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LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Receivables [Abstract]  
LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
Total net loans receivable at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are summarized as follows:
September 30, 2025Percentage
of Total		December 31, 2024Percentage
of Total
Farmland$28,424 0.44 %$31,099 0.67 %
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties639,160 9.88 515,208 11.18 
Agricultural production and other loans to farmers6,019 0.09 6,492 0.14 
Loans to depository institutions7,376 0.11 — — 
Commercial and Industrial762,736 11.79 718,775 15.60 
Obligations (other than securities and leases) of states and political subdivisions177,123 2.74 140,430 3.05 
Other loans49,127 0.76 28,110 0.61 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans383,273 5.93 282,912 6.14 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties724,931 11.21 411,146 8.92 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties1,409,637 21.79 1,033,541 22.42 
1-4 Family Construction47,631 0.74 26,431 0.57 
Home equity lines of credit230,440 3.56 166,327 3.61 
Residential Mortgages secured by first liens1,733,513 26.80 1,012,746 21.97 
Residential Mortgages secured by junior liens139,783 2.16 106,462 2.31 
Other revolving credit plans43,666 0.68 41,095 0.89 
Automobile18,459 0.29 20,961 0.45 
Other consumer52,456 0.81 53,821 1.17 
Credit cards13,701 0.21 13,143 0.29 
Overdrafts741 0.01 257 0.01 
Total loans receivable$6,468,196 100.00 %$4,608,956 100.00 %
Less: Allowance for credit losses(67,684)(47,357)
Loans receivable, net$6,400,512 $4,561,599 
Net deferred loan origination fees included in the above table$71 $49 

The Corporation's outstanding loans receivable and related unfunded commitments are primarily concentrated within Central, Northwest and Northeast regions of Pennsylvania, Central and Northeast Ohio, Western New York and Southwest Virginia. The Bank attempts to limit concentrations within specific industries by utilizing dollar limitations to single industries or customers, and by entering into participation agreements with third parties. Collateral requirements are established based on management's assessment of the customer. The Corporation maintains lending policies to control the quality of the loan portfolio. These policies delegate the authority to extend loans under specific guidelines and underwriting standards. These policies are prepared by the Corporation's management and reviewed and approved annually by the Corporation's Board of Directors.

Syndicated loans, net of deferred fees and costs, are included in the commercial and industrial classification and totaled $71.9 million and $79.9 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Transactions in the allowance for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2025 were as follows:
Beginning
Allowance		Initial Allowance on ESSA PCD Acquired Loans(Charge-offs)Recoveries
Provision (Benefit) for Credit Losses on Loans Receivable(1)(2)
Ending Allowance
Farmland$157 $— $— $— $— $157 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties4,527 352 — — 1,825 6,704 
Agricultural production and other loans to farmers37 — — — — 37 
Loans to depository institutions— — — — 60 60 
Commercial and Industrial8,343 244 (164)9 586 9,018 
Obligations (other than securities and leases) of states and political subdivisions1,328 94 — — 573 1,995 
Other loans414 — — — 52 466 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans2,735 444 — — 636 3,815 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties
2,605 50 — — 1,799 4,454 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties10,389 294 — — 3,051 13,734 
1-4 Family Construction100 27 — — 285 412 
Home equity lines of credit1,737 8 (70)— 396 2,071 
Residential Mortgages secured by first liens9,862 340 (11)— 7,569 17,760 
Residential Mortgages secured by junior liens1,572 4 — — 201 1,777 
Other revolving credit plans1,032 — (49)2 85 1,070 
Automobile247 — (22)2 (4)223 
Other consumer2,944 — (468)42 528 3,046 
Credit cards145 — (175)9 165 144 
Overdrafts155 — (82)20 648 741 
Total loans$48,329 $1,857 $(1,041)$84 $18,455 $67,684 
(1) Excludes provision for credit losses related to unfunded commitments. Note 10, "Off-Balance Sheet Commitments and Contingencies," to the condensed consolidated financial statements provides more detail concerning the provision for credit losses related to unfunded commitments of the Corporation.
(2) The provision expense (benefit) includes the day 1 provision on non-PCD loans acquired from ESSA.

Transactions in the allowance for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 were as follows:
Beginning
Allowance		Initial Allowance on ESSA PCD Acquired Loans(Charge-offs)Recoveries
Provision (Benefit) for Credit Losses on Loans Receivable(1)(2)
Ending Allowance
Farmland$167 $— $— $— $(10)$157 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties5,696 352 (1,516)29 2,143 6,704 
Agricultural production and other loans to farmers37 — — — — 37 
Loans to depository institutions— — — — 60 60 
Commercial and Industrial7,759 244 (888)9 1,894 9,018 
Obligations (other than securities and leases) of states and political subdivisions1,369 94 — — 532 1,995 
Other loans329 — — — 137 466 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans2,571 444 — — 800 3,815 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties
2,969 50 (1,072)— 2,507 4,454 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties10,110 294 — — 3,330 13,734 
1-4 Family Construction198 27 — — 187 412 
Home equity lines of credit1,340 8 (70)10 783 2,071 
Residential Mortgages secured by first liens8,958 340 (53)1 8,514 17,760 
Residential Mortgages secured by junior liens1,343 4 — — 430 1,777 
Other revolving credit plans960 — (74)5 179 1,070 
Automobile275 — (27)2 (27)223 
Other consumer2,892 — (1,639)72 1,721 3,046 
Credit cards127 — (312)38 291 144 
Overdrafts257 — (285)71 698 741 
Total loans$47,357 $1,857 $(5,936)$237 $24,169 $67,684 
(1) Excludes provision for credit losses related to unfunded commitments. Note 10, "Off-Balance Sheet Commitments and Contingencies," to the condensed consolidated financial statements provides more detail concerning the provision for credit losses related to unfunded commitments of the Corporation.
(2) The provision expense (benefit) includes the day 1 provision on non-PCD loans acquired from ESSA.
Transactions in the allowance for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 were as follows:
Beginning
Allowance		(Charge-offs)Recoveries
Provision (Benefit) for Credit Losses on Loans Receivable(1)
Ending Allowance
Farmland$154 $— $— $8 $162 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties5,000 — 28 194 5,222 
Agricultural production and other loans to farmers8 — — (1)7 
Commercial and Industrial7,113 (596)8 637 7,162 
Obligations (other than securities and leases) of states and political subdivisions2,554 — — (1,057)1,497 
Other loans403 — — (97)306 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans3,114 — — (456)2,658 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties1,410 — — 465 1,875 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties9,718 — 20 1,775 11,513 
1-4 Family Construction147 — — 42 189 
Home equity lines of credit1,035 — 1 (54)982 
Residential Mortgages secured by first liens8,934 (14)— 213 9,133 
Residential Mortgages secured by junior liens1,598 — — (233)1,365 
Other revolving credit plans934 (18)2 42 960 
Automobile287 (29)2 38 298 
Other consumer2,802 (519)105 517 2,905 
Credit cards103 (86)6 94 117 
Overdrafts218 (150)20 205 293 
Total loans$45,532 $(1,412)$192 $2,332 $46,644 
(1) Excludes provision for credit losses related to unfunded commitments. Note 10, "Off-Balance Sheet Commitments and Contingencies," to the condensed consolidated financial statements provides more detail concerning the provision for credit losses related to unfunded commitments of the Corporation.

Transactions in the allowance for credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were as follows:
Beginning
Allowance		(Charge-offs)Recoveries
Provision (Benefit) for Credit Losses on Loans Receivable(1)
Ending Allowance
Farmland$138 $— $— $24 $162 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties4,131 (699)45 1,745 5,222 
Agricultural production and other loans to farmers7 — — — 7 
Commercial and Industrial9,500 (2,360)56 (34)7,162 
Obligations (other than securities and leases) of states and political subdivisions2,627 — — (1,130)1,497 
Other loans389 — — (83)306 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans2,830 — — (172)2,658 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties1,251 — — 624 1,875 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties9,783 (349)20 2,059 11,513 
1-4 Family Construction191 — — (2)189 
Home equity lines of credit844 — 4 134 982 
Residential Mortgages secured by first liens8,274 (78)— 937 9,133 
Residential Mortgages secured by junior liens1,487 — — (122)1,365 
Other revolving credit plans977 (117)22 78 960 
Automobile360 (53)6 (15)298 
Other consumer2,656 (1,562)158 1,653 2,905 
Credit cards95 (126)14 134 117 
Overdrafts292 (415)66 350 293 
Total loans$45,832 $(5,759)$391 $6,180 $46,644 
) Excludes provision for credit losses related to unfunded commitments. Note 10, "Off-Balance Sheet Commitments and Contingencies," to the condensed consolidated financial statements provides more detail concerning the provision for credit losses related to unfunded commitments of the Corporation.


The Corporation's allowance for credit losses is influenced by loan volumes, risk rating migration, delinquency status and other conditions influencing loss expectations, such as reasonable and supportable forecasts of economic conditions.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the allowance for credit losses increased $19.4 million and $20.3 million, respectively, primarily driven by the Merger and the $1.9 million in PCD allowance and $16.4 million in non-PCD allowance established on the acquisition date, coupled with growth in the Corporation's loan portfolio. Significant uncertainty persists regarding the domestic and global economy due to changes to U.S. tariffs and corresponding policy changes by U.S. trading partners, continued elevated interest rates, fluctuating levels of consumer confidence, and geopolitical conflicts. Management will continue to proactively evaluate its estimate of expected credit losses as new information becomes available.

Provision for credit losses was $18.5 million and $24.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, compared to $2.4 million and $6.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The increase in provision for credit losses was primarily due to a $16.4 million reserve established for non-PCD loans acquired in the Merger, coupled with the impacts of higher loan portfolio growth and lower loan net charge-offs. In addition, included in the provision for credit losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was a provision of $1 thousand and $181 thousand, respectively, related to the allowance for unfunded commitments compared to $49 thousand and $112 thousand provision, related to the allowance for unfunded commitments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loans receivable on nonaccrual status and loans receivable past due over 89 days still accruing as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively:

September 30, 2025
NonaccrualNonaccrual With No Allowance for Credit LossLoans Receivable Past Due over 89 Days Still Accruing
Farmland$477 $477 $— 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties5,372 4,156 — 
Commercial and Industrial9,143 8,437 — 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans3,781 195 — 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties330 330 — 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties3,786 3,786 — 
Home equity lines of credit1,658 1,408 — 
Residential Mortgages secured by first liens10,283 9,493 — 
Residential Mortgages secured by junior liens369 369 — 
Other revolving credit plans31 31 — 
Automobile64 64 — 
Other consumer719 719 — 
Credit cards— — 86 
Total$36,013 $29,465 $86 
December 31, 2024
NonaccrualNonaccrual With No Allowance for Credit LossLoans Receivable Past Due over 89 Days Still Accruing
Farmland$522 $522 $— 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties5,896 1,392 — 
Commercial and Industrial10,682 10,111 — 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans1,482 36 — 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties20,658 266 491 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties5,913 5,913 — 
Home equity lines of credit837 837 — 
Residential Mortgages secured by first liens9,093 8,311 — 
Residential Mortgages secured by junior liens271 271 — 
Other revolving credit plans154 154 — 
Automobile66 66 — 
Other consumer749 749 — 
Credit cards— — 162 
Total$56,323 $28,628 $653 

All payments received while on nonaccrual status are applied against the principal balance of the loan. The Corporation does not recognize interest income while a loan is on nonaccrual status.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans receivable that are individually evaluated and collateral-dependent by class of loans as of September 30, 2025:
Real Estate CollateralNon-Real Estate Collateral
Farmland$313 $— 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties2,241 — 
Commercial and Industrial412 3,188 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans3,586 — 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties182 — 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties3,087 — 
Home equity lines of credit1,030 — 
Residential Mortgages secured by first liens1,384 — 
Total$12,235 $3,188 

