 95% of our capital gain net income for the year, and
(3)&nbsp;any undistributed taxable income from prior periods.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">If we acquire any asset from a corporation that is or has been a C corporation in a transaction in
which our tax basis in the asset is less than the fair market value of the asset, in each case determined as of the date on which
we acquired the asset, and we subsequently recognize gain on the disposition of the asset during the five-year period beginning
on the date on which we acquired the asset, then we generally will be required to pay regular U.S. federal corporate income tax
on this gain to the extent of the excess of (1)&nbsp;the fair market value of the asset over (2)&nbsp;our adjusted tax basis in
the asset, in each case determined as of the date on which we acquired the asset. The results described in this paragraph with
respect to the recognition of gain assume that the C corporation will refrain from making an election to receive different treatment
under applicable Treasury Regulations on its tax return for the year in which we acquire the asset from the C corporation. Under
applicable Treasury Regulations, any gain from the sale of property we acquired in an exchange under Section&nbsp;1031 (a like-kind
exchange) or Section&nbsp;1033 (an involuntary conversion) of the Code generally is excluded from the application of this built-in
gains tax.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">If we elect to treat property that we acquire in connection with a foreclosure of a mortgage loan
or from certain leasehold terminations as &ldquo;foreclosure property,&rdquo; we may thereby avoid (1)&nbsp;the 100% tax on gain
from a resale of that property (if the sale would otherwise constitute a prohibited transaction) and (2)&nbsp;the inclusion of
any income from such property not qualifying for purposes of the REIT gross income tests discussed below, but the income from the
sale or operation of the property may be subject to regular U.S. federal corporate income tax.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">We will generally be subject to tax on the portion of any &ldquo;excess inclusion income&rdquo; derived
from an investment in residual interests in certain mortgage loan securitization structures (i.e., a &ldquo;taxable mortgage pool&rdquo;
or a residual interest in a real estate mortgage investment conduit, or a REMIC) to the extent that our capital stock is held by
specified types of tax-exempt organizations known as &ldquo;disqualified organizations&rdquo; that are not subject to tax on unrelated
business taxable income. To the extent that we own a REMIC residual interest or a taxable mortgage pool through a taxable REIT
subsidiary, or a TRS, we will not be subject to this tax. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation
of the Company&mdash;Taxable Mortgage Pools.&rdquo;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Our subsidiaries that are C corporations, including our TRSs, generally will be required to pay regular
U.S. federal corporate income tax on their earnings.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">We will be required to pay a 100% tax on any &ldquo;redetermined rents,&rdquo; &ldquo;redetermined
deductions,&rdquo; &ldquo;excess interest&rdquo; or &ldquo;redetermined TRS service income,&rdquo; as described below under &ldquo;Material
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation of the Company&mdash;Income Tests&mdash;Penalty Tax.&rdquo;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">We may elect to retain and pay income tax on our net capital gain. In that case, a stockholder would
include its proportionate share of our undistributed capital gain (to the extent we make a timely designation of such gain to the
stockholder) in its income, would be deemed to have paid the tax that we paid on such gain, and would be allowed a credit for its
proportionate share of the tax deemed to have been paid, and an adjustment would be made to increase the tax basis of the stockholder
in our capital stock.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">If we fail to comply with the requirement to send annual letters to our stockholders holding at
                                                                                                             least a certain percentage of our stock, as determined under applicable Treasury Regulations, requesting information regarding the actual ownership of
our stock, and the failure is not due to reasonable cause or is due to willful neglect, we will be subject to a $25,000 penalty,
or if the failure is intentional, a $50,000 penalty.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">We and our subsidiaries may be
subject to a variety of taxes other than U.S. federal income tax, including payroll taxes and state and local income, property
and other taxes on our assets and operations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><I>Requirements for Qualification as a
REIT</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Code defines a REIT as a corporation,
trust or association:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">that is managed by one or more trustees or directors;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">that issues transferable shares or transferable certificates to evidence its beneficial ownership;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in">(3)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">that would be taxable as a domestic corporation, but for Sections 856 through 860 of the Code;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in">(4)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">that is not a financial institution or an insurance company within the meaning of certain provisions
of the Code;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in">(5)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">that is beneficially owned by 100 or more persons;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in">(6)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">not more than 50% in value of the outstanding stock of which is owned, actually or constructively,
by five or fewer individuals, including certain specified entities, during the last half of each taxable year; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in">(7)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">that meets other tests, described below, regarding the nature of its income and assets and the amount
of its distributions.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Code provides that conditions (1)&nbsp;to
(4), inclusive, must be met during the entire taxable year and that condition (5)&nbsp;must be met during at least 335 days of
a taxable year of 12 months, or during a proportionate part of a taxable year of less than 12 months. Conditions (5)&nbsp;and (6)
do not apply until after the first taxable year for which an election is made to be taxed as a REIT. For purposes of condition
(6), the term &ldquo;individual&rdquo; includes a supplemental unemployment compensation benefit plan, a private foundation or
a portion of a trust permanently set aside or used exclusively for charitable purposes, but generally does not include a qualified
pension plan or profit sharing trust.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We believe that we have been organized and
have operated in a manner that has allowed us, and will continue to allow us, to satisfy conditions (1)&nbsp;through (7), inclusive,
during the relevant time periods. In addition, our charter provides for restrictions regarding ownership and transfer of our shares
that are intended to assist us in continuing to satisfy the share ownership requirements described in conditions (5)&nbsp;and (6)
above. A description of the share ownership and transfer restrictions relating to our capital stock is contained in the discussion
in this prospectus under the heading &ldquo;Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer and Repurchase of Shares.&rdquo; These restrictions,
however, do not ensure that we have previously satisfied, and may not ensure that we will, in all cases, be able to continue to
satisfy, the share ownership requirements described in conditions (5)&nbsp;and (6) above. If we fail to satisfy these share ownership
requirements, then except as provided in the next sentence, our status as a REIT will terminate. If, however, we comply with the
rules contained in applicable Treasury Regulations that require us to ascertain the actual ownership of our shares and we do not
know, or would not have known through the exercise of reasonable diligence, that we failed to meet the requirement described in
condition (6)&nbsp;above, we will be treated as having met this requirement. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation
of the Company&mdash;Failure to Qualify.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition, we may not maintain our status
as a REIT unless our taxable year is the calendar year. We have and will continue to have a calendar taxable year.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><I>Ownership of Interests in Partnerships,
Limited Liability Companies and Qualified REIT Subsidiaries</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In the case of a REIT that is a partner
in a partnership (for purposes of this discussion, references to &ldquo;partnership&rdquo; include a limited liability
company treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and references to &ldquo;partner&rdquo; include a
member in such a limited liability company), Treasury Regulations provide that the REIT will be deemed to own its
proportionate share of the assets of the partnership based on its interest in partnership capital, subject to special rules
relating to the 10% asset test described below. Also, the REIT will be deemed to be entitled to its proportionate share of
the income of that entity. The assets and gross income of the partnership retain the same character in the hands of the REIT
for purposes of Section&nbsp;856 of the Code, including satisfying the gross income tests and the asset tests. Thus, our pro
rata share of the assets and items of income of any partnership, including such partnership&rsquo;s share of these items of
any partnership or disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes in which it owns an interest, would be treated as
our assets and items of income for purposes of applying the requirements described in this discussion, including the gross
income and asset tests described below. <FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">For purposes of the REIT qualification tests, the
treatment of our ownership of partnerships or limited liability companies that are, in each case, treated as disregarded
entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes is generally the same as described below with respect to qualified REIT
subsidiaries.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We generally have control of our subsidiary
partnerships and intend to operate them in a manner consistent with the requirements for our qualification as a REIT. If we become
a limited partner or non-managing member in any partnership and such entity takes or expects to take actions that could jeopardize
our status as a REIT or require us to pay tax, we may be forced to dispose of our interest in such entity. In addition, it is possible
that a partnership could take an action which could cause us to fail a gross income or asset test, and that we would not become
aware of such action in time to dispose of our interest in the partnership or take other corrective action on a timely basis. In
such a case, we could fail to qualify as a REIT unless we were entitled to relief, as described below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">From time to time, we may own wholly owned
subsidiaries that are treated as &ldquo;qualified REIT subsidiaries&rdquo; under the Code. A corporation (or other entity treated
as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) qualifies as our qualified REIT subsidiary if we own 100% of the corporation&rsquo;s
outstanding stock and do not elect with the subsidiary to treat it as a TRS, as described below. A qualified REIT subsidiary is
not treated as a separate corporation, and all assets, liabilities and items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of a qualified
REIT subsidiary are treated as assets, liabilities and items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of the parent REIT for
all purposes under the Code, including all REIT qualification tests. Thus, in applying the U.S. federal income tax requirements
described in this discussion, any qualified REIT subsidiaries we own are ignored, and all assets, liabilities and items of income,
gain, loss, deduction and credit of such corporations are treated as our assets, liabilities and items of income, gain, loss, deduction
and credit. A qualified REIT subsidiary is not subject to U.S. federal income tax, and our ownership of the stock of a qualified
REIT subsidiary will not violate the restrictions on ownership of securities, as described below under &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal
Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation of the Company&mdash;Asset Tests.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Ownership of Interests in TRSs</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">From time to time, we may own interests
in one or more TRSs. A TRS is a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes),
other than a REIT, in which a REIT directly or indirectly holds stock, and that has made a joint election with such REIT to
be treated as a TRS. If a TRS owns more than 35% of the total voting power or value of the outstanding securities of another
corporation, such other corporation will also be treated as a TRS. Other than some activities relating to lodging and health
care facilities, a TRS may generally engage in any business. A TRS is subject to U.S. federal income tax as a regular C
corporation. A REIT is not treated as holding the assets of a TRS or as receiving any income that the TRS earns. Rather, the
stock issued by the TRS is an asset in the hands of the REIT, and the REIT generally recognizes as income the dividends, if
any, that it receives from the TRS. A REIT&rsquo;s ownership of securities of a TRS is not subject to the 5% or 10% asset
test described below. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation of the Company&mdash;Asset
Tests.&rdquo; For taxable years beginning after December&nbsp;31, 2017, taxpayers are subject to a limitation on their
ability to deduct net business interest generally equal to 30% of adjusted taxable income, subject to certain exceptions. See
 &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation of the Company&mdash;Annual Distribution
Requirements.&rdquo; While not certain, this provision may limit the ability of our TRSs to deduct interest, which could
increase their taxable income.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Non-U.S. TRSs that are not engaged in trade
or business in the United States for tax purposes generally are not subject to U.S. corporate income taxation. However, certain
U.S. shareholders of such non-U.S. corporations may be required to include in their income currently their proportionate share
of the earnings of such a corporation, whether or not such earnings are distributed. This could affect our ability to comply with
the REIT income tests and distribution requirement. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation of
the Company&mdash;Income Tests&rdquo; and &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation of the Company&mdash;Annual
Distribution Requirements.&rdquo; We currently do not own interests in any non-U.S. TRS, but we may acquire interests in such TRSs
in the future.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We may hold a significant number of assets
in one or more TRSs, subject to the limitation that securities in TRSs may not represent more than 20% of our total assets (25%
for taxable years beginning after July&nbsp;30, 2008 and before January&nbsp;1, 2018). We may engage in securitization transactions
through our TRSs, and to the extent that we acquire loans with an intention of selling such loans in a manner that might expose
us to a 100% tax on &ldquo;prohibited transactions,&rdquo; such loans may be acquired by a TRS.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Certain restrictions imposed on TRSs are intended
to ensure that such entities will be subject to appropriate levels of U.S. federal income taxation. For example, if amounts are
paid to a REIT or deducted by a TRS due to transactions between a REIT, its tenants and/or the TRS, that exceed the amount that
would be paid to or deducted by a party in an arm&rsquo;s-length transaction, the REIT generally will be subject to an excise tax
equal to 100% of such excess. Furthermore, income of a TRS that is understated as a result of services provided to us or on our
behalf generally will be subject to a 100% penalty tax. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation
of the Company&mdash;Income Tests&mdash;Penalty Tax.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Taxable Mortgage Pools</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">An entity, or a portion of an entity, may
be classified as a taxable mortgage pool, or a TMP, under the Code if:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">substantially all of its assets consist of debt obligations or interests in debt obligations;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">more than 50% of those debt obligations are real estate mortgages or interests in real estate mortgages
as of specified testing dates;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the entity has issued debt obligations that have two or more maturities; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the payments required to be made by the entity on its debt obligations &ldquo;bear a relationship&rdquo;
to the payments to be received by the entity on the debt obligations that it holds as assets.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under applicable Treasury Regulations, if
less than 80% of the assets of an entity (or a portion of an entity) consist of debt obligations, these debt obligations are considered
not to comprise &ldquo;substantially all&rdquo; of its assets, and therefore the entity would not be treated as a TMP. We may enter
into financing and securitization arrangements that give rise to TMPs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A TMP generally is treated as a corporation
for U.S. federal income tax purposes. However, special rules apply to a REIT, a portion of a REIT, or a qualified REIT subsidiary
that is a TMP. If a REIT owns directly, or indirectly through one or more qualified REIT subsidiaries or other entities that are
disregarded entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes, 100% of the equity interests in the TMP, the TMP will be a qualified
REIT subsidiary and, therefore, disregarded as an entity separate from the REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes and would
not generally affect the tax qualification of the REIT. Rather, the consequences of the TMP classification would generally be limited
to the REIT&rsquo;s shareholders. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation of the Company&mdash;Excess
Inclusion Income.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><I>Excess Inclusion Income</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A portion of income from a TMP arrangement,
which might be non-cash accrued income, could be treated as &ldquo;excess inclusion income.&rdquo; A REIT&rsquo;s excess inclusion
income, including any excess inclusion income from a residual interest in a REMIC, must be allocated among its shareholders in
proportion to dividends paid. We generally do not expect to generate excess inclusion income that would be allocated to our stockholders.
In the event we do generate excess inclusion income, we are required to notify our stockholders of the amount of such income allocated
to them. A shareholder&rsquo;s share of excess inclusion income:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">cannot be offset by any net operating losses otherwise available to the shareholder;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">in the case of a shareholder that is a REIT, a regulated investment company, or a RIC, or a common
trust fund or other pass-through entity, is considered excess inclusion income of such entity;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">is subject to tax as unrelated business taxable income in the hands of most types of shareholders
that are otherwise generally exempt from U.S. federal income tax;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">results in the application of U.S. federal income tax withholding at the maximum rate (30%), without
reduction for any otherwise applicable income tax treaty or other exemption, to the extent allocable to most types of non-U.S.
shareholders; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">is taxable at the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate, currently 21%, to the REIT, rather than
its shareholders, to the extent allocable to the REIT&rsquo;s shares held in record name by disqualified organizations (generally,
tax-exempt entities not subject to unrelated business income tax, including governmental organizations).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The manner in which excess inclusion income
is calculated, or would be allocated to our stockholders, including allocations among shares of different classes of stock, is
not clear under current law. As required by IRS guidance, we intend to make such determinations using a reasonable method.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Tax-exempt investors, RIC or REIT investors,
non-U.S. investors and taxpayers with net operating losses should carefully consider the tax consequences described above, and
are urged to consult their tax advisors with respect to the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in our capital
stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If a subsidiary partnership of ours that we
do not wholly own, directly or through one or more disregarded entities, were a TMP, the foregoing rules would not apply. Rather,
the partnership that is a TMP would be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and potentially would be
subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax or withholding tax. In addition, this characterization would alter our income and
asset test calculations, and could adversely affect our compliance with those requirements. We intend to monitor the structure
of any TMPs in which we will have an interest to ensure that they will not adversely affect our qualification as a REIT.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><I>Income Tests</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We must satisfy two gross income requirements
annually to maintain our qualification as a REIT. First, in each taxable year we must derive directly or indirectly at least 75%
of our gross income (excluding gross income from prohibited transactions, certain hedging transactions, and certain foreign currency
gains) from investments relating to real property or mortgages on real property, including &ldquo;rents from real property,&rdquo;
dividends from other REITs and, in certain circumstances, interest, or certain types of temporary investments. Second, in each
taxable year we must derive at least 95% of our gross income (excluding gross income from prohibited transactions, certain hedging
transactions, and certain foreign currency gains) from the real property investments described above or dividends, interest and
gain from the sale or disposition of stock or securities, or from any combination of the foregoing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>Interest Income</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Interest income constitutes qualifying mortgage
interest for purposes of the 75% gross income test to the extent that the obligation is secured by a mortgage on real property
or on interests in real property and, if an obligation is secured by a mortgage on both real property and personal property, the
fair market value of such personal property does not exceed 15% of the total fair market value of all such property. In the event
that we invest in a mortgage loan that is secured by both real property and personal property, we may be required to apportion
our interest on the loan between interest on an obligation that is secured by real property (or by an interest in real property)
and interest on an obligation that is not so secured. Even if a loan is not secured by real property or is undersecured, the income
that it generates may nonetheless qualify for purposes of the 95% gross income test.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To the extent that we derive interest income
from a loan where all or a portion of the amount of interest payable is contingent, such income generally will qualify for purposes
of the gross income tests only if it is based upon the gross receipts or sales and not the net income or profits of any person.
