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LOANS, NET | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2019
Receivables [Abstract] |
LOANS, NET | NOTE 3 – LOANS, NET Loan Portfolio Composition. The composition of the loan portfolio was as foll ows:
(Dollars in Thousands) | September 30, 2019 |  | December 31, 2018
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural | $ | 259,870 |  | $ | 233,689
Real Estate – Construction |  | 111,358 |  |  | 89,527
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | 610,726 |  |  | 602,061
Real Estate – Residential(1) |  | 368,793 |  |  | 342,215
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | 197,326 |  |  | 210,111
Consumer(2) |  | 279,680 |  |  | 296,622
| Loans, Net of Unearned Income | $ | 1,827,753 |  | $ | 1,774,225
(1) Includes loans in process with outstanding balances of $1 6.8 million and $9.2 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respective ly. (2) Includes overdraft balances of $1.7 million and $1.6 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Net deferred costs, which include premiums on purchased loans, included in loans were $1.8 million at September 30, 2019 and $1.5 million at December 31, 2018. The Company has pledged a blanket floating lien on all 1-4 family residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate mortgage loans, and home equity loans to support available borrowing capacity at the FHLB and has pledged a blanket floating lien on all co nsumer loans, commercial loans, and construction loans to support available borrowing capacity at the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. Nonaccrual Loans. Loans are generally placed on nonaccrual status if principal or interest payments become 90 days past due and/or management deem s the collectability of the principal and/or interest to be doubtful. Loans are returned to accrual status when the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current or when future payments are reasonably assured. The following table p resents the recorded investment in nonaccrual loans and loans past due over 90 days and still on accrual by class of loans.
| September 30, 2019 |  | December 31, 2018
(Dollars in Thousands) | Nonaccrual |  | 90 + Days |  | Nonaccrual |  | 90 + Days
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural | $ | 324 |  | $ | - |  | $ | 267 |  | $ | -
Real Estate – Construction |  | 158 |  |  | - |  |  | 722 |  |  | -
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | 2,159 |  |  | - |  |  | 2,860 |  |  | -
Real Estate – Residential |  | 1,059 |  |  | - |  |  | 2,119 |  |  | -
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | 894 |  |  | - |  |  | 584 |  |  | -
Consumer |  | 334 |  |  | - |  |  | 320 |  |  | -
Total Nonaccrual Loans | $ | 4,928 |  | $ | - |  | $ | 6,872 |  | $ | -
Loan Portfolio Aging. A loan is defined as a past due loan when one full payment is past due or a contractual maturity is over 30 days past due (“DPD”). The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in accruing past due loans by class of loans.
| 30-59 |  | 60-89 |  | 90 + |  | Total |  | Total |  | Total
(Dollars in Thousands) | DPD |  | DPD |  | DPD |  | Past Due |  | Current |  | Loans(1)
September 30, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural | $ | 601 |  | $ | 185 |  | $ | - |  | $ | 786 |  | $ | 258,760 |  | $ | 259,870
Real Estate – Construction |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 111,200 |  |  | 111,358
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | 660 |  |  | 103 |  |  | - |  |  | 763 |  |  | 607,804 |  |  | 610,726
Real Estate – Residential |  | 550 |  |  | 327 |  |  | - |  |  | 877 |  |  | 366,857 |  |  | 368,793
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | 173 |  |  | 39 |  |  | - |  |  | 212 |  |  | 196,220 |  |  | 197,326
Consumer |  | 1,883 |  |  | 599 |  |  | - |  |  | 2,482 |  |  | 276,864 |  |  | 279,680
Total Loans | $ | 3,867 |  | $ | 1,253 |  | $ | - |  | $ | 5,120 |  | $ | 1,817,705 |  | $ | 1,827,753
December 31, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural | $ | 104 |  | $ | 58 |  | $ | - |  | $ | 162 |  | $ | 233,260 |  | $ | 233,689
Real Estate – Construction |  | 489 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 489 |  |  | 88,316 |  |  | 89,527
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | 124 |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 124 |  |  | 599,077 |  |  | 602,061
Real Estate – Residential |  | 745 |  |  | 627 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,372 |  |  | 338,724 |  |  | 342,215
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | 512 |  |  | 124 |  |  | - |  |  | 636 |  |  | 208,891 |  |  | 210,111
Consumer |  | 1,661 |  |  | 313 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,974 |  |  | 294,328 |  |  | 296,622
Total Loans | $ | 3,635 |  | $ | 1,122 |  | $ | - |  | $ | 4,757 |  | $ | 1,762,596 |  | $ | 1,774,225
(1) Total Loans include nonaccrual loans of $4.9 million and $6.9 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses is a reserve established through a provision for loan losses charged to expense, which represents management’s best estimate of incurred losses within the existing portfolio of loans. Loans are charged-off to the allowance when losses are deemed to be probable and reasonably quantifiable. The following table details the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio class. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of lo ans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories.
