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LOANS, NET | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2018
Receivables [Abstract] |
LOANS, NET | NOTE 3 – LOANS, NET Loan Portfolio Composition. The composition of the loan portfolio was as foll ows:
(Dollars in Thousands) | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural | $ | 239,044 |  | $ | 218,166
Real Estate – Construction |  | 87,672 |  |  | 77,966
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | 596,391 |  |  | 535,707
Real Estate – Residential(1) |  | 342,063 |  |  | 311,906
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | 212,942 |  |  | 229,513
Consumer(2) |  | 295,642 |  |  | 280,234
| Loans, Net of Unearned Income | $ | 1,773,754 |  | $ | 1,653,492
(1) Includes loans in process with outstanding balances of $10.1 million and $9.1 million at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Net deferred costs included in loans were $1.6 million at September 30, 2018 and $1.5 million at December 31, 2017. The Company has pledged a blanket floating lien on all 1-4 family residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate mortgage loans, and home equity loans to support available borrowing capacity at the FHLB and has pledged a blanket floating lien on all consumer loans, commercial loans, and construction loans to support available borrowing capacity at the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. Nonaccrual Loans. Loans are generally placed on nonaccrual status if principal or interest payments become 90 days past due and/or management deem s the collectability of the principal and/or interest to be doubtful. Loans are returned to accrual status when the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current or when future payments are reasonably assured. The following table p resents the recorded investment in nonaccrual loans and loans past due over 90 days and still on accrual by class of loans.
| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
(Dollars in Thousands) | Nonaccrual |  | 90 + Days |  | Nonaccrual |  | 90 + Days
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural | $ | 338 |  | $ | - |  | $ | 629 |  | $ | -
Real Estate – Construction |  | 1,098 |  |  | - |  |  | 297 |  |  | -
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | 2,316 |  |  | 126 |  |  | 2,370 |  |  | -
Real Estate – Residential |  | 2,140 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,938 |  |  | -
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | 902 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,748 |  |  | -
Consumer |  | 73 |  |  | - |  |  | 177 |  |  | 36
Total Nonaccrual Loans | $ | 6,867 |  | $ | 126 |  | $ | 7,159 |  | $ | 36
Loan Portfolio Aging. A loan is defined as a past due loan when one full payment is past due or a contractual maturity is over 30 days past due (“DPD”). The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in accruing past due loans by class of loans.
| 30-59 |  | 60-89 |  | 90 + |  | Total |  | Total |  | Total
(Dollars in Thousands) | DPD |  | DPD |  | DPD |  | Past Due |  | Current |  | Loans(1)
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural | $ | 71 |  | $ | 65 |  | $ | - |  | $ | 136 |  | $ | 238,570 |  | $ | 239,044
Real Estate – Construction |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 86,574 |  |  | 87,672
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | 280 |  |  | 176 |  |  | 126 |  |  | 582 |  |  | 593,493 |  |  | 596,391
Real Estate – Residential |  | 613 |  |  | 727 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,340 |  |  | 338,583 |  |  | 342,063
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | 354 |  |  | 76 |  |  | - |  |  | 430 |  |  | 211,610 |  |  | 212,942
Consumer |  | 1,059 |  |  | 263 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,322 |  |  | 294,247 |  |  | 295,642
Total Past Due Loans | $ | 2,377 |  | $ | 1,307 |  | $ | 126 |  | $ | 3,810 |  | $ | 1,763,077 |  | $ | 1,773,754
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural | $ | 87 |  | $ | 55 |  | $ | - |  | $ | 142 |  | $ | 217,395 |  | $ | 218,166
Real Estate – Construction |  | 811 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 811 |  |  | 76,858 |  |  | 77,966
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | 437 |  |  | 195 |  |  | - |  |  | 632 |  |  | 532,705 |  |  | 535,707
Real Estate – Residential |  | 701 |  |  | 446 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,147 |  |  | 308,821 |  |  | 311,906
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | 80 |  |  | 2 |  |  | - |  |  | 82 |  |  | 227,683 |  |  | 229,513
Consumer |  | 1,316 |  |  | 413 |  |  | 36 |  |  | 1,765 |  |  | 278,292 |  |  | 280,234
Total Past Due Loans | $ | 3,432 |  | $ | 1,111 |  | $ | 36 |  | $ | 4,579 |  | $ | 1,641,754 |  | $ | 1,653,492
(1) Total Loans include nonaccrual loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is a reserve established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense, which represents management’s best estimate of incurred losses within the existing portfolio of loans. Loans are charged-off to the allowance when losses are deemed to be probable and reasonably quantifiable. The following table details the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio class. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of lo ans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories.