This limitation does not apply, however, to a mortgage loan where the borrower derives substantially all of its income from the
property from the leasing of substantially all of its interest in the property to tenants, to the extent that the rental income
derived by the borrower would qualify as rents from real property had we earned it directly.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To the extent that the terms of a loan provide
for contingent interest that is based on the cash proceeds realized upon the sale of the property securing the loan (or a shared
appreciation provision), income attributable to the participation feature will be treated as gain from sale of the underlying property,
which generally will be qualifying income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross income tests, provided that the property is
not inventory or dealer property of the borrower or ours.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Any amount includible in our gross income
with respect to a regular or residual interest in a REMIC generally is treated as interest on an obligation secured by a mortgage
on real property. If, however, less than 95% of the assets of a REMIC consists of real estate assets (determined as if we held
such assets), we will be treated as receiving directly our proportionate share of the income of the REMIC for purposes of determining
the amount that is treated as interest on an obligation secured by a mortgage on real property.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Among the assets we may hold are certain mezzanine
loans secured by equity interests in a pass-through entity that directly or indirectly owns real property, rather than a direct
mortgage on the real property. The IRS issued Revenue Procedure 2003-65, or the Revenue Procedure, which provides a safe harbor
pursuant to which a mezzanine loan will be treated by the IRS as a real estate asset for purposes of the REIT asset tests, and
interest derived from it will be treated as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Although the
Revenue Procedure provides a safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely, it does not prescribe rules of substantive tax law. From
time to time, we may own mezzanine loans that do not meet all of the requirements for reliance on this safe harbor. There can be
no assurance that the IRS will not challenge the qualification of any mezzanine loans we may own as real estate assets or the interest
generated by such loans as qualifying income under the 75% gross income test. If we acquire or make corporate mezzanine loans or
other commercial real estate corporate loans, such loans will not qualify as real estate assets and interest income with respect
to such loans will not be qualifying income for the 75% gross income test. To the extent that such non-qualification causes us
to fail the 75% gross income test, we could be required to pay a penalty tax or fail to qualify as a REIT.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We expect that any commercial mortgage-backed
securities, or CMBS, that we may invest in will be treated either as interests in a grantor trust or as interests in a REMIC for
U.S. federal income tax purposes and that all interest income, original issue discount and market discount from such CMBS will
be qualifying income for the 95% gross income test. In the case of CMBS treated as interests in a REMIC, income derived from REMIC
interests will generally be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the 75% and 95% gross income tests. As discussed above,
if less than 95% of the assets of the REMIC are real estate assets, however, then only a proportionate part of our income derived
from the REMIC interest will qualify for purposes of the 75% gross income test. In addition, some REMIC securitizations include
imbedded interest swap or cap contracts or other derivative instruments that potentially could produce non-qualifying income for
the holder of the related REMIC securities. In the case of CMBS treated as interests in grantor trusts, we would be treated as
owning an undivided beneficial ownership interest in the mortgage loans held by the grantor trust. The interest, original issue
discount and market discount on such mortgage loans would be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test to the
extent that the obligation is secured by real property and, if an obligation is secured by a mortgage on both real property and
personal property, the fair market value of such personal property does not exceed 15% of the total fair market value of all such
property, as discussed above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We believe that the interest income that we
receive from our mortgage-related investments and securities generally will be qualifying income for purposes of both the 75% and
95% gross income tests. However, to the extent we own non-REMIC collateralized mortgage obligations or other debt instruments secured
by mortgage loans (rather than by real property) or secured by non-real estate assets, or debt securities that are not secured
by mortgages on real property or interests in real property, the interest income received with respect to such securities generally
will be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test, but not the 75% gross income test.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Fee Income</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We may receive various fees in connection
with our operations. The fees generally will be qualifying income for purposes of both the 75% and 95% gross income tests if they
are received in consideration for entering into an agreement to make a loan secured by real property and the fees are not determined
by the income or profits of any person. Other fees are not qualifying income for purposes of either the 75% or 95% gross income
test. Any fees earned by a TRS are not included for purposes of the gross income tests.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>Dividend and Certain Foreign Income</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We may receive distributions from TRSs
or other corporations that are not REITs or qualified REIT subsidiaries. These distributions generally will be classified as
dividend income to the extent of the earnings and profits of the distributing corporation. Such distributions generally will
constitute qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test, but not the 75% gross income test. Any dividends we
receive from a REIT will be qualifying income in our hands for purposes of both the 95% and 75% gross income tests.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Income inclusions from equity investments
in certain foreign corporations, such as controlled foreign corporations and passive foreign investment companies, as defined in
the Code, are technically neither dividends nor any of the other enumerated categories of income specified in the 95% gross income
test for U.S. federal income tax purposes. However, under IRS guidance, certain such income inclusions generally will constitute
qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Hedging Transactions</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">From time to time, we may enter into hedging
transactions with respect to one or more of our assets or liabilities. Our hedging activities may include entering into interest
rate swaps, caps, and floors, options to purchase these items, and futures and forward contracts. Income from a hedging transaction,
including gain from the sale or disposition of such a transaction, that is clearly identified as a hedging transaction as specified
in the Code will not constitute gross income under, and thus will be exempt from, the 75% and 95% gross income tests. The term
 &ldquo;hedging transaction,&rdquo; as used above, generally means (A) any transaction we enter into in the normal course of our
business primarily to manage risk of (1) interest rate changes or fluctuations with respect to borrowings made or to be made by
us to acquire or carry real estate assets, or (2) currency fluctuations with respect to an item of qualifying income under the
75% or 95% gross income test or any property which generates such income and (B) new transactions entered into to hedge the income
or loss from prior hedging transactions, where the property or indebtedness which was the subject of the prior hedging transaction
was extinguished or disposed of. To the extent that we do not properly identify such transactions as hedges or we hedge with other
types of financial instruments, the income from those transactions is not likely to be treated as qualifying income for purposes
of the gross income tests. We intend to structure any hedging transactions in a manner that does not jeopardize our status as a
REIT.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Rents from Real Property</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To the extent that we own real property or
interests therein, rents we receive from a tenant will qualify as &ldquo;rents from real property&rdquo; for the purpose of satisfying
the gross income tests described above only if all of the following conditions are met:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The amount of rent is not based in whole or in part on the income or profits of any person. However,
an amount we receive or accrue generally will not be excluded from the term &ldquo;rents from real property&rdquo; solely because
it is based on a fixed percentage or percentages of receipts or sales or if it is based on the net income of a tenant which derives
substantially all of its income with respect to such property from subleasing of substantially all of such property, to the extent
that the rents paid by the subtenants would qualify as rents from real property if we earned such amounts directly;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Neither we nor an actual or constructive owner of 10% or more of our capital stock actually or constructively
owns 10% or more of the interests in the assets or net profits of a non-corporate tenant, or, if the tenant is a corporation, 10%
or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote or 10% or more of the total value of all classes
of stock of the tenant. Rents we receive from such a tenant that is a TRS of ours, however, will not be excluded from the definition
of &ldquo;rents from real property&rdquo; as a result of this condition if at least 90% of the space at the property to which the
rents relate is leased to third parties, and the rents paid by the TRS are substantially comparable to rents paid by our other
tenants for comparable space;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Rent attributable to personal property leased in connection with a lease of real property is not greater
than 15% of the total rent received under the lease. If this condition is not met, then the portion of the rent attributable to
personal property will not qualify as &ldquo;rents from real property.&rdquo; To the extent that rent attributable to personal
property leased in connection with a lease of real property exceeds 15% of the total rent received under the lease, we may transfer
a portion of such personal property to a TRS; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">We generally may not operate or manage the property or furnish or render services to our tenants,
subject to a 1% <I>de minimis</I> exception and except as provided below. We may, however, perform services that are &ldquo;usually
or customarily rendered&rdquo; in connection with the rental of space for occupancy only and are not otherwise considered &ldquo;rendered
to the occupant&rdquo; of the property. Examples of these services include the provision of light, heat, or other
utilities, trash removal and general maintenance of common areas. In addition, we may employ an independent contractor from whom
we derive no revenue to provide customary services to our tenants, or a TRS (which may be wholly or partially owned by us) to provide
both customary and non-customary services to our tenants, without causing the rent we receive from those tenants to fail to qualify
as &ldquo;rents from real property.&rdquo;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We intend to structure any leases so that
the rent payable thereunder will qualify as &ldquo;rents from real property,&rdquo; but there can be no assurance we will be successful
in this regard.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>Phantom Income</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Due to the nature of the assets in which we
may invest, from time to time we may be required to recognize taxable income from those assets in advance of our receipt of cash
flow on or proceeds from disposition of such assets, and may be required to report taxable income in early periods that exceeds
the economic income ultimately realized on such assets.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If we were to acquire debt instruments in
the secondary market for less than their face amount, the amount of such discount generally would be treated as &ldquo;market discount&rdquo;
for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Accrued market discount is reported as income when, and to the extent that, any payment of
principal of the debt instrument is made, unless we elect to include accrued market discount in income as it accrues. Principal
payments on certain loans are made monthly, and consequently accrued market discount may have to be included in income each month
as if the debt instrument were assured of ultimately being collected in full. If we collect less on the debt instrument than our
purchase price plus the market discount we had previously reported as income, we may not be able to benefit from any offsetting
loss deductions in a subsequent taxable year.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If we were to acquire securities issued with
original issue discount, we would generally be required to accrue original issue discount based on the constant yield to maturity
of the securities, and to treat it as taxable income in accordance with applicable U.S. federal income tax rules even though smaller
or no cash payments were received on such debt instrument. As in the case of the market discount discussed in the preceding paragraph,
the constant yield in question would be determined and we would be taxed based on the assumption that all future payments due on
securities in question will be made, with consequences similar to those described in the previous paragraph if all payments on
the securities are not made.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition, in the event that any debt instruments
or other securities we acquire are delinquent as to mandatory principal and interest payments, or in the event payments with respect
to a particular debt instrument are not made when due, we may nonetheless be required to continue to recognize the unpaid interest
as taxable income. Similarly, we may be required to accrue interest income with respect to subordinate mortgage-backed securities
at the stated rate regardless of whether corresponding cash payments are received.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We may also be required under the terms of
indebtedness that we borrow from private lenders to use cash received from interest payments to make principal payments on that
indebtedness, with the effect of recognizing income but not having a corresponding amount of cash available for distribution to
our stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Finally, we are required to recognize certain
items of income for U.S. federal income tax purposes no later than when we would report such items on our financial statements.
This requirement generally applies to taxable years beginning after December&nbsp;31, 2017, but applies with respect to income
from a debt instrument having original issue discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes only for taxable years beginning after
December&nbsp;31, 2018.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Due to each of these potential timing differences
between income recognition or expense deduction and the related cash receipts or disbursements, there is a risk that we may have
taxable income in excess of cash available for distribution. In that event, we may need to borrow funds or take other action to
satisfy the REIT distribution requirements for the taxable year in which this &ldquo;phantom income&rdquo; is recognized. See &ldquo;Material
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation of the Company&mdash;Annual Distribution Requirements.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>Prohibited Transaction Income</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Any gain that we realize on the sale of
an asset (other than foreclosure property, as described below) held as inventory or otherwise held primarily for sale to
customers in the ordinary course of business, either directly or through any qualified REIT subsidiaries or subsidiary
partnerships, or by a borrower that has issued a shared appreciation mortgage or similar debt instrument to us, will be
treated as income from a prohibited transaction that is subject to a 100% penalty tax, unless certain safe harbor exceptions
apply. This prohibited transaction income may also adversely affect our ability to satisfy the gross income tests for
qualification as a REIT. Under existing law, whether an asset is held as inventory or primarily for sale to customers in the
ordinary course of a trade or business is a question of fact that depends on all the facts and circumstances surrounding the
particular transaction. We intend to conduct our operations so that no asset we own will be held as inventory or primarily
for sale to customers, and that a sale of any assets we own will not be in the ordinary course of business. However, the IRS
may successfully assert that some or all of the sales made by us, our qualified REIT subsidiaries or our subsidiary
partnerships, or by a borrower that has issued a shared appreciation mortgage or similar debt instrument to us, are
prohibited transactions. We would be required to pay the 100% penalty tax on our allocable share of the gains resulting from
any such sales. The 100% penalty tax will not apply to gains from the sale of assets that are held through a TRS, but such
income will be subject to regular U.S. federal corporate income tax.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>Foreclosure Property </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Foreclosure property is real property and
any personal property incident to such real property (1) that is acquired by a REIT as a result of the REIT having bid on the property
at foreclosure or having otherwise reduced the property to ownership or possession by agreement or process of law after there was
a default (or default was imminent) on a lease of the property or a mortgage loan held by the REIT and secured by the property,
(2) for which the related loan or lease was acquired by the REIT at a time when default was not imminent or anticipated and (3)
for which such REIT makes a proper election to treat the property as foreclosure property. REITs generally are subject to tax at
the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate (currently 21%) on any net income from foreclosure property, including any gain from
the disposition of the foreclosure property, other than income that would otherwise be qualifying income for purposes of the 75%
gross income test. Any gain from the sale of property for which a foreclosure property election has been made will not be subject
to the 100% tax on gains from prohibited transactions described above, even if the property would otherwise constitute inventory
or dealer property in the hands of the selling REIT. If we believe we will receive any income from foreclosure property that is
not qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test, we intend to elect to treat the related property as foreclosure
property.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Penalty Tax </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Any redetermined deductions, excess interest,
redetermined rents or redetermined TRS service income we generate will be subject to a 100% penalty tax. In general, redetermined
deductions and excess interest represent any amounts that are deducted by a TRS of ours for amounts paid to us that are in excess
of the amounts that would have been deducted based on arm&rsquo;s length negotiations, redetermined rents are rents from real property
that are overstated as a result of any services furnished to any of our tenants by a TRS of ours, and redetermined TRS service
income is income of a TRS of ours that is understated as a result of services provided to us or on our behalf.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We do not have any TRSs that provide tenant
services, and we intend to set any amounts payable to us by our TRSs at arm&rsquo;s length rates. These determinations are inherently
factual, and the IRS has broad discretion to assert that amounts paid between related parties should be reallocated to clearly
reflect their respective incomes. If the IRS successfully made such an assertion, we would be required to pay a 100% penalty tax
on any overstated rents paid to us, or any excess deductions or understated income of our TRSs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Failure to Satisfy the Gross Income Tests.
</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We monitor our income and take actions intended
to keep our nonqualifying income within the limitations of the gross income tests. Although we expect these actions will be sufficient
to prevent a violation of the gross income tests, we cannot guarantee that such actions will in all cases prevent such a violation.
If we fail to satisfy one or both of the 75% or 95% gross income tests for any taxable year, we may nevertheless qualify as a REIT
for the year if we are entitled to relief under certain provisions of the Code. We generally may make use of the relief provisions
if:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">following our identification of the failure to meet the 75% or 95% gross income tests for any taxable
year, we file a schedule with the IRS setting forth each item of our gross income for purposes of the 75% or 95% gross income tests
for such taxable year in accordance with Treasury Regulations to be issued; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">our failure to meet these tests was due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">It is not possible, however, to state whether
in all circumstances we would be entitled to the benefit of these relief provisions. For example, if we fail to satisfy the gross
income tests because nonqualifying income that we intentionally accrue or receive exceeds the limits on nonqualifying income, the
IRS could conclude that our failure to satisfy the tests was not due to reasonable cause. If these relief provisions do not apply
to a particular set of circumstances, we will not qualify as a REIT. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation
of the Company&mdash;Failure to Qualify&rdquo; below. As discussed above in &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation
of the Company&mdash;General,&rdquo; even if these relief provisions apply, and we retain our qualification as a REIT, a tax would
be imposed with respect to our nonqualifying income. We may not always be able to comply with the gross income tests for REIT qualification
despite periodic monitoring of our income.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Asset Tests </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">At the close of each calendar quarter of our
taxable year, we must also satisfy certain tests relating to the nature and diversification of our assets. First, at least 75%
of the value of our total assets must be represented by real estate assets, cash, cash items and U.S. government securities. For
purposes of this test, the term &ldquo;real estate assets&rdquo; generally means real property (including interests in real property
and interests in mortgages on real property or on both real property and, to a limited extent, personal property), shares (or transferable
certificates of beneficial interest) in other REITs, any stock or debt instrument attributable to the investment of the proceeds
of a stock offering or a public offering of debt with a term of at least five years (but only for the one-year period beginning
on the date the REIT receives such proceeds), debt instruments of publicly offered REITs and personal property leased in connection
with a lease of real property for which the rent attributable to personal property is not greater than 15% of the total rent received
under the lease. Regular or residual interests in REMICs are generally treated as a real estate asset. If, however, less than 95%
of the assets of a REMIC consists of real estate assets (determined as if we held such assets), we will be treated as owning our
proportionate share of the assets of the REMIC. In the case of any interests in grantor trusts, we would be treated as owning an
undivided beneficial interest in the mortgage loans held by the grantor trust.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Second, not more than 25% of the value of
our total assets may be represented by securities (including securities of TRSs), other than those securities includable in the
75% asset test.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Third, of the investments included in the
25% asset class, and except for certain investments in other REITs, our qualified REIT subsidiaries and TRSs, the value of any
one issuer&rsquo;s securities may not exceed 5% of the value of our total assets, and we may not own more than 10% of the total
vote or value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. Certain types of securities we may own are disregarded as securities
solely for purposes of the 10% value test, including, but not limited to, securities satisfying the &ldquo;straight debt&rdquo;
safe harbor, securities issued by a partnership that itself would satisfy the 75% income test if it were a REIT, any loan to an
individual or an estate, any obligation to pay rents from real property and any security issued by a REIT. In addition, solely
for purposes of the 10% value test, the determination of our interest in the assets of a partnership in which we own an interest
will be based on our proportionate interest in any securities issued by the partnership, excluding for this purpose certain securities
described in the Code. From time to time we may own securities (including debt securities) of issuers that do not qualify as a
REIT, a qualified REIT subsidiary or a TRS. We intend that our ownership of any such securities will be structured in a manner
that allows us to comply with the asset tests described above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Fourth, not more than 20% (25% for taxable
years beginning after July&nbsp;30, 2008 and before January&nbsp;1, 2018) of the value of our total assets may be represented by
the securities of one or more TRSs. We currently own, directly or indirectly, interests in companies that have elected, together
with us, to be treated as our TRSs, and we may acquire securities in additional TRSs in the future. So long as each of these companies
qualifies as a TRS of ours, we will not be subject to the 5% asset test, the 10% voting securities limitation or the 10% value
limitation with respect to our ownership of the securities of such companies. We believe that the aggregate value of our TRSs has
not exceeded, and in the future will not exceed, 20% (25% for taxable years beginning after July&nbsp;30, 2008 and before January&nbsp;1,
2018) of the aggregate value of our gross assets. We generally do not obtain independent appraisals to support these conclusions.
In addition, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not disagree with our determinations of value.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Fifth, not more than 25% of the value of
our total assets may be represented by debt instruments of publicly offered REITs to the extent those debt instruments would
not be real estate assets but for the inclusion of debt instruments of publicly offered REITs in the meaning of real estate
assets, as described above (e.g., a debt instrument issued by a publicly offered REIT that is not secured by a mortgage on
real property).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We believe that the assets comprising our
mortgage-related investments and securities that we own generally are qualifying assets for purposes of the 75% asset test, and
that our ownership of TRSs and other assets have been structured in a manner that will comply with the foregoing REIT asset requirements,
and we monitor compliance on an ongoing basis. There can be no assurance, however, that we will always be successful in this effort.
In this regard, to determine compliance with these requirements, we need to estimate the value of our assets, and we do not expect
to obtain independent appraisals to support our conclusions as to the total value of our assets or the value of any particular
security or other asset. Moreover, values of some assets, including our interests in our TRSs, may not be susceptible to a precise
determination and are subject to change in the future. Although we will continue to be prudent in making these estimates, there
can be no assurance that the IRS will not disagree with these determinations and assert that a different value is applicable, in
which case we might not satisfy the REIT asset tests, and could fail to qualify as a REIT.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In the event that we invest in a mortgage
loan that is not fully secured by real property, Revenue Procedure 2014-51 provides a safe harbor under which the IRS has stated
that it will not challenge a REIT&rsquo;s treatment of a loan as being, in part, a qualifying real estate asset in an amount equal
to the lesser of: (1)&nbsp;the greater of (a)&nbsp;the fair market value of the real property securing the loan determined as of
the date the REIT committed to acquire the loan or (b)&nbsp;the fair market value of the real property securing the loan on the
relevant quarterly REIT asset testing date; or (2)&nbsp;the fair market value of the loan on the date of the relevant quarterly
REIT asset testing date. We intend to invest in mortgage loans in a manner consistent with satisfying the asset tests and maintaining
our qualification as a REIT.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The proper classification of an instrument
as debt or equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes may be uncertain in some circumstances, which could affect the application
of the REIT asset tests. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not assert that our interests in subsidiaries
or in the securities of other issuers caused a violation of the REIT asset tests.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition, we intend to enter into repurchase
agreements under which we will nominally sell certain of our assets to a counterparty and simultaneously enter into an agreement
to repurchase the sold assets. We believe that we will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as the owner of the assets
that are the subject of any repurchase agreement and that the repurchase agreement will be treated as a secured lending transaction
notwithstanding that we may transfer record ownership of the assets to the counterparty during the term of the agreement. It is
possible, however, that the IRS could successfully assert that we did not own the assets during the term of the repurchase agreement,
in which case we could fail to qualify as a REIT.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The asset tests must be satisfied at the close
of each calendar quarter of our taxable year in which we (directly or through any qualified REIT subsidiary or subsidiary partnership)
acquire securities in the applicable issuer, and also at the close of each calendar quarter in which we increase our ownership
of securities of such issuer (including as a result of an increase in our interest in any partnership that owns such securities).
For example, our indirect ownership of securities of each issuer may increase as a result of our capital contributions to, or the
redemption of other partners&rsquo; or members&rsquo; interests in, a partnership in which we have an ownership interest. However,
after initially meeting the asset tests at the close of any quarter, we will not lose our status as a REIT for failure to satisfy
the asset tests at the end of a later quarter solely by reason of changes in asset values. If we fail to satisfy an asset test
because we acquire securities or other property during a quarter (including as a result of an increase in our interest in any partnership),
we may cure this failure by disposing of sufficient nonqualifying assets within 30 days after the close of that quarter. We believe
that we have maintained, and we intend to maintain, adequate records of the value of our assets to ensure compliance with the asset
tests. If we fail to cure any noncompliance with the asset tests within the 30-day cure period, we would cease to qualify as a
REIT unless we are eligible for certain relief provisions discussed below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Certain relief provisions may be
available to us if we discover a failure to satisfy the asset tests described above after the 30-day cure period. Under these
provisions, we will be deemed to have met the 5% and 10% asset tests if the value of our nonqualifying assets (i)&nbsp;does
not exceed the lesser of (a) 1% of the total value of our assets at the end of the applicable quarter or (b) $10,000,000, and
(ii)&nbsp;we dispose of the nonqualifying assets or otherwise satisfy such tests within (a)&nbsp;six months after the last
day of the quarter in which the failure to satisfy the asset tests is discovered or (b)&nbsp;the period of time prescribed by
Treasury Regulations to be issued. For violations of any of the asset tests due to reasonable cause and not due to willful
neglect and that are, in the case of the 5% and 10% asset tests, in excess of the <I>de minimis </I>exception described
above, we may avoid disqualification as a REIT after the 30-day cure period by taking steps including (1)&nbsp;the
disposition of sufficient nonqualifying assets, or the taking of other actions, which allow us to meet the asset tests within
(a)&nbsp;six months after the last day of the quarter in which the failure to satisfy the asset tests is discovered or
(b)&nbsp;the period of time prescribed by Treasury Regulations to be issued, (2)&nbsp;paying a tax equal to the greater of
(a) $50,000 or (b)&nbsp;the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate <U>multiplied by</U> the net income generated by the
nonqualifying assets, and (3)&nbsp;disclosing certain information to the IRS.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Although we believe we have satisfied the
asset tests described above and plan to take steps to ensure that we satisfy such tests for any quarter with respect to which retesting
is to occur, there can be no assurance that we will always be successful, or will not require a reduction in our overall interest
in an issuer (including in a TRS). If we fail to cure any noncompliance with the asset tests in a timely manner, and the relief
provisions described above are not available, we would cease to qualify as a REIT.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Annual Distribution Requirements </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we
are required to distribute dividends, other than capital gain dividends, to our stockholders in an amount at least equal to the
sum of:</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">90% of our REIT taxable income; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">90% of our after-tax net income, if any, from foreclosure property; minus</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the excess of the sum of certain items of non-cash income over 5% of our REIT taxable income.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For these purposes, our &ldquo;REIT taxable
income&rdquo; is computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and our net capital gain. In addition, for purposes of
this test, non-cash income generally means income attributable to leveled stepped rents, original issue discount, cancellation
of indebtedness, or a like-kind exchange that is later determined to be taxable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition, our REIT taxable income will
be reduced by any taxes we are required to pay on any gain we recognize from the disposition of any asset we acquired from a corporation
which was or had been a C corporation in a transaction in which our tax basis in the asset was less than the fair market value
of the asset, in each case determined as of the date on which we acquired the asset, within the five-year period following our
acquisition of such asset, as described above under &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation of the
Company&mdash;General.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For taxable years beginning after December&nbsp;31,
2017, and except as provided below, a taxpayer&rsquo;s deduction for net business interest expense will generally be limited to
30% of its taxable income, as adjusted for certain items of income, gain, deduction or loss. Any business interest deduction that
is disallowed due to this limitation may be carried forward to future taxable years. If we or any of our subsidiary partnerships
are subject to this interest expense limitation, our REIT taxable income for a taxable year may be increased. Taxpayers that conduct
certain real estate businesses may elect not to have this interest expense limitation apply to them, provided that they use an
alternative depreciation system to depreciate certain property. We do not believe that we or any of our subsidiary partnerships
will be eligible to make this election.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We generally must pay, or be treated as
paying, the distributions described above in the taxable year to which they relate. At our election, a distribution will be
treated as paid in a taxable year if it is declared before we timely file our tax return for such year and paid on or before
the first regular dividend payment after such declaration, provided such payment is made during the 12-month period following
the close of such year. These distributions are treated as received by our stockholders in the year in which they are paid.