|  | Commercial, |  |  |  |  | Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Financial, |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial |  | Real Estate |  | Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in Thousands) | Agricultural |  | Construction |  | Mortgage |  | Residential |  | Home Equity | Consumer |  | Total
Three Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
September 30, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning Balance | $ | 1,648 |  | $ | 521 |  | $ | 3,889 |  | $ | 3,210 |  | $ | 2,383 |  | $ | 2,942 |  | $ | 14,593
| Provision for Loan Losses |  | 236 |  |  | 81 |  |  | (304) |  |  | 3 |  |  | 71 |  |  | 689 |  |  | 776
| Charge-Offs |  | (289) |  |  | (223) |  |  | (26) |  |  | (44) |  |  | (333) |  |  | (744) |  |  | (1,659)
| Recoveries |  | 86 |  |  | - |  |  | 142 |  |  | 46 |  |  | 58 |  |  | 277 |  |  | 609
| Net Charge-Offs |  | (203) |  |  | (223) |  |  | 116 |  |  | 2 |  |  | (275) |  |  | (467) |  |  | (1,050)
Ending Balance | $ | 1,681 |  | $ | 379 |  | $ | 3,701 |  | $ | 3,215 |  | $ | 2,179 |  | $ | 3,164 |  | $ | 14,319
Nine Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
September 30, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning Balance | $ | 1,434 |  | $ | 280 |  | $ | 4,181 |  | $ | 3,400 |  | $ | 2,301 |  | $ | 2,614 |  | $ | 14,210
| Provision for Loan Losses |  | 648 |  |  | 322 |  |  | (611) |  |  | (125) |  |  | 158 |  |  | 1,797 |  |  | 2,189
| Charge-Offs |  | (619) |  |  | (223) |  |  | (181) |  |  | (373) |  |  | (430) |  |  | (2,059) |  |  | (3,885)
| Recoveries |  | 218 |  |  | - |  |  | 312 |  |  | 313 |  |  | 150 |  |  | 812 |  |  | 1,805
| Net Charge-Offs |  | (401) |  |  | (223) |  |  | 131 |  |  | (60) |  |  | (280) |  |  | (1,247) |  |  | (2,080)
Ending Balance | $ | 1,681 |  | $ | 379 |  | $ | 3,701 |  | $ | 3,215 |  | $ | 2,179 |  | $ | 3,164 |  | $ | 14,319
Three Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning Balance | $ | 1,214 |  | $ | 283 |  | $ | 4,432 |  | $ | 3,146 |  | $ | 2,294 |  | $ | 2,194 |  | $ | 13,563
| Provision for Loan Losses |  | 388 |  |  | 86 |  |  | (30) |  |  | 50 |  |  | 120 |  |  | 290 |  |  | 904
| Charge-Offs |  | (268) |  |  | - |  |  | (25) |  |  | (106) |  |  | (112) |  |  | (463) |  |  | (974)
| Recoveries |  | 78 |  |  | - |  |  | 222 |  |  | 107 |  |  | 47 |  |  | 272 |  |  | 726
| Net Charge-Offs |  | (190) |  |  | - |  |  | 197 |  |  | 1 |  |  | (65) |  |  | (191) |  |  | (248)
Ending Balance | $ | 1,412 |  | $ | 369 |  | $ | 4,599 |  | $ | 3,197 |  | $ | 2,349 |  | $ | 2,293 |  | $ | 14,219
Nine Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning Balance | $ | 1,191 |  | $ | 122 |  | $ | 4,346 |  | $ | 3,206 |  | $ | 2,506 |  | $ | 1,936 |  | $ | 13,307
| Provision for Loan Losses |  | 481 |  |  | 253 |  |  | 208 |  |  | 123 |  |  | 140 |  |  | 1,259 |  |  | 2,464
| Charge-Offs |  | (591) |  |  | (7) |  |  | (315) |  |  | (669) |  |  | (427) |  |  | (1,667) |  |  | (3,676)
| Recoveries |  | 331 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 360 |  |  | 537 |  |  | 130 |  |  | 765 |  |  | 2,124
| Net Charge-Offs |  | (260) |  |  | (6) |  |  | 45 |  |  | (132) |  |  | (297) |  |  | (902) |  |  | (1,552)
Ending Balance | $ | 1,412 |  | $ | 369 |  | $ | 4,599 |  | $ | 3,197 |  | $ | 2,349 |  | $ | 2,293 |  | $ | 14,219
The following table details the amount of the allowance for loan losses by portfolio class disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology.
| Commercial, |  |  |  |  | Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Financial, |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial |  | Real Estate |  | Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in Thousands | Agricultural |  | Construction |  | Mortgage |  | Residential |  | Home Equity | Consumer |  | Total
September 30, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Period-end amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allocated to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans Individually |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Evaluated for Impairment | $ | 152 |  | $ | 23 |  | $ | 614 |  | $ | 696 |  | $ | 305 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 1,792
Loans Collectively |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Evaluated for Impairment |  | 1,529 |  |  | 356 |  |  | 3,087 |  |  | 2,519 |  |  | 1,874 |  |  | 3,162 |  |  | 12,527
Ending Balance | $ | 1,681 |  | $ | 379 |  | $ | 3,701 |  | $ | 3,215 |  | $ | 2,179 |  | $ | 3,164 |  | $ | 14,319
December 31, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Period-end amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allocated to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans Individually |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Evaluated for Impairment | $ | 118 |  | $ | 52 |  | $ | 1,026 |  | $ | 919 |  | $ | 289 |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | 2,405
Loans Collectively |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Evaluated for Impairment |  | 1,316 |  |  | 228 |  |  | 3,155 |  |  | 2,481 |  |  | 2,012 |  |  | 2,613 |  |  | 11,805
Ending Balance | $ | 1,434 |  | $ | 280 |  | $ | 4,181 |  | $ | 3,400 |  | $ | 2,301 |  | $ | 2,614 |  | $ | 14,210
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Period-end amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allocated to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans Individually |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Evaluated for Impairment | $ | 185 |  | $ | 181 |  | $ | 1,719 |  | $ | 954 |  | $ | 357 |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | 3,397
Loans Collectively |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Evaluated for Impairment |  | 1,227 |  |  | 188 |  |  | 2,880 |  |  | 2,243 |  |  | 1,992 |  |  | 2,292 |  |  | 10,822
Ending Balance | $ | 1,412 |  | $ | 369 |  | $ | 4,599 |  | $ | 3,197 |  | $ | 2,349 |  | $ | 2,293 |  | $ | 14,219
The Company’s recorded investment in loans related to each balance in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio class and disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology was as follows:
|  | Commercial, |  |  |  |  | Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Financial, |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial |  | Real Estate |  | Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |
(Dollars in Thousands) | Agricultural |  | Construction | Mortgage |  | Residential |  | Home Equity | Consumer |  | Total
September 30, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually Evaluated for |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment | $ | 1,226 |  | $ | 158 |  | $ | 12,926 |  | $ | 8,960 |  | $ | 1,816 |  | $ | 76 |  | $ | 25,162
