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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements presented herein are at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023. These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Certain information and note disclosures normally included in our annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") — as prescribed by the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) — have been condensed or omitted in these interim financial statements according to these SEC rules and regulations. Management believes that the disclosures included in these interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. In the opinion of management, all normal and recurring adjustments have been made to present fairly the financial condition of the Company at June 30, 2024 and results of operations for all periods presented. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 should not be construed as indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
In the first quarter of 2024, we updated the names of our Residential loans to Residential consumer loans and our Business purpose loans to Residential investor loans. There were no changes to the classifications of account balances as a result of these updates. in names. All prior period references in this document were conformed to this presentation.
In the second quarter of 2024, we combined the presentation of Short-term and Long-term debt within Debt obligations, net and Goodwill and Intangible assets within Other assets on the consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income, as applicable. There was no impact to the consolidated financial statements as a result of this change and all prior periods in this document were conformed to this presentation.
Principles of Consolidation
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the entities where the Company has a controlling financial interest. The Company determines whether it has a controlling financial interest in an entity by first evaluating whether the entity is a voting interest entity ("VOE") or a variable interest entity ("VIE").
A VOE is an entity that has sufficient equity and in which equity investors have a controlling financial interest. The usual condition for a controlling financial interest in a VOE is ownership of a majority voting interest. if the Company has a controlling majority voting interest in a VOE, the entity is consolidated.
A VIE is an entity that lacks one or more of the characteristics of a VOE. The Company has a controlling financial interest in and consolidates a VIE when the firm has a variable interest or interests that provide it with (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits for the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. See Note 15 for further information about VIEs.
For financial reporting purposes, we consolidate the assets and liabilities of certain entities formed in connection with the securitization of our loans and home equity investments ("HEI"), which we have determined to be VIEs and in which we have a controlling financial interest. The underlying loans owned at the consolidated securitization entities are shown under Residential consumer loans and Residential investor loans, at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets. The underlying HEI at the consolidated HEI securitization entities are shown under Home equity investments, at fair value on our consolidated balance sheets. See Note 11 for further discussion on HEI. The asset-backed securities (“ABS”) issued to third parties by these entities are shown under ABS issued. In our consolidated statements of income, we record interest income on the loans owned at these entities and interest expense on the ABS issued by these entities as well as fair value changes, other income and expenses associated with these entities' activities. See Note 16 for further discussion on ABS issued.
We also consolidate two partnerships ("Servicing Investment" entities) through which we have invested in servicing-related assets. We maintain an 80% ownership interest in each entity and have determined that we are the primary beneficiary of these partnerships.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements requires us to make a number of significant estimates. These include estimates of fair value of certain assets and liabilities, amounts and timing of credit losses, prepayment rates, valuation allowances, and other estimates that affect the reported amounts of certain assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of certain revenues and expenses during the reported periods. It is likely that changes in these estimates (e.g., valuation changes due to supply and demand, credit performance, prepayments, interest rates, or other reasons) will occur in the near term. Our estimates are inherently subjective in nature and actual results could differ from our estimates and the differences could be material.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Newly Adopted Accounting Standard Updates ("ASUs")
In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848." This new guidance defers the sunset date of Topic 848 from December 31, 2022, to December 31, 2024, after which entities will no longer be permitted to apply the relief in Topic 848. The objective of the guidance in Topic 848 is to provide temporary relief during the transition period. Through June 30, 2024, we had not elected to apply the optional expedients and exceptions to any of our existing contracts, hedging relationships, or other transactions. At June 30, 2024, we had no remaining LIBOR-indexed financial assets or liabilities.
Other Recent Accounting Pronouncements Pending Adoption
In August 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-05, "Business Combinations—Joint Venture Formations (Subtopic 805-60): Recognition and Initial Measurement." ASU 2023-05 requires a joint venture, upon formation, to initially measure its assets and liabilities at fair value. This generally aligns the treatment to be consistent with the guidance for business combinations. This new guidance is effective for all joint venture entities with a formation date on or after January 1, 2025, with early adoption permitted. Joint ventures formed prior to the adoption date may elect to apply the new guidance retrospectively back to their original formation date. We expect that this new guidance will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and plan to adopt this new guidance by the required date.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. "ASU 2023-07 expands the breadth and frequency of segment disclosures by requiring disclosures of significant segment expenses regularly provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") and included within the reported measures of a segment's profit or loss. Other disclosure requirements involve the amount and composition of other segment items and how the CODM uses the reported measures of profit or loss to assess segment performance and to decide how to allocate resources. The ASU does not change how a public entity identifies its operating segments, aggregates those operating segments or applies the quantitative thresholds to determine its reportable segments. This new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We expect that this new guidance will result in additional disclosures in our consolidated financial statements and plan to adopt this new guidance by the required date.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures." ASU 2023-09 improves the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the effective tax rate reconciliation disclosures. Additionally, income taxes paid are required to be disaggregated by jurisdiction, along with other amendments to enhance the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. This new guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted and upon adoption, the guidance can be adopted on a prospective or retrospective basis. We expect that this new guidance will result in additional disclosures in our consolidated financial statements and plan to adopt this new guidance by the required date.
In March 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-01, "Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards." ASU 2024-01 provides clarification for determining whether a profits interest award should be accounted for as a share-based payment arrangement or other compensation. This new guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted and upon adoption, the guidance can be adopted on a prospective or retrospective basis. We expect that this new guidance will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and plan to adopt this new guidance by the required date.