|  | Commercial, |  |  |  |  | Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Financial, |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial |  | Real Estate |  | Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in Thousands) | Agricultural |  | Construction |  | Mortgage |  | Residential |  | Home Equity | Consumer |  | Total
Three Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning Balance | $ | 1,214 |  | $ | 283 |  | $ | 4,432 |  | $ | 3,146 |  | $ | 2,294 |  | $ | 2,194 |  | $ | 13,563
| Provision for Loan Losses |  | 388 |  |  | 86 |  |  | (30) |  |  | 50 |  |  | 120 |  |  | 290 |  |  | 904
| Charge-Offs |  | (268) |  |  | - |  |  | (25) |  |  | (106) |  |  | (112) |  |  | (463) |  |  | (974)
| Recoveries |  | 78 |  |  | - |  |  | 222 |  |  | 107 |  |  | 47 |  |  | 272 |  |  | 726
| Net Charge-Offs |  | (190) |  |  | - |  |  | 197 |  |  | 1 |  |  | (65) |  |  | (191) |  |  | (248)
Ending Balance | $ | 1,412 |  | $ | 369 |  | $ | 4,599 |  | $ | 3,197 |  | $ | 2,349 |  | $ | 2,293 |  | $ | 14,219
Nine Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning Balance | $ | 1,191 |  | $ | 122 |  | $ | 4,346 |  | $ | 3,206 |  | $ | 2,506 |  | $ | 1,936 |  | $ | 13,307
| Provision for Loan Losses |  | 481 |  |  | 253 |  |  | 208 |  |  | 123 |  |  | 140 |  |  | 1,259 |  |  | 2,464
| Charge-Offs |  | (591) |  |  | (7) |  |  | (315) |  |  | (669) |  |  | (427) |  |  | (1,667) |  |  | (3,676)
| Recoveries |  | 331 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 360 |  |  | 537 |  |  | 130 |  |  | 765 |  |  | 2,124
| Net Charge-Offs |  | (260) |  |  | (6) |  |  | 45 |  |  | (132) |  |  | (297) |  |  | (902) |  |  | (1,552)
Ending Balance | $ | 1,412 |  | $ | 369 |  | $ | 4,599 |  | $ | 3,197 |  | $ | 2,349 |  | $ | 2,293 |  | $ | 14,219
Three Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning Balance | $ | 1,095 |  | $ | 114 |  | $ | 3,825 |  | $ | 3,384 |  | $ | 2,524 |  | $ | 2,300 |  | $ | 13,242
| Provision for Loan Losses |  | 208 |  |  | (26) |  |  | 286 |  |  | (32) |  |  | (103) |  |  | 157 |  |  | 490
| Charge-Offs |  | (276) |  |  | - |  |  | (94) |  |  | (125) |  |  | (50) |  |  | (455) |  |  | (1,000)
| Recoveries |  | 79 |  |  | 50 |  |  | 69 |  |  | 60 |  |  | 84 |  |  | 265 |  |  | 607
| Net Charge-Offs |  | (197) |  |  | 50 |  |  | (25) |  |  | (65) |  |  | 34 |  |  | (190) |  |  | (393)
Ending Balance | $ | 1,106 |  | $ | 138 |  | $ | 4,086 |  | $ | 3,287 |  | $ | 2,455 |  | $ | 2,267 |  | $ | 13,339
Nine Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning Balance | $ | 1,198 |  | $ | 168 |  | $ | 4,315 |  | $ | 3,445 |  | $ | 2,297 |  | $ | 2,008 |  | $ | 13,431
| Provision for Loan Losses |  | 401 |  |  | (80) |  |  | 264 |  |  | (348) |  |  | 148 |  |  | 1,004 |  |  | 1,389
| Charge-Offs |  | (693) |  |  | - |  |  | (643) |  |  | (285) |  |  | (142) |  |  | (1,616) |  |  | (3,379)
| Recoveries |  | 200 |  |  | 50 |  |  | 150 |  |  | 475 |  |  | 152 |  |  | 871 |  |  | 1,898
| Net Charge-Offs |  | (493) |  |  | 50 |  |  | (493) |  |  | 190 |  |  | 10 |  |  | (745) |  |  | (1,481)
Ending Balance | $ | 1,106 |  | $ | 138 |  | $ | 4,086 |  | $ | 3,287 |  | $ | 2,455 |  | $ | 2,267 |  | $ | 13,339
The following table details the amount of the allowance for loan losses by portfolio class disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology.
