XML 72 R54.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.26.1

Taxation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Taxation

Schedule of Loss before income tax expenses

​

​	​	​	​	​	​	​
​	​ ​ ​	For the years ended December 31,
​	​	2023	​	2024	​	2025
​	​ ​ ​	RMB	​ ​ ​	RMB	​ ​ ​	RMB
PRC entities		(406,503)		(233,630)		(260,092)
Non-PRC entities		215,199		199,175		163,002
Total		(191,304)		(34,455)		(97,090)

Schedule of current and deferred portion of income tax expenses and income taxes paid (net of refunds) by jurisdiction

​

​	​	​	​	​	​	​
​	​ ​ ​	For the years ended December 31,
​	​	2023	​	2024	​	2025
​	​ ​ ​	RMB	​ ​ ​	RMB	​ ​ ​	RMB
Income tax expenses applicable to China operations		​		​		​
Current income tax expenses		—		518		390
Deferred income tax expenses		—		—		—
Subtotal income tax expenses applicable to China operations		—		518		390
Income tax expenses applicable to Non-PRC operations		​		​		​
Current income tax expenses		17,222		17,023		16,475
Deferred income tax benefits		(4,007)		(4,041)		(4,059)
Subtotal income tax expenses applicable to Non-PRC operations		13,215		12,982		12,416
Total income tax expenses		13,215		13,500		12,806

​

​	​	​
​	​ ​ ​	For the year ended
​	​	December 31, 2025
​	​	​
PRC		6,057
Others		59
Total		6,116

Schedule of reconciliation between the statutory income tax rate and the effective tax rate

​

​	​	​	​	​	​
​	​	For the year ended
​	​	December 31, 2025
​	​ ​ ​	Amount	​ ​ ​	Percent
​	​	​	​	​	​
PRC Statutory income tax rate		(24,273)		25.0	%
Foreign Tax Effects		​		​	​
Singapore		​		​	​
Statutory tax rate difference between Singapore and PRC		(2,847)		2.9	%
Others		54		(0.1)	%
​		​		​	​
Hong Kong	​	​	​	​	​
Statutory tax rate difference between Hong Kong and PRC		(7,282)		7.5	%
Non-taxable income		(13,493)		13.9	%
Others		(1)		0.0	%
​		​		​	​
Cayman Islands	​	​	​	​	​
Statutory tax rate difference between Cayman Islands and PRC		(10,437)		10.8	%
​	​	​	​	​	​
United States	​	​	​	​	​
Withholding tax		4,059		(4.2)	%
​		​		​	​
Changes in valuation allowances	​	72,032	​	(74.1)	%
Nontaxable or Nondeductible items		​		​	​
Effect of preferential tax benefits		12,582		(13.0)	%
Effect of Super Deduction available to the Group		(54,855)		56.5	%
Permanent differences		35,650		(36.7)	%
Other Adjustments		​		​	​
Withholding tax		1,612		(1.7)	%
Others		5		0.0	%
Income tax expense		12,806		(13.2)	%

​

​	​	​	​	​	​
​	​ ​ ​	For the years ended December 31,			​
​	​ ​ ​	2023	​ ​ ​	2024	​
PRC Statutory income tax rate	​ ​ ​	25.0	%	25.0	%
Effect of tax holiday and preferential tax benefits		(19.1)	%	(42.9)	%
Effect of varying tax rates available in different jurisdictions (i)		22.8	%	64.8	%
Permanent differences (ii)		(10.3)	%	10.5	%
Change in valuation allowance		(58.7)	%	(241.8)	%
Effect of Super Deduction available to the Group		33.4	%	145.2	%
Effective income tax rate		(6.9)	%	(39.2)	%
Effect of tax holidays inside the PRC on basic earnings per share/ADS (RMB)		0.28	​	0.19	​

(i) For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2024, the effect of varying tax rates in different jurisdictions is mainly driven by the interest income derived from short-term deposits and long-term deposits which are subject to an income tax rate of 0% under the tax laws of Cayman Islands, partially offset by the loss arising from overseas business which is subject to an income tax rate of 17% under the tax laws of Singapore for 2023, while the impact was not material in for 2024

​

(ii) Permanent differences mainly arise from expenses not deductible for tax purposes including primarily share-based compensation costs and expenses incurred by subsidiaries and VIEs.

Schedule of tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to deferred tax asset balances

​

​	​	​	​	​
​	​ ​ ​	December 31,
​	​	2024	​	2025
​	​ ​ ​	RMB	​ ​ ​	RMB
Tax loss carried forwards		455,210		503,635
Impairment loss of investments		47,920		65,943
Unrealized profit arising from elimination of inter-company transactions		4,478		33
Deferred revenue		1,856		2,120
Others (i)		2,557		12,757
​		512,021		584,488
Less: Valuation allowance (ii)		(512,021)		(584,488)
Total deferred tax assets		—		—
Deferred tax liabilities		​		​
Identifiable intangible assets arising from the Acquisition	​	(18,025)	​	(13,575)
Unrealized gains on investments		(5,380)		(5,357)
Total deferred tax liabilities		(23,405)		(18,932)
Net deferred tax liabilities		(23,405)		(18,932)

(i) Others primarily include the expected credit loss provision as of December 31, 2025, which mainly arose from the other receivable of a 2021 arrangement with a broadcaster (Note 8).

(ii) Valuation allowance is provided against deferred tax assets when the Group determines that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be utilized in the future. In making such determination, the Group considered factors including operating losses incurred in recent periods, future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and tax loss carry forwards. Valuation allowances as of December 31, 2024 and 2025 were provided for net operating loss carry forwards, because such deferred tax assets are not more likely than not to be realized based on the Group’s estimate of the future taxable income to be derived by the subsidiaries. If events including (i) future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences; (ii) future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carry forwards; and (iii) tax planning strategies occur in the future that allow the Group to realize more of its deferred income tax than the presently recorded amounts, an adjustment to the valuation allowances will result in a decrease in tax expense when those events occur.

Schedule of movement of valuation allowance

​

​	​	​	​	​	​	​
​	​ ​ ​	For the years ended December 31,
​	​ ​ ​	2023	​ ​ ​	2024	​ ​ ​	2025
​	​	RMB	​	RMB	​	RMB
Balance at beginning of the year	​	316,469	​	428,709	​	512,021
Additions	​	114,815	​	85,458	​	96,078
Reversals	​	(2,575)	​	(2,146)	​	(654)
Expiration of loss carry forward and impact of close of subsidiaries	​	—	​	—	​	(22,957)
Balance at end of the year	​	428,709	​	512,021	​	584,488

X

- References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:stringItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

X

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of supplemental cash flow information for the periods presented.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashFlowSupplementalDisclosuresTableTextBlock
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	dtr-types:textBlockItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

X

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-2

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	dtr-types:textBlockItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

X

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 231
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482663/740-10-55-231

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12A
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12A

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	dtr-types:textBlockItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

X

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of income before income tax between domestic and foreign jurisdictions.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480738/235-10-S50-1

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(1)(Note 1))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	dtr-types:textBlockItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

X

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of valuation allowances to reduce deferred tax assets to net realizable value, including identification of the deferred tax asset more likely than not will not be fully realized and the corresponding amount of the valuation allowance.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-2

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_SummaryOfValuationAllowanceTextBlock
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	dtr-types:textBlockItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration