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LOANS HELD FOR INVESTMENT AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Loans Held for Investment and Allowance for Credit Losses [Abstract] |
LOANS HELD FOR INVESTMENT AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES | Note 3 LOANS HELD FOR INVESTMENT AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES Loan Portfolio Composition . The composition of the HFI loan portfolio at December 31 was as follows: (Dollars in Thousands) 2023 2022 Commercial, Financial and Agricultural $ 225,190 $ 247,362 Real Estate – Construction 196,091 234,519 Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage 825,456 782,557 Real Estate – Residential (1) 1,004,219 749,513 Real Estate – Home Equity 210,920 208,217 Consumer (2) 272,042 325,517 Loans Held for Investment, Net of Unearned Income $ 2,733,918 $ 2,547,685 (1) Includes loans in process with outstanding balances of $ 3.2 million and $ 6.1 million for 2023 and 2022, respectively. (2) Includes overdraft balances of $ 1 .0 million and $ 1.1 million for December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Net deferred costs, which include premiums on purchased loans, included in loans were $ 7.8 million at December 31, 2023 and $ 5.1 million at December 31, 2022. Accrued interest receivable on loans which is excluded from amortized cost totaled $ 10.1 million at December 31, 2023 and $ 8.0 million at December 31, 2022, and is reported separately in Other Assets. The Company has pledged a floating lien on certain 1-4 family residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate mortgage loans, and home equity loans to support available borrowing capacity at the FHLB and has pledged a blanket floating lien on all consumer loans, commercial loans, and construction loans to support available borrowing capacity at the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. Loan Purchases and Sales . The Company will purchase newly originated 1-4 family real estate secured adjustable-rate loans from CCHL, a related party effective on March 1, 2020 (see Note 1 – Significant Accounting Policies). These loan purchases totaled $ 364.8 million and $ 421.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and were not credit impaired. In addition, the Company purchased commercial real estate loans that were not credit impaired from a third party totaling $ 15.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. Allowance for Credit Losses . The methodology for estimating the amount of credit losses reported in the allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) has two basic components: first, an asset-specific component involving loans that do not share risk characteristics and the measurement of expected credit losses for such individual loans; and second, a pooled component for expected credit losses for pools of loans that share similar risk characteristics. This methodology is discussed further in Note 1 – Significant Accounting Policies. The following table details the activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for the years ended December 31. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. Commercial, Real Estate Financial, Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Real Estate (Dollars in Thousands) Agricultural Construction Mortgage Residential Home Equity Consumer Total 2023 Beginning Balance $ 1,506 $ 2,654 $ 4,815 $ 10,741 $ 1,864 $ 3,488 $ 25,068 Provision for Credit Losses 210 (154) 1,035 4,141 (233) 4,596 9,595 Charge-Offs (511) - (120) (79) (39) (8,543) (9,292) Recoveries 277 2 52 253 226 3,760 4,570 Net (Charge-Offs) Recoveries (234) 2 (68) 174 187 (4,783) (4,722) Ending Balance $ 1,482 $ 2,502 $ 5,782 $ 15,056 $ 1,818 $ 3,301 $ 29,941 2022 Beginning Balance $ 2,191 $ 3,302 $ 5,810 $ 4,129 $ 2,296 $ 3,878 $ 21,606 Provision for Credit Losses 316 (658) (746) 6,328 (422) 2,579 7,397 Charge-Offs (1,308) - (355) - (193) (6,050) (7,906) Recoveries 307 10 106 284 183 3,081 3,971 Net (Charge-Offs) Recoveries (1,001) 10 (249) 284 (10) (2,969) (3,935) Ending Balance $ 1,506 $ 2,654 $ 4,815 $ 10,741 $ 1,864 $ 3,488 $ 25,068 2021 Beginning Balance $ 2,204 $ 2,479 $ 7,029 $ 5,440 $ 3,111 $ 3,553 $ 23,816 Provision for Credit Losses (227) 813 (1,679) (1,956) (1,125) 1,332 (2,842) Charge-Offs (239) - (405) (108) (103) (3,972) (4,827) Recoveries 453 10 865 753 413 2,965 5,459 Net (Charge-Offs) Recoveries 214 10 460 645 310 (1,007) 632 Ending Balance $ 2,191 $ 3,302 $ 5,810 $ 4,129 $ 2,296 $ 3,878 $ 21,606 The $ 4.9 million increase in the allowance for credit losses in 2023 reflected a credit loss provision of $ 9.6 million and net loan charge-offs of $ 4.7 million. The $ 3.5 million increase in the allowance in 2022 reflected a credit loss provision of $ 7.4 million and net loan charge-offs of $ 3.9 million. The increases in the allowance for both 2023 and 2022 were primarily attributable to incremental allowance related to loan growth, primarily residential real estate, and slower prepayment speeds (due to higher interest rates). For 2022, a higher projected rate of unemployment and its effect on rates of default