| Commercial, |  |  |  |  | Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Financial, |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial |  | Real Estate |  | Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in Thousands | Agricultural |  | Construction |  | Mortgage |  | Residential |  | Home Equity | Consumer |  | Total
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Period-end amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allocated to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans Individually |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Evaluated for Impairment | $ | 185 |  | $ | 181 |  | $ | 1,719 |  | $ | 954 |  | $ | 357 |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | 3,397
Loans Collectively |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Evaluated for Impairment |  | 1,227 |  |  | 188 |  |  | 2,880 |  |  | 2,243 |  |  | 1,992 |  |  | 2,292 |  |  | 10,822
Ending Balance | $ | 1,412 |  | $ | 369 |  | $ | 4,599 |  | $ | 3,197 |  | $ | 2,349 |  | $ | 2,293 |  | $ | 14,219
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Period-end amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allocated to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans Individually |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Evaluated for Impairment | $ | 215 |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | 2,165 |  | $ | 1,220 |  | $ | 515 |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | 4,117
Loans Collectively |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Evaluated for Impairment |  | 976 |  |  | 121 |  |  | 2,181 |  |  | 1,986 |  |  | 1,991 |  |  | 1,935 |  |  | 9,190
Ending Balance | $ | 1,191 |  | $ | 122 |  | $ | 4,346 |  | $ | 3,206 |  | $ | 2,506 |  | $ | 1,936 |  | $ | 13,307
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Period-end amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allocated to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans Individually |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Evaluated for Impairment | $ | 88 |  | $ | 24 |  | $ | 1,846 |  | $ | 1,196 |  | $ | 454 |  | $ | 3 |  | $ | 3,611
Loans Collectively |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Evaluated for Impairment |  | 1,018 |  |  | 114 |  |  | 2,240 |  |  | 2,091 |  |  | 2,001 |  |  | 2,264 |  |  | 9,728
Ending Balance | $ | 1,106 |  | $ | 138 |  | $ | 4,086 |  | $ | 3,287 |  | $ | 2,455 |  | $ | 2,267 |  | $ | 13,339
The Company’s recorded investment in loans related to each balance in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio class and disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology was as follows:
|  | Commercial, |  |  |  |  | Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Financial, |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial |  | Real Estate |  | Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in Thousands) | Agricultural |  | Construction | Mortgage |  | Residential |  | Home Equity | Consumer |  | Total
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually Evaluated for |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment | $ | 987 |  | $ | 1,159 |  | $ | 18,572 |  | $ | 11,369 |  | $ | 2,241 |  | $ | 90 |  | $ | 34,418
