Costs and expenses

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

21	Costs and expenses

The operating costs and expenses by nature are as follows:


	December 31, 2021		December 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
Personnel (i)		109,368		46,280		29,638
IT Outsourcing, software, and hosting expenses (ii)		37,860		24,783		10,623
Marketing and events (iii)		8,649		3,861		5,940
Outsourced services (iv)		23,493		10,383		8,634
Traveling		2,224		1,071		3,076
Depreciation and amortization		4,072		2,400		2,526
Facilities		2,211		1,570		1,684
Expected credit losses		887		972		552
Other		2,938		837		463

Total		191,702		92,157		63,136


	December 31, 2021		December 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
Subscription cost		38,380		27,801		15,843
Services cost		11,212		7,050		4,404
General and administrative		31,889		13,961		10,692
Sales and marketing		63,521		23,844		20,174
Research and development		45,186		19,039		12,688
Other income (losses)		1,514		462		(665	)

Total		191,702		92,157		63,136

(i)

This amount refers to personnel compensation (such as wages and benefits) and share-based compensation (refer to note 25 for additional details on share-based compensation). The increase in the personnel costs and expenses is related to the growth of the number of employees and the increase of share-based expenses. The total share-based expense in 2021 was US$ 19,585 (2020: US$ 3,296). The Group also has a new share-based compensation in Loja Integrada established on April of 2021, a wholly owned subsidiary of VTEX, with an amount of expenses of US$ 728.

(ii)	The increase in IT outsourcing, software, and Hosting expenses refers mainly to hosting and cloud vendors due to the increase of the Group’s operation.

(iii)

The increase in marketing and events expenses refers mainly to marketing campaigns for the Group’s operation expansion.

(iv)	The increase in outsourced services is mainly related to the IPO, acquisitions and other consulting expenses.