This is so even though these distributions relate to the prior year for purposes of the 90% distribution requirement. In
order to be taken into account for purposes of our distribution requirement, except as provided below, the amount distributed
must not be preferential &mdash; i.e., every stockholder of the class of stock to which a distribution is made must be
treated the same as every other stockholder of that class, and no class of stock may be treated other than according to its
distribution rights as a class. This preferential limitation will not apply to distributions made by us, provided we qualify
as a &ldquo;publicly offered REIT.&rdquo; We believe that we are, and expect we will continue to be, a &ldquo;publicly
offered REIT.&rdquo; To the extent that we do not distribute all of our net capital gain, or distribute at least 90%, but
less than 100%, of our REIT taxable income, as adjusted, we will be required to pay regular U.S. federal corporate income tax
on the undistributed amount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We believe that we have made, and we intend to continue to make, timely distributions sufficient
to satisfy these annual distribution requirements and to minimize our corporate tax obligations. However, from time to time,
we may not have sufficient cash or other liquid assets to meet these distribution requirements due to timing differences
between the actual receipt of income and actual payment of deductible expenses, and the inclusion of income and deduction of
expenses in determining our taxable income. In addition, we may decide to retain our cash, rather than distribute it, in
order to repay debt or for other reasons. If these timing differences occur, we may borrow funds to pay dividends or pay
dividends in the form of taxable stock distributions in order to meet the distribution requirements, while preserving our
cash. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation of the Company&mdash;Income
Tests&mdash;Phantom Income.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under certain circumstances, we may be able
to rectify an inadvertent failure to meet the 90% distribution requirement for a year by paying &ldquo;deficiency dividends&rdquo;
to our stockholders in a later year, which may be included in our deduction for dividends paid for the earlier year. In that case,
we may be able to avoid being taxed on amounts distributed as deficiency dividends, subject to the 4% excise tax described below.
However, we will be required to pay interest to the IRS based upon the amount of any deduction claimed for deficiency dividends.
While the payment of a deficiency dividend will apply to a prior year for purposes of our REIT distribution requirements, it will
be treated as an additional distribution to our stockholders in the year such dividend is paid.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Furthermore, we will be required to pay a
4% excise tax to the extent we fail to distribute during each calendar year at least the sum of 85% of our ordinary income for
such year, 95% of our capital gain net income for the year and any undistributed taxable income from prior periods. Any ordinary
income and net capital gain on which corporate income tax is imposed for any year is treated as an amount distributed during that
year for purposes of calculating this excise tax.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For purposes of the 90% distribution requirement
and excise tax described above, dividends declared during the last three months of the taxable year, payable to stockholders of
record on a specified date during such period and paid during January of the following year, will be treated as paid by us and
received by our stockholders on December&nbsp;31 of the year in which they are declared.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Failure to Qualify </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If we discover a violation of a provision
of the Code that would result in our failure to qualify as a REIT, certain specified cure provisions may be available to us. Except
with respect to violations of the gross income tests and asset tests (for which the cure provisions are described above), and provided
the violation is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, these cure provisions generally impose a $50,000 penalty
for each violation in lieu of a loss of REIT status. If we fail to satisfy the requirements for taxation as a REIT in any taxable
year, and the relief provisions do not apply, we will be required to pay regular U.S. federal corporate income tax, including any
applicable alternative minimum tax for taxable years beginning before January&nbsp;1, 2018, on our taxable income. Distributions
to our stockholders in any year in which we fail to qualify as a REIT will not be deductible by us. As a result, we anticipate
that our failure to qualify as a REIT would reduce the cash available for distribution by us to our stockholders. In addition,
if we fail to qualify as a REIT, we will not be required to distribute any amounts to our stockholders and all distributions to
our stockholders will be taxable as regular corporate dividends to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits.
In such event, corporate stockholders may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction. In addition, non-corporate stockholders,
including individuals, may be eligible for the preferential tax rates on qualified dividend income. Non-corporate stockholders,
including individuals, generally may deduct up to 20% of dividends from a REIT, other than capital gain dividends and dividends
treated as qualified dividend income, for taxable years beginning after December&nbsp;31, 2017 and before January&nbsp;1, 2026
for purposes of determining their U.S. federal income tax (but not for purposes of the 3.8% Medicare tax), subject to certain limitations.
If we fail to qualify as a REIT, such stockholders may not claim this deduction with respect to dividends paid by us. Unless entitled
to relief under specific statutory provisions, we would also be ineligible to elect to be treated as a REIT for the four taxable
years following the year for which we lose our qualification. It is not possible to state whether in all circumstances we would
be entitled to this statutory relief.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Federal Income Tax Considerations for Holders
of Our Capital Stock and Debt Securities </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following discussion is a summary of
the material U.S. federal income tax consequences to you of purchasing, owning and disposing of our capital stock or debt
securities. This discussion is limited to holders who hold our capital stock or debt securities as &ldquo;capital
assets&rdquo; within the meaning of Section&nbsp;1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment). This discussion
does not address all U.S. federal income tax consequences relevant to a holder&rsquo;s particular circumstances. In addition,
except where specifically noted, it does not address consequences relevant to holders subject to special rules, including,
without limitation:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">U.S. expatriates and former citizens or long-term residents of the United States;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">persons subject to the alternative minimum tax;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">U.S. Holders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">persons holding our capital stock or debt securities as part of a hedge, straddle or other risk reduction
strategy or as part of a conversion transaction or other integrated investment;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">banks, insurance companies, and other financial institutions;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">REITs or regulated investment companies;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">brokers, dealers or traders in securities;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&ldquo;controlled foreign corporations,&rdquo; &ldquo;passive foreign investment companies,&rdquo;
and corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">S corporations, partnerships or other entities or arrangements treated as partnerships for U.S. federal
income tax purposes (and investors therein);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">tax-exempt organizations or governmental organizations;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">persons subject to special tax accounting rules as a result of any item of gross income with respect
to our capital stock or debt securities being taken into account in an &ldquo;applicable financial statement&rdquo; (as defined
in the Code);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">persons deemed to sell our capital stock or debt securities under the constructive sale provisions
of the Code; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">persons who hold or receive our capital stock pursuant to the exercise of any employee stock option
or otherwise as compensation.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>THIS DISCUSSION IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES
ONLY AND IS NOT INTENDED AS TAX ADVICE. INVESTORS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS WITH RESPECT TO THE APPLICATION OF THE U.S.
FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAWS TO THEIR PARTICULAR SITUATIONS AS WELL AS ANY TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION
OF OUR CAPITAL STOCK OR DEBT SECURITIES ARISING UNDER OTHER U.S. FEDERAL TAX LAWS (INCLUDING ESTATE AND GIFT TAX LAWS), UNDER THE
LAWS OF ANY STATE, LOCAL OR NON-U.S. TAXING JURISDICTION OR UNDER ANY APPLICABLE TAX TREATY. </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For purposes of this discussion, a &ldquo;U.S.
Holder&rdquo; is a beneficial owner of our capital stock or debt securities that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is or is
treated as:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">a corporation created or organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the
District of Columbia;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">a trust that (1)&nbsp;is subject to the primary supervision of a U.S. court and the control of one
or more &ldquo;United States persons&rdquo; (within the meaning of Section&nbsp;7701(a)(30) of the Code) or (2)&nbsp;has a valid
election in effect to be treated as a United States person for U.S. federal income tax purposes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For purposes of this discussion, a &ldquo;Non-U.S.
Holder&rdquo; is any beneficial owner of our capital stock or debt securities that is neither a U.S. Holder nor an entity treated
as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If an entity treated as a partnership for
U.S. federal income tax purposes holds our capital stock or debt securities, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership
will depend on the status of the partner, the activities of the partnership and certain determinations made at the partner level.
Accordingly, partnerships holding our capital stock or debt securities and the partners in such partnerships should consult their
tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences to them.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Taxation of Taxable U.S. Holders of
Our Capital Stock </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Distributions Generally </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Distributions out of our current or accumulated
earnings and profits will be treated as dividends and, other than with respect to capital gain dividends and certain amounts which
have previously been subject to corporate level tax, as discussed below, will be taxable to our taxable U.S. Holders as ordinary
income when actually or constructively received. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Federal Income
Tax Considerations for Holders of Our Capital Stock and Debt Securities&mdash;Taxation of Taxable U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock&mdash;Tax
Rates&rdquo; below. As long as we qualify as a REIT, these distributions will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction
in the case of U.S. Holders that are corporations or, except to the extent described in &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax
Considerations&mdash;Federal Income Tax Considerations for Holders of Our Capital Stock and Debt Securities&mdash;Taxation of Taxable
U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock&mdash;Tax Rates&rdquo; below, the preferential rates on qualified dividend income applicable
to non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individuals. For purposes of determining whether distributions to holders of our capital
stock are out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, our earnings and profits will be allocated first to our outstanding
preferred stock, if any, and then to our outstanding common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To the extent that we make distributions on
our capital stock in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits allocable to such stock, these distributions will
be treated first as a tax-free return of capital to a U.S. Holder to the extent of the U.S. Holder&rsquo;s adjusted tax basis in
such shares of stock. This treatment will reduce the U.S. Holder&rsquo;s adjusted tax basis in such shares of stock by such amount,
but not below zero. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits and in excess of a U.S. Holder&rsquo;s
adjusted tax basis in its shares will be taxable as capital gain. Such gain will be taxable as long-term capital gain if the shares
have been held for more than one year. Dividends we declare in October, November, or December of any year and which are payable
to a holder of record on a specified date in any of these months will be treated as both paid by us and received by the holder
on December 31 of that year, provided we actually pay the dividend on or before January 31 of the following year. U.S. Holders
may not include in their own income tax returns any of our net operating losses or capital losses.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">U.S. Holders that receive taxable stock distributions,
including distributions partially payable in our capital stock and partially payable in cash, would be required to include the
full amount of the distribution (i.e., the cash and the stock portion) as a dividend (subject to limited exceptions) to the extent
of our current and accumulated earnings and profits for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as described above. The amount of any
distribution payable in our capital stock generally is equal to the amount of cash that could have been received instead of our
capital stock. Depending on the circumstances of a U.S. Holder, the tax on the distribution may exceed the amount of the distribution
received in cash, in which case such U.S. Holder would have to pay the tax using cash from other sources. If a U.S. Holder sells
our capital stock it received in connection with a taxable stock distribution in order to pay this tax and the proceeds of such
sale are less than the amount required to be included in income with respect to the stock portion of the distribution, such U.S.
Holder could have a capital loss with respect to the stock sale that could not be used to offset such income. A U.S. Holder that
receives our capital stock pursuant to such distribution generally has a tax basis in such capital stock equal to the amount of
cash that could have been received instead of such capital stock as described above, and has a holding period in such capital stock
that begins on the day immediately following the payment date for the distribution.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Capital Gain Dividends </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Dividends that we properly designate as
capital gain dividends will be taxable to our taxable U.S. Holders as a gain from the sale or disposition of a capital asset
held for more than one year, to the extent that such gain does not exceed our actual net capital gain for the taxable year
and may not exceed our dividends paid for the taxable year, including dividends paid the following year that are treated as
paid in the current year. U.S. Holders that are corporations may, however, be required to treat up to 20% of certain capital
gain dividends as ordinary income. If we properly designate any portion of a dividend as a capital gain dividend, then,
except as otherwise required by law, we presently intend to allocate a portion of the total capital gain dividends paid or
made available to holders of all classes of our capital stock for the year to the holders of each class of our capital stock
in proportion to the amount that our total dividends, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, paid or made
available to the holders of each such class of our capital stock for the year bears to the total dividends, as determined for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, paid or made available to holders of all classes of our capital stock for the year. In
addition, except as otherwise required by law, we will make a similar allocation with respect to any undistributed long-term
capital gains which are to be included in the long-term capital gains of our stockholders, based on the allocation of the
capital gain amount which would have resulted if those undistributed long-term capital gains had been distributed as
 &ldquo;capital gain dividends&rdquo; by us to our stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Retention of Net Capital Gains </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We may elect to retain, rather than distribute
as a capital gain dividend, all or a portion of our net capital gains. If we make this election, we would pay tax on our retained
net capital gains. In addition, to the extent we so elect, our earnings and profits (determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes)
would be adjusted accordingly, and a U.S. Holder generally would:</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">include its pro rata share of our undistributed capital gain in computing its long-term capital gains
in its U.S. federal income tax return for its taxable year in which the last day of our taxable year falls, subject to certain
limitations as to the amount that is includable;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">be deemed to have paid its share of the capital gains tax imposed on us on the designated amounts
included in the U.S. Holder&rsquo;s income as long-term capital gain;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">receive a credit or refund for the amount of tax deemed paid by it;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">increase the adjusted tax basis of our capital stock by the difference between the amount of includable
gains and the tax deemed to have been paid by it; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">in the case of a U.S. Holder that is a corporation, appropriately adjust its earnings and profits
for the retained capital gains in accordance with Treasury Regulations to be promulgated by the IRS.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Passive Activity Losses and Investment
Interest Limitations </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Distributions we make and gain arising from
the sale or exchange by a U.S. Holder of our capital stock will not be treated as passive activity income. As a result, U.S. Holders
generally will not be able to apply any &ldquo;passive losses&rdquo; against this income or gain. A U.S. Holder generally may elect
to treat capital gain dividends, capital gains from the disposition of our capital stock and income designated as qualified dividend
income, as described in &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Federal Income Tax Considerations for Holders
of Our Capital Stock and Debt Securities&mdash;Taxation of Taxable U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock&mdash;Tax Rates&rdquo; below,
as investment income for purposes of computing the investment interest limitation, but in such case, the holder will be taxed at
ordinary income rates on such amount. Other distributions we make, to the extent they do not constitute a return of capital, generally
will be treated as investment income for purposes of computing the investment interest limitation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Dispositions of Our Capital Stock </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Except as described below under &ldquo;Material
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Federal Income Tax Considerations for Holders of Our Capital Stock and Debt Securities&mdash;Taxation
of Taxable U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock&mdash;Redemption or Repurchase by Us,&rdquo; if a U.S. Holder sells or disposes of
shares of our capital stock, it will recognize gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the difference
between the amount of cash and the fair market value of any property received on the sale or other disposition and the U.S. Holder&rsquo;s
adjusted tax basis in the shares. This gain or loss, except as provided below, will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the
U.S. Holder has held such capital stock for more than one year. However, if a U.S. Holder recognizes a loss upon the sale or other
disposition of our capital stock that it has held for six months or less, after applying certain holding period rules, the loss
recognized will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent the U.S. Holder received distributions from us which were
required to be treated as long-term capital gains.</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Redemption or Repurchase by Us </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A redemption or repurchase of shares of our
capital stock will be treated under Section&nbsp;302 of the Code as a distribution (and taxable as a dividend to the extent of
our current and accumulated earnings and profits as described above under &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Federal
Income Tax Considerations for Holders of Our Capital Stock and Debt Securities&mdash;Taxation of Taxable U.S. Holders of Our Capital
Stock&mdash;Distributions Generally&rdquo;) unless the redemption or repurchase satisfies one of the tests set forth in Section&nbsp;302(b)
of the Code and is therefore treated as a sale or exchange of the redeemed or repurchased shares. The redemption or repurchase
generally will be treated as a sale or exchange if it:</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">is &ldquo;substantially disproportionate&rdquo; with respect to the U.S. Holder,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">results in a &ldquo;complete redemption&rdquo; of the U.S. Holder&rsquo;s stock interest in us, or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">is &ldquo;not essentially equivalent to a dividend&rdquo; with respect to the U.S. Holder,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">all within the meaning of Section&nbsp;302(b)
of the Code.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In determining whether any of these tests
has been met, shares of our capital stock, including common stock and other equity interests in us, considered to be owned by the
U.S. Holder by reason of certain constructive ownership rules set forth in the Code, as well as shares of our capital stock actually
owned by the U.S. Holder, generally must be taken into account. Because the determination as to whether any of the alternative
tests of Section&nbsp;302(b) of the Code will be satisfied with respect to the U.S. Holder depends upon the facts and circumstances
at the time that the determination must be made, U.S. Holders are advised to consult their tax advisors to determine such tax treatment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If a redemption or repurchase of shares of
our capital stock is treated as a distribution, the amount of the distribution will be measured by the amount of cash and the fair
market value of any property received. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Federal Income Tax Considerations
for Holders of Our Capital Stock and Debt Securities&mdash;Taxation of Taxable U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock&mdash;Distributions
Generally.&rdquo; A U.S. Holder&rsquo;s adjusted tax basis in the redeemed or repurchased shares generally will be transferred
to the holder&rsquo;s remaining shares of our capital stock, if any. If a U.S. Holder owns no other shares of our capital stock,
under certain circumstances, such basis may be transferred to a related person or it may be lost entirely. Prospective investors
should consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of a redemption or repurchase of our capital
stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If a redemption or repurchase of shares of
our capital stock is not treated as a distribution, it will be treated as a taxable sale or exchange in the manner described under
 &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Federal Income Tax Considerations for Holders of Our Capital Stock
and Debt Securities&mdash;Taxation of Taxable U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock&mdash;Dispositions of Our Capital Stock.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Tax Rates </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The maximum tax rate for non-corporate taxpayers
for (1)&nbsp;long-term capital gains, including certain &ldquo;capital gain dividends,&rdquo; is generally 20% (although depending
on the characteristics of the assets which produced these gains and on designations which we may make, certain capital gain dividends
may be taxed at a 25% rate) and (2) &ldquo;qualified dividend income&rdquo; is generally 20%. In general, dividends payable by
REITs are not eligible for the reduced tax rate on qualified dividend income, except to the extent that certain holding period
requirements have been met and the REIT&rsquo;s dividends are attributable to dividends received from taxable corporations (such
as its TRSs) or to income that was subject to tax at the corporate/REIT level (for example, if the REIT distributed taxable income
that it retained and paid tax on in the prior taxable year). Capital gain dividends will only be eligible for the rates described
above to the extent that they are properly designated by the REIT as &ldquo;capital gain dividends.&rdquo; U.S. Holders that are
corporations may be required to treat up to 20% of some capital gain dividends as ordinary income. In addition, non-corporate U.S.
Holders, including individuals, generally may deduct up to 20% of dividends from a REIT, other than capital gain dividends and
dividends treated as qualified dividend income, for taxable years beginning after December&nbsp;31, 2017 and before January&nbsp;1,
2026 for purposes of determining their U.S. federal income tax (but not for purposes of the 3.8% Medicare tax), subject to certain
limitations.</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Taxation of Tax-Exempt Holders of Our
Capital Stock </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Dividend income from us and gain arising upon
a sale of our capital stock generally should not be unrelated business taxable income, or UBTI, to a tax-exempt holder, except
as described below. This income or gain will be UBTI, however, to the extent a tax-exempt holder holds its shares as &ldquo;debt-financed
property&rdquo; within the meaning of the Code or if we hold an asset that gives rise to &ldquo;excess inclusion income.&rdquo;
See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Taxation of the Company&mdash;Excess Inclusion Income.&rdquo;
Generally, &ldquo;debt-financed property&rdquo; is property the acquisition or holding of which was financed through a borrowing
by the tax-exempt holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For tax-exempt holders that are social clubs,
voluntary employee benefit associations or supplemental unemployment benefit trusts exempt from U.S. federal income taxation under
Sections 501(c)(7), (c)(9) or (c)(17) of the Code, respectively, income from an investment in our capital stock will constitute
UBTI unless the organization is able to properly claim a deduction for amounts set aside or placed in reserve for specific purposes
so as to offset the income generated by its investment in our stock. These prospective investors should consult their tax advisors
concerning these &ldquo;set aside&rdquo; and reserve requirements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Notwithstanding the above, however, a portion
of the dividends paid by a &ldquo;pension-held REIT&rdquo; may be treated as UBTI as to certain trusts that hold more than 10%,
by value, of the interests in the REIT. A REIT will not be a &ldquo;pension-held REIT&rdquo; if it is able to satisfy the &ldquo;not
closely held&rdquo; requirement without relying on the &ldquo;look-through&rdquo; exception with respect to certain trusts or if
such REIT is not &ldquo;predominantly held&rdquo; by &ldquo;qualified trusts.&rdquo; As a result of restrictions on ownership and
transfer of our capital stock contained in our charter, we do not expect to be classified as a &ldquo;pension-held REIT,&rdquo;
and as a result, the tax treatment described above should be inapplicable to the holders of our capital stock. However, because
our common stock is (and, we anticipate, will continue to be) publicly traded, we cannot guarantee that this will always be the
case.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders of Our
Capital Stock </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following discussion addresses the rules
governing U.S. federal income taxation of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our capital stock by Non-U.S. Holders. These
rules are complex, and no attempt is made herein to provide more than a brief summary of such rules. Accordingly, the discussion
does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation and does not address other U.S. federal, state, local or non-U.S.
tax consequences that may be relevant to a Non-U.S. Holder in light of its particular circumstances. We urge Non-U.S. Holders to
consult their tax advisors to determine the impact of U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. income and other tax laws and any
applicable tax treaty on the purchase, ownership and disposition of our capital stock, including any reporting requirements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Distributions Generally </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Distributions (including any taxable
stock distributions) that are neither attributable to gains from sales or exchanges by us of United States real property
interests, or USRPIs, nor designated by us as capital gain dividends (except as described below) will be treated as dividends
of ordinary income to the extent that they are made out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. Such
distributions ordinarily will be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be
specified by an applicable income tax treaty, unless the distributions are treated as effectively connected with the conduct
by the Non-U.S. Holder of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty,
the Non-U.S. Holder maintains a permanent establishment in the United States to which such dividends are attributable). Under
certain treaties, however, lower withholding rates generally applicable to dividends do not apply to dividends from a REIT.