Collectively Evaluated for |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment |  | 258,644 |  |  | 111,200 |  |  | 597,800 |  |  | 359,833 |  |  | 195,510 |  |  | 279,604 |  |  | 1,802,591
Total | $ | 259,870 |  | $ | 111,358 |  | $ | 610,726 |  | $ | 368,793 |  | $ | 197,326 |  | $ | 279,680 |  | $ | 1,827,753
December 31, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually Evaluated for |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment | $ | 873 |  | $ | 781 |  | $ | 12,650 |  | $ | 10,593 |  | $ | 2,210 |  | $ | 88 |  | $ | 27,195
Collectively Evaluated for |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment |  | 232,816 |  |  | 88,746 |  |  | 589,411 |  |  | 331,622 |  |  | 207,901 |  |  | 296,534 |  |  | 1,747,030
Total | $ | 233,689 |  | $ | 89,527 |  | $ | 602,061 |  | $ | 342,215 |  | $ | 210,111 |  | $ | 296,622 |  | $ | 1,774,225
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually Evaluated for |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment | $ | 987 |  | $ | 1,159 |  | $ | 18,572 |  | $ | 11,369 |  | $ | 2,241 |  | $ | 90 |  | $ | 34,418
Collectively Evaluated for |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impairment |  | 238,057 |  |  | 86,513 |  |  | 577,819 |  |  | 330,694 |  |  | 210,701 |  |  | 295,552 |  |  | 1,739,336
Total | $ | 239,044 |  | $ | 87,672 |  | $ | 596,391 |  | $ | 342,063 |  | $ | 212,942 |  | $ | 295,642 |  | $ | 1,773,754
Impaired Loans. Loans are deemed to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due (principal and interest payments), according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Loans, for which the terms have been modified, and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, are considered troubled debt restructurings and classified as impaired. The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans.
|  | Unpaid |  | Recorded |  | Recorded |  |  |
|  | Principal |  | Investment |  | Investment |  | Related
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Balance |  | With No Allowance | With Allowance |  | Allowance
September 30, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural |  | $ | 1,226 |  | $ | 692 |  | $ | 534 |  | $ | 152
Real Estate – Construction |  |  | 158 |  |  | - |  |  | 158 |  |  | 23
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  |  | 12,926 |  |  | 5,176 |  |  | 7,750 |  |  | 614
Real Estate – Residential |  |  | 8,960 |  |  | 2,141 |  |  | 6,819 |  |  | 696
Real Estate – Home Equity |  |  | 1,816 |  |  | 421 |  |  | 1,395 |  |  | 305
Consumer |  |  | 76 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 36 |  |  | 2
Total |  | $ | 25,162 |  | $ | 8,470 |  | $ | 16,692 |  | $ | 1,792
December 31, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural |  | $ | 873 |  | $ | 101 |  | $ | 772 |  | $ | 118
Real Estate – Construction |  |  | 781 |  |  | 459 |  |  | 322 |  |  | 52
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  |  | 12,650 |  |  | 2,384 |  |  | 10,266 |  |  | 1,026
Real Estate – Residential |  |  | 10,593 |  |  | 1,482 |  |  | 9,111 |  |  | 919
Real Estate – Home Equity |  |  | 2,210 |  |  | 855 |  |  | 1,355 |  |  | 289
Consumer |  |  | 88 |  |  | 49 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 1
Total |  | $ | 27,195 |  | $ | 5,330 |  | $ | 21,865 |  | $ | 2,405
The following table summarizes the average recorded investment and interest income recognized by class of impaired loans.