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans receivable that are individually evaluated and collateral-dependent by class of loans as of December 31, 2024:
Real Estate CollateralNon-Real Estate Collateral
Farmland$352 $— 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties4,503 — 
Commercial and Industrial258 2,553 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans1,446 — 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties20,658 — 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties5,224 — 
Home equity lines of credit290 — 
Residential Mortgages secured by first liens1,411 — 
Total$34,142 $2,553 
The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost basis in past-due loans receivable as of September 30, 2025 by class of loans:
30 - 59
Days Past Due		60 - 89
Days Past Due		Greater Than 89
Days Past Due		Total Past DueLoans Receivable Not Past DueTotal
Farmland$80 $— $164 $244 $28,180 $28,424 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties4,369 725 1,825 6,919 632,241 639,160 
Agricultural production and other loans to farmers— — — — 6,019 6,019 
Loans to depository institutions— — — — 7,376 7,376 
Commercial and Industrial1,738 526 7,486 9,750 752,986 762,736 
Obligations (other than securities and leases) of states and political subdivisions238 — — 238 176,885 177,123 
Other loans— — — — 49,127 49,127 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans— — 3,522 3,522 379,751 383,273 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties— — — — 724,931 724,931 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties2,170 589 248 3,007 1,406,630 1,409,637 
1-4 Family Construction— — — — 47,631 47,631 
Home equity lines of credit1,602 309 385 2,296 228,144 230,440 
Residential Mortgages secured by first liens6,613 3,357 6,495 16,465 1,717,048 1,733,513 
Residential Mortgages secured by junior liens272 142 56 470 139,313 139,783 
Other revolving credit plans112 34 13 159 43,507 43,666 
Automobile43 52 40 135 18,324 18,459 
Other consumer430 285 389 1,104 51,352 52,456 
Credit cards235 37 86 358 13,343 13,701 
Overdrafts— — — — 741 741 
Total$17,902 $6,056 $20,709 $44,667 $6,423,529 $6,468,196 
The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost basis in past-due loans receivable as of December 31, 2024 by class of loans:
30 - 59
Days Past Due		60 - 89
Days Past Due		Greater Than 89
Days Past Due		Total Past DueLoans Receivable Not Past Due Total
Farmland$— $— $— $— $31,099 $31,099 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties77 1,479 5,030 6,586 508,622 515,208 
Agricultural production and other loans to farmers— — — — 6,492 6,492 
Commercial and Industrial704 185 6,632 7,521 711,254 718,775 
Obligations (other than securities and leases) of states and political subdivisions— — — — 140,430 140,430 
Other loans— — — — 28,110 28,110 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans— — 1,482 1,482 281,430 282,912 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties— 20,392 757 21,149 389,997 411,146 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties— — — — 1,033,541 1,033,541 
1-4 Family Construction216 — — 216 26,215 26,431 
Home equity lines of credit1,006 387 323 1,716 164,611 166,327 
Residential Mortgages secured by first liens2,908 1,910 5,795 10,613 1,002,133 1,012,746 
Residential Mortgages secured by junior liens224 35 64 323 106,139 106,462 
Other revolving credit plans351 4 100 455 40,640 41,095 
Automobile135 3 — 138 20,823 20,961 
Other consumer601 271 358 1,230 52,591 53,821 
Credit cards97 115 162 374 12,769 13,143 
Overdrafts— — — — 257 257 
Total$6,319 $24,781 $20,703 $51,803 $4,557,153 $4,608,956 

Loan Modifications

Occasionally, the Corporation modifies loans to borrowers in financial distress by providing principal forgiveness, term extension, an other-than-insignificant payment delay or interest rate reduction. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amount of forgiveness is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses.

In some cases, the Corporation provides multiple types of concessions on one loan. Typically, one type of concession, such as a term extension, is granted initially. If the borrower continues to experience financial difficulty, another concession, such as principal forgiveness, may be granted. For the loans included in the "combination" columns below, multiple types of modifications have been made on the same loan within the current reporting period. The combination is at least two of the following: a term extension, principal forgiveness, an other-than-insignificant payment delay and/or an interest rate reduction.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at September 30, 2025 that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the three months ended September 30, 2025, by class and by type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivable is also presented below:

Principal ForgivenessPayment DelayTerm ExtensionInterest Rate ReductionCombination Payment Delay and Term ExtensionTotal Class of Financing Receivable
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties$— $— $182 $— $— — %
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties— — 1,962 — — 0.1 
Total$— $— $2,144 $— $— — %
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at September 30, 2025 that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, by class and by type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivable is also presented below:

Principal ForgivenessPayment DelayTerm ExtensionInterest Rate ReductionCombination Payment Delay and Term ExtensionTotal Class of Financing Receivable
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties$— $696 $— $— $— 0.1 %
Commercial and Industrial— 6,767 142 — — 0.9 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans— — 10,114 — — 2.6 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties— — 182 — — — 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties— 3,087 1,962 — — 0.4 
Total$— $10,550 $12,400 $— $— 0.4 %

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at September 30, 2024 that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the three months ended September 30, 2024, by class and by type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivable is also presented below:

Principal ForgivenessPayment DelayTerm ExtensionInterest Rate ReductionCombination Payment Delay and Term ExtensionTotal Class of Financing Receivable
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties— 696 — — — 0.1 %
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties— 5,443 — — — 0.5 
Total$— $6,139 $— $— $— 0.1 %

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at September 30, 2024 that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, by class and by type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivable is also presented below:

Principal ForgivenessPayment DelayTerm ExtensionInterest Rate ReductionCombination Payment Delay and Term ExtensionTotal Class of Financing Receivable
Farmland$— $1,040 $— $— $— 3.3 %
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties— 5,254 — — — 1.0 
Commercial and Industrial— 27 438 — — 0.1 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties— 5,443 — — — 0.5 
Total$— $11,764 $438 $— $— 0.3 %

The Corporation had no unfunded available credit to customers whose loan receivables are included in the previous tables.
The Corporation closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts.

The following table presents the performance of such loans that have been modified during the twelve months ended September 30, 2025:

Current30 - 59
Days Past Due		60 - 89
Days Past Due		Greater Than 89
Days Past Due		Total Past Due
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties$696 $— $— $— $— 
Commercial and Industrial6,908 — — — — 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans10,276 — — — — 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties
182 — — — — 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties3,064 1,962 — — 1,962 
Total$21,126 $1,962 $— $— $1,962 

The following table presents the performance of such loans that have been modified during the twelve months ended September 30, 2024:

Current30 - 59
Days Past Due		60 - 89
Days Past Due		Greater Than 89
Days Past Due		Total Past Due
Farmland$1,040 $— $— $— $— 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties5,254 — — — — 
Commercial and Industrial465 — — — — 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties5,443 — — — — 
Residential Mortgages secured by first liens376 — — — — 
Residential Mortgages secured by junior liens28 — — — — 
Total$12,606 $— $— $— $— 

There was no principal forgiveness, term extension or interest rate reductions for the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the three months ended September 30, 2025.

The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the nine months ended September 30, 2025:
Principal ForgivenessWeighted Average
Term Extension
(in years)		Weighted Average
Interest Rate Reduction
Commercial and Industrial$— 1.00— %
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans— 0.75— 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties
— 0.50— 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties— 0.50— 
Total$— 0.72— %

There was no principal forgiveness, term extension or interest rate reductions for the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the three months ended September 30, 2024.

The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

Principal ForgivenessWeighted Average
Term Extension
(in years)		Weighted Average
Interest Rate Reduction
Commercial and Industrial$— 1.00— %
Total$— 1.00— %
There were no loans that had a payment default during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and were modified in the twelve months prior to that default to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.

There were no loans that had a payment default during the three months ended September 30, 2024 and were modified in the twelve months prior to that default to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.

If the Corporation determines that a modified loan (or portion of a loan) has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan (or a portion of the loan) is written off and the amortized cost basis of the loan is reduced by the uncollectible amount and the allowance for credit losses is adjusted by the same amount.

Credit Quality Indicators

The Corporation categorizes loans receivable into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Corporation analyzes loans individually to classify the loans as to credit risk.

The Corporation uses the following definitions for risk ratings:

Special Mention: A loan classified as special mention has a potential weakness that deserves management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the Corporation's credit position at some future date.

Substandard: A loan classified as substandard is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. The loan has a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. A substandard loan is characterized by the distinct possibility that the Corporation will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful: A loan classified as doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

The following tables represent the Corporation's commercial credit risk profile by risk rating. Loans receivable not rated as special mention, substandard, or doubtful are considered to be pass rated loans.

