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Segment Information (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Summary of Segment Information
Segment information for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Revenue
 

 
 

Travel Network
$
663,477

 
$
625,476

Airline and Hospitality Solutions
257,976

 
238,380

Eliminations
(6,100
)
 
(4,313
)
Total revenue
$
915,353

 
$
859,543

 
 
 
 
Adjusted Gross Profit (a)
 

 
 

Travel Network
$
319,018

 
$
304,914

Airline and Hospitality Solutions
105,348

 
100,876

Corporate
(23,589
)
 
(17,594
)
Total
$
400,777

 
$
388,196

 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA (b)
 

 
 

Travel Network
$
290,222

 
$
273,174

Airline and Hospitality Solutions
85,517

 
82,938

Total segments
375,739

 
356,112

Corporate
(78,178
)
 
(68,632
)
Total
$
297,561

 
$
287,480

 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 

 
 

Travel Network
$
20,468

 
$
18,530

Airline and Hospitality Solutions
38,777

 
35,793

Total segments
59,245

 
54,323

Corporate
46,425

 
41,960

Total
$
105,670

 
$
96,283

 
 
 
 
Adjusted Capital Expenditures (c)
 

 
 

Travel Network
$
26,273

 
$
22,970

Airline and Hospitality Solutions
62,162

 
60,420

Total segments
88,435

 
83,390

Corporate
16,979

 
12,039

Total
$
105,414

 
$
95,429

______________________________
(a)
The following table sets forth the reconciliation of Adjusted Gross Profit to operating income in our statement of operations (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Adjusted Gross Profit
$
400,777

 
$
388,196

Less adjustments:
 

 
 

Selling, general and administrative
144,441

 
133,856

Cost of revenue adjustments:
 

 
 

Depreciation and amortization (1)
73,697

 
66,507

Amortization of upfront incentive consideration (2)
16,132

 
12,337

Stock-based compensation
3,181

 
4,074

Operating income
$
163,326

 
$
171,422


(b)
The following table sets forth the reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to income from continuing operations in our statement of operations (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Adjusted EBITDA
$
297,561

 
$
287,480

Less adjustments:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment (1a)
61,300

 
53,665

Amortization of capitalized implementation costs (1b)
9,189

 
8,488

Acquisition-related amortization (1c)
35,181

 
34,130

Amortization of upfront incentive consideration (2)
16,132

 
12,337

Interest expense, net
39,561

 
41,202

Other, net (3)
15,234

 
(3,360
)
Restructuring and other costs (4)

 
124

Acquisition-related costs (5)

 
108

Litigation costs, net (6)
3,501

 
(3,846
)
Stock-based compensation
8,034

 
10,289

Provision for income taxes
31,707

 
41,424

Income from continuing operations
$
77,722

 
$
92,919

______________________________________________________
(1)
Depreciation and amortization expenses:
a.
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment includes software developed for internal use.
b.
Amortization of capitalized implementation costs represents amortization of upfront costs to implement new customer contracts under our SaaS and hosted revenue model.
c.
Acquisition-related amortization represents amortization of intangible assets from the take-private transaction in 2007 as well as intangibles associated with acquisitions since that date and amortization of the excess basis in our underlying equity in joint ventures.
(2)
Our Travel Network business at times makes upfront cash payments or other consideration to travel agency subscribers at the inception or modification of a service contract, which are capitalized and amortized over an average expected life of the service contract, generally over three years to five years. Such consideration is made with the objective of increasing the number of clients or to ensure or improve customer loyalty. Such service contract terms are established such that the supplier and other fees generated over the life of the contract will exceed the cost of the incentive consideration provided up front. Such service contracts with travel agency subscribers require that the customer commit to achieving certain economic objectives and generally have terms requiring repayment of the upfront incentive consideration if those objectives are not met.
(3)
In the first quarter of 2017, we recognized a $12 million loss related to debt modification costs associated with our debt refinancing. In the first quarter of 2016, we recognized a gain of $6 million associated with the receipt of an earn-out payment from the sale of a business in 2013. In addition, other, net includes foreign exchange gains and losses related to the remeasurement of foreign currency denominated balances included in our consolidated balance sheets into the relevant functional currency.
(4)
Restructuring and other costs represent charges associated with business restructuring and associated changes implemented which resulted in severance benefits related to employee terminations, integration and facility opening or closing costs and other business reorganization costs.
(5)
Acquisition-related costs represent fees and expenses incurred associated with the acquisition of the Trust Group and Airpas Aviation (see Note 2, Acquisitions).
(6)
Litigation costs, net represent charges and legal fee reimbursements associated with antitrust litigation (see Note 10, Contingencies).
(c)
Includes capital expenditures and capitalized implementation costs as summarized below (in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
Additions to property and equipment
$
88,318

 
$
75,472

Capitalized implementation costs
17,096

 
19,957

Adjusted Capital Expenditures
$
105,414

 
$
95,429