PRENEED TRUST INVESTMENTS

Preneed Cemetery Trust Investments

Preneed cemetery trust investments represent trust fund assets that we are permitted to withdraw as merchandise and services are provided to customers. Preneed cemetery contracts are secured by payments from customers, less retained amounts not required to be deposited into trust. Preneed cemetery trust investments can be reduced by the trust earnings we have been allowed to withdraw in certain states prior to our performance.

The components of Preneed cemetery trust investments on our Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2019 are as follows (in thousands):



	December 31, 2018			March 31, 2019
Preneed cemetery trust investments, at market value	$	64,549		$	69,878
Less: allowance for contract cancellation	(2,117		)	(2,136		)
Preneed cemetery trust investments, net	$	62,432		$	67,742

Upon cancellation of a preneed cemetery contract, a customer is generally entitled to receive a refund of the corpus, and in some instances, a portion of all of the earnings held in trust. In certain jurisdictions, we may be obligated to fund any shortfall if the amounts deposited by the customer exceed the funds in trust, including investment income. As a result, when realized or unrealized losses of a trust result in the trust being underfunded, we assess whether we are responsible for replenishing the corpus of the trust, in which case a loss provision is recorded. At March 31, 2019, none of our preneed cemetery trust investments were underfunded.

Earnings from our preneed cemetery trust investments are recognized as revenue when a service is performed or merchandise is delivered. Trust management fees charged by CSV RIA are included in revenue in the period in which they are earned.

Where quoted prices are available in an active market, investments held by the trusts are classified as Level 1 investments pursuant to the three-level valuation hierarchy. Our Level 1 investments include cash and common stock. Where quoted market prices are not available for the specific security, fair values are estimated by using quoted prices of similar securities in active markets or other inputs other than quoted prices that can corroborate observable market data. These investments are fixed income securities, including foreign debt, corporate debt, preferred stocks, mortgage-backed securities and fixed income mutual funds, all of which are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. We review and update our fair value hierarchy classifications quarterly. There were no transfers between Levels 1 and 2 in the three months ended March 31, 2019. There are no Level 3 investments in the preneed cemetery trust investment portfolio. See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for further information on the fair value measurement and the three-level hierarchy.

The cost and fair market values associated with preneed cemetery trust investments at March 31, 2019 are detailed below (in thousands, except percentages):



	Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Market Value
Cash and money market accounts	1	$	7,496	$	—	$	—		$	7,496
Fixed income securities:
Foreign debt	2	5,547		169		(249		)	5,467
Corporate debt	2	14,199		444		(455		)	14,188
Preferred stock	2	12,320		259		(774		)	11,805
Mortgage-backed securities	2	643		90		(21		)	712
Common stock	1	29,834		2,298		(3,792		)	28,340
Mutual funds:
Fixed Income	2	1,169		9		(2		)	1,176
Trust securities		$	71,208	$	3,269	$	(5,293	)	$	69,184
Accrued investment income		$	694						$	694
Preneed cemetery trust investments									$	69,878
Market value as a percentage of cost									97.2		%

The estimated maturities of the fixed income securities included above are as follows (in thousands):



Due in one year or less	$	—
Due in one to five years	2,985
Due in five to ten years	8,987
Thereafter	20,200
Total	$	32,172

The cost and fair market values associated with preneed cemetery trust investments at December 31, 2018 are detailed below (in thousands, except percentages):



	Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Market Value
Cash and money market accounts	1	$	16,194	$	—	$	—		$	16,194
Fixed income securities:
Foreign debt	2	3,802		43		(511		)	3,334
Corporate debt	2	13,987		362		(1,026		)	13,323
Preferred stock	2	11,068		54		(1,146		)	9,976
Mortgage-backed securities	2	666		161		(14		)	813
Common stock	1	24,867		903		(5,436		)	20,334
Trust securities		$	70,584	$	1,523	$	(8,133	)	$	63,974
Accrued investment income		$	575						$	575
Preneed cemetery trust investments									$	64,549
Market value as a percentage of cost									90.6		%

We determine whether or not the assets in the preneed cemetery trust investments have an other-than-temporary impairment on a security-by-security basis. This assessment is made based upon a number of criteria, including the length of time a security has been in a loss position, changes in market conditions and concerns related to the specific issuer. If a loss is considered to be other-than-temporary, the cost basis of the security is adjusted downward to its fair market value. Any reduction in the cost basis of the investment due to an other-than-temporary impairment is likewise recorded as a reduction in Deferred preneed cemetery receipts held in trust on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. In the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2019, we did not record any impairments for other-than-temporary declines in the fair value related to unrealized losses on certain investments. There is no impact on earnings until such time that the loss is realized in the trusts, allocated to preneed contracts and the services are performed or the merchandise is delivered, causing the contract to be withdrawn from the trust in accordance with state regulations.