Collectively Evaluated for |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment |  | 238,057 |  |  | 86,513 |  |  | 577,819 |  |  | 330,694 |  |  | 210,701 |  |  | 295,552 |  |  | 1,739,336
Total | $ | 239,044 |  | $ | 87,672 |  | $ | 596,391 |  | $ | 342,063 |  | $ | 212,942 |  | $ | 295,642 |  | $ | 1,773,754
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually Evaluated for |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment | $ | 1,378 |  | $ | 361 |  | $ | 19,280 |  | $ | 12,871 |  | $ | 3,332 |  | $ | 113 |  | $ | 37,335
Collectively Evaluated for |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment |  | 216,788 |  |  | 77,605 |  |  | 516,427 |  |  | 299,035 |  |  | 226,181 |  |  | 280,121 |  |  | 1,616,157
Total | $ | 218,166 |  | $ | 77,966 |  | $ | 535,707 |  | $ | 311,906 |  | $ | 229,513 |  | $ | 280,234 |  | $ | 1,653,492
September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually Evaluated for |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment | $ | 847 |  | $ | 363 |  | $ | 20,716 |  | $ | 13,258 |  | $ | 2,915 |  | $ | 132 |  | $ | 38,231
Collectively Evaluated for |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment |  | 215,116 |  |  | 67,450 |  |  | 506,615 |  |  | 302,325 |  |  | 225,584 |  |  | 275,017 |  |  | 1,592,107
Total | $ | 215,963 |  | $ | 67,813 |  | $ | 527,331 |  | $ | 315,583 |  | $ | 228,499 |  | $ | 275,149 |  | $ | 1,630,338
Impaired Loans. Loans are deemed to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due (principal and interest payments), according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Loans, for which the terms have been modified, and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered troubled debt restructurings and classified as impaired. The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans.
|  | Unpaid |  | Recorded |  | Recorded |  |  |
|  | Principal |  | Investment |  | Investment |  | Related
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Balance |  | With No Allowance | With Allowance |  | Allowance
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural |  | $ | 987 |  | $ | 105 |  | $ | 882 |  | $ | 185
Real Estate – Construction |  |  | 1,159 |  |  | 61 |  |  | 1,098 |  |  | 181
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  |  | 18,572 |  |  | 2,071 |  |  | 16,501 |  |  | 1,719
Real Estate – Residential |  |  | 11,369 |  |  | 1,914 |  |  | 9,455 |  |  | 954
Real Estate – Home Equity |  |  | 2,241 |  |  | 719 |  |  | 1,522 |  |  | 357
Consumer |  |  | 90 |  |  | 51 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 1
Total |  | $ | 34,418 |  | $ | 4,921 |  | $ | 29,497 |  | $ | 3,397
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural |  | $ | 1,378 |  | $ | 118 |  | $ | 1,260 |  | $ | 215
Real Estate – Construction |  |  | 361 |  |  | 297 |  |  | 64 |  |  | 1
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  |  | 19,280 |  |  | 1,763 |  |  | 17,517 |  |  | 2,165
Real Estate – Residential |  |  | 12,871 |  |  | 1,516 |  |  | 11,355 |  |  | 1,220
Real Estate – Home Equity |  |  | 3,332 |  |  | 1,157 |  |  | 2,175 |  |  | 515
Consumer |  |  | 113 |  |  | 45 |  |  | 68 |  |  | 1
Total |  | $ | 37,335 |  | $ | 4,896 |  | $ | 32,439 |  | $ | 4,117
The following table summarizes the average recorded investment and interest income recognized by class of impaired loans.