was also a contributing factor. Four unemployment rate forecast scenarios continue to be utilized to estimate probability of default and are weighted based on management’s estimate of probability. See Note 1 – Significant accounting policies for more on the calculation of the provision for credit losses. See Note 21 – Commitments and Contingencies for information on the provision for credit losses related to off- balance sheet commitments. Loan Portfolio Aging. A loan is defined as a past due loan when one full payment is past due or a contractual maturity is over 30 days past due (“DPD”). The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost basis in accruing past due loans by class of loans at December 31, 30-59 60-89 90 + Total Total Nonaccrual Total (Dollars in Thousands) DPD DPD DPD Past Due Current Loans Loans 2023 Commercial, Financial and Agricultural $ 311 $ 105 $ - $ 416 $ 224,463 $ 311 $ 225,190 Real Estate – Construction 206 - - 206 195,563 322 196,091 Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage 794 - - 794 823,753 909 825,456 Real Estate – Residential 670 34 - 704 1,000,525 2,990 1,004,219 Real Estate – Home Equity 268 - - 268 209,653 999 210,920 Consumer 3,693 774 - 4,467 266,864 711 272,042 Total $ 5,942 $ 913 $ - $ 6,855 $ 2,720,821 $ 6,242 $ 2,733,918 2022 Commercial, Financial and Agricultural $ 109 $ 126 $ - $ 235 $ 247,086 $ 41 $ 247,362 Real Estate – Construction 359 - - 359 234,143 17 234,519 Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage 158 149 - 307 781,605 645 782,557 Real Estate – Residential 845 530 - 1,375 747,899 239 749,513 Real Estate – Home Equity - 35 - 35 207,411 771 208,217 Consumer 3,666 1,852 - 5,518 319,415 584 325,517 Total $ 5,137 $ 2,692 $ - $ 7,829 $ 2,537,559 $ 2,297 $ 2,547,685 Nonaccrual Loans . Loans are generally placed on nonaccrual status if principal or interest payments become 90 days past due and/or management deems the collectability of the principal and/or interest to be doubtful. Loans are returned to accrual status when the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current or when future payments are reasonably assured. The Company did not recognize a significant amount of interest income on nonaccrual loans for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans in nonaccrual status and loans past due over 90 days and still on accrual by class of loans. 2023 2022 Nonaccrual Nonaccrual 90 + Days Nonaccrual Nonaccrual 90 + Days With No With Still With No With Still (Dollars in Thousands) ACL ACL Accruing ACL ACL Accruing Commercial, Financial and Agricultural $ - $ 311 $ - $ - $ 41 $ - Real Estate – Construction - 322 - - 17 - Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage 781 128 - 389 256 - Real Estate – Residential 1,705 1,285 - - 239 - Real Estate – Home Equity - 999 - - 771 - Consumer - 711 - - 584 - Total Nonaccrual Loans $ 2,486 $ 3,756 $ - $ 389 $ 1,908 $ - Collateral Dependent Loans . The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans at December 31: 2023 2022 Real Estate Non Real Estate Real Estate Non Real Estate (Dollars in Thousands) Secured Secured Secured Secured Commercial, Financial and Agricultural $ - $ 30 $ - $ - Real Estate – Construction 275 - - - Real Estate – Commercial Mortgage 1,296 - 389 - Real Estate – Residential 1,706 - 160 - Real Estate – Home Equity - - 130 - Consumer - - 21 - Total $ 3,277 $ 30 $ 700 $ - A loan is collateral dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment of the loan is dependent on the sale or operation of the underlying collateral. The Bank’s collateral dependent loan portfolio is comprised primarily of real estate secured loans, collateralized by either residential or commercial collateral types. The loans are carried at fair value based on current values determined by either independent appraisals or internal evaluations, adjusted for selling costs or other amounts to be deducted when estimating expected net sales proceeds. Residential Real Estate Loans In Process of Foreclosure . At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had $ 0.5 million and $ 0.6 million, respectively, in 1-4 family residential real estate loans for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process. Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty . Occasionally, the Company may modify loans to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty. Loan modifications to borrowers in financial difficulty are loans in which the Company has granted an economic concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. In these instances, as part of a work-out alternative, the Company will make concessions including the extension of the loan term, a principal moratorium, a reduction in the interest rate, or a combination thereof. The impact of the modifications and defaults are factored into the allowance for credit losses on a loan-by-loan basis. Thus, specific reserves are established based upon the results of either a discounted cash flow analysis or the underlying collateral value, if the loan is deemed to be collateral dependent. A modified loan classification can be removed if the