In addition, any portion of the dividends paid to Non-U.S. Holders that are treated as excess inclusion income will not be
eligible for exemption from the 30% withholding tax or a reduced treaty rate. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax
Considerations&mdash;Taxation of the Company&mdash;Excess Inclusion Income.&rdquo; Certain certification and disclosure
requirements must be satisfied for a Non-U.S. Holder to be exempt from withholding under the effectively connected income
exemption. Dividends that are treated as effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business (through a U.S. permanent
establishment, where applicable) generally will not be subject to withholding but will be subject to U.S. federal income tax
on a net basis at the regular graduated rates, in the same manner as dividends paid to U.S. Holders are subject to U.S.
federal income tax. Any such dividends received by a Non-U.S. Holder that is a corporation may also be subject to an
additional branch profits tax at a 30% rate (applicable after deducting U.S. federal income taxes paid on such effectively
connected income) or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Except as otherwise provided
below, we expect to withhold U.S. federal income tax at the rate of 30% on any distributions made to a Non-U.S. Holder
unless:</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">a lower treaty rate applies and the Non-U.S. Holder furnishes an IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E (or other
applicable documentation) evidencing eligibility for that reduced treaty rate; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the Non-U.S. Holder furnishes an IRS Form W-8ECI (or other applicable documentation) claiming that
the distribution is income effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s trade or business.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Distributions in excess of our current and
accumulated earnings and profits will not be taxable to a Non-U.S. Holder to the extent that such distributions do not exceed the
adjusted tax basis of the holder&rsquo;s shares of our capital stock, but rather will reduce the adjusted tax basis of such shares.
To the extent that such distributions exceed the Non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s adjusted tax basis in such shares, they will generally
give rise to gain from the sale or exchange of such shares, the tax treatment of which is described below. However, such excess
distributions may be treated as dividend income for certain Non-U.S. Holders. For withholding purposes, we expect to treat all
distributions as made out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. However, amounts withheld may be refundable if it
is subsequently determined that the distribution was, in fact, in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, provided
that certain conditions are met.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Capital Gain Dividends and Distributions
Attributable to a Sale or Exchange of United States Real Property Interests </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Distributions to a Non-U.S. Holder that we
properly designate as capital gain dividends, other than those arising from the disposition of a USRPI, generally should not be
subject to U.S. federal income taxation, unless:</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the investment in our capital stock is treated as effectively connected with the conduct by the Non-U.S.
Holder of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, the Non-U.S. Holder
maintains a permanent establishment in the United States to which such dividends are attributable), in which case the Non-U.S.
Holder will be subject to the same treatment as U.S. Holders with respect to such gain, except that a Non-U.S. Holder that is a
corporation may also be subject to a branch profits tax of up to 30%, as discussed above; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the Non-U.S. Holder is a nonresident alien individual who is present in the United States for 183
days or more during the taxable year and certain other conditions are met, in which case the Non-U.S. Holder will be subject to
U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% on the Non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s capital gains (or such lower rate specified by an applicable
income tax treaty), which may be offset by U.S. source capital losses of such Non-U.S. Holder (even though the individual is not
considered a resident of the United States), provided the Non-U.S. Holder has timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with
respect to such losses.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the Foreign Investment in
Real Property Tax Act, or FIRPTA, distributions to a Non-U.S. Holder that are attributable to gain from sales or exchanges by
us of USRPIs, whether or not designated as capital gain dividends, will cause the Non-U.S. Holder to be treated as
recognizing such gain as income effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. Non-U.S. Holders generally would be
taxed at the regular graduated rates applicable to U.S. Holders, subject to any applicable alternative minimum tax and a
special alternative minimum tax in the case of nonresident alien individuals. We also will be required to withhold and to
remit to the IRS 21% of any distribution to Non-U.S. Holders attributable to gain from sales or exchanges by us of USRPIs.
Distributions subject to FIRPTA may also be subject to a 30% branch profits tax in the hands of a Non-U.S. Holder that is a
corporation. The amount withheld is creditable against the Non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s U.S. federal income tax liability.
However, any distribution with respect to any class of stock that is &ldquo;regularly traded,&rdquo; as defined by applicable
Treasury Regulations, on an established securities market located in the United States is not subject to FIRPTA, and
therefore, not subject to the 21% U.S. withholding tax described above, if the Non-U.S. Holder did not own more than 10% of
such class of stock at any time during the one-year period ending on the date of the distribution. Instead, such
distributions generally will be treated as ordinary dividend distributions and subject to withholding in the manner described
above with respect to ordinary dividends. In addition, distributions to certain non-U.S. publicly traded shareholders that
meet certain record-keeping and other requirements, or qualified shareholders, are exempt from FIRPTA, except to the extent
owners of such qualified shareholders that are not also qualified shareholders own, actually or constructively, more than 10%
of our capital stock. Furthermore, distributions to &ldquo;qualified foreign pension funds&rdquo; or entities all of the
interests of which are held by &ldquo;qualified foreign pension funds&rdquo; are exempt from FIRPTA. Non-U.S. Holders should
consult their tax advisors regarding the application of these rules.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>Retention of Net Capital Gains </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Although the law is not clear on the matter,
it appears that amounts we designate as retained net capital gains in respect of our capital stock should be treated with respect
to Non-U.S. Holders as actual distributions of capital gain dividends. Under this approach, the Non-U.S. Holders may be able to
offset as a credit against their U.S. federal income tax liability their proportionate share of the tax that we paid on such retained
net capital gains and to receive from the IRS a refund to the extent their proportionate share of such tax that we paid exceeds
their actual U.S. federal income tax liability. If we were to designate any portion of our net capital gain as retained net capital
gain, Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the taxation of such retained net capital gain.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>Sale of Our Capital Stock </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Except as described below under &ldquo;Material
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Federal Income Tax Considerations for Holders of Our Capital Stock and Debt Securities&mdash;Taxation
of Non-U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock&mdash;Redemption or Repurchase by Us,&rdquo; gain realized by a Non-U.S. Holder upon the
sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of our capital stock generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax unless
such stock constitutes a USRPI. In general, stock of a domestic corporation that constitutes a &ldquo;United States real property
holding corporation&rdquo;, or a &ldquo;USRPHC&rdquo;, will constitute a USRPI unless certain exceptions apply. A domestic corporation
will constitute a USRPHC if 50% or more of the corporation&rsquo;s assets on any of certain testing dates during a prescribed testing
period consist of interests in real property located within the United States, excluding for this purpose, interests in real property
solely in a capacity as creditor. We do not believe we are currently, and do not anticipate becoming, a USRPHC. However, because
the determination of whether we are a USRPHC depends on the fair market value of our USRPIs relative to the fair market value of
our non-U.S. real property interests and our other business assets, there can be no assurance we currently are not a USRPHC or
will not become one in the future.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Even if we were a USRPHC, our capital stock
will not constitute a USRPI so long as we are a &ldquo;domestically controlled qualified investment entity.&rdquo; A &ldquo;domestically
controlled qualified investment entity&rdquo; includes a REIT in which at all times during a five-year testing period less than
50% in value of its stock is held directly or indirectly by non-United States persons, subject to certain rules. For purposes of
determining whether a REIT is a &ldquo;domestically controlled qualified investment entity,&rdquo; a person who at all applicable
times holds less than 5% of a class of stock that is &ldquo;regularly traded&rdquo; is treated as a United States person unless
the REIT has actual knowledge that such person is not a United States person. Although we believe that we are a &ldquo;domestically
controlled qualified investment entity,&rdquo; because our common stock is (and, we anticipate, will continue to be) publicly traded,
we cannot make any assurance that we will remain a &ldquo;domestically controlled qualified investment entity.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Even if we were a USRPHC and we do not qualify
as a &ldquo;domestically controlled qualified investment entity&rdquo; at the time a Non-U.S. Holder sells our capital stock, gain
realized from the sale or other taxable disposition by a Non-U.S. Holder of such capital stock would not be subject to U.S. federal
income tax under FIRPTA as a sale of a USRPI if:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="vertical-align: middle; text-align: justify">such class of stock is &ldquo;regularly traded,&rdquo; as defined by applicable Treasury Regulations,
on an established securities market, such as the New York Stock Exchange, and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="vertical-align: middle; text-align: justify">such Non-U.S. Holder owned, actually and constructively, 10% or less of such class of stock throughout
the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date of the sale or other taxable disposition or the Non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s
holding period.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition, dispositions of our capital stock
by qualified shareholders are exempt from FIRPTA, except to the extent owners of such qualified shareholders that are not also
qualified shareholders own, actually or constructively, more than 10% of our capital stock. Furthermore, dispositions of our capital
stock by &ldquo;qualified foreign pension funds&rdquo; or entities all of the interests of which are held by &ldquo;qualified foreign
pension funds&rdquo; are exempt from FIRPTA. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of these
rules.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Notwithstanding the foregoing, gain from the
sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of our capital stock not otherwise subject to FIRPTA will be taxable to a Non-U.S.
Holder if either (a)&nbsp;the investment in our capital stock is treated as effectively connected with the conduct by the Non-U.S.
Holder of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, the Non-U.S. Holder
maintains a permanent establishment in the United States to which such gain is attributable), in which case the Non-U.S. Holder
will be subject to the same treatment as U.S. Holders with respect to such gain, except that a Non-U.S. Holder that is a corporation
may also be subject to the 30% branch profits tax (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on
such gain, as adjusted for certain items, or (b)&nbsp;the Non-U.S. Holder is a nonresident alien individual who is present in the
United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and certain other conditions are met, in which case the Non-U.S. Holder
will be subject to a 30% tax on the Non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s capital gains (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income
tax treaty), which may be offset by U.S. source capital losses of the Non-U.S. Holder (even though the individual is not considered
a resident of the United States), provided the Non-U.S. Holder has timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to
such losses. In addition, even if we are a domestically controlled qualified investment entity, upon disposition of our capital
stock, a Non-U.S. Holder may be treated as having gain from the sale or other taxable disposition of a USRPI if the Non-U.S. Holder
(1)&nbsp;disposes of such stock within a 30-day period preceding the ex-dividend date of a distribution, any portion of which,
but for the disposition, would have been treated as gain from the sale or exchange of a USRPI and (2)&nbsp;acquires, or enters
into a contract or option to acquire, or is deemed to acquire, other shares of that stock during the 61-day period beginning with
the first day of the 30-day period described in clause (1), unless such class of stock is &ldquo;regularly traded&rdquo; and the
Non-U.S. Holder did not own more than 10% of such class of stock at any time during the one-year period ending on the date of the
distribution described in clause (1).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If gain on the sale, exchange or other taxable
disposition of our capital stock were subject to taxation under FIRPTA, the Non-U.S. Holder would be required to file a U.S. federal
income tax return and would be subject to regular U.S. federal income tax with respect to such gain in the same manner as a taxable
U.S. Holder (subject to any applicable alternative minimum tax and a special alternative minimum tax in the case of nonresident
alien individuals). In addition, if the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of our capital stock were subject to taxation
under FIRPTA and if shares of the applicable class of our capital stock were not &ldquo;regularly traded&rdquo; on an established
securities market, the purchaser of such capital stock generally would be required to withhold and remit to the IRS 15% of the
purchase price.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Redemption or Repurchase by Us </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A redemption or repurchase of shares of our
capital stock will be treated under Section&nbsp;302 of the Code as a distribution (and taxable as a dividend to the extent of
our current and accumulated earnings and profits) unless the redemption or repurchase satisfies one of the tests set forth in Section&nbsp;302(b)
of the Code and is therefore treated as a sale or exchange of the redeemed or repurchased shares. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal
Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Federal Income Tax Considerations for Holders of Our Capital Stock and Debt Securities&mdash;Taxation
of Taxable U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock&mdash;Redemption or Repurchase by Us.&rdquo; Qualified shareholders and their owners
may be subject to different rules, and should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of such rules. If the redemption
or repurchase of shares is treated as a distribution, the amount of the distribution will be measured by the amount of cash and
the fair market value of any property received. See &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Federal Income
Tax Considerations for Holders of Our Capital Stock and Debt Securities&mdash;Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock&mdash;Distributions
Generally.&rdquo; If the redemption or repurchase of shares is not treated as a distribution, it will be treated as a taxable sale
or exchange in the manner described under &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Federal Income Tax Considerations
for Holders of Our Capital Stock and Debt Securities&mdash;Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders of Our Capital Stock&mdash;Sale of Our
Capital Stock.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Taxation of Holders of Our Debt Securities
</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following summary describes the material
U.S. federal income tax consequences of purchasing, owning and disposing of our debt securities. This discussion assumes the debt
securities will be issued with less than a statutory <I>de minimis </I>amount of original issue discount for U.S. federal income
tax purposes. In addition, this discussion is limited to persons purchasing the debt securities for cash at original issue and
at their original &ldquo;issue price&rdquo; within the meaning of Section&nbsp;1273 of the Code (i.e., the first price at which
a substantial amount of the debt securities is sold to the public for cash).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>U.S. Holders </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Payments of Interest </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Interest on a debt security generally will
be taxable to a U.S. Holder as ordinary income at the time such interest is received or accrued, in accordance with such U.S. Holder&rsquo;s
method of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Sale or Other Taxable Disposition </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A U.S. Holder will recognize gain or loss
on the sale, exchange, redemption, retirement or other taxable disposition of a debt security. The amount of such gain or loss
generally will be equal to the difference between the amount received for the debt security in cash or other property valued at
fair market value (less amounts attributable to any accrued but unpaid interest, which will be taxable as interest to the extent
not previously included in income) and the U.S. Holder&rsquo;s adjusted tax basis in the debt security. A U.S. Holder&rsquo;s adjusted
tax basis in a debt security generally will be equal to the amount the U.S. Holder paid for the debt security. Any gain or loss
generally will be capital gain or loss, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder has held the debt security
for more than one year at the time of such sale or other taxable disposition. Otherwise, such gain or loss will be short-term capital
gain or loss. Long-term capital gains recognized by certain non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individuals, generally will be
taxable at reduced rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Non-U.S. Holders </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Payments of Interest </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Interest paid on a debt security to a Non-U.S.
Holder that is not effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s conduct of a trade or business within the United States
generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax, or withholding tax, provided that:</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the Non-U.S. Holder does not, actually or constructively, own 10% or more of the total combined voting
power of all classes of our voting stock;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the Non-U.S. Holder is not a controlled foreign corporation related to us through actual or constructive
stock ownership; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">either (1)&nbsp;the Non-U.S. Holder certifies in a statement provided to the applicable withholding
agent under penalties of perjury that it is not a United States person and provides its name and address; (2)&nbsp;a securities
clearing organization, bank or other financial institution that holds customers&rsquo; securities in the ordinary course of its
trade or business and holds the debt security on behalf of the Non-U.S. Holder certifies to the applicable withholding agent under
penalties of perjury that it, or the financial institution between it and the Non-U.S. Holder, has received from the Non-U.S. Holder
a statement under penalties of perjury that such holder is not a United States person and provides the applicable withholding agent
with a copy of such statement; or (3)&nbsp;the Non-U.S. Holder holds its debt security directly through a &ldquo;qualified intermediary&rdquo;
(within the meaning of the applicable Treasury Regulations) and certain conditions are satisfied.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If a Non-U.S. Holder does not satisfy the
requirements above, such Non-U.S. Holder will be subject to withholding tax of 30%, subject to a reduction in or an exemption from
withholding on such interest as a result of an applicable tax treaty. To claim such entitlement, the Non-U.S. Holder must provide
the applicable withholding agent with a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E (or other applicable documentation) claiming
a reduction in or exemption from withholding tax under the benefit of an income tax treaty between the United States and the country
in which the Non-U.S. Holder resides or is established.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If interest paid to a Non-U.S. Holder is effectively
connected with the Non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable
income tax treaty, the Non-U.S. Holder maintains a permanent establishment in the United States to which such interest is attributable),
the Non-U.S. Holder will be exempt from the U.S. federal withholding tax described above. To claim the exemption, the Non-U.S.
Holder must furnish to the applicable withholding agent a valid IRS Form W-8ECI, certifying that interest paid on a debt security
is not subject to withholding tax because it is effectively connected with the conduct by the Non-U.S. Holder of a trade or business
within the United States.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Any such effectively connected interest generally
will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the regular graduated rates. A Non-U.S. Holder that is a corporation may also be
subject to a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on such effectively
connected interest, as adjusted for certain items.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The certifications described above must be
provided to the applicable withholding agent prior to the payment of interest and must be updated periodically. Non-U.S. Holders
that do not timely provide the applicable withholding agent with the required certification, but that qualify for a reduced rate
under an applicable income tax treaty, may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing an appropriate claim
for refund with the IRS. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding their entitlement to benefits under any applicable
income tax treaty.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>Sale or Other Taxable Disposition </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A Non-U.S. Holder will not be subject to U.S.
federal income tax on any gain realized upon the sale, exchange, redemption, retirement or other taxable disposition of a debt
security (such amount excludes any amount allocable to accrued and unpaid interest, which generally will be treated as interest
and may be subject to the rules discussed above in &ldquo;Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations&mdash;Federal Income
Tax Considerations for Holders of Our Capital Stock and Debt Securities&mdash;Taxation of Holders of Our Debt Securities&mdash;Non-U.S.
Holders&mdash;Payments of Interest&rdquo;) unless:</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the gain is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s conduct of a trade or business
within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, the Non-U.S. Holder maintains a permanent establishment
in the United States to which such gain is attributable); or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the Non-U.S. Holder is a nonresident alien individual present in the United States for 183 days or
more during the taxable year of the disposition and certain other requirements are met.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Gain described in the first bullet point above
generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at the regular graduated rates. A Non-U.S. Holder that
is a corporation also may be subject to a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income
tax treaty) on such effectively connected gain, as adjusted for certain items.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Gain described in the second bullet point
above will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty),
which may be offset by U.S. source capital losses of the Non-U.S. Holder (even though the individual is not considered a resident
of the United States), provided the Non-U.S. Holder has timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to such losses.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax
advisors regarding any applicable income tax treaties that may provide for different rules.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><I>Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>U.S. Holders </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A U.S. Holder may be subject to
information reporting and backup withholding when such holder receives payments on our capital stock or debt securities or
proceeds from the sale or other taxable disposition of our capital stock or debt securities (including a redemption or
retirement of a debt security). Certain U.S. Holders are exempt from backup withholding, including corporations and certain
tax-exempt organizations. A U.S. Holder will be subject to backup withholding if such holder is not otherwise exempt and:</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the holder fails to furnish the holder&rsquo;s taxpayer identification number, which for an individual
is ordinarily his or her social security number;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the holder furnishes an incorrect taxpayer identification number;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the applicable withholding agent is notified by the IRS that the holder previously failed to properly
report payments of interest or dividends; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the holder fails to certify under penalties of perjury that the holder has furnished a correct taxpayer
identification number and that the IRS has not notified the holder that the holder is subject to backup withholding.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Backup withholding is not an additional tax.
Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against a U.S. Holder&rsquo;s U.S.
federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS. U.S. Holders should consult their
tax advisors regarding their qualification for an exemption from backup withholding and the procedures for obtaining such an exemption.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><I>Non-U.S. Holders </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Payments of dividends on our capital stock
or interest on our debt securities generally will not be subject to backup withholding, provided the applicable withholding agent
does not have actual knowledge or reason to know the holder is a United States person and the holder either certifies its non-U.S.
status, such as by furnishing a valid IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E or W-8ECI, or otherwise establishes an exemption. However, information
returns are required to be filed with the IRS in connection with any dividends on our capital stock or interest on our debt securities
paid to the Non-U.S. Holder, regardless of whether any tax was actually withheld. In addition, proceeds of the sale or other taxable
disposition of our capital stock or debt securities (including a retirement or redemption of a debt security) within the United
States or conducted through certain U.S.-related brokers generally will not be subject to backup withholding or information reporting,
if the applicable withholding agent receives the certification described above and does not have actual knowledge or reason to
know that such holder is a United States person, or the holder otherwise establishes an exemption. Proceeds of a disposition of
our capital stock or debt securities conducted through a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker generally will not be subject to
backup withholding or information reporting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Copies of information returns that are filed
with the IRS may also be made available under the provisions of an applicable treaty or agreement to the tax authorities of the
country in which the Non-U.S. Holder resides or is established.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Backup withholding is not an additional tax.
Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against a Non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s
U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Medicare Contribution Tax on Unearned
Income </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Certain U.S. Holders that are individuals,
estates or trusts are required to pay an additional 3.8% tax on, among other things, dividends on stock, interest on debt obligations
and capital gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or debt obligations, subject to certain limitations. U.S. Holders
should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, of these rules on their ownership and disposition of our capital
stock or debt securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><I>Additional Withholding Tax on Payments
Made to Foreign Accounts </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Withholding taxes may be imposed
under Sections 1471 to 1474 of the Code (such Sections commonly referred to as the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, or
 &ldquo;FATCA&rdquo;) on certain types of payments made to non-U.S. financial institutions and certain other non-U.S.
entities. Specifically, a 30% withholding tax may be imposed on dividends on our capital stock, interest on our debt
securities, or (subject to the proposed Treasury Regulations discussed below) gross proceeds from the sale or other
disposition of our capital stock or debt securities, in each case paid to a &ldquo;foreign financial institution&rdquo; or a
 &ldquo;non-financial foreign entity&rdquo; (each as defined in the Code), unless (1)&nbsp;the foreign financial institution
undertakes certain diligence and reporting obligations, (2)&nbsp;the non-financial foreign entity either certifies it does
not have any &ldquo;substantial United States owners&rdquo; (as defined in the Code) or furnishes identifying information
regarding each substantial United States owner, or (3)&nbsp;the foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity
otherwise qualifies for an exemption from these rules. If the payee is a foreign financial institution and is subject to the
diligence and reporting requirements in clause (1)&nbsp;above, it must enter into an agreement with the U.S. Department of
the Treasury requiring, among other things, that it undertake to identify accounts held by certain &ldquo;specified United
States persons&rdquo; or &ldquo;United States owned foreign entities&rdquo; (each as defined in the Code), annually report
certain information about such accounts, and withhold 30% on certain payments to non-compliant foreign financial institutions
and certain other account holders. Foreign financial institutions located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental
agreement with the United States governing FATCA may be subject to different rules.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under the applicable Treasury Regulations
and administrative guidance, withholding under FATCA generally applies to payments of dividends on our capital stock or interest
on our debt securities. While withholding under FATCA would have applied also to payments of gross proceeds from the sale or other
disposition of our capital stock or debt securities on or after January&nbsp;1, 2019, recently proposed Treasury Regulations eliminate
FATCA withholding on payments of gross proceeds entirely. Taxpayers generally may rely on these proposed Treasury Regulations until
final Treasury Regulations are issued. Because we may not know the extent to which a distribution is a dividend for U.S. federal
income tax purposes at the time it is made, for purposes of these withholding rules we may treat the entire distribution as a dividend.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Prospective investors should consult their
tax advisors regarding the potential application of withholding under FATCA to their investment in our capital stock or debt securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><B><I>Other Tax Consequences </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">State, local and non-U.S. income tax laws
may differ substantially from the corresponding U.S. federal income tax laws, and this discussion does not purport to describe
any aspect of the tax laws of any state, local or non-U.S. jurisdiction, or any U.S. federal tax other than income tax. You should
consult your tax advisor regarding the effect of state, local and non-U.S. tax laws with respect to our tax treatment as a REIT
and on an investment in our capital stock or debt securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="Split7_001"></A>Plan
of Distribution</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may sell the securities
offered pursuant to any applicable prospectus supplement directly to one or more purchasers or through dealers, agents, or underwriters,
or a combination of the foregoing. We may sell the securities offered pursuant to any applicable prospectus supplement in at-the-market
equity offerings or on a negotiated or competitive bid basis through underwriters or dealers or directly to other purchasers or
through agents, or a combination of the foregoing. We will name any underwriter, dealer, or agent involved in the offer and sale
of the securities in the applicable prospectus supplement. We reserve the right to sell the securities directly to investors on
our own behalf in those jurisdictions where and in such manner as we are authorized to do so.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may distribute the
securities from time to time in one or more transactions:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">at prices related to prevailing market prices; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">at negotiated prices.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We may also, from time
to time, authorize underwriters, dealers, or other persons, acting as our agents, to offer and sell the securities upon the terms
and conditions as are set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. In connection with the sale of the securities, underwriters
may be deemed to have received compensation from us in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions and may also receive commissions
from purchasers of the securities for whom they may act as agent. Underwriters may sell the securities to or through dealers, and
dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions, or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions
from the purchasers for whom they may act as agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We will describe in
the applicable prospectus supplement any underwriting compensation we pay to underwriters or agents in connection with the offering
of the securities, and any discounts, concessions, or commissions allowed by underwriters to participating dealers. Dealers and
agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters, and any discounts and commissions
received by them and any profit realized by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions.
We may enter into agreements with any underwriters, dealers, and agents which may entitle them to indemnification against and contribution
toward certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and
to reimbursement for certain expenses. We will describe any indemnification agreements in the applicable prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless we specify otherwise
in the applicable prospectus supplement, any securities issued hereunder other than shares of our common stock will be a new issue
with no established trading market. We may elect to list any of the securities issued hereunder on any exchange, but we are not
obligated to do so. It is possible that one or more underwriters or agents may make a market in the securities issued hereunder,
including our common stock, but will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice.
Therefore, we cannot assure you as to the liquidity of the trading market for the securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If indicated in the
applicable prospectus supplement, we may authorize underwriters, dealers, or other persons acting as our agents to solicit offers
by certain institutions or other suitable persons to purchase the securities from us at the public offering price set forth in
the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on the date or dates stated
in the prospectus supplement. We may make delayed delivery with various institutions, including commercial and savings banks, insurance
companies, pension funds, investment companies, and educational and charitable institutions. Delayed delivery contracts will be
subject to the condition that the purchase of the securities covered by the delayed delivery contracts will not at the time of
delivery be prohibited under the laws of any jurisdiction in the United States to which the purchaser is subject. The underwriters
and agents will not have any responsibility with respect to the validity or performance of these contracts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">To facilitate an offering
of the securities, certain persons participating in the offering may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain, or otherwise
affect the price of the securities. This may include over-allotments or short sales of the securities, which involves the sale
by persons participating in the offering of more securities than we sold to them. In these circumstances, these persons would
cover the over-allotments or short positions by making purchases in the open market or by exercising their over-allotment option.
In addition, these persons may stabilize or maintain the price of the securities by bidding for or purchasing securities in the
open market or by imposing penalty bids, whereby selling concessions allowed to dealers participating in the offering may be reclaimed
if securities sold by them are repurchased in connection with stabilization transactions. The effect of these transactions may
be to stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open
market. These transactions may be discontinued at any time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Certain of the underwriters,
dealers, or agents and their respective associates may be customers of, and/or engage in transactions with, and perform services
for us in the ordinary course of business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="Split7_002"></A>Validity
of the Securities</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The validity of certain
securities will be passed upon for us by Venable LLP, Baltimore, Maryland. The validity of the debt securities and certain tax
matters will be passed upon for us by Latham &amp; Watkins LLP.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="Split7_003"></A>Experts</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The financial statements and management&rsquo;s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting incorporated
by reference in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement have been so incorporated by reference in reliance
on the reports of Grant Thornton LLP, independent registered public accountants, upon the authority of said firm as experts
in accounting and auditing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="Split7_004"></A>Incorporation
of Certain Information by Reference</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The SEC&rsquo;s rules
allow us to &ldquo;incorporate by reference&rdquo; information into this prospectus, which means that we can disclose important
information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference
is deemed to be part of this prospectus, and subsequent information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede
that information. Any statement contained in this prospectus or a previously filed document incorporated by reference will be deemed
to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus or a subsequently
filed document incorporated by reference modifies or replaces that statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This prospectus and
any accompanying prospectus supplement incorporate by reference the documents set forth below that have previously been filed with
the SEC:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000093023621000007/rwt-20201231.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, which was filed with the SEC on February 26, 2021;</A></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000110465921008796/tm214145d1_8k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on January 28, 2021;</A></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000093023620000013/a2019proxy.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">our Definitive Proxy Statement with respect to the 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which was filed with the SEC on April 27, 2020 (solely to the extent specifically incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form 10-K);</A></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: #231F20">the description of our common stock contained in <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000093023621000007/rwtex414q20.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Exhibit 4.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, which was filed with the SEC on February 26, 2021</A>, including
any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description; and </FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">all documents filed by Redwood Trust, Inc. with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14,
or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date of this prospectus and prior to the termination of the offering (but excluding any
items, documents, or portions of items or documents which are deemed &ldquo;furnished&rdquo; and not filed with the SEC, including
our Compensation Committee report and performance graph or any information furnished pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K
or related exhibits furnished pursuant to Item 9.01 of Form 8-K).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">You may request a free
copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus by writing or telephoning us at the following address:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Redwood Trust, Inc.<BR>
Attn: Investor Relations<BR>
One Belvedere Place, Suite 300<BR>
Mill Valley, CA 94941<BR>
(866) 269-4976</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">Exhibits to the filings
will not be sent, however, unless those exhibits have specifically been incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying
prospectus supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 56.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 56.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><A NAME="Split7_005"></A>Where
You Can Find More Information</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We file reports, proxy
statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements
and other information about issuers, such as us, who file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is http://www.sec.gov.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Our website address
is http://www.redwoodtrust.com. The information contained on our website, however, is not, and should not be deemed to be, a part
of this prospectus or any other report or filing filed with the SEC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This prospectus and
any prospectus supplement are part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC and do not contain all of the information
in the registration statement. We have omitted certain parts of the registration statement, as permitted by the rules and regulations
of the SEC. The full registration statement may be obtained from the SEC or us, as provided above. The indenture and forms of other
documents establishing the terms of the offered securities are or may be filed as exhibits to the registration statement or documents
incorporated by reference in the registration statement. Statements in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement about these
documents are summaries, which are not necessarily complete, and each statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the
document to which it refers. You should refer to the actual documents for a more complete description of the relevant matters.
You may inspect a copy of the registration statement through the SEC&rsquo;s website, as provided above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">PART II<BR>
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 14. <I>Other Expenses of Issuance
and Distribution</I>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table
itemizes the expenses incurred by the Registrant in connection with the issuance and registration of the securities being registered
hereunder. All amounts shown are estimates except the Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 87%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">SEC registration fee</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><SUP>(1)</SUP></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">FINRA filing fee</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><SUP>(2)</SUP></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Printing and engraving expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><SUP>(2)</SUP></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Legal fees and expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><SUP>(2)</SUP></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Accounting fees and expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><SUP>(2)</SUP></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Blue Sky, qualification fees and expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><SUP>(2)</SUP></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Fees of rating agencies</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><SUP>(2)</SUP></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Trustee fees and expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><SUP>(2)</SUP></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Transfer agent fees and expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><SUP>(2)</SUP></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">NYSE listing fees</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><SUP>(2)</SUP></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Federal and state taxes and fees</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><SUP>(2)</SUP></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">Miscellaneous fees and expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><SUP>(2)</SUP></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><SUP>(2)</SUP></TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt; width: 25%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Under SEC Rules 456(b) and 457(r), the SEC registration fee will be paid at the time of any particular
offering of securities under the registration statement, and is therefore not currently determinable, other than registration fees
of $658,130.76, which were previously paid with respect to unsold securities having an aggregate initial offering price of $4,825,005,547.07
that were registered pursuant to Registration Statement No. 333-211339, initially filed by Sequoia Residential Funding, Inc. on
May 13, 2016.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">These fees are calculated based on the securities offered and the number of issuances and accordingly
cannot be estimated at this time.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 15. <I>Indemnification of Directors
and Officers</I>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Maryland law permits
a Maryland corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the liability of its directors and officers to the corporation
and its stockholders for money damages except for liability resulting from (a)&nbsp;actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit
in money, property, or services or (b) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment as being material to the
cause of action. The charter of the registrant contains such a provision which eliminates such liability to the maximum extent
permitted by Maryland law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The charter and bylaws
of the registrant require it, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, to indemnify and to pay or reimburse reasonable
expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to (a)&nbsp;any present or former director or officer or (b) any individual
who, while a director or officer of the registrant and at the request of the registrant, serves or has served as a director, officer,
partner, or trustee of another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan,
or any other enterprise from and against any claim or liability to which such person may become subject or which such person may
incur by reason of his or her service in any such capacity. The bylaws of the registrant establish certain procedures for indemnification
and advance of expenses pursuant to applicable law and the registrant&rsquo;s charter. The charter and bylaws also permit the registrant
to indemnify and advance expenses to any person who served a predecessor of the registrant in any of the capacities described above
and to any employee or agent of the registrant or a predecessor of the registrant.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The MGCL requires
a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise, which the registrant&rsquo;s charter does not) to indemnify a director or
officer who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made, or threatened
to be made, a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity. The MGCL permits a corporation to indemnify its present
and former directors and officers, among others, against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually
incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made, or threatened to be made, a party by reason of their
service in those or other capacities unless it is established that (a) the act or omission of the director or officer was material
to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and (i) was committed in bad faith or (ii) was the result of active and deliberate
dishonesty, (b)&nbsp;the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property, or services or
(c) in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was
unlawful. However, under the MGCL, a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right
of the corporation or for a judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, unless in either
case a court orders indemnification, and then only for expenses. In addition, the MGCL permits a corporation to advance reasonable
expenses to a director or officer upon the corporation&rsquo;s receipt of (a) a written affirmation by the director or officer
of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the corporation
and (b) a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the corporation
if it shall ultimately be determined that the standard of conduct was not met.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 16. <I>Exhibits</I>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 11%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>Exhibit<BR>

Number</B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 89%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>Description</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">1.1*</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Underwriting Agreement</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.1.1</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Articles of Amendment and Restatement of the Registrant, effective July 6, 1994 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Exhibit 3.1, filed on August 6, 2008) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1x1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.1.2</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1x1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Articles Supplementary of the Registrant, effective August 10, 1994 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Exhibit 3.1.1, filed on August 6, 2008) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1x2.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.1.3</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1x2.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Articles Supplementary of the Registrant, effective August 11, 1995 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Exhibit 3.1.2, filed on August 6, 2008) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1x3.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.1.4</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1x3.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Articles Supplementary of the Registrant, effective August 9, 1996 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Exhibit 3.1.3, filed on August 6, 2008) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1x4.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.1.5</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1x4.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Certificate of Amendment of the Registrant, effective June 30, 1998 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Exhibit 3.1.4, filed on August 6, 2008) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1x5.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.1.6</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1x5.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Articles Supplementary of the Registrant, effective April 7, 2003 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Exhibit 3.1.5, filed on August 6, 2008) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1x6.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.1.7</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408044180/v121810_ex3-1x6.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Articles of Amendment of the Registrant, effective June 12, 2008 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Exhibit 3.1.6, filed on August 6, 2008) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420409028950/v150501_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.1.8</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420409028950/v150501_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Articles of Amendment of the Registrant, effective May 19, 2009 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, Exhibit 3.1, filed on May 21, 2009) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420411031423/v223334_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.1.8</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420411031423/v223334_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Articles of Amendment of the Registrant, effective May 24, 2011 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, Exhibit 3.1, filed on May 20, 2011) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420412031009/v313876_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.1.10</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420412031009/v313876_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Articles of Amendment of the Registrant, effective May 18, 2012 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, Exhibit 3.1, filed on May 21, 2012) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 11%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420413030794/v345819_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.1.11</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 89%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420413030794/v345819_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Articles of Amendment of the Registrant, effective May 16, 2013 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, Exhibit 3.1, filed on May 21, 2013) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419027121/tv521764_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.1.12</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419027121/tv521764_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Articles of Amendment of the Registrant, effective May 15, 2019 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, Exhibit 3.1, filed on May 17, 2019) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408014477/v106447_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.2.1</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420408014477/v106447_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant, as adopted on March 5, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, Exhibit 3.1, filed on March 11, 2008) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420412031009/v313876_ex3-2.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.2.2</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420412031009/v313876_ex3-2.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">First Amendment to Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant, as adopted on May 17, 2012 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, Exhibit 3.2, filed on May 21, 2012) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420418030361/tv494841_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">3.2.3</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420418030361/tv494841_ex3-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant, as adopted on May 22, 2018 (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, Exhibit 3.1, filed on May 23, 2018) (File No. 001-13759)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/0000950149-96-001081.txt" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">4.1</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/0000950149-96-001081.txt" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Form of Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to the Registrant&rsquo;s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-08363), Exhibit 4.3, filed on August 6, 1996) (File No. 333-08363)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">4.2*</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Form of Preferred Stock Certificate</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">4.3*</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Form of Debt Security</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419024945/tv520623_ex4-4.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">4.4**</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419024945/tv520623_ex4-4.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Form of Indenture</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">4.5*</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Form of Warrant</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">4.6*</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Form of Warrant Agreement</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420413013311/v337082_ex4-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">4.7</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420413013311/v337082_ex4-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Indenture, dated March 6, 2013, between Redwood
Trust, Inc. and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company&rsquo;s
Current Report on Form 8-K/A, filed March 6, 2013)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000119312517262227/d385131dex42.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">4.8</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000119312517262227/d385131dex42.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Second Supplemental Indenture, dated August 18,
2017, between Redwood Trust, Inc. and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee (including the form of 4.75% Convertible
Senior Note due 2023) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed August
18, 2017).</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000119312518202493/d614304dex42.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">4.9</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000119312518202493/d614304dex42.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Third Supplemental Indenture, dated June 25, 2018,
between Redwood Trust, Inc. and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee (including the form of 5.625% Convertible Senior
Note due 2024) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on June 25, 2018)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419024945/tv520623_ex5-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">5.1**</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419024945/tv520623_ex5-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Opinion of Venable LLP</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="tm217957d3_ex5-2.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">5.2</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="tm217957d3_ex5-2.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Opinion of Latham &amp; Watkins LLP</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419024945/tv520623_ex8-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">8.1**</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419024945/tv520623_ex8-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Opinion of Latham &amp; Watkins LLP</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="tm217957d3_ex23-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">23.1</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="tm217957d3_ex23-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Consent of Grant Thornton LLP</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419024945/tv520623_ex5-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">23.2**</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419024945/tv520623_ex5-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Consent of Venable LLP (contained in Exhibit 5.1)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="tm217957d3_ex5-2.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">23.3</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="tm217957d3_ex5-2.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Consent of Latham &amp; Watkins LLP (contained in Exhibit 5.2)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419024945/tv520623_ex8-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">23.5**</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419024945/tv520623_ex8-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Consent of Latham &amp; Watkins LLP (contained in Exhibit 8.1)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="#sig_001" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">24.1***</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="#sig_001" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Power of Attorney (included on signature page to this Registration Statement)</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419024945/tv520623_ex25-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">25.1**</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/930236/000114420419024945/tv520623_ex25-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Statement