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
|  | Average |  | Total |  | Average |  | Total |  | Average |  | Total |  | Average |  | Total
|  | Recorded |  | Interest |  | Recorded |  | Interest |  | Recorded |  | Interest |  | Recorded |  | Interest
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Investment |  | Income |  | Investment |  | Income |  | Investment |  | Income |  | Investment |  | Income
Commercial, Financial and |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Agricultural |  | $ | 1,040 |  | $ | 19 |  | $ | 963 |  | $ | 12 |  | $ | 1,185 |  | $ | 69 |  | $ | 1,051 |  | $ | 35
Real Estate – Construction |  |  | 915 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 363 |  |  | - |  |  | 716 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 334 |  |  | 2
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  |  | 18,470 |  |  | 167 |  |  | 21,109 |  |  | 219 |  |  | 18,666 |  |  | 511 |  |  | 22,283 |  |  | 662
Real Estate – Residential |  |  | 11,393 |  |  | 133 |  |  | 14,068 |  |  | 162 |  |  | 12,215 |  |  | 417 |  |  | 14,608 |  |  | 516
Real Estate – Home Equity |  |  | 2,415 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 3,114 |  |  | 28 |  |  | 2,840 |  |  | 74 |  |  | 3,280 |  |  | 81
Consumer |  |  | 92 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 136 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 102 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 148 |  |  | 6
Total |  | $ | 34,325 |  | $ | 346 |  | $ | 39,753 |  | $ | 423 |  | $ | 35,724 |  | $ | 1,080 |  | $ | 41,704 |  | $ | 1,302
Credit Risk Management. The Company has adopted comprehensive lending policies, underwriting standards and loan review procedures designed to maximize loan income within an acceptable level of risk. Management and the Board of Directors review and approve these policies and pr ocedures on a regular basis (at least annually). Reporting systems are used to monitor loan originations, loan quality, concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies and nonperforming loans and potential problem loans. Management and th e Credit Risk Oversight Committee periodically review our lines of business to monitor asset quality trends and the appropriateness of credit policies. In addition, total borrower exposure limits are established and concentration risk is monitored. As pa rt of this process, the overall composition of the portfolio is reviewed to gauge diversification of risk, client concentrations, industry group, loan type, geographic area, or other relevant classifications of loans. Specific segments of the loan portfol io are monitored and reported to the Board on a quarterly basis and have strategic plans in place to supplement Board approved credit policies governing exposure limits and underwriting standards. Detailed below are the types of loans within the Company’s loan portfolio and risk characteristics unique to each. Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural – Loans in this category are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower with consideration given to underlying collateral and person al or other guarantees. Lending policy establishes debt service coverage ratio limits that require a borrower’s cash flow to be sufficient to cover principal and interest payments on all new and existing debt. The majority of these loans are secured by t he assets being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable, inventory, or equipment. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. Loan to value ratios at origination are governed by established po licy guidelines. Real Estate Construction – Loans in this category consist of short-term construction loans, revolving and non-revolving credit lines and construction/permanent loans made to individuals and investors to finance the acquisition, developm ent, construction or rehabilitation of real property. These loans are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower or project and generally secured by the property being financed, including 1-4 family residential properties and commercial properties that are either owner-occupied or investment in nature. These properties may include either vacant or improved property. Construction loans are generally based upon estimates of costs and value associated with the completed project. Collater al values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. Loan to value ratios at origination are governed by established policy guidelines. The disbursement of funds for construction loans is made in relation to the progress of the pro ject and as such these loans are closely monitored by on-site inspections. Real Estate Commercial Mortgage – Loans in this category consists of commercial mortgage loans secured by property that is either owner-occupied or investment in nature. T hese loans are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower or project with consideration given to underlying real estate collateral and personal guarantees. Lending policy establishes debt service coverage ratios and loan to value ratios specific to the property type. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. Real Estate Residential – Residential mortgage loans held in the Company’s loan portfolio are made to borrowers that demonstrate the ab ility to make scheduled payments with full consideration to underwriting factors such as current income, employment status, current assets, and other financial resources, credit history, and the value of the collateral. Collateral consists of mortgage lie ns on 1-4 family residential properties. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. The Company does not originate sub-prime loans. Real Estate Home Equity – Home equity loans and lines are made to qualified in dividuals for legitimate purposes generally secured by senior or junior mortgage liens on owner-occupied 1-4 family homes or vacation homes. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income and debt ratio requiremen ts and combined loan to value ratios within established policy guidelines. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. Consumer Loans – This loan portfolio includes personal installment loans, direct and indirec t automobile financing, and overdraft lines of credit. The majority of the consumer loan portfolio consists of indirect and direct automobile loans. Lending policy establishes maximum debt to income ratios, minimum credit scores, and includes guidelines for verification of applicants’ income and receipt of credit reports. Credit Quality Indicators. As part of the ongoing monitoring of the Company’s loan portfolio quality, management categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment performance, credit documentation, and current economic/market trends, among other factors. Risk ratings are assigned to each loan and revised as needed through established monitoring procedures for individual loan relationships over a predetermined amount and review of smaller balance homogenous loan pools. The Company uses the definitions noted below for categorizing and managing its criticized loans. Loans categorized as “Pass” do not meet the criteria set forth for the Special Mention, Substandard, or Doubtful categories and are not considered criticized. Special Mention – Loans in this category are presently protected from loss, but weaknesses are apparent which, if not corrected, could cause future problems. Loans in this category may not meet required underwriting criteria and have no mitigating factors. More than the ordinary amount of attention is warranted for these loans. Substandard – Loans in this category exhibit well-defined weaknesses that would typically bring normal repayment into jeopardy. These loans are no longer adequately protected due to well-defined weaknesses that affect the repayment capacity of the borrower. The possibility of loss is much more evident and above average supervision is required for these loans. Doubtful – Loans in this category have all the weaknesses inherent in a loan categorized as Substandard, with the characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. The following table presents the risk category of loans by segment.
|  | Commercial, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Financial, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Total Criticized
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Agriculture |  | Real Estate |  | Consumer |  | Loans
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Special Mention |  | $ | 357 |  | $ | 12,674 |  | $ | 56 |  | $ | 13,087
Substandard |  |  | 594 |  |  | 26,058 |  |  | 386 |  |  | 27,038
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | -
Total Criticized Loans |  | $ | 951 |  | $ | 38,732 |  | $ | 442 |  | $ | 40,125
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Special Mention |  | $ | 7,879 |  | $ | 13,324 |  | $ | 65 |  | $ | 21,268
Substandard |  |  | 1,057 |  |  | 29,291 |  |  | 654 |  |  | 31,002
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | -
Total Criticized Loans |  | $ | 8,936 |  | $ | 42,615 |  | $ | 719 |  | $ | 52,270
Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”). TDRs are loans in which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the Company has granted an economic concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. In these instances, as part of a work-out alternative, the Company will make concessions including the extension of the loan term, a principal moratorium, a reduction in the interest rate, or a combination thereof. The impact of the TDR modifications and defaults are factored into the al lowance for loan losses on a loan-by-loan basis as all TDRs are, by definition, impaired loans. Thus, specific reserves are established based upon the results of either a discounted cash flow analysis or the underlying collateral value, if the loan is dee med to be collateral dependent. A TDR classification can be removed if the borrower’s financial condition improves such that the borrower is no longer in financial difficulty, the loan has not had any forgiveness of principal or interest, and the loan is subsequently refinanced or restructured at market terms and qualifies as a new loan. The following table presents loans classified as TDRs.
|  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Accruing |  | Nonaccruing |  | Accruing |  | Nonaccruing
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural |  | $ | 650 |  | $ | 219 |  | $ | 822 |  | $ | -
Real Estate – Construction |  |  | 61 |  |  | - |  |  | 64 |  |  | -
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  |  | 15,847 |  |  | 1,226 |  |  | 17,058 |  |  | 1,636
Real Estate – Residential |  |  | 9,980 |  |  | 1,120 |  |  | 11,666 |  |  | 503
Real Estate – Home Equity |  |  | 2,033 |  |  | 97 |  |  | 2,441 |  |  | 186
Consumer |  |  | 90 |  |  | - |  |  | 113 |  |  | -
Total TDRs |  | $ | 28,661 |  | $ | 2,662 |  | $ | 32,164 |  | $ | 2,325
Loans classified as TDRs during the periods indicated are presented in the table below. The modifications made during the reporting period involved either an extension of the loan term, an interest rate adjustment, or a principal moratorium, and the financial impact of these m odifications was not material.