borrower’s financial condition improves such that the borrower is no longer in financial difficulty, the loan has not had any forgiveness of principal or interest, and the loan is subsequently refinanced or restructured at market terms and qualifies as a new loan. At December 31, 2023, the Company did no t maintain any loans made to borrowers due to the borrower experiencing financial difficulty. Credit Risk Management . The Company has adopted comprehensive lending policies, underwriting standards and loan review procedures designed to maximize loan income within an acceptable level of risk. Management and the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) review and approve these policies and procedures on a regular basis (at least annually). Reporting systems are used to monitor loan originations, loan quality, concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies and nonperforming loans and potential problem loans. Management and the Credit Risk Oversight Committee periodically review our lines of business to monitor asset quality trends and the appropriateness of credit policies. In addition, total borrower exposure limits are established and concentration risk is monitored. As part of this process, the overall composition of the loan portfolio is reviewed to gauge diversification of risk, client concentrations, industry group, loan type, geographic area, or other relevant classifications of loans. Specific segments of the loan portfolio are monitored and reported to the Board on a quarterly basis and have strategic plans in place to supplement Board-approved credit policies governing exposure limits and underwriting standards. Detailed below are the types of loans within the Company’s loan portfolio and risk characteristics unique to each. Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural – Loans in this category are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower with consideration given to underlying collateral and personal or other guarantees. Lending policy establishes debt service coverage ratio limits that require a borrower’s cash flow to be sufficient to cover principal and interest payments on all new and existing debt. The majority of these loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable, inventory, or equipment. Collateral values are determined based upon third-party appraisals and evaluations. Loan to value ratios at origination are governed by established policy guidelines. Real Estate Construction – Loans in this category consist of short-term construction loans, revolving and non-revolving credit lines and construction/permanent loans made to individuals and investors to finance the acquisition, development, construction or rehabilitation of real property. These loans are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower or project and generally secured by the property being financed, including 1-4 family residential properties and commercial properties that are either owner-occupied or investment in nature. These properties may include either vacant or improved property. Construction loans are generally based upon estimates of costs and value associated with the completed project. Collateral values are determined based upon third-party appraisals and evaluations. Loan to value ratios at origination are governed by established policy guidelines. The disbursement of funds for construction loans is made in relation to the progress of the project and as such these loans are closely monitored by on-site inspections. Real Estate Commercial Mortgage – Loans in this category consist of commercial mortgage loans secured by property that is either owner-occupied or investment in nature. These loans are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower or project with consideration given to underlying real estate collateral and personal guarantees. Lending policy establishes debt service coverage ratios and loan to value ratios specific to the property type. Collateral values are determined based upon third- party appraisals and evaluations. Real Estate Residential – Residential mortgage loans held in the Company’s loan portfolio are made to borrowers that demonstrate the ability to make scheduled payments with full consideration to underwriting factors such as current income, employment status, current assets, other financial resources, credit history, and the value of the collateral. Collateral consists of mortgage liens on 1-4 family residential properties. Collateral values are determined based upon third party appraisals and evaluations. The Company does not originate sub-prime loans. Real Estate Home Equity – Home equity loans and lines are made to qualified individuals for legitimate purposes generally secured by senior or junior mortgage liens on owner-occupied 1-4 family homes or vacation homes. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income and debt ratio requirements and combined loan to value ratios within established policy guidelines. Collateral values are determined based upon third-party appraisals and evaluations. Consumer Loans – This loan category includes personal installment loans, direct and indirect automobile financing, and overdraft lines of credit. The majority of the consumer loan category consists of indirect and direct automobile loans. Lending policy establishes maximum debt to income ratios, minimum credit scores, and includes guidelines for verification of applicants’ income and receipt of credit reports. Credit Quality Indicators . As part of the ongoing monitoring of the Company’s loan portfolio quality, management categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment performance, credit documentation, and current economic and market trends, among other factors. Risk ratings are assigned to each loan and revised as needed through established monitoring procedures for individual loan relationships over a predetermined amount and review of smaller balance homogenous loan pools. The Company uses the definitions noted below for categorizing and managing its criticized loans. Loans categorized as “Pass” do not meet the criteria set forth below and are not considered criticized. Special Mention – Loans in this category are presently protected from loss, but weaknesses are apparent which, if not corrected, could cause future problems. Loans in this category may not meet required underwriting criteria and have no mitigating factors. More than the ordinary amount of attention is warranted for these loans. Substandard – Loans in this category exhibit well-defined weaknesses that would typically bring normal repayment into jeopardy. These loans are no longer adequately protected due to well-defined weaknesses that affect the repayment capacity of the borrower. The possibility of loss is much more evident and above average supervision is required for these loans. Doubtful – Loans in this category have all the weaknesses inherent in a loan categorized as Substandard, with the characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Performing/Nonperforming – Loans within certain homogenous loan pools (home equity and consumer) are not individually reviewed, but are monitored for credit quality via the aging status of the loan and by payment activity. The performing or nonperforming status is updated on an on-going basis dependent upon improvement and deterioration in credit quality. The following table summarizes gross loans held for investment at December 31, 2023 by years of origination and internally assigned credit risk ratings (refer to Credit Risk Management section for detail on risk rating system). Term Loans by Origination Year Revolving (Dollars in Thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Loans Total Commercial, Financial, Agricultural: Pass $ 57,320 $ 66,671 $ 28,933 $ 10,610 $ 7,758 $ 7,502 $ 44,350 $ 223,144 Special Mention 168 608 356 10 9 - 76 1,227 Substandard 164 177 98 77 20 122 161 819 Total $ 57,652 $ 67,456 $ 29,387 $ 10,697 $ 7,787 $ 7,624 $ 44,587 $ 225,190 Current-Period Gross Writeoffs $ 6 $ 252 $ 65 $ 31 $ 41 $ 19 $ 97 $ 511 Real Estate - Construction: Pass $ 101,684 $ 68,265 $ 18,181 $ - $ 188 $ - $ 4,617 $ 192,935 Special Mention 631 500 539 212 - - - 1,882 Substandard - 47 576 651 - - - 1,274 Total $ 102,315 $ 68,812 $ 19,296 $ 863 $ 188 $ - $ 4,617 $ 196,091 Current-Period Gross Writeoffs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Real Estate - Commercial Mortgage: Pass $ 117,840 $ 275,079 $ 135,663 $ 101,210 $ 43,878 $ 109,878 $ 18,367 $ 801,915 Special Mention 3,266 5,684 - 229 1,358 573 - 11,110 Substandard - 1,226 6,695 1,637 605 1,574 694 12,431 Total $ 121,106 $ 281,989 $ 142,358 $ 103,076 $ 45,841 $ 112,025 $ 19,061 $ 825,456 Current-Period Gross Writeoffs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 120 $ - $ 120 Real Estate - Residential: Pass $ 372,394 $ 400,437 $ 83,108 $ 35,879 $ 24,848 $ 68,685 $ 8,252 $ 993,603 Special Mention 268 89 83 502 - 313 - 1,255 Substandard 570 1,110 1,906 1,626 1,007 3,142 - 9,361 Total $ 373,232 $ 401,636 $ 85,097 $ 38,007 $ 25,855 $ 72,140 $ 8,252 $ 1,004,219 Current-Period Gross Writeoffs $ - $ - $ 79 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 79 Real Estate - Home Equity: Performing $ 890 $ 48 $ 127 $ 11 $ 386 $ 950 $ 207,509 $ 209,921 Nonperforming - - - - - - 999 999 Total $ 890 48 127 11 386 950 208,508 210,920 Current-Period Gross Writeoffs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 39 $ 39 Consumer: Performing $ 68,496 $ 90,031 $ 70,882 $ 21,314 $ 10,210 $ 4,258 $ 5,431 $ 270,622 Nonperforming 293 355 58 4 - - 710 1,420 Total $ 68,789 $ 90,386 $ 70,940 $ 21,318 $ 10,210 $ 4,258 $ 6,141 $ 272,042 Current-Period Gross Writeoffs $ 3,137 $ 3,224 $ 1,362 $ 329 $ 230 $ 99 $ 162 $ 8,543

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- Definition The entire disclosure for claims held for amounts due a entity, excluding financing receivables. Examples include, but are not limited to, trade accounts receivables, notes receivables, loans receivables. Includes disclosure for allowance for credit losses. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Topic 310 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//310-10/tableOfContent + Details
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