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
|  | Average |  | Total |  | Average |  | Total |  | Average |  | Total |  | Average |  | Total
|  | Recorded |  | Interest |  | Recorded |  | Interest |  | Recorded |  | Interest |  | Recorded |  | Interest
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Investment |  | Income |  | Investment |  | Income |  | Investment |  | Income |  | Investment |  | Income
Commercial, Financial and |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Agricultural |  | $ | 1,244 |  | $ | 21 |  | $ | 1,040 |  | $ | 19 |  | $ | 1,037 |  | $ | 53 |  | $ | 1,185 |  | $ | 69
Real Estate – Construction |  |  | 270 |  |  | - |  |  | 915 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 426 |  |  | - |  |  | 716 |  |  | 3
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  |  | 13,082 |  |  | 143 |  |  | 18,470 |  |  | 167 |  |  | 12,681 |  |  | 410 |  |  | 18,666 |  |  | 511
Real Estate – Residential |  |  | 9,163 |  |  | 127 |  |  | 11,393 |  |  | 133 |  |  | 9,461 |  |  | 380 |  |  | 12,215 |  |  | 417
Real Estate – Home Equity |  |  | 2,070 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 2,415 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 2,245 |  |  | 61 |  |  | 2,840 |  |  | 74
Consumer |  |  | 78 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 92 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 82 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 102 |  |  | 6
Total |  | $ | 25,907 |  | $ | 309 |  | $ | 34,325 |  | $ | 346 |  | $ | 25,932 |  | $ | 910 |  | $ | 35,724 |  | $ | 1,080
Credit Risk Management. The Company has adopted comprehensive lending policies, underwriting standards and loan review procedures designed to maximize loan income within an acceptable level of risk. Management and the Board of Directors review and approve these policies and pr ocedures on a regular basis (at least annually). Reporting systems are used to monitor loan originations, loan quality, concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies and nonperforming loans and potential problem loans. Management and the Credit Risk Oversight Committee periodically review our lines of business to monitor asset quality trends and the appropriateness of credit policies. In addition, total borrower exposure limits are established and concentration risk is monitored. As part of this pr ocess, the overall composition of the portfolio is reviewed to gauge diversification of risk, client concentrations, industry group, loan type, geographic area, or other relevant classifications of loans. Specific segments of the loan portfolio are monito red and reported to the Board on a quarterly basis and we have strategic plans in place to supplement Board approved credit policies governing exposure limits and underwriting standards. Detailed below are the types of loans within the Company’s loan portfol io and risk characteristics unique to each. Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural – Loans in this category are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower with consideration given to underlying collateral and personal or other g uarantees. Lending policy establishes debt service coverage ratio limits that require a borrower’s cash flow to be sufficient to cover principal and interest payments on all new and existing debt. The majority of these loans are secured by the assets bei ng financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable, inventory, or equipment. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. Loan to value ratios at origination are governed by established policy guidelin es. Real Estate Construction – Loans in this category consist of short-term construction loans, revolving and non-revolving credit lines and construction/permanent loans made to individuals and investors to finance the acquisition, development, construc tion or rehabilitation of real property. These loans are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower or project and generally secured by the property being financed, including 1-4 family residential properties and commercial properties t hat are either owner-occupied or investment in nature. These properties may include either vacant or improved property. Construction loans are generally based upon estimates of costs and value associated with the completed project. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. Loan to value ratios at origination are governed by established policy guidelines. The disbursement of funds for construction loans is made in relation to the progress of the project and as s uch these loans are closely monitored by on-site inspections. Real Estate Commercial Mortgage – Loans in this category consists of commercial mortgage loans secured by property that is either owner-occupied or investment in nature. These loans ar e primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower or project with consideration given to underlying real estate collateral and personal guarantees. Lending policy establishes debt service coverage ratios and loan to value ratios specific to the property type. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. Real Estate Residential – Residential mortgage loans held in the Company’s loan portfolio are made to borrowers that demonstrate the ability to make scheduled payments with full consideration to underwriting factors such as current income, employment status, current assets, and other financial resources, credit history, and the value of the collateral. Collateral consists of mortgage liens on 1-4 fam ily residential properties. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. The Company does not originate sub-prime loans. Real Estate Home Equity – Home equity loans and lines are made to qualified individuals for legitimate purposes generally secured by senior or junior mortgage liens on owner-occupied 1-4 family homes or vacation homes. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income and debt ratio requirements and combin ed loan to value ratios within established policy guidelines. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. Consumer Loans – This loan portfolio includes personal installment loans, direct and indirect automobile financing, and overdraft lines of credit. The majority of the consumer loan portfolio consists of indirect and direct automobile loans. Lending policy establishes maximum debt to income ratios, minimum credit scores, and includes guidelines for verificat ion of applicants’ income and receipt of credit reports. Credit Quality Indicators. As part of the ongoing monitoring of the Company’s loan portfolio quality, management categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, histor ical payment performance, credit documentation, and current economic and market trends, among other factors. Risk ratings are assigned to each loan and revised as needed through established monitoring procedures for individual loan relationships over a predet ermined amount and review of smaller balance homogenous loan pools. The Company uses the definitions noted below for categorizing and managing its criticized loans. Loans categorized as “Pass” do not meet the criteria set forth for the Special Mention, S ubstandard, or Doubtful categories and are not considered criticized. Special Mention – Loans in this category are presently protected from loss, but weaknesses are apparent which, if not corrected, could cause future problems. Loans in this category may not meet required underwriting criteria and have no mitigating factors. More than the ordinary amount of attention is warranted for these loans. Substandard – Loans in this category exhibit well-defined weaknesses that would typically bring normal repay ment into jeopardy. These loans are no longer adequately protected due to well-defined weaknesses that affect the repayment capacity of the borrower. The possibility of loss is much more evident and above average supervision is required for these loans. Doubtful – Loans in this category have all the weaknesses inherent in a loan categorized as Substandard, with the characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, h ighly questionable and improbable. The following table presents the risk category of loans by segment.
|  | Commercial, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Financial, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Total
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Agriculture |  | Real Estate |  | Consumer |  | Loans
September 30, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 258,457 |  | $ | 1,259,949 |  | $ | 278,705 |  | $ | 1,797,111
Special Mention |  |  | 286 |  |  | 8,998 |  |  | 35 |  |  | 9,319
Substandard |  |  | 1,127 |  |  | 19,256 |  |  | 940 |  |  | 21,323
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | -
Total Loans |  | $ | 259,870 |  | $ | 1,288,203 |  | $ | 279,680 |  | $ | 1,827,753
December 31, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass |  | $ | 232,417 |  | $ | 1,211,451 |  | $ | 295,888 |  | $ | 1,739,756
Special Mention |  |  | 479 |  |  | 11,048 |  |  | 54 |  |  | 11,581
Substandard |  |  | 793 |  |  | 21,415 |  |  | 680 |  |  | 22,888
Doubtful |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | -
Total Loans |  | $ | 233,689 |  | $ | 1,243,914 |  | $ | 296,622 |  | $ | 1,774,225
Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”). TDRs are loans in which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the Company has granted an economic concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. In these instances, as part of a work-out alternative, the Company will make concessions including the extension of the loan term, a principal moratorium, a reduction in the interest rate, or a combination thereof. The impact of the TDR modifications and defaults are factored into the al lowance for loan losses on a loan-by-loan basis as all TDRs are, by definition, impaired loans. Thus, specific reserves are established based upon the results of either a discounted cash flow analysis or the underlying collateral value, if the loan is dee med to be collateral dependent. A TDR classification can be removed if the borrower’s financial condition improves such that the borrower is no longer in financial difficulty, the loan has not had any forgiveness of principal or interest, and the loan is subsequently refinanced or restructured at market terms and qualifies as a new loan. The following table presents loans classified as TDRs.
|  | September 30, 2019 |  | December 31, 2018
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Accruing |  | Nonaccruing |  | Accruing |  | Nonaccruing
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural |  | $ | 564 |  | $ | 56 |  | $ | 873 |  | $ | -
Real Estate – Construction |  |  | - |  |  | 58 |  |  | 59 |  |  | -
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  |  | 8,459 |  |  | 832 |  |  | 9,910 |  |  | 1,239
Real Estate – Residential |  |  | 7,769 |  |  | 285 |  |  | 9,234 |  |  | 1,222
Real Estate – Home Equity |  |  | 1,416 |  |  | 173 |  |  | 1,920 |  |  | 179
Consumer |  |  | 76 |  |  | - |  |  | 88 |  |  | -
Total TDRs |  | $ | 18,284 |  | $ | 1,404 |  | $ | 22,084 |  | $ | 2,640
For TDRs, the Company estimated $1.7 million and $2.3 million of impaired loan loss reserves for these loans at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Loans classified as TDRs during the periods indicated are presented in the table below. The modifications made during the reporting period involved either an extension of the loan term, a principal moratorium, a reduction in the interest rate, or a combination thereof. The financial impact of these m odifications was not material.