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2018
|  |  |  | Pre- |  | Post- |  |  |  | Pre- |  | Post-
|  | Number |  | Modified |  | Modified |  | Number |  | Modified |  | Modified
|  | of |  | Recorded |  | Recorded |  | of |  | Recorded |  | Recorded
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Contracts |  | Investment |  | Investment |  | Contracts |  | Investment |  | Investment
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural |  | - |  | $ | - |  | $ | - |  | 1 |  | $ | 498 |  | $ | 230
Real Estate – Construction |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | -
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | 1 |  |  | 227 |  |  | 228
Real Estate – Residential |  | 1 |  |  | 72 |  |  | 76 |  | 2 |  |  | 105 |  |  | 108
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | 1 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 27
Consumer |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | -
Total TDRs |  | 1 |  | $ | 72 |  | $ | 76 |  | 5 |  | $ | 857 |  | $ | 593
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2017 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | Pre- |  | Post- |  |  |  | Pre- |  | Post-
|  | Number |  | Modified |  | Modified |  | Number |  | Modified |  | Modified
|  | of |  | Recorded |  | Recorded |  | of |  | Recorded |  | Recorded
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Contracts |  | Investment |  | Investment |  | Contracts |  | Investment |  | Investment
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural |  | 1 |  | $ | 32 |  | $ | 22 |  | 1 |  | $ | 32 |  | $ | 22
Real Estate – Construction |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | 1 |  |  | 64 |  |  | 65
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | 1 |  |  | 160 |  |  | 70 |  | 1 |  |  | 160 |  |  | 70
Real Estate – Residential |  | 1 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 102 |  | 2 |  |  | 316 |  |  | 283
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | 3 |  |  | 149 |  |  | 147 |  | 4 |  |  | 205 |  |  | 203
Consumer |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | -
Total TDRs |  | 6 |  | $ | 442 |  | $ | 341 |  | 9 |  | $ | 777 |  | $ | 643
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the loans modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months that have substantially defaulted are presented below. For the three and nine month period ended September 30, 2017, there were no loans modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months that have substantially defaulted.
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2018
|  | Number |  | Post-Modified |  | Number |  | Post-Modified
|  | of |  | Recorded |  | of |  | Recorded
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1) |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1)
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural |  | - |  | $ | - |  | - |  | $ | -
Real Estate – Construction |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | -
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | - |  |  | - |  | 1 |  |  | 64
Real Estate – Residential |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | -
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | -
Consumer |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | -
Total TDRs |  | - |  | $ | - |  | 1 |  | $ | 64
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2017 |  | 2017
|  | Number |  | Post-Modified |  |  | Number |  | Post-Modified |
|  | of |  | Recorded |  |  | of |  | Recorded |
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1) |  |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1) |
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural |  | - |  | $ | - |  |  | - |  | $ | - |
Real Estate – Construction |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Real Estate – Residential |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Consumer |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
The following table provides information on how TDRs were modified during the periods indicated.
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2018
|  | Number of |  | Recorded |  | Number of |  | Recorded
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1) |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1)
Extended amortization |  | 1 |  | $ | 76 |  | 2 |  | $ | 303
Interest rate adjustment |  | - |  |  | - |  | 1 |  |  | 33
Extended amortization and interest rate adjustment |  | - |  |  | - |  | 1 |  |  | 27
Principal moratorium |  | - |  |  | - |  | 1 |  |  | 230
Total TDRs |  | 1 |  | $ | 76 |  | 5 |  | $ | 593
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2017 |  | 2017
|  | Number of |  | Recorded |  | Number of |  | Recorded
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1) |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1)
Extended amortization |  | 1 |  | $ | 70 |  | 1 |  | $ | 70
Interest rate adjustment |  | - |  |  | - |  | 3 |  |  | 302
Extended amortization and interest rate adjustment |  | 4 |  |  | 249 |  | 4 |  |  | 249
Other |  | 1 |  |  | 22 |  | 1 |  |  | 22
Total TDRs |  | 6 |  | $ | 341 |  | 9 |  | $ | 643
(1) Recorded investment reflects charge-offs and additional funds advanced at time of restructure, if applicable.

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