    of Eligibility of Trustee on Form T-1 with respect to the Form of Indenture</A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="tm217957d3_ex25-2.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">25.2</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 10pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><A HREF="tm217957d3_ex25-2.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Statement of Eligibility of Trustee on Form T-1
with respect to the March 6, 2013 Indenture</A></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt; width: 25%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">*</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">To be filed by amendment or incorporated by reference in connection with the offering of the securities.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">**</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Previously filed.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">***</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Initial Powers of Attorney were previously filed in the Registration Statement filed May 9, 2019;
additional Powers of Attorney are contained in this Registration Statement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 17. <I>Undertakings</I>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(a)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment
to this registration statement:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(i)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(ii)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration
statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental
change in the information in the registration statement; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(iii)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed
in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify"><I>provided, however</I>, that
paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) of this section do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3 or Form
F-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed
with or furnished to the SEC by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that
are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)
that is part of the registration statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such
post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the
offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(3)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being
registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(4)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(i)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of
the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(ii)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a
registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the
purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and
included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness
or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B,
for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new
effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus
relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided,
however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in
a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into
the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract
of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus
that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(5)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933
to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities: The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering
of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used
to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following
communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities
to such purchaser:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(i)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering
required to be filed pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(ii)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned
registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(iii)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information
about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(iv)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to
the purchaser.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(b)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under
the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant&rsquo;s annual report pursuant to section 13(a) or section 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan&rsquo;s annual report pursuant
to section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall
be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at
that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(c)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted
to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant
has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore,
unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant
of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action,
suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered,
the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court
of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and
will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.</TD></TR>                                                                                                                                                                                                         <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>(d) </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to file an
application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of section 310 of the Trust
Indenture Act (&ldquo;Act&rdquo;) in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission under section 305(b)(2)
of the Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><A NAME="sig_001"></A>SIGNATURES</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Act of 1933, Redwood Trust, Inc. certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the
requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Mill Valley, State of California, on this 12th day of March, 2021.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">REDWOOD TRUST, INC.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Christopher J. Abate</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Christopher
    J. Abate</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
    Executive Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">POWER OF ATTORNEY</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">KNOW ALL PERSONS BY
THESE PRESENT, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Christopher J. Abate and Andrew P. Stone
and each or either of them, his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution,
for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective
amendments or any abbreviated registration statement and any amendments thereto filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) increasing the number
of securities for which registration is sought) to this Registration Statement, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto,
and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact
and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to
be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying
and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his substitutes or substitute, may lawfully
do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the
dates indicated:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Signature</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Title</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Date</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Christopher J. Abate</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director
    and Chief Executive Officer</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">March 12, 2021</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Christopher
    J. Abate</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Principal
    Executive Officer)</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    Collin L. Cochrane</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
    Financial Officer and Executive Vice President</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">March 12, 2021</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Collin
    L. Cochrane</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Principal
    Financial and Accounting Officer)</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">/s/ Richard D. Baum</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director,
    Chairman of the Board</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">March 12, 2021</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Richard
    D. Baum</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">/s/ Douglas B. Hansen</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">March 12, 2021</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Douglas
    B. Hansen</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">/s/ Debora D. Horvath</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">March 12, 2021</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Debora
    D. Horvath</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">/s/ Greg H. Kubicek</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">March 12, 2021</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Greg
    H. Kubicek</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
    George W. Madison</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">March 12, 2021</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">George
    W. Madison</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">/s/ Jeffrey T. Pero</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">March 12, 2021</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Jeffrey
    T. Pero</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 32%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Signature</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 32%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Title</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 32%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Date</B></FONT></TD></TR>

<TR>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%; text-align: center">/s/ Georganne
    C. Proctor</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 32%; text-align: justify">March 12, 2021</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Georganne
    C. Proctor</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-5.2
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>tm217957d3_ex5-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 5.2
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
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<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 5.2</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD ROWSPAN="7" STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: left; width: 50%">
        <IMG SRC="tm217957d3_ex5-2img001.jpg" ALT=""><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">650 Town Center Drive, 20th Floor</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Costa Mesa, California 92626-1925</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Tel: +1.714.540.1235 Fax: +1.714.755.8290</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">www.lw.com</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">FIRM / AFFILIATE OFFICES</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Beijing</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Moscow</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Boston</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Munich</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Brussels</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">New York</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Century City</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Orange County</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chicago</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Paris</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dubai</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Riyadh</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>March&nbsp;12, 2021</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">D&uuml;sseldorf</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">San Diego</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Frankfurt</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">San Francisco</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hamburg</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Seoul</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hong Kong</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Shanghai</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Houston</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Silicon Valley</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">London</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Singapore</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Los Angeles</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Tokyo</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Madrid</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Washington, D.C.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Milan</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Redwood Trust,&nbsp;Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">One Belvedere Place, Suite&nbsp;300</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Mill Valley, CA 94941</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">Re:</TD><TD><U>Registration Statement on Form&nbsp;S-3</U></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Ladies and Gentlemen:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We have acted as special
counsel to Redwood Trust,&nbsp;Inc., a Maryland corporation (the &ldquo;<B><I>Company</I></B>&rdquo;), in connection with its filing
on March&nbsp;12, 2021 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;<B><I>Commission</I></B>&rdquo;) of a Post-Effective
Amendment No.&nbsp;1 to the registration statement on Form&nbsp;S-3 (File No.&nbsp;333-231338) (as amended, the &ldquo;<B><I>Registration
Statement</I></B>&rdquo;), including a base prospectus (the &ldquo;<B><I>Base Prospectus</I></B>&rdquo;), which provides that it
will be supplemented by one or more prospectus supplements (each such prospectus supplement, together with the Base Prospectus,
a &ldquo;<B><I>Prospectus</I></B>&rdquo;), under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;<B><I>Act</I></B>&rdquo;),
relating to the registration for issue and sale by the Company from time to time of one or more series of debt securities of the
Company, which may consist of debentures, notes or other types of debt and which may be exchangeable for or convertible into shares
of common stock, preferred stock or other securities (the &ldquo;<B><I>Debt Securities</I></B>&rdquo;) to be issued under an indenture
to be entered into between the Company, as issuer, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (forms of which are included
as Exhibits 4.4 and 4.7 to the Registration Statement) and one or more board resolutions, supplements thereto or officer&rsquo;s
certificates thereunder (such indenture, together with the applicable board resolution, supplement or officer&rsquo;s certificate
pertaining to the applicable series of Debt Securities, the &ldquo;<B><I>Applicable Indenture</I></B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">This opinion
is being furnished in connection with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5)&nbsp;of Regulation S-K under the Act, and no opinion
is expressed herein as to any matter pertaining to the contents of the Registration Statement or related applicable Prospectus,
other than as expressly stated herein with respect to the issue of the Debt Securities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">As such counsel, we
have examined such matters of fact and questions of law as we have considered appropriate for purposes of this letter. With your
consent, we have relied upon certificates and other assurances of officers of the Company and others as to factual matters without
having independently verified such factual matters. We are opining herein as to the internal laws of the State of New York, and
we express no opinion with respect to the applicability thereto, or the effect thereon, of the laws of any other jurisdiction or
as to any matters of municipal law or the laws of any local agencies within any state. Various matters concerning the validity
of the securities and the laws of the State of Maryland are addressed in the opinion of Venable LLP, Maryland counsel for the Company,
which has been separately provided to you. We express no opinion with respect to those matters herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>March&nbsp;12, 2021</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Page&nbsp;2</B></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm217957d3_ex5-2img001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Subject to the foregoing
and the other matters set forth herein, it is our opinion that, as of the date hereof, when the specific terms of a particular
series of Debt Securities have been duly established in accordance with the terms of the Applicable Indenture and authorized by
all necessary corporate action of the Company, and such Debt Securities have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered
against payment therefor in accordance with the Applicable Indenture and in the manner contemplated by the applicable Prospectus
and by such corporate action, such Debt Securities will be the legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable
against the Company in accordance with their terms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Our
opinions are subject to: (i)&nbsp;the effect of bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, preference, fraudulent transfer, moratorium
or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors; (ii)&nbsp;the effect of general principles
of equity, whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law (including the possible unavailability of specific performance
or injunctive relief), concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, and the discretion of the court before
which a proceeding is brought; (iii)&nbsp;the invalidity under certain circumstances under law or court decisions of provisions
providing for the indemnification of or contribution to a party with respect to a liability where such indemnification or contribution
is contrary to public policy; and (iv)&nbsp;we express no opinion as to (a)&nbsp;any provision for liquidated damages, default
interest, late charges, monetary penalties, make-whole premiums or other economic remedies to the extent such provisions are deemed
to constitute a penalty, (b)&nbsp;consents to, or restrictions upon, governing law, jurisdiction, venue, arbitration, remedies,
or judicial relief, (c)&nbsp;waivers of rights or defenses</FONT>, including the waiver set forth in Section&nbsp;4.04 of the Applicable
Indenture, (d)&nbsp;any provision requiring the payment of attorneys&rsquo; fees, where such payment is contrary to law or public
policy, (e)&nbsp;any provision permitting, upon acceleration of any Debt Securities, collection of that portion of the stated principal
amount thereof which might be determined to constitute unearned interest thereon, (f)&nbsp;the creation, validity, attachment,
perfection, or priority of any lien or security interest, (g)&nbsp;advance waivers of claims, defenses, rights granted by law,
or notice, opportunity for hearing, evidentiary requirements, statutes of limitation, trial by jury or at law, or other procedural
rights, (h)&nbsp;waivers of broadly or vaguely stated rights, (i)&nbsp;provisions for exclusivity, election or cumulation of rights
or remedies, (j)&nbsp;provisions authorizing or validating conclusive or discretionary determinations, (k)&nbsp;grants of setoff
rights, (l)&nbsp;proxies, powers and trusts, (m)&nbsp;provisions prohibiting, restricting, or requiring consent to assignment or
transfer of any right or property, (n)&nbsp;any provision to the extent it requires that a claim with respect to a security denominated
in other than U.S. dollars (or a judgment in respect of such a claim) be converted into U.S. dollars at a rate of exchange at a
particular date, to the extent applicable law otherwise provides, and (o)&nbsp;the severability, if invalid, of provisions to the
foregoing effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <TD STYLE="width: 100%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>March&nbsp;12, 2021</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Page&nbsp;3</B></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="tm217957d3_ex5-2img001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">With your consent,
we have assumed (a)&nbsp;that each of the Debt Securities and the Applicable Indenture (collectively, the &ldquo;<B><I>Documents</I></B>&rdquo;)
will be governed by the internal laws of the State of New York, (b)&nbsp;that each of the Documents has been or will be duly authorized,
executed and delivered by the parties thereto, (c)&nbsp;that each of the Documents constitutes or will constitute legally valid
and binding obligations of the parties thereto other than the Company, enforceable against each of them in accordance with their
respective terms, and (d)&nbsp;that the status of each of the Documents as legally valid and binding obligations of the parties
will not be affected by any (i)&nbsp;breaches of, or defaults under, agreements or instruments, (ii)&nbsp;violations of statutes,
rules, regulations or court or governmental orders, or (iii)&nbsp;failures to obtain required consents, approvals or authorizations
from, or to make required registrations, declarations or filings with, governmental authorities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">This
opinion is for your benefit in connection with the Registration Statement and may be relied upon by you and by persons entitled
to rely upon it pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Act. We consent to your filing this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration
Statement and to the reference to our firm contained in the Prospectus under the heading </FONT>&ldquo;Validity of the Securities.&rdquo;
In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section&nbsp;7
of the Act or the rules&nbsp;and regulations of the Commission thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Very truly yours,</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/ Latham&nbsp;&amp; Watkins LLP</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-23.1
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>tm217957d3_ex23-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 23.1
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 23.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC
ACCOUNTING FIRM</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We have issued our reports dated
February 26, 2021 with respect to the consolidated financial statements and internal control over financial reporting of
Redwood Trust, Inc. included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, which are incorporated
by reference in this Registration Statement. We consent to the incorporation by reference of the aforementioned reports in
this Registration Statement, and to the use of our name as it appears under the caption &ldquo;Experts.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Newport Beach, California</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">March 12, 2021</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-25.2
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>tm217957d3_ex25-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 25.2
<TEXT>
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<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 25.2</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>UNITED STATES</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Washington, D.C. 20549</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>FORM&nbsp;T-1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt"><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></B></FONT>
Check if an Application to Determine Eligibility of a Trustee Pursuant to Section&nbsp;305(b)(2)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Exact name of trustee as specified in its
charter)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>16-1486454</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(I.R.S. employer identification no.)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>1100 North Market Street</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Wilmington, DE 19890-0001</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Address of principal executive offices)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Shaune Sullivan</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Vice President</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>1100 North Market Street</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Wilmington, Delaware 19890-0001</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(302) 636-6522</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Name, address and telephone number of agent
for service)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Redwood Trust,&nbsp;Inc.</B>&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Exact name of obligor as specified
in its charter)&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 54%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Maryland</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>68-0329422</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>One Belvedere Place, Suite&nbsp;300</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Mill Valley, CA 94941</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Address of principal executive offices,
including zip code)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Debt Securities</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Title of the indenture securities)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.75in; text-align: left"><B>ITEM 1.</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>GENERAL INFORMATION.</B></TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">Furnish the following information as to the trustee:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 48pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 30pt">(a)</TD><TD>Name and address of each examining or supervising authority to which it is subject.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 78pt">Comptroller of Currency, Washington, D.C.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 78pt">Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Washington, D.C.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 48pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 30pt">(b)</TD><TD>Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt auto; text-indent: 78pt">The trustee is authorized to
exercise corporate trust powers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"><B>ITEM 2.</B></TD><TD><B>AFFILIATIONS WITH THE OBLIGOR.</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If the obligor is an affiliate of the trustee,
describe each affiliation:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-indent: -0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in">Based upon an examination of the books and records
of the trustee and information available to the trustee, the obligor is not an affiliate of the trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>ITEM
3 &ndash; 15. </B></FONT>Not applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"><B>ITEM 16.</B></TD><TD><B>LIST OF EXHIBITS.</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.25in; text-indent: -0.75in">Listed below are all exhibits
filed as part of this Statement of Eligibility and Qualification.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">1.</TD><TD>A copy of the Charter for Wilmington Trust, National Association.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">2.</TD><TD>The authority of Wilmington Trust, National Association to commence business was granted under the Charter for Wilmington Trust,
National Association, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit&nbsp;1 above.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">3.</TD><TD>The authorization to exercise corporate trust powers was granted under the Charter for Wilmington Trust, National Association,
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit&nbsp;1 above.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">4.</TD><TD>A copy of the existing By-Laws of Trustee, as now in effect, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit&nbsp;4of this Form&nbsp;T-1.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">5.</TD><TD>Not applicable.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">6.</TD><TD>The consent of Wilmington Trust, National Association as required by Section&nbsp;321(b)&nbsp;of the Trust Indenture Act of
1939, attached hereto as Exhibit&nbsp;6 of this Form&nbsp;T-1.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">7.</TD><TD>Current Report of the Condition of Wilmington Trust, National Association, published pursuant to law or the requirements of
its supervising or examining authority, attached hereto as Exhibit&nbsp;7 of this Form&nbsp;T-1.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">8.</TD><TD>Not applicable.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">9.</TD><TD>Not applicable.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SIGNATURE</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939,
as amended, the trustee, Wilmington Trust, National Association, a national banking association organized and existing under the
laws of the United States of America, has duly caused this Statement of Eligibility to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized, all in the City of Wilmington and State of Delaware on the 12<SUP>th</SUP> day of March, 2021.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><B>WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 45%">/s/ Michael H. Wass</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Name:</TD>
    <TD>Michael H. Wass</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Title:</TD>
    <TD>Vice President</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>EXHIBIT&nbsp;1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CHARTER OF WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>OF</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">For the purpose of organizing an association
to perform any lawful activities of national banks, the undersigned do enter into the following articles of association:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">FIRST.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The
title of this association shall be Wilmington Trust, National Association.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">SECOND.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The main office of
the association shall be in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, State of Delaware. The general business of the association
shall be conducted at its main office and its branches.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">THIRD.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The board of directors
of this association shall consist of not less than five nor more than twenty-five persons, unless the OCC has exempted the bank
from the 25-member limit. The exact number is to be fixed and determined from time to time by resolution of a majority of the full
board of directors or by resolution of a majority of the shareholders at any annual or special meeting thereof. Each director shall
own common or preferred stock of the association or of a holding company owning the association, with an aggregate par, fair market
or equity value $1,000. Determination of these values may be based as of either (i)&nbsp;the date of purchase or (ii)&nbsp;the
date the person became a director, whichever value is greater. Any combination of common or preferred stock of the association
or holding company may be used.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Any vacancy in the board of directors may
be filled by action of a majority of the remaining directors between meetings of shareholders. The board of directors may not increase
the number of directors between meetings of shareholders to a number which:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">1)</TD><TD>exceeds by more than two the number of directors last elected by shareholders where the number was 15 or less; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">2)</TD><TD>exceeds by more than four the number of directors last elected by shareholders where the number was 16 or more, but in no event
shall the number of directors exceed 25, unless the OCC has exempted the bank from the 25-member limit.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Directors shall be elected for terms of
one year and until their successors are elected and qualified. Terms of directors, including directors selected to fill vacancies,
shall expire at the next regular meeting of shareholders at which directors are elected, unless the directors resign or are removed
from office. Despite the expiration of a director's term, the director shall continue to serve until his or her successor is elected
and qualifies or until there is a decrease in the number of directors and his or her position is eliminated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Honorary or advisory members of the board
of directors, without voting power or power of final decision in matters concerning the business of the association, may be appointed
by resolution of a majority of the full board of directors, or by resolution of shareholders at any annual or special meeting.