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2019 |  | 2019
|  |  |  | Pre- |  | Post- |  |  |  | Pre- |  | Post-
|  | Number |  | Modified |  | Modified |  | Number |  | Modified |  | Modified
|  | of |  | Recorded |  | Recorded |  | of |  | Recorded |  | Recorded
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Contracts |  | Investment |  | Investment(1) |  | Contracts |  | Investment |  | Investment
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural |  | 1 |  | $ | 58 |  | $ | 58 |  | 1 |  | $ | 58 |  | $ | 58
Real Estate – Construction |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | -
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | 1 |  |  | 151 |  |  | 157 |  | 2 |  |  | 209 |  |  | 218
Real Estate – Residential |  | 1 |  |  | 92 |  |  | 88 |  | 2 |  |  | 138 |  |  | 162
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | 1 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 25 |  | 2 |  |  | 56 |  |  | 56
Consumer |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | -
Total TDRs |  | 4 |  | $ | 327 |  | $ | 328 |  | 7 |  | $ | 461 |  | $ | 494
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2018
|  |  |  | Pre- |  | Post- |  |  |  | Pre- |  | Post-
|  | Number |  | Modified |  | Modified |  | Number |  | Modified |  | Modified
|  | of |  | Recorded |  | Recorded |  | of |  | Recorded |  | Recorded
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Contracts |  | Investment |  | Investment(1) |  | Contracts |  | Investment |  | Investment
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural |  | - |  | $ | - |  | $ | - |  | 1 |  | $ | 498 |  | $ | 230
Real Estate – Construction |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | -
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | 1 |  |  | 227 |  |  | 228
Real Estate – Residential |  | 1 |  |  | 72 |  |  | 76 |  | 2 |  |  | 105 |  |  | 108
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | 1 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 27
Consumer |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | -
Total TDRs |  | 1 |  | $ | 72 |  | $ | 76 |  | 5 |  | $ | 857 |  | $ | 593
(1) Recorded investment reflects charge-offs and additional funds advanced at time of restructure, if applicable. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, there were no loans modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months that had defaulted. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, loans classified as TDRs for which there was a payment default and the loans were modified within twelve months prior to default is presented below.
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2018
|  | Number |  | Post-Modified |  |  | Number |  | Post-Modified |
|  | of |  | Recorded |  |  | of |  | Recorded |
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1) |  |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1) |
Commercial, Financial and Agricultural |  | - |  | $ | - |  |  | - |  | $ | - |
Real Estate – Construction |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | 1 |  |  | 64 |
Real Estate – Residential |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Real Estate – Home Equity |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Consumer |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |  |  | - |
Total TDRs |  | - |  | $ | - |  |  | 1 |  | $ | 64 |
The following table provides information on how TDRs were modified during the periods indicated.
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2019 |  | 2019
|  | Number of |  | Recorded |  | Number of |  | Recorded
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1) |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1)
Extended amortization |  | - |  | $ | - |  | - |  | $ | -
Interest rate adjustment |  | 1 |  |  | 25 |  | 1 |  |  | 25
Extended amortization and interest rate adjustment |  | 3 |  |  | 303 |  | 6 |  |  | 469
Total TDRs |  | 4 |  | $ | 328 |  | 7 |  | $ | 494
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2018
|  | Number of |  | Recorded |  | Number of |  | Recorded
(Dollars in Thousands) |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1) |  | Contracts |  | Investment(1)
Extended amortization |  | 1 |  | $ | 76 |  | 2 |  | $ | 303
Interest rate adjustment |  | - |  |  | - |  | 1 |  |  | 33
Extended amortization and interest rate adjustment |  | - |  |  | - |  | 1 |  |  | 27
Principal moratorium |  | - |  |  | - |  | 1 |  |  | 230
Total TDRs |  | 1 |  | $ | 76 |  | 5 |  | $ | 593

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