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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The consolidated financial statements presented in this report include the accounts of HomeTrust Bancshares, Inc., a Maryland corporation ("HomeTrust"), and its wholly-owned subsidiary, HomeTrust Bank (the "Bank"). As used throughout this report, the term the "Company" refers to HomeTrust and the Bank, its consolidated subsidiary, unless the context otherwise requires.
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X as promulgated by the SEC. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented have been included. It is recommended that these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2019 ("2019 Form 10-K") filed with the SEC on September 13, 2019. The results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire fiscal year ending June 30, 2020.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements. Various elements of the Company's accounting policies, by their nature, are inherently subject to estimation techniques, valuation assumptions, and other subjective assessments. In particular, management has identified several accounting policies that, due to the judgments, estimates and assumptions inherent in those policies, are critical to an understanding of the Company's financial statements. These policies relate to (i) the determination of the provision and the allowance for loan losses, (ii) the valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets, and (iii) the valuation of or recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities. These policies and judgments, estimates and assumptions are described in greater detail in subsequent notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Critical Accounting Policies) in our 2019 Form 10-K. Management believes that the judgments, estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the financial statements are appropriate based on the factual circumstances at the time. However, given the sensitivity of the financial statements to these critical accounting policies, the use of other judgments, estimates and assumptions could result in material differences in the Company's results of operations or financial condition. Further, subsequent changes in economic or market conditions could have a material impact on these estimates and the Company's financial condition and operating results in future periods.
Certain amounts reported in prior periods' consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Such reclassifications had no effect on previously reported cash flows, stockholders' equity or net income.
Leases
On July 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (“Topic 842”), and subsequent related ASUs. The new leasing standard modifies the accounting, presentation, and disclosures for both lessees and lessors. The Company elected the modified retrospective transition option which allows for application of the Topic 842 guidance at the adoption date. Therefore, comparative prior period financial information was not adjusted and will continue to be reported under the previous accounting guidance of ASC 840, Leases (“ASC 840”). No cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of July 1, 2019 was necessary as a result of adopting the new standard. The Company elected the “package of practical expedients” permitted under the transition guidance which allows the Company not to reassess its prior conclusions regarding lease identification, lease classification of existing leases, and treatment of initial direct costs on existing leases. Any lease arrangements and significant modifications entered into subsequent to the adoption date are accounted for in accordance with the new standard.
Lessee Topic 842 Accounting
The new leasing standard requires recognition of operating leases on the consolidated balance sheets as ROU assets and lease liabilities. ROU assets represent our right to use underlying assets for the lease terms and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the leases. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of lease payments over the lease term. We use our estimated incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of lease payments for operating leases and the implicit rate in the lease for our one finance lease.
For operating leases, the Company recognized lease liabilities, with corresponding ROU assets, based on the present value of unpaid lease payments for existing operating leases longer than twelve months as of July 1, 2019. The ROU assets were adjusted per Topic 842 transition guidance for existing lease-related balances of accrued and prepaid rent, and unamortized lease incentives provided by lessors. As a result, the Company recognized ROU assets of approximately $5.3 million in other assets and corresponding lease liabilities of approximately $5.3 million in other liabilities as of July 1, 2019. The July 1, 2019 incremental borrowing rates determined on a collateralized basis for the remaining lease terms were utilized when determining the present value of lease payments at the date of initial adoption.
For our finance lease, the Company leases land for one of its retail locations. Upon adoption of Topic 842, the Company reclassed $2.1 million from land to ROU assets in other assets. In addition, the corresponding liability of $1.9 million, which was disclosed separately on the balance sheet was reclassed to other liabilities.
The Company elected the lessee practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components. The Company also elected the short-term lease recognition exemption and will not recognize ROU assets or lease liabilities for leases with a term less than 12 months.
Operating lease cost is recognized as a single lease cost on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is recorded in net occupancy expense. Variable lease payments for common area maintenance, property taxes and other operating expenses are recognized as expense in the period when the changes in facts and circumstances on which the variable lease payments are based occur.
Finance lease cost is recognized as a single lease cost using the effective interest method and is recorded in net occupancy expense.
Lessee Accounting Prior to Adoption of Topic 842
Prior to the adoption of ASC 842, the Company applied the guidance of ASC 840. Under ASC 840, operating lease arrangements were off-balance sheet and ROU assets and lease liabilities were not recognized. Operating lease rent expense was recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and recorded in net occupancy expense. Common area maintenance, property taxes, and other operating expenses related to leased premises were also recognized in net occupancy expenses, consistent with similar costs for owned locations.
Lessor Topic 842
Prior to the adoption of Topic 842, we determined the lease classification at commencement date. Leases not classified as sales-type or direct financing leases are classified as operating leases. The primary accounting criteria we use for  lease classification are (i) review to determine if the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the lessee by the end of the lease term, ii) review to determine if the lease grants the lessee a purchase option that the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise, (iii) determine if the lease term is for a major part of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset and (iv) determine if the present value of the sum of the lease payments and any residual value guarantees equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the underlying asset. We do not lease equipment of such a specialized nature that it is expected to have no alternative use to the lessor at the end of the lease term.
The Company elected a lessor accounting policy to exclude from revenue and expenses sales taxes and other similar taxes assessed by a governmental authority on lease revenue-producing transactions and collected by the lessor from a lessee.
Operating Leases - Assets leased under an operating lease are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. These assets are depreciated to their estimated residual value using the straight-line method over the lesser of the lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Assets received at the end of the lease, which are intended to be sold, are marked to the lower of cost or fair value less selling costs with the adjustment recorded in other noninterest income.
At the inception of each operating lease, we record a residual value for the leased equipment based on our estimate of the future value of the equipment at the end of the lease term or end of the equipment’s estimated useful life as indicated by industry data. Operating leases have higher risk because a smaller percentage of the equipment's value is covered by contractual cash flows over the term of the lease. If the market value of leased equipment under operating leases decreases at a rate greater than we projected, whether due to rapid technological or economic obsolescence, unusual wear and tear on the equipment, excessive use of the equipment, recession or other adverse economic conditions, or other factors, it could adversely affect the current values or the residual values of such equipment. The Company seeks to mitigate these risks by maintaining relatively young fleet of leased assets with wide operator bases, which can facilitate attractive lease and utilization rates. The Company manages and evaluates residual values by performing periodic reviews of estimated residual values and monitoring levels of residual realizations. A change in estimated operating lease residual values would result in a change in future depreciation expense. Any impairments are recognized at the time a change is identified.
Rental revenue on operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is included in other noninterest income.
Finance Leases - The Company’s finance leases are classified as direct financing lease under ASC 842. The Company’s finance lease activity primarily relates to leasing of new equipment with the equipment purchase price equal to fair value and therefore there is no selling profit or loss at lease commencement. When there is no selling profit or loss, initial direct costs are deferred at the commencement date and included in the measurement of the net investment in the lease.  
A lease receivable is recorded for finance leases at present value discounted using the rate implicit in the lease. The lease receivable includes lease payments not yet paid and the guarantee of the residual value by the lessee or unrelated third party, as applicable. Interest income is recognized over the lease term at a constant periodic discount rate on the remaining balance of the lease net investment using the rate implicit in the lease. After the commencement date, lease payments collected are applied to reduce net investment and recognize interest income.
The recognition of interest income is suspended, and an account is placed on non-accrual status when, in the opinion of management, full collection of all principal and interest due is doubtful. All future interest income accruals, as well as amortization of deferred fees, costs, and purchase premiums or discounts are suspended. Subsequent lease payments received are applied to the outstanding net investment balance until such time as the account is collected, charged-off or returned to accrual status. Finance leases that are nonaccrual do not accrue interest income; however, payments designated by the borrower as interest payments may be recorded as interest income. To qualify for this treatment, the remaining recorded investment in the lease must be deemed fully collectible.
The recognition of interest income on finance leases is suspended, and all previously accrued but uncollected revenue is reversed, when lease payments are contractually delinquent for 90 days or more. Accounts, including accounts that have been modified, are returned to accrual status when, in the opinion of management, collection of remaining lease receivables are reasonably assured, and there is a sustained period of repayment performance, generally for a minimum of six months.
Certain finance leases also have residual values at the inception of the lease which are based on our estimate of the future value of the equipment at the end of the lease term or end of the equipment’s estimated useful life as indicated by industry data. Finance leases bear the least risk because contractual payments usually cover approximately 90% of the equipment's cost at the inception of the lease. A change in estimated finance lease residual values during the lease term may impact the loss allowance as a decrease in the residual value may cause an impairment to be recorded on the finance lease.
Lessor Accounting Prior to Adoption of Topic 842
Lessor accounting was not fundamentally changed by Topic 842 and remains similar to the prior accounting model, with updates to align with certain changes to the lessee model (e.g., certain definitions, such as initial direct costs, have been updated) and the new revenue recognition standard. The new rules did not have a significant impact on our classification of leases as finance or operating. The new lease guidance has a narrower definition of initial direct costs that may be capitalized and allocated internal costs and professional fees to negotiate and arrange the lease agreement that would have been incurred regardless of lease execution no longer qualify as initial direct cost.