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Mercantile Bank Corporation (Parent Company Only) Condensed Financial Statements (Details 1) (USD $) | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2012 | Sep. 30, 2012 | Jun. 30, 2012 | Mar. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Sep. 30, 2011 | Jun. 30, 2011 | Mar. 31, 2011 | Dec. 31, 2010 | Sep. 30, 2010 | Jun. 30, 2010 | Mar. 31, 2010 | Dec. 31, 2012 | Dec. 31, 2011 | Dec. 31, 2010
Income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest and dividends from subsidiaries | $ 14,666,000 | $ 14,768,000 | $ 14,930,000 | $ 15,553,000 | $ 16,406,000 | $ 17,044,000 | $ 18,460,000 | $ 19,159,000 | $ 20,524,000 | $ 21,734,000 | $ 22,696,000 | $ 23,189,000 | $ 59,917,000 | $ 71,069,000 | $ 88,143,000
Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 13,216,000 | 19,832,000 | 31,794,000
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit) and equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiary |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18,171,000 | 10,124,000 | (13,363,000)
Federal income tax expense (benefit) |  |  |  |  | 27,400,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,636,000 | (27,361,000) | (47,000)
Net income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12,535,000 | 37,485,000 | (13,316,000)
Preferred stock dividends and accretion |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,030,000 | 1,343,000 | 1,295,000
Net income (loss) attributable to common shares | 3,049,000 | 2,616,000 | 3,288,000 | 2,552,000 | 29,991,000 | 2,682,000 | 2,381,000 | 1,088,000 | (5,282,000) | (5,682,000) | (684,000) | (2,963,000) | 11,505,000 | 36,142,000 | (14,611,000)
Parent Company [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest and dividends from subsidiaries |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 32,532,000 | 4,974,000 | 1,104,000
Total income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 32,532,000 | 4,974,000 | 1,104,000
Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 884,000 | 847,000 | 848,000
Other operating expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,048,000 | 1,059,000 | 1,551,000
Total expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,932,000 | 1,906,000 | 2,399,000
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit) and equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiary |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30,600,000 | 3,068,000 | (1,295,000)
Federal income tax expense (benefit) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (665,000) | (2,272,000) | (47,000)
Equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiary |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (18,730,000) | 32,145,000 | (12,068,000)
Net income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12,535,000 | 37,485,000 | (13,316,000)
Preferred stock dividends and accretion |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,030,000 | 1,343,000 | 1,295,000
Net income (loss) attributable to common shares |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 11,505,000 | $ 36,142,000 | $ (14,611,000)

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