Honorary or advisory directors shall not be counted to determine the number of directors of the association or the presence of
a quorum in connection with any board action, and shall not be required to own qualifying shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">FOURTH.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;There shall be an annual
meeting of the shareholders to elect directors and transact whatever other business may be brought before the meeting. It shall
be held at the main office or any other convenient place the board of directors may designate, on the day of each year specified
therefor in the bylaws, or, if that day falls on a legal holiday in the state in which the association is located, on the next
following banking day. If no election is held on the day fixed, or in the event of a legal holiday on the following banking day,
an election may be held on any subsequent day within 60 days of the day fixed, to be designated by the board of directors, or,
if the directors fail to fix the day, by shareholders representing two-thirds of the shares issued and outstanding. In all cases
at least 10 days advance notice of the time, place and purpose of a shareholders&rsquo; meeting shall be given to the shareholders
by first class mail, unless the OCC determines that an emergency circumstance exists. The sole shareholder of the bank is permitted
to waive notice of the shareholders&rsquo; meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In all elections of directors, the number
of votes each common shareholder may cast will be determined by multiplying the number of shares such shareholder owns by the number
of directors to be elected. Those votes may be cumulated and cast for a single candidate or may be distributed among two or more
candidates in the manner selected by the shareholder. If, after the first ballot, subsequent ballots are necessary to elect directors,
a shareholder may not vote shares that he or she has already fully cumulated and voted in favor of a successful candidate. On all
other questions, each common shareholder shall be entitled to one vote for each share of stock held by him or her.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">Nominations for election to the board of
directors may be made by the board of directors or by any stockholder of any outstanding class of capital stock of the association
entitled to vote for election of directors. Nominations other than those made by or on behalf of the existing management shall
be made in writing and be delivered or mailed to the president of the association not less than 14 days nor more than 50 days prior
to any meeting of shareholders called for the election of directors; provided, however, that if less than 21 days notice of the
meeting is given to shareholders, such nominations shall be mailed or delivered to the president of the association not later than
the close of business on the seventh day following the day on which the notice of meeting was mailed. Such notification shall contain
the following information to the extent known to the notifying shareholder:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">1)</TD><TD>The name and address of each proposed nominee.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">2)</TD><TD>The principal occupation of each proposed nominee.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">3)</TD><TD>The total number of shares of capital stock of the association that will be voted for each proposed nominee.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">4)</TD><TD>The name and residence address of the notifying shareholder.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">5)</TD><TD>The number of shares of capital stock of the association owned by the notifying shareholder.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: 0.25in">Nominations not made in accordance
herewith may, in his/her discretion, be disregarded by the chairperson of the meeting, and the vote tellers may disregard all votes
cast for each such nominee. No bylaw may unreasonably restrict the nomination of directors by shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: 0.25in">A director may resign at any
time by delivering written notice to the board of directors, its chairperson, or to the association, which resignation shall be
effective when the notice is delivered unless the notice specifies a later effective date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: 0.25in">A director may be removed by
shareholders at a meeting called to remove the director, when notice of the meeting stating that the purpose or one of the purposes
is to remove the director is provided, if there is a failure to fulfill one of the affirmative requirements for qualification,
or for cause; provided, however, that a director may not be removed if the number of votes sufficient to elect the director under
cumulative voting is voted against the director's removal.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">FIFTH.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The
authorized amount of capital stock of this association shall be ten thousand shares of common stock of the par value of one hundred
dollars ($100) each; but said capital stock may be increased or decreased from time to time, according to the provisions of the
laws of the United States.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">No holder of shares of the capital stock
of any class of the association shall have any preemptive or preferential right of subscription to any shares of any class of stock
of the association, whether now or hereafter authorized, or to any obligations convertible into stock of the association, issued,
or sold, nor any right of subscription to any thereof other than such, if any, as the board of directors, in its discretion, may
from time to time determine and at such price as the board of directors may from time to time fix. Preemptive rights also must
be approved by a vote of holders of two-thirds of the bank&rsquo;s outstanding voting shares. Unless otherwise specified in these
articles of association or required by law, (1)&nbsp;all matters requiring shareholder action, including amendments to the articles
of association, must be approved by shareholders owning a majority voting interest in the outstanding voting stock, and (2)&nbsp;each
shareholder shall be entitled to one vote per share.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise specified in these articles
of association or required by law, all shares of voting stock shall be voted together as a class, on any matters requiring shareholder
approval. If a proposed amendment would affect two or more classes or series in the same or a substantially similar way, all the
classes or series so affected must vote together as a single voting group on the proposed amendment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Shares of one class or series may be issued
as a dividend for shares of the same class or series on a pro rata basis and without consideration. Shares of one class or series
may be issued as share dividends for a different class or series of stock if approved by a majority of the votes entitled to be
cast by the class or series to be issued, unless there are no outstanding shares of the class or series to be issued. Unless otherwise
provided by the board of directors, the record date for determining shareholders entitled to a share dividend shall be the date
authorized by the board of directors for the share dividend.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise provided in the bylaws,
the record date for determining shareholders entitled to notice of and to vote at any meeting is the close of business on the day
before the first notice is mailed or otherwise sent to the shareholders, provided that in no event may a record date be more than
70 days before the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If a shareholder is entitled to fractional
shares pursuant to a stock dividend, consolidation or merger, reverse stock split or otherwise, the association may: (a)&nbsp;issue
fractional shares; (b)&nbsp;in lieu of the issuance of fractional shares, issue script or warrants entitling the holder to receive
a full share upon surrendering enough script or warrants to equal a full share; (c)&nbsp;if there is an established and active
market in the association's stock, make reasonable arrangements to provide the shareholder with an opportunity to realize a fair
price through sale of the fraction, or purchase of the additional fraction required for a full share; (d)&nbsp;remit the cash equivalent
of the fraction to the shareholder; or (e)&nbsp;sell full shares representing all the fractions at public auction or to the highest
bidder after having solicited and received sealed bids from at least three licensed stock brokers; and distribute the proceeds
pro rata to shareholders who otherwise would be entitled to the fractional shares. The holder of a fractional share is entitled
to exercise the rights for shareholder, including the right to vote, to receive dividends, and to participate in the assets of
the association upon liquidation, in proportion to the fractional interest. The holder of script or warrants is not entitled to
any of these rights unless the script or warrants explicitly provide for such rights. The script or warrants may be subject to
such additional conditions as: (1)&nbsp;that the script or warrants will become void if not exchanged for full shares before a
specified date; and (2)&nbsp;that the shares for which the script or warrants are exchangeable may be sold at the option of the
association and the proceeds paid to scriptholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The association, at any time and from time
to time, may authorize and issue debt obligations, whether or not subordinated, without the approval of the shareholders. Obligations
classified as debt, whether or not subordinated, which may be issued by the association without the approval of shareholders, do
not carry voting rights on any issue, including an increase or decrease in the aggregate number of the securities, or the exchange
or reclassification of all or part of securities into securities of another class or series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">SIXTH.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The
board of directors shall appoint one of its members president of this association, and one of its members chairperson of the board
and shall have the power to appoint one or more vice presidents, a secretary who shall keep minutes of the directors' and shareholders'
meetings and be responsible for authenticating the records of the association, and such other officers and employees as may be
required to transact the business of this association.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A duly appointed officer may appoint one
or more officers or assistant officers if authorized by the board of directors in accordance with the bylaws.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The board of directors shall have the power
to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">1)</TD><TD>Define the duties of the officers, employees, and agents of the association.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">2)</TD><TD>Delegate the performance of its duties, but not the responsibility for its duties, to the officers, employees, and agents of
the association.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">3)</TD><TD>Fix the compensation and enter into employment contracts with its officers and employees upon reasonable terms and conditions
consistent with applicable law.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">4)</TD><TD>Dismiss officers and employees.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">5)</TD><TD>Require bonds from officers and employees and to fix the penalty thereof.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">6)</TD><TD>Ratify written policies authorized by the association's management or committees of the board.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">7)</TD><TD>Regulate the manner in which any increase or decrease of the capital of the association shall be made, provided that nothing
herein shall restrict the power of shareholders to increase or decrease the capital of the association in accordance with law,
and nothing shall raise or lower from two-thirds the percentage required for shareholder approval to increase or reduce the capital.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">8)</TD><TD>Manage and administer the business and affairs of the association.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">9)</TD><TD>Adopt initial bylaws, not inconsistent with law or the articles of association, for managing the business and regulating the
affairs of the association.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">10)</TD><TD>Amend or repeal bylaws, except to the extent that the articles of association reserve this power in whole or in part to shareholders.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">11)</TD><TD>Make contracts.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">12)</TD><TD>Generally perform all acts that are legal for a board of directors to perform.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">SEVENTH.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The board of directors
shall have the power to change the location of the main office to any other place within the limits of Wilmington, Delaware, without
the approval of the shareholders, or with a vote of shareholders owning two-thirds of the stock of such association for a relocation
outside such limits and upon receipt of a certificate of approval from the Comptroller of the Currency, to any other location within
or outside the limits of Wilmington Delaware, but not more than 30 miles beyond such limits. The board of directors shall have
the power to establish or change the location of any branch or branches of the association to any other location permitted under
applicable law, without approval of shareholders, subject to approval by the Comptroller of the Currency.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">EIGHTH.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The corporate existence
of this association shall continue until termination according to the laws of the United States.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">NINTH.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The board of directors
of this association, or any one or more shareholders owning, in the aggregate, not less than 50 percent of the stock of this association,
may call a special meeting of shareholders at any time. Unless otherwise provided by the bylaws or the laws of the United States,
a notice of the time, place, and purpose of every annual and special meeting of the shareholders shall be given at least 10 days
prior to the meeting by first-class mail, unless the OCC determines that an emergency circumstance exists. If the association is
a wholly-owned subsidiary, the sole shareholder may waive notice of the shareholders&rsquo; meeting. Unless otherwise provided
by the bylaws or these articles, any action requiring approval of shareholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special
meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">TENTH.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;For purposes of this
Article&nbsp;Tenth, the term &ldquo;institution-affiliated party&rdquo; shall mean any institution-affiliated party of the association
as such term is defined in 12 U.S.C. 1813(u).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Any institution-affiliated party (or his
or her heirs, executors or administrators) may be indemnified or reimbursed by the association for reasonable expenses actually
incurred in connection with any threatened, pending or completed actions or proceedings and appeals therein, whether civil, criminal,
governmental, administrative or investigative, in accordance with and to the fullest extent permitted by law, as such law now or
hereafter exists; provided, however, that when an administrative proceeding or action instituted by a federal banking agency results
in a final order or settlement pursuant to which such person: (i)&nbsp;is assessed a civil money penalty, (ii)&nbsp;is removed
from office or prohibited from participating in the conduct of the affairs of the association, or (iii)&nbsp;is required to cease
and desist from or to take any affirmative action described in 12 U.S.C. 1818(b)&nbsp;with respect to the association, then the
association shall require the repayment of all legal fees and expenses advanced pursuant to the next succeeding paragraph and may
not indemnify such institution-affiliated parties (or their heirs, executors or administrators) for expenses, including expenses
for legal fees, penalties or other payments incurred. The association shall provide indemnification in connection with an action
or proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by an institution-affiliated party (or by his or her heirs, executors or administrators)
only if such action or proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Expenses incurred by an institution-affiliated
party (or by his or her heirs, executors or administrators) in connection with any action or proceeding under 12 U.S.C. 164 or
1818 may be paid by the association in advance of the final disposition of such action or proceeding upon (a)&nbsp;a determination
by the board of directors acting by a quorum consisting of directors who are not parties to such action or proceeding that the
institution-affiliated party (or his or her heirs, executors or administrators) has a reasonable basis for prevailing on the merits,
(b)&nbsp;a determination that the indemnified individual (or his or her heirs, executors or administrators) will have the financial
capacity to reimburse the bank in the event he or she does not prevail, (c)&nbsp;a determination that the payment of expenses and
fees by the association will not adversely affect the safety and soundness of the association, and (d)&nbsp;receipt of an undertaking
by or on behalf of such institution-affiliated party (or by his or her heirs, executors or administrators) to repay such advancement
in the event of a final order or settlement pursuant to which such person: (i)&nbsp;is assessed a civil money penalty, (ii)&nbsp;is
removed from office or prohibited from participating in the conduct of the affairs of the association, or (iii)&nbsp;is required
to cease and desist from or to take any affirmative action described in 12 U.S.C. 1818(b)&nbsp;with respect to the association.
In all other instances, expenses incurred by an institution-affiliated party (or by his or her heirs, executors or administrators)
in connection with any action or proceeding as to which indemnification may be given under these articles of association may be
paid by the association in advance of the final disposition of such action or proceeding upon (a)&nbsp;receipt of an undertaking
by or on behalf of such institution-affiliated party (or by or on behalf of his or her heirs, executors or administrators) to repay
such advancement in the event that such institution-affiliated party (or his or her heirs, executors or administrators) is ultimately
found not to be entitled to indemnification as authorized by these articles of association and (b)&nbsp;approval by the board of
directors acting by a quorum consisting of directors who are not parties to such action or proceeding or, if such a quorum is not
obtainable, then approval by stockholders. To the extent permitted by law, the board of directors or, if applicable, the stockholders,
shall not be required to find that the institution-affiliated party has met the applicable standard of conduct provided by law
for indemnification in connection with such action or proceeding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In the event that a majority of the members
of the board of directors are named as respondents in an administrative proceeding or civil action and request indemnification,
the remaining members of the board may authorize independent legal counsel to review the indemnification request and provide the
remaining members of the board with a written opinion of counsel as to whether the conditions delineated in the first four paragraphs
of this Article&nbsp;Tenth have been met. If independent legal counsel opines that said conditions have been met, the remaining
members of the board of directors may rely on such opinion in authorizing the requested indemnification.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In the event that all of the members of
the board of directors are named as respondents in an administrative proceeding or civil action and request indemnification, the
board shall authorize independent legal counsel to review the indemnification request and provide the board with a written opinion
of counsel as to whether the conditions delineated in the first four paragraphs of this Article&nbsp;Tenth have been met. If legal
counsel opines that said conditions have been met, the board of directors may rely on such opinion in authorizing the requested
indemnification.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">To the extent permitted under applicable
law, the rights of indemnification and to the advancement of expenses provided in these articles of association (a)&nbsp;shall
be available with respect to events occurring prior to the adoption of these articles of association, (b)&nbsp;shall continue to
exist after any restrictive amendment of these articles of association with respect to events occurring prior to such amendment,
(c)&nbsp;may be interpreted on the basis of applicable law in effect at the time of the occurrence of the event or events giving
rise to the action or proceeding, or on the basis of applicable law in effect at the time such rights are claimed, and (d)&nbsp;are
in the nature of contract rights which may be enforced in any court of competent jurisdiction as if the association and the institution-affiliated
party (or his or her heirs, executors or administrators) for whom such rights are sought were parties to a separate written agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The rights of indemnification and to the
advancement of expenses provided in these articles of association shall not, to the extent permitted under applicable law, be deemed
exclusive of any other rights to which any such institution affiliated party (or his or her heirs, executors or administrators)
may now or hereafter be otherwise entitled whether contained in these articles of association, the bylaws, a resolution of stockholders,
a resolution of the board of directors, or an agreement providing such indemnification, the creation of such other rights being
hereby expressly authorized. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the rights of indemnification and to the advancement
of expenses provided in these articles of association shall not be deemed exclusive of any rights, pursuant to statute or otherwise,
of any such institution-affiliated party (or of his or her heirs, executors or administrators) in any such action or proceeding
to have assessed or allowed in his or her favor, against the association or otherwise, his or her costs and expenses incurred therein
or in connection therewith or any part thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If this Article&nbsp;Tenth or any part hereof
shall be held unenforceable in any respect by a court of competent jurisdiction, it shall be deemed modified to the minimum extent
necessary to make it enforceable, and the remainder of this Article&nbsp;Tenth shall remain fully enforceable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The association may, upon affirmative vote
of a majority of its board of directors, purchase insurance to indemnify its institution-affiliated parties to the extent that
such indemnification is allowed in these articles of association; provided, however, that no such insurance shall include coverage
to pay or reimburse any institution-affiliated party for the cost of any judgment or civil money penalty assessed against such
person in an administrative proceeding or civil action commenced by any federal banking agency. Such insurance may, but need not,
be for the benefit of all institution-affiliated parties.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">ELEVENTH.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;These articles of
association may be amended at any regular or special meeting of the shareholders by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority
of the stock of this association, unless the vote of the holders of a greater amount of stock is required by law, and in that case
by the vote of the holders of such greater amount. The association's board of directors may propose one or more amendments to the
articles of association for submission to the shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>EXHIBIT 4</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>BY-LAWS OF WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>OF</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(Effective as of April&nbsp;17, 2018)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE I</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Meetings of Shareholders</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;1.
Annual Meeting</B></FONT>. The annual meeting of the shareholders to elect directors and transact whatever other business may properly
come before the meeting shall be held at the main office of the association, Rodney Square North, 1100 Market Street, City of Wilmington,
State of Delaware, at 1:00 o'clock p.m.&nbsp;on the first Tuesday in March&nbsp;of each year, or at such other place and time as
the board of directors may designate, or if that date falls on a legal holiday in Delaware, on the next following banking day.
Notice of the meeting shall be mailed by first class mail, postage prepaid, at least 10 days and no more than 60 days prior to
the date thereof, addressed to each shareholder at his/her address appearing on the books of the association. If, for any cause,
an election of directors is not made on that date, or in the event of a legal holiday, on the next following banking day, an election
may be held on any subsequent day within 60 days of the date fixed, to be designated by the board of directors, or, if the directors
fail to fix the date, by shareholders representing two-thirds of the shares. In these circumstances, at least 10 days&rsquo; notice
must be given by first class mail to shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;2.
Special Meetings</B></FONT>. Except as otherwise specifically provided by statute, special meetings of the shareholders may be
called for any purpose at any time by the board of directors or by any one or more shareholders owning, in the aggregate, not less
than fifty percent of the stock of the association. Every such special meeting, unless otherwise provided by law, shall be called
by mailing, postage prepaid, not less than 10 days nor more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for the meeting, to each shareholder
at the address appearing on the books of the association a notice stating the purpose of the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The board of directors may fix a record
date for determining shareholders entitled to notice and to vote at any meeting, in reasonable proximity to the date of giving
notice to the shareholders of such meeting. The record date for determining shareholders entitled to demand a special meeting is
the date the first shareholder signs a demand for the meeting describing the purpose or purposes for which it is to be held.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">A special meeting may
be called by shareholders or the board of directors to amend the articles of association or bylaws, whether or not such bylaws
may be amended by the board of directors in the absence of shareholder approval.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If an annual or special shareholders' meeting
is adjourned to a different date, time, or place, notice need not be given of the new date, time or place, if the new date, time
or place is announced at the meeting before adjournment, unless any additional items of business are to be considered, or the association
becomes aware of an intervening event materially affecting any matter to be voted on more than 10 days prior to the date to which
the meeting is adjourned. If a new record date for the adjourned meeting is fixed, however, notice of the adjourned meeting must
be given to persons who are shareholders as of the new record date. If, however, the meeting to elect the directors is adjourned
before the election takes place, at least ten days&rsquo; notice of the new election must be given to the shareholders by first-class
mail.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;3.
Nominations of Directors</B></FONT>. Nominations for election to the board of directors may be made by the board of directors or
by any stockholder of any outstanding class of capital stock of the association entitled to vote for the election of directors.
Nominations, other than those made by or on behalf of the existing management of the association, shall be made in writing and
shall be delivered or mailed to the president of the association and the Comptroller of the Currency, Washington, D.C., not less
than 14 days nor more than 50 days prior to any meeting of shareholders called for the election of directors; <I>provided, however,
</I>that if less than 21 days' notice of the meeting is given to shareholders, such nomination shall be mailed or delivered to
the president of the association not later than the close of business on the seventh day following the day on which the notice
of meeting was mailed. Such notification shall contain the following information to the extent known to the notifying shareholder:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD>The name and address of each proposed nominee;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD>The principal occupation of each proposed nominee;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD><TD>The total number of shares of capital stock of the association that will be voted for each proposed nominee;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD><TD>The name and residence of the notifying shareholder; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD><TD>The number of shares of capital stock of the association owned by the notifying shareholder.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Nominations not made in accordance herewith
may, in his/her discretion, be disregarded by the chairperson of the meeting, and upon his/her instructions, the vote tellers may
disregard all votes cast for each such nominee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;4.
Proxies</B></FONT>. Shareholders may vote at any meeting of the shareholders by proxies duly authorized in writing, but no officer
or employee of this association shall act as proxy. Proxies shall be valid only for one meeting, to be specified therein, and any
adjournments of such meeting. Proxies shall be dated and filed with the records of the meeting. Proxies with facsimile signatures
may be used and unexecuted proxies may be counted upon receipt of a written confirmation from the shareholder. Proxies meeting
the above requirements submitted at any time during a meeting shall be accepted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;5.
Quorum</B></FONT>. A majority of the outstanding capital stock, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at
any meeting of shareholders, unless otherwise provided by law, or by the shareholders or directors pursuant to Article&nbsp;IX,
Section&nbsp;2, but less than a quorum may adjourn any meeting, from time to time, and the meeting may be held, as adjourned, without
further notice. A majority of the votes cast shall decide every question or matter submitted to the shareholders at any meeting,
unless otherwise provided by law or by the articles of association, or by the shareholders or directors pursuant to Article&nbsp;IX,
Section&nbsp;2. If a meeting for the election of directors is not held on the fixed date, at least 10 days&rsquo; notice must be
given by first-class mail to the shareholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE II</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Directors</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;1.
Board of Directors</B></FONT>. The board of directors shall have the power to manage and administer the business and affairs of
the association. Except as expressly limited by law, all corporate powers of the association shall be vested in and may be exercised
by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;2.
Number</B></FONT>. The board of directors shall consist of not less than five nor more than twenty-five members, unless the OCC
has exempted the bank from the 25-member limit. The exact number within such minimum and maximum limits is to be fixed and determined
from time to time by resolution of a majority of the full board of directors or by resolution of a majority of the shareholders
at any meeting thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;3.
Organization Meeting</B></FONT>. The secretary or treasurer, upon receiving the certificate of the judges of the result of any
election, shall notify the directors-elect of their election and of the time at which they are required to meet at the main office
of the association, or at such other place in the cities of Wilmington, Delaware or Buffalo, New York, to organize the new board
of directors and elect and appoint officers of the association for the succeeding year. Such meeting shall be held on the day of
the election or as soon thereafter as practicable, and, in any event, within 30 days thereof. If, at the time fixed for such meeting,
there shall not be a quorum, the directors present may adjourn the meeting, from time to time, until a quorum is obtained.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;4.
Regular Meetings</B></FONT>. The Board of Directors may, at any time and from time to time, by resolution designate the place,
date and hour for the holding of a regular meeting, but in the absence of any such designation, regular meetings of the board of
directors shall be held, without notice, on the first Tuesday of each March, June&nbsp;and September, and on the second Tuesday
of each December&nbsp;at the main office or other such place as the board of directors may designate. When any regular meeting
of the board of directors falls upon a holiday, the meeting shall be held on the next banking business day unless the board of
directors shall designate another day.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;5.
Special Meetings</B></FONT>. Special meetings of the board of directors may be called by the Chairman of the Board of the association,
or at the request of two or more directors. Each member of the board of directors shall be given notice by telegram, first class
mail, or in person stating the time and place of each special meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;6.
Quorum</B></FONT>. A majority of the entire board then in office shall constitute a quorum at any meeting, except when otherwise
provided by law or these bylaws, but a lesser number may adjourn any meeting, from time to time, and the meeting may be held, as
adjourned, without further notice. If the number of directors present at the meeting is reduced below the number that would constitute
a quorum, no business may be transacted, except selecting directors to fill vacancies in conformance with Article&nbsp;II, Section&nbsp;7.
If a quorum is present, the board of directors may take action through the vote of a majority of the directors who are in attendance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;7.
Meetings by Conference Telephone. </B></FONT>Any one or more members of the board of directors or any committee thereof may participate
in a meeting of such board or committees by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment allowing all persons
participating in the meeting to hear each other at the same time. Participation in a meeting by such means shall constitute presence
in person at such meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;8.
Procedures</B></FONT>. The order of business and all other matters of procedure at every meeting of the board of directors may
be determined by the person presiding at the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;9.
Removal of Directors</B></FONT>. Any director may be removed for cause, at any meeting of stockholders notice of which shall have
referred to the proposed action, by vote of the stockholders. Any director may be removed without cause, at any meeting of stockholders
notice of which shall have referred to the proposed action, by the vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of the Corporation
entitled to vote. Any director may be removed for cause, at any meeting of the directors notice of which shall have referred to
the proposed action, by vote of a majority of the entire Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;10.
Vacancies</B></FONT>. When any vacancy occurs among the directors, a majority of the remaining members of the board of directors,
according to the laws of the United States, may appoint a director to fill such vacancy at any regular meeting of the board of
directors, or at a special meeting called for that purpose at which a quorum is present, or if the directors remaining in office
constitute fewer than a quorum of the board of directors, by the affirmative vote of a majority of all the directors remaining
in office, or by shareholders at a special meeting called for that purpose in conformance with Section&nbsp;2 of Article&nbsp;I.
At any such shareholder meeting, each shareholder entitled to vote shall have the right to multiply the number of votes he or she
is entitled to cast by the number of vacancies being filled and cast the product for a single candidate or distribute the product
among two or more candidates. A vacancy that will occur at a specific later date (by reason of a resignation effective at a later
date) may be filled before the vacancy occurs but the new director may not take office until the vacancy occurs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;III</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Committees of the Board</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The board of directors has power over and
is solely responsible for the management, supervision, and administration of the association. The board of directors may delegate
its power, but none of its responsibilities, to such persons or committees as the board may determine.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The board of directors must formally ratify
written policies authorized by committees of the board of directors before such policies become effective. Each committee must
have one or more member(s), and who may be an officer of the association or an officer or director of any affiliate of the association,
who serve at the pleasure of the board of directors. Provisions of the articles of association and these bylaws governing place
of meetings, notice of meeting, quorum and voting requirements of the board of directors, apply to committees and their members
as well. The creation of a committee and appointment of members to it must be approved by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;1.
Loan Committee</B></FONT>. There shall be a loan committee composed of not less than 2 directors, appointed by the board of directors
annually or more often. The loan committee, on behalf of the bank, shall have power to discount and purchase bills, notes and other
evidences of debt, to buy and sell bills of exchange, to examine and approve loans and discounts, to exercise authority regarding
loans and discounts, and to exercise, when the board of directors is not in session, all other powers of the board of directors
that may lawfully be delegated. The loan committee shall keep minutes of its meetings, and such minutes shall be submitted at the
next regular meeting of the board of directors at which a quorum is present, and any action taken by the board of directors with
respect thereto shall be entered in the minutes of the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;2.
