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Note 24 - Mercantile Bank Corporation (Parent Company Only) Condensed Financial Statements (Details) - Condensed Statements of Income - USD ($)
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Sep. 30, 2015
Jun. 30, 2015
Mar. 31, 2015
Dec. 31, 2014
Sep. 30, 2014
Jun. 30, 2014
Mar. 31, 2014
Dec. 31, 2015
Dec. 31, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Income                      
Interest and dividends from subsidiaries $ 28,575,000 $ 28,501,000 $ 27,663,000 $ 27,589,000 $ 28,147,000 $ 28,900,000 $ 18,483,000 $ 13,588,000 $ 112,328,000 $ 89,118,000 $ 58,242,000
Expenses                      
Interest expense                 11,154,000 11,340,000 10,786,000
Income before income tax benefit and equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary                 38,831,000 25,196,000 25,125,000
Federal income tax benefit                 11,811,000 7,865,000 8,092,000
Net income                 27,020,000 17,331,000 17,033,000
Comprehensive income                 28,267,000 22,920,000 9,810,000
Parent Company [Member]                      
Income                      
Interest and dividends from subsidiaries                 24,166,000 12,139,000 5,516,000
Total income                 24,166,000 12,139,000 5,516,000
Expenses                      
Interest expense                 2,569,000 2,145,000 1,213,000
Other operating expenses                 2,276,000 3,552,000 2,773,000
Total expenses                 4,845,000 5,697,000 3,986,000
Income before income tax benefit and equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary                 19,321,000 6,442,000 1,530,000
Federal income tax benefit                 (2,051,000) (1,758,000) (1,042,000)
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary                 5,648,000 9,131,000 14,461,000
Net income                 27,020,000 17,331,000 17,033,000
Comprehensive income                 $ 28,267,000 $ 22,920,000 $ 9,810,000