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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The Company’s effective tax rates yielded a net expense of 9.7% and 81.8% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and a net expense of 14.5% and 24.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 
In the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, the impact of discrete tax items decreased the effective tax rate by 3.4% and 1.8%, respectively.
In the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Company incurred a discrete tax benefit relating primarily to the impairment of a long-term investment asset. In the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company incurred a net discrete tax expense relating primarily to the gain on the Sale of Webdam, partially offset by a discrete tax benefit related to the impairment of a long-term investment asset. The net effect of these discrete items increased the effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 by 66.5% and 8.7%, respectively.
The Company has computed the provision for income taxes based on the estimated annual effective tax rate and the application of discrete items, if any, in the applicable period. The estimated annual effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate due primarily to the international provisions enacted as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”) and the U.S. Research and Development tax credit.
During the three months ended June 30, 2019 and during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, uncertain tax positions recorded by the Company were not significant. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, uncertain tax positions recorded by the Company were $1.0 million. To the extent the remaining uncertain tax positions are ultimately recognized, the Company’s effective tax rate may be impacted in future periods.
The Company recognizes interest expense and tax penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company’s accrual for interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits was not significant for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company paid net cash taxes of $1.5 million and during the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company received net tax refunds of $0.1 million.