Investment Committee</B></FONT>. There shall be an investment committee composed of not less than 2 directors, appointed by the
board of directors annually or more often. The investment committee, on behalf of the bank, shall have the power to ensure adherence
to the investment policy, to recommend amendments thereto, to purchase and sell securities, to exercise authority regarding investments
and to exercise, when the board of directors is not in session, all other powers of the board of directors regarding investment
securities that may be lawfully delegated. The investment committee shall keep minutes of its meetings, and such minutes shall
be submitted at the next regular meeting of the board of directors at which a quorum is present, and any action taken by the board
of directors with respect thereto shall be entered in the minutes of the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;3.
Examining Committee</B></FONT>. There shall be an examining committee composed of not less than 2 directors, exclusive of any active
officers, appointed by the board of directors annually or more often. The duty of that committee shall be to examine at least once
during each calendar year and within 15 months of the last examination the affairs of the association or cause suitable examinations
to be made by auditors responsible only to the board of directors and to report the result of such examination in writing to the
board of directors at the next regular meeting thereafter. Such report shall state whether the association is in a sound condition,
and whether adequate internal controls and procedures are being maintained and shall recommend to the board of directors such changes
in the manner of conducting the affairs of the association as shall be deemed advisable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Notwithstanding the provisions of the first
paragraph of this section 3, the responsibility and authority of the Examining Committee may, if authorized by law, be given over
to a duly constituted audit committee of the association's parent corporation by a resolution duly adopted by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;4.
Trust Audit Committee. </B></FONT>There shall be a trust audit committee in conformance with Section&nbsp;1 of Article&nbsp;V.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;5.
Other Committees</B></FONT>. The board of directors may appoint, from time to time, from its own members, compensation, special
litigation and other committees of one or more persons, for such purposes and with such powers as the board of directors may determine.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">However, a committee may not:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD>Authorize distributions of assets or dividends;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD>Approve action required to be approved by shareholders;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD><TD>Fill vacancies on the board of directors or any of its committees;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD><TD>Amend articles of association;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6)</FONT></TD><TD>Adopt, amend or repeal bylaws; or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left">(6)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Authorize or approve issuance or sale or contract for
sale of shares, or determine the designation and relative rights, preferences and limitations of a class or series of shares.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;6.
Committee Members' Fees</B></FONT>. Committee members may receive a fee for their services as committee members and traveling and
other out-of-pocket expenses incurred in attending any meeting of a committee of which they are a member. The fee may be a fixed
sum to be paid for attending each meeting or a fixed sum to be paid quarterly, or semiannually, irrespective of the number of meetings
attended or not attended. The amount of the fee and the basis on which it shall be paid shall be determined by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE IV</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Officers and Employees</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;1.
Officers. </B></FONT>The board of directors shall annually, at the Annual Reorganization Meeting of the board of directors following
the annual meeting of the shareholders, appoint or elect a Chairperson of the Board, a Chief Executive Officer and a President,
and one or more Vice Presidents, a Corporate Secretary, a Treasurer, a General Auditor, and such other officers as it may determine.
At the Annual Reorganization Meeting, the board of directors shall also elect or reelect all of the officers of the association
to hold office until the next Annual Reorganization Meeting. In the interim between Annual Reorganization Meetings, the board of
directors may also elect or appoint a Chief Executive Officer, a President or such additional officers to the rank of Vice President,
including (without limitation as to title or number) one or more Administrative Vice Presidents, Group Vice Presidents, Senior
Vice Presidents and Executive Vice Presidents, and any other officer positions as they deem necessary and appropriate. The Chief
Executive Officer of M&amp;T Bank, the head of the Human Resources Department of M&amp;T Bank, and any one executive Vice Chairman
of M&amp;T Bank, acting jointly, may appoint one or more officers to the rank of Executive Vice President or Senior Vice President.
The head of the Human Resources Department of M&amp;T Bank or his or her designee or designees, may appoint other officers up to
the rank of Group Vice President, including (without limitation as to title or number) one or more Administrative Vice Presidents,
Vice Presidents, Assistant Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries, Assistant Treasurers and Assistant Auditors, and any other officer
positions as they deem necessary and appropriate. Each such person elected or appointed by the board of directors, the Chief Executive
Officer of M&amp;T Bank, the head of the Human Resources Department of M&amp;T Bank, and an executive Vice Chairman of M&amp;T
Bank, acting jointly, or the head of the Human Resources Department of M&amp;T Bank or his or her designee or designees, in between
Annual Reorganization Meetings shall hold office until the next Annual Reorganization Meeting unless otherwise determined by the
board of directors or such authorized officers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;2.
Chairperson of the Board</B></FONT>. The board of directors shall appoint one of its members to be the chairperson of the board
to serve at its pleasure. Such person shall preside at all meetings of the board of directors. The chairperson of the board shall
supervise the carrying out of the policies adopted or approved by the board of directors; shall have general executive powers,
as well as the specific powers conferred by these bylaws; and shall also have and may exercise such further powers and duties as
from time to time may be conferred upon or assigned by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;3.
President</B></FONT>. The board of directors shall appoint one of its members to be the president of the association. In the absence
of the chairperson, the president shall preside at any meeting of the board of directors. The president shall have general executive
powers and shall have and may exercise any and all other powers and duties pertaining by law, regulation, or practice to the office
of president, or imposed by these bylaws. The president shall also have and may exercise such further powers and duties as from
time to time may be conferred or assigned by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;4.
Vice President</B></FONT>. The board of directors may appoint one or more vice presidents. Each vice president shall have such
powers and duties as may be assigned by the board of directors. One vice president shall be designated by the board of directors,
in the absence of the president, to perform all the duties of the president.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;5.
Secretary</B></FONT>. The board of directors shall appoint a secretary, treasurer, or other designated officer who shall be secretary
of the board of directors and of the association and who shall keep accurate minutes of all meetings. The secretary shall attend
to the giving of all notices required by these bylaws; shall be custodian of the corporate seal, records, documents and papers
of the association; shall provide for the keeping of proper records of all transactions of the association; shall have and may
exercise any and all other powers and duties pertaining by law, regulation or practice to the office of treasurer, or imposed by
these bylaws; and shall also perform such other duties as may be assigned from time to time, by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;6.
Other Officers</B></FONT>. The board of directors may appoint one or more assistant vice presidents, one or more trust officers,
one or more assistant secretaries, one or more assistant treasurers, one or more managers and assistant managers of branches and
such other officers and attorneys in fact as from time to time may appear to the board of directors to be required or desirable
to transact the business of the association. Such officers shall respectively exercise such powers and perform such duties as pertain
to their several offices, or as may be conferred upon or assigned to them by the board of directors, the chairperson of the board,
or the president. The board of directors may authorize an officer to appoint one or more officers or assistant officers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;7.
Tenure of Office</B></FONT>. The president and all other officers shall hold office for the current year for which the board of
directors was elected, unless they shall resign, become disqualified, or be removed; and any vacancy occurring in the office of
president shall be filled promptly by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;8.
Resignation</B></FONT>. An officer may resign at any time by delivering notice to the association. A resignation is effective when
the notice is given unless the notice specifies a later effective date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;V</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Fiduciary Activities</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;1.
Trust Audit Committee. </B></FONT>There shall be a Trust Audit Committee composed of not less than 2 directors, appointed by the
board of directors, which shall, at least once during each calendar year make suitable audits of the association&rsquo;s fiduciary
activities or cause suitable audits to be made by auditors responsible only to the board, and at such time shall ascertain whether
fiduciary powers have been administered according to law, Part&nbsp;9 of the Regulations of the Comptroller of the Currency, and
sound fiduciary principles. Such committee: (1)&nbsp;must not include any officers of the bank or an affiliate who participate
significantly in the administration of the bank&rsquo;s fiduciary activities; and (2)&nbsp;must consist of a majority of members
who are not also members of any committee to which the board of directors has delegated power to manage and control the fiduciary
activities of the bank.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Notwithstanding the provisions of the first
paragraph of this section 1, the responsibility and authority of the Trust Audit Committee may, if authorized by law, be given
over to a duly constituted audit committee of the association&rsquo;s parent corporation by a resolution duly adopted by the board
of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;2.
Fiduciary Files. </B></FONT>There shall be maintained by the association all fiduciary records necessary to assure that its fiduciary
responsibilities have been properly undertaken and discharged.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;3.
Trust Investments. </B></FONT>Funds held in a fiduciary capacity shall be invested according to the instrument establishing the
fiduciary relationship and applicable law. Where such instrument does not specify the character and class of investments to be
made, but does vest in the association investment discretion, funds held pursuant to such instrument shall be invested in investments
in which corporate fiduciaries may invest under applicable law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE VI</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Stock and Stock Certificates</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;1.
Transfers</B></FONT>. Shares of stock shall be transferable on the books of the association, and a transfer book shall be kept
in which all transfers of stock shall be recorded. Every person becoming a shareholder by such transfer shall in proportion to
such shareholder's shares, succeed to all rights of the prior holder of such shares. The board of directors may impose conditions
upon the transfer of the stock reasonably calculated to simplify the work of the association with respect to stock transfers, voting
at shareholder meetings and related matters and to protect it against fraudulent transfers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;2.
Stock Certificates</B></FONT>. Certificates of stock shall bear the signature of the president (which may be engraved, printed
or impressed) and shall be signed manually or by facsimile process by the secretary, assistant secretary, treasurer, assistant
treasurer, or any other officer appointed by the board of directors for that purpose, to be known as an authorized officer, and
the seal of the association shall be engraved thereon. Each certificate shall recite on its face that the stock represented thereby
is transferable only upon the books of the association properly endorsed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The board of directors may adopt or use
procedures for replacing lost, stolen, or destroyed stock certificates as permitted by law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The association may establish a procedure
through which the beneficial owner of shares that are registered in the name of a nominee may be recognized by the association
as the shareholder. The procedure may set forth:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD>The types of nominees to which it applies;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD>The rights or privileges that the association recognizes in a beneficial owner;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD><TD>How the nominee may request the association to recognize the beneficial owner as the shareholder;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD><TD>The information that must be provided when the procedure is selected;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD><TD>The period over which the association will continue to recognize the beneficial owner as the shareholder;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6)</FONT></TD><TD>Other aspects of the rights and duties created.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE VII</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Corporate Seal</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;1.
Seal</B></FONT>. The seal of the association shall be in such form as may be determined from time to time by the board of directors.
The president, the treasurer, the secretary or any assistant treasurer or assistant secretary, or other officer thereunto designated
by the board of directors shall have authority to affix the corporate seal to any document requiring such seal and to attest the
same. The seal on any corporate obligation for the payment of money may be facsimile.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE VIII</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Miscellaneous Provisions</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;1.
Fiscal Year</B></FONT>. The fiscal year of the association shall be the calendar year.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;2.
Execution of Instruments</B></FONT>. All agreements, indentures, mortgages, deeds, conveyances, transfers, certificates, declarations,
receipts, discharges, releases, satisfactions, settlements, petitions, schedules, accounts, affidavits, bonds, undertakings, proxies
and other instruments or documents may be signed, executed, acknowledged, verified, delivered or accepted on behalf of the association
by the chairperson of the board, or the president, or any vice president, or the secretary, or the treasurer, or, if in connection
with the exercise of fiduciary powers of the association, by any of those offices or by any trust officer. Any such instruments
may also be executed, acknowledged, verified, delivered or accepted on behalf of the association in such other manner and by such
other officers as the board of directors may from time to time direct. The provisions of this section 2 are supplementary to any
other provision of these bylaws.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;3.
Records</B></FONT>. The articles of association, the bylaws and the proceedings of all meetings of the shareholders, the board
of directors, and standing committees of the board of directors shall be recorded in appropriate minute books provided for that
purpose. The minutes of each meeting shall be signed by the secretary, treasurer or other officer appointed to act as secretary
of the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;4.
Corporate Governance Procedures. </B></FONT>To the extent not inconsistent with federal banking statutes and regulations, or safe
and sound banking practices, the association may follow the Delaware General Corporation Law, Del. Code Ann. tit. 8 (1991, as amended
1994, and as amended thereafter) with respect to matters of corporate governance procedures.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;5.
Indemnification. </B></FONT>For purposes of this Section&nbsp;5 of Article&nbsp;VIII, the term &ldquo;institution-affiliated party&rdquo;
shall mean any institution-affiliated party of the association as such term is defined in 12 U.S.C. 1813(u).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Any institution-affiliated party (or his
or her heirs, executors or administrators) may be indemnified or reimbursed by the association for reasonable expenses actually
incurred in connection with any threatened, pending or completed actions or proceedings and appeals therein, whether civil, criminal,
governmental, administrative or investigative, in accordance with and to the fullest extent permitted by law, as such law now
or hereafter exists; provided, however, that when an administrative proceeding or action instituted by a federal banking agency
results in a final order or settlement pursuant to which such person: (i)&nbsp;is assessed a civil money penalty, (ii)&nbsp;is
removed from office or prohibited from participating in the conduct of the affairs of the association, or (iii)&nbsp;is required
to cease and desist from or to take any affirmative action described in 12 U.S.C. 1818(b)&nbsp;with respect to the association,
then the association shall require the repayment of all legal fees and expenses advanced pursuant to the next succeeding paragraph
and may not indemnify such institution-affiliated parties (or their heirs, executors or administrators) for expenses, including
expenses for legal fees, penalties or other payments incurred. The association shall provide indemnification in connection with
an action or proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by an institution-affiliated party (or by his or her heirs, executors or administrators)
only if such action or proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the board of directors.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Expenses incurred by an institution-affiliated
party (or by his or her heirs, executors or administrators) in connection with any action or proceeding under 12 U.S.C. 164 or
1818 may be paid by the association in advance of the final disposition of such action or proceeding upon (a)&nbsp;a determination
by the board of directors acting by a quorum consisting of directors who are not parties to such action or proceeding that the
institution-affiliated party (or his or her heirs, executors or administrators) has a reasonable basis for prevailing on the merits,
(b)&nbsp;a determination that the indemnified individual (or his or her heirs, executors or administrators) will have the financial
capacity to reimburse the bank in the event he or she does not prevail, (c)&nbsp;a determination that the payment of expenses and
fees by the association will not adversely affect the safety and soundness of the association, and (d)&nbsp;receipt of an undertaking
by or on behalf of such institution-affiliated party (or by his or her heirs, executors or administrators) to repay such advancement
in the event of a final order or settlement pursuant to which such person: (i)&nbsp;is assessed a civil money penalty, (ii)&nbsp;is
removed from office or prohibited from participating in the conduct of the affairs of the association, or (iii)&nbsp;is required
to cease and desist from or to take any affirmative action described in 12 U.S.C. 1818(b)&nbsp;with respect to the association.
In all other instances, expenses incurred by an institution-affiliated party (or by his or her heirs, executors or administrators)
in connection with any action or proceeding as to which indemnification may be given under these articles of association may be
paid by the association in advance of the final disposition of such action or proceeding upon (a)&nbsp;receipt of an undertaking
by or on behalf of such institution-affiliated party (or by or on behalf of his or her heirs, executors or administrators) to repay
such advancement in the event that such institution- affiliated party (or his or her heirs, executors or administrators) is ultimately
found not to be entitled to indemnification as authorized by these bylaws and (b)&nbsp;approval by the board of directors acting
by a quorum consisting of directors who are not parties to such action or proceeding or, if such a quorum is not obtainable, then
approval by stockholders. To the extent permitted by law, the board of directors or, if applicable, the stockholders, shall not
be required to find that the institution-affiliated party has met the applicable standard of conduct provided by law for indemnification
in connection with such action or proceeding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In the event that a majority of the members
of the board of directors are named as respondents in an administrative proceeding or civil action and request indemnification,
the remaining members of the board may authorize independent legal counsel to review the indemnification request and provide the
remaining members of the board with a written opinion of counsel as to whether the conditions delineated in the first four paragraphs
of this Section&nbsp;5 of Article&nbsp;VIII have been met. If independent legal counsel opines that said conditions have been met,
the remaining members of the board of directors may rely on such opinion in authorizing the requested indemnification.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In the event that all of the members of
the board of directors are named as respondents in an administrative proceeding or civil action and request indemnification, the
board shall authorize independent legal counsel to review the indemnification request and provide the board with a written opinion
of counsel as to whether the conditions delineated in the first four paragraphs of this Section&nbsp;5 of Article&nbsp;VIII have
been met. If legal counsel opines that said conditions have been met, the board of directors may rely on such opinion in authorizing
the requested indemnification.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">To the extent permitted under applicable
law, the rights of indemnification and to the advancement of expenses provided in these articles of association (a)&nbsp;shall
be available with respect to events occurring prior to the adoption of these bylaws, (b)&nbsp;shall continue to exist after any
restrictive amendment of these bylaws with respect to events occurring prior to such amendment, (c)&nbsp;may be interpreted on
the basis of applicable law in effect at the time of the occurrence of the event or events giving rise to the action or proceeding,
or on the basis of applicable law in effect at the time such rights are claimed, and (d)&nbsp;are in the nature of contract rights
which may be enforced in any court of competent jurisdiction as if the association and the institution-affiliated party (or his
or her heirs, executors or administrators) for whom such rights are sought were parties to a separate written agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The rights of indemnification and to the
advancement of expenses provided in these bylaws shall not, to the extent permitted under applicable law, be deemed exclusive of
any other rights to which any such institution-affiliated party (or his or her heirs, executors or administrators) may now or hereafter
be otherwise entitled whether contained in the association&rsquo;s articles of association, these bylaws, a resolution of stockholders,
a resolution of the board of directors, or an agreement providing such indemnification, the creation of such other rights being
hereby expressly authorized. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the rights of indemnification and to the advancement
of expenses provided in these bylaws shall not be deemed exclusive of any rights, pursuant to statute or otherwise, of any such
institution-affiliated party (or of his or her heirs, executors or administrators) in any such action or proceeding to have assessed
or allowed in his or her favor, against the association or otherwise, his or her costs and expenses incurred therein or in connection
therewith or any part thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If this Section&nbsp;5 of Article&nbsp;VIII
or any part hereof shall be held unenforceable in any respect by a court of competent jurisdiction, it shall be deemed modified
to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable, and the remainder of this Section&nbsp;5 of Article&nbsp;VIII shall remain
fully enforceable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The association may, upon affirmative vote
of a majority of its board of directors, purchase insurance to indemnify its institution-affiliated parties to the extent that
such indemnification is allowed in these bylaws; provided, however, that no such insurance shall include coverage for a final order
assessing civil money penalties against such persons by a bank regulatory agency. Such insurance may, but need not, be for the
benefit of all institution- affiliated parties.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE&nbsp;IX</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Inspection and Amendments</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;1.
Inspection</B></FONT>. A copy of the bylaws of the association, with all amendments, shall at all times be kept in a convenient
place at the main office of the association, and shall be open for inspection to all shareholders during banking hours.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Section&nbsp;2.
Amendments</B></FONT>. The bylaws of the association may be amended, altered or repealed, at any regular meeting of the board of
directors, by a vote of a majority of the total number of the directors except as provided below, and provided that the following
language accompany any such change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">I,<U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;_______&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</U>, certify that: (1)&nbsp;I am the duly constituted (secretary or treasurer) of<U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;__________</U>and secretary of its board of directors, and as such officer am the official custodian of its records; (2)&nbsp;the foregoing
bylaws are the bylaws of the association, and all of them are now lawfully in force and effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in">I have hereunto affixed my
official signature on this&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;_______&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</U>day of <U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;_______&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 22%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 22%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-left: 0.75in; text-align: left">(Secretary or Treasurer)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The association's shareholders may amend
or repeal the bylaws even though the bylaws also may be amended or repealed by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>EXHIBIT&nbsp;6</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Section&nbsp;321(b)&nbsp;Consent</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Pursuant to Section&nbsp;321(b)&nbsp;of the Trust Indenture
Act of 1939, as amended, Wilmington Trust, National Association hereby consents that reports of examinations by Federal, State,
Territorial or District authorities may be furnished by such authorities to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon requests
therefor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3"><B>WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD>Dated: March&nbsp;12, 2021</TD>
    <TD>By:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">/s/ Michael H. Wass</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 42%"> Michael H. Wass</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Title:</TD>
    <TD>Vice President</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>EXHIBIT&nbsp;7</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>R E P O R T O F C O N D I T I O N</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">As of the close of business on December&nbsp;31,
2020</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>ASSETS</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><B>Thousands of Dollars</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 82%; text-align: left">Cash and balances due from depository institutions:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 15%; text-align: right">6,024,491</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Securities:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,706</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Loans and leases held for sale:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Loans and leases net of unearned income, allowance:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">112,516</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Premises and fixed asset</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">25,764</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other real estate owned:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">360</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries and associated companies:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Direct and indirect investments in real estate ventures:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Intangible assets:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">567</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other assets:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">60,988</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Total Assets:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,230,392</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 82%">LIABILITIES</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 15%">Thousands
of Dollars</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deposits</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,525,170</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other borrowed money:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">0</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Other Liabilities:</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">74,904</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Total Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">5,600,074</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 82%">EQUITY CAPITAL</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 15%">Thousands
of Dollars</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Common Stock</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">1,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Surplus</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">407,887</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Retained Earnings</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">221,713</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Accumulated other comprehensive income</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">(282</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Total Equity Capital</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">630,318</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Total Liabilities and Equity Capital</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">6,230,392</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