September 30, 2025
Non-Pass Rated
PassSpecial MentionSubstandardDoubtfulTotal Non-PassTotal
Farmland$23,042 $— $5,382 $— $5,382 $28,424 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties614,415 2,079 22,666 — 24,745 639,160 
Agricultural production and other loans to farmers6,019 — — — — 6,019 
Loans to depository institutions7,376 — — — — 7,376 
Commercial and Industrial696,749 8,189 57,798 — 65,987 762,736 
Obligations (other than securities and leases) of states and political subdivisions177,123 — — — — 177,123 
Other loans47,977 1,150 — — 1,150 49,127 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans349,637 29,660 3,976 — 33,636 383,273 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties
718,950 — 5,981 — 5,981 724,931 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties1,389,133 1,392 19,112 — 20,504 1,409,637 
Total$4,030,421 $42,470 $114,915 $— $157,385 $4,187,806 
December 31, 2024
Non-Pass Rated
PassSpecial MentionSubstandardDoubtfulTotal Non-PassTotal
Farmland$25,171 $5,267 $661 $— $5,928 $31,099 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties491,798 1,289 22,121 — 23,410 515,208 
Agricultural production and other loans to farmers6,492 — — — — 6,492 
Commercial and Industrial654,139 4,321 60,315 — 64,636 718,775 
Obligations (other than securities and leases) of states and political subdivisions140,430 — — — — 140,430 
Other loans28,110 — — — — 28,110 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans281,466 — 1,446 — 1,446 282,912 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties
385,946 — 25,200 — 25,200 411,146 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties1,008,507 4,947 20,087 — 25,034 1,033,541 
Total$3,022,059 $15,824 $129,830 $— $145,654 $3,167,713 
The following tables detail the amortized cost of loans receivable, by year of origination (for term loans) and by risk grade within each portfolio segment as of September 30, 2025. Current period originations may include modifications.
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
20252024202320222021PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Farmland
Risk rating
Pass$3,132 $124 $1,543 $4,955 $6,183 $6,605 $500 $— $23,042 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— 164 — 4,783 — 435 — — 5,382 
Total$3,132 $288 $1,543 $9,738 $6,183 $7,040 $500 $— $28,424 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties
Risk rating
Pass$44,697 $85,106 $80,838 $128,695 $116,378 $147,668 $11,033 $— $614,415 
Special mention53 — 578 239 242 429 538 — 2,079 
Substandard— 14,694 2,165 1,242 696 3,697 172 — 22,666 
Total$44,750 $99,800 $83,581 $130,176 $117,316 $151,794 $11,743 $— $639,160 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $1,516 $— $— $— $— $1,516 
Agricultural production and other loans to farmers
Risk rating
Pass$85 $4,864 $426 $10 $12 $28 $594 $— $6,019 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Total$85 $4,864 $426 $10 $12 $28 $594 $— $6,019 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Loans to depository institutions
Risk rating
Pass$— $7,376 $— $— $— $— $— $— $7,376 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Total$— $7,376 $— $— $— $— $— $— $7,376 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial and Industrial
Risk rating
Pass$118,480 $115,716 $40,321 $75,182 $46,223 $32,907 $267,920 $— $696,749 
Special mention— 238 806 2,253 1,521 25 3,346 — 8,189 
Substandard2,424 302 3,979 10,683 44 1,016 39,350 — 57,798 
Total$120,904 $116,256 $45,106 $88,118 $47,788 $33,948 $310,616 $— $762,736 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $85 $— $26 $101 $645 $31 $888 
Obligations (other than securities and leases) of states and political subdivisions
Risk rating
Pass$937 $6,621 $30,106 $19,050 $39,853 $75,986 $4,570 $— $177,123 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Total$937 $6,621 $30,106 $19,050 $39,853 $75,986 $4,570 $— $177,123 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
20252024202320222021PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Other loans
Risk rating
Pass$23,571 $911 $2,928 $12,124 $4,542 $1,408 $2,493 $— $47,977 
Special mention— — — — — — 1,150 — 1,150 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Total$23,571 $911 $2,928 $12,124 $4,542 $1,408 $3,643 $— $49,127 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans
Risk rating
Pass$83,896 $130,942 $70,202 $48,668 $7,167 $2,896 $5,866 $— $349,637 
Special mention10,115 — 19,545 — — — — — 29,660 
Substandard— 2,434 — 155 — 1,387 — — 3,976 
Total$94,011 $133,376 $89,747 $48,823 $7,167 $4,283 $5,866 $— $383,273 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties
Risk rating
Pass$122,517 $48,980 $86,226 $298,774 $89,032 $70,622 $2,799 $— $718,950 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard5,744 55 182 — — — — — 5,981 
Total$128,261 $49,035 $86,408 $298,774 $89,032 $70,622 $2,799 $— $724,931 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $1,072 $— $— $— $— $1,072 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties
Risk rating
Pass$121,040 $178,590 $271,526 $392,745 $235,886 $183,915 $5,431 $— $1,389,133 
Special mention— 394 56 208 — 320 414 — 1,392 
Substandard— 13,261 726 475 — 4,650 — — 19,112 
Total$121,040 $192,245 $272,308 $393,428 $235,886 $188,885 $5,845 $— $1,409,637 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
The following tables detail the amortized cost of loans receivable, by year of origination (for term loans) and by risk grade within each portfolio segment as of December 31, 2024. Current period originations may include modifications.
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Farmland
Risk rating
Pass$265 $3,165 $6,756 $6,477 $1,436 $6,662 $410 $— $25,171 
Special mention— — 5,267 — — — — — 5,267 
Substandard170 — — — — 491 — — 661 
Total$435 $3,165 $12,023 $6,477 $1,436 $7,153 $410 $— $31,099 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Owner-occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties
Risk rating
Pass$74,692 $62,609 $114,980 $98,469 $39,931 $90,249 $10,868 $— $491,798 
Special mention— — — 254 — 527 508 — 1,289 
Substandard14,181 1,114 4,370 696 — 1,507 253 — 22,121 
Total$88,873 $63,723 $119,350 $99,419 $39,931 $92,283 $11,629 $— $515,208 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $750 $— $— $698 $— $— $1,448 
Agricultural production and other loans to farmers
Risk rating
Pass$5,072 $473 $18 $26 $40 $148 $715 $— $6,492 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Total$5,072 $473 $18 $26 $40 $148 $715 $— $6,492 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial and Industrial
Risk rating
Pass$148,569 $44,080 $104,613 $63,646 $24,511 $18,771 $249,949 $— $654,139 
Special mention7 55 139 424 61 32 3,603 — 4,321 
Substandard845 5,145 10,988 1,461 49 1,935 39,892 — 60,315 
Total$149,421 $49,280 $115,740 $65,531 $24,621 $20,738 $293,444 $— $718,775 
Current period gross write offs$— $301 $116 $537 $1 $43 $1,428 $— $2,426 
Obligations (other than securities and leases) of states and political subdivisions
Risk rating
Pass$7,999 $24,754 $15,756 $30,419 $11,411 $45,882 $4,209 $— $140,430 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Total$7,999 $24,754 $15,756 $30,419 $11,411 $45,882 $4,209 $— $140,430 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Other loans
Risk rating
Pass$2,134 $3,382 $12,291 $4,602 $1,341 $274 $4,086 $— $28,110 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — — — — — 
Total$2,134 $3,382 $12,291 $4,602 $1,341 $274 $4,086 $— $28,110 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Other construction loans and all land development and other land loans
Risk rating
Pass$112,919 $58,596 $99,268 $3,141 $749 $1,875 $4,918 $— $281,466 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— — — — — 1,446 — — 1,446 
Total$112,919 $58,596 $99,268 $3,141 $749 $3,321 $4,918 $— $282,912 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $11 $11 
Multifamily (5 or more) residential properties
Risk rating
Pass$46,905 $49,880 $173,994 $67,500 $20,706 $25,037 $1,924 $— $385,946 
Special mention— — — — — — — — — 
Substandard— 2,107 20,392 — 2,701 — — — 25,200 
Total$46,905 $51,987 $194,386 $67,500 $23,407 $25,037 $1,924 $— $411,146 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Non-owner occupied, nonfarm nonresidential properties
Risk rating
Pass$141,083 $190,123 $320,047 $183,621 $38,309 $127,515 $7,809 $— $1,008,507 
Special mention1,962 — 212 2,003 — 349 421 — 4,947 
Substandard11,469 762 689 — 5,225 1,942 — — 20,087 
Total$154,514 $190,885 $320,948 $185,624 $43,534 $129,806 $8,230 $— $1,033,541 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $33 $296 $— $625 $20 $— $974 

The Corporation considers the performance of the loan portfolio and its impact on the allowance for credit losses. For 1-4 family construction, home equity lines of credit, residential mortgages secured by first liens, residential mortgages secured by junior liens, automobile, credit cards, other revolving credit plans and other consumer segments, the Corporation evaluates credit quality based on the performance status of the loan, which was previously presented, and by payment activity. Nonperforming loans include loans receivable on nonaccrual status and loans receivable past due over 89 days and still accruing interest.

September 30, 2025December 31, 2024
PerformingNonperformingTotalPerformingNonperformingTotal
1-4 Family Construction$47,631 $— $47,631 $26,431 $— $26,431 
Home equity lines of credit228,782 1,658 230,440 165,490 837 166,327 
Residential Mortgages secured by first liens1,723,230 10,283 1,733,513 1,003,653 9,093 1,012,746 
Residential Mortgages secured by junior liens139,414 369 139,783 106,191 271 106,462 
Other revolving credit plans43,635 31 43,666 40,941 154 41,095 
Automobile18,395 64 18,459 20,895 66 20,961 
Other consumer51,737 719 52,456 53,072 749 53,821 
Total$2,252,824 $13,124 $2,265,948 $1,416,673 $11,170 $1,427,843 
The following tables detail the amortized cost of loans receivable, by year of origination (for term loans) and by payment activity within each portfolio segment as of September 30, 2025. Current period originations may include modifications.
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
20252024202320222021PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
1-4 Family Construction
Payment performance
Performing$15,131 $29,437 $2,937 $— $— $126 $— $— $47,631 
Nonperforming— — — — — — — — — 
Total$15,131 $29,437 $2,937 $— $— $126 $— $— $47,631 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Home equity lines of credit
Payment performance
Performing$48,175 $48,230 $27,562 $30,815 $10,971 $42,293 $13,487 $7,249 $228,782 
Nonperforming— — 47 — — 67 — 1,544 1,658 
Total$48,175 $48,230 $27,609 $30,815 $10,971 $42,360 $13,487 $8,793 $230,440 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $70 $— $— $70 
Residential mortgages secured by first lien
Payment performance
Performing$121,005 $175,424 $197,801 $356,110 $284,676 $585,784 $2,430 $— $1,723,230 
Nonperforming35 195 3,150 2,105 1,154 3,644 — — 10,283 
Total$121,040 $175,619 $200,951 $358,215 $285,830 $589,428 $2,430 $— $1,733,513 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $32 $21 $— $— $53 
Residential mortgages secured by junior liens
Payment performance
Performing$21,098 $33,756 $26,477 $28,223 $12,082 $16,372 $1,406 $— $139,414 
Nonperforming— 18 136 32 114 31 38 — 369 
Total$21,098 $33,774 $26,613 $28,255 $12,196 $16,403 $1,444 $— $139,783 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Other revolving credit plans
Payment performance
Performing$7,944 $5,252 $5,912 $6,563 $2,693 $15,271 $— $— $43,635 
Nonperforming— — 2 — 5 24 — — 31 
Total$7,944 $5,252 $5,914 $6,563 $2,698 $15,295 $— $— $43,666 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $4 $4 $3 $63 $— $— $74 
Automobile
Payment performance
Performing$4,316 $4,434 $5,883 $2,398 $466 $898 $— $— $18,395 
Nonperforming20 — 20 22 — 2 — — 64 
Total$4,336 $4,434 $5,903 $2,420 $466 $900 $— $— $18,459 
Current period gross write offs$— $11 $16 $— $— $— $— $— $27 
Other consumer
Payment performance
Performing$17,996 $17,544 $8,048 $3,086 $1,399 $3,664 $— $— $51,737 
Nonperforming62 335 169 72 49 32 — — 719 
Total$18,058 $17,879 $8,217 $3,158 $1,448 $3,696 $— $— $52,456 
Current period gross write offs$25 $828 $567 $147 $59 $13 $— $— $1,639 
The following tables detail the amortized cost of loans receivable, by year of origination (for term loans) and by payment activity within each portfolio segment as of December 31, 2024.
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving Loans Amortized Cost BasisRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
1-4 Family Construction
Payment performance
Performing$21,411 $3,717 $1,254 $— $— $49 $— $— $26,431 
Nonperforming— — — — — — — — — 
Total$21,411 $3,717 $1,254 $— $— $49 $— $— $26,431 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Home equity lines of credit
Payment performance
Performing$44,573 $28,211 $30,557 $9,440 $8,106 $30,649 $7,993 $5,961 $165,490 
Nonperforming— 50 — — — — — 787 837 
Total$44,573 $28,261 $30,557 $9,440 $8,106 $30,649 $7,993 $6,748 $166,327 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Residential mortgages secured by first lien
Payment performance
Performing$106,278 $135,898 $224,633 $177,756 $128,924 $226,926 $3,238 $— $1,003,653 
Nonperforming363 2,494 1,657 1,305 839 2,435 — — 9,093 
Total$106,641 $138,392 $226,290 $179,061 $129,763 $229,361 $3,238 $— $1,012,746 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $79 $— $— $79 
Residential mortgages secured by junior liens
Payment performance
Performing$32,777 $22,256 $22,931 $11,769 $5,695 $9,465 $1,298 $— $106,191 
Nonperforming19 40 34 123 — 16 39 — 271 
Total$32,796 $22,296 $22,965 $11,892 $5,695 $9,481 $1,337 $— $106,462 
Current period gross write offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Other revolving credit plans
Payment performance
Performing$10,454 $5,556 $6,898 $2,163 $5,366 $10,504 $— $— $40,941 
Nonperforming— — 27 6 — 121 — — 154 
Total$10,454 $5,556 $6,925 $2,169 $5,366 $10,625 $— $— $41,095 
Current period gross write offs$— $9 $— $41 $25 $81 $— $— $156 
Automobile
Payment performance
Performing$5,794 $8,504 $3,975 $1,149 $664 $809 $— $— $20,895 
Nonperforming— 15 47 — 4 — — — 66 
Total$5,794 $8,519 $4,022 $1,149 $668 $809 $— $— $20,961 
Current period gross write offs$22 $93 $7 $14 $6 $4 $— $— $146 
Other consumer
Payment performance
Performing$27,727 $13,090 $5,344 $2,432 $2,162 $2,317 $— $— $53,072 
Nonperforming219 368 82 67 8 5 — — 749 
Total$27,946 $13,458 $5,426 $2,499 $2,170 $2,322 $— $— $53,821 
Current period gross write offs$133 $1,141 $630 $154 $24 $12 $— $— $2,094 
 September 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Credit card
Payment performance
Performing$13,615 $12,981 
Nonperforming86 162 
Total$13,701 $13,143 
Current period gross write offs$312 $143 

Holiday's loan portfolio, included in other consumer loans above, is summarized as follows at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

September 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Gross other consumer$15,467 $27,261 
Less: other consumer unearned discounts(2,046)(4,772)
Total other consumer loans, net of unearned discounts$13,421 $22,489