At March 31, 2019, we had certain investments within our preneed cemetery trust investments that had tax lots in loss positions for more than one year. Based on our analyses of these securities, the companies’ businesses and current market conditions, we determined that these investment losses were temporary in nature.

Our preneed cemetery trust investment unrealized losses, their associated fair market values, and the duration of unrealized losses as of March 31, 2019 are shown in the following table (in thousands):



	March 31, 2019
	In Loss Position Less than 12 months					In Loss Position Greater than 12 months					Total
	Fair Market Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Market Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Market Value		Unrealized Losses
Fixed income securities:
Foreign debt	$	2,002	$	(41	)	$	1,185	$	(208	)	$	3,187	$	(249	)
Corporate debt	1,062		(60		)	5,209		(395		)	6,271		(455		)
Preferred stock	4,641		(236		)	3,974		(538		)	8,615		(774		)
Mortgage-backed securities	—		—			119		(21		)	119		(21		)
Common stock	13,544		(2,310		)	1,457		(1,482		)	15,001		(3,792		)
Mutual Funds:
Fixed Income	455		(2		)	—		—			455		(2		)
Total temporary impaired securities	$	21,704	$	(2,649	)	$	11,944	$	(2,644	)	$	33,648	$	(5,293	)

Our preneed cemetery trust investment unrealized losses, their associated fair market values, and the duration of unrealized losses as of December 31, 2018 are shown in the following table (in thousands):



	December 31, 2018
	In Loss Position Less than 12 months					In Loss Position Greater than 12 months					Total
	Fair Market Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Market Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Market Value		Unrealized Losses
Fixed income securities:
Foreign debt	$	2,140	$	(245	)	$	895	$	(266	)	$	3,035	$	(511	)
Corporate debt	9,918		(813		)	443		(213		)	10,361		(1,026		)
Preferred stock	5,253		(399		)	3,767		(747		)	9,020		(1,146		)
Mortgage-backed securities	—		—			51		(14		)	51		(14		)
Common stock	14,191		(4,012		)	1,190		(1,424		)	15,381		(5,436		)
Total temporary impaired securities	$	31,502	$	(5,469	)	$	6,346	$	(2,664	)	$	37,848	$	(8,133	)

Preneed cemetery trust investment security transactions recorded in Other, net on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2019
Investment income	$	425		$	571
Realized gains	853			1,458
Realized losses	(607		)	(635		)
Expenses and taxes	(51		)	(278		)
Net change in deferred preneed cemetery receipts held in trust	(620		)	(1,116		)
	$	—		$	—

Purchases and sales of investments in the preneed cemetery trusts for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2019
Purchases	$	(3,376	)	$	(11,626	)
Sales	7,559			2,992

Preneed Funeral Trust Investments

Preneed funeral trust investments represent trust fund assets that we are permitted to withdraw as services and merchandise are provided to customers. Preneed funeral contracts are secured by payments from customers, less retained amounts not required to be deposited into trust. Preneed funeral trust investments are reduced by the trust earnings we have been allowed to withdraw in certain states prior to our performance.

The components of Preneed funeral trust investments on our Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2018 and March 31, 2019 are as follows (in thousands):



	December 31, 2018			March 31, 2019
Preneed funeral trust investments, at market value	$	84,803		$	89,743
Less: allowance for contract cancellation	(2,729		)	(2,730		)
Preneed funeral trust investments, net	$	82,074		$	87,013

Upon cancellation of a preneed funeral contract, a customer is generally entitled to receive a refund of the corpus and in some instances, a portion of all earnings held in trust. In certain jurisdictions, we may be obligated to fund any shortfall if the amounts deposited by the customer exceed the funds in trust, including investment income. As a result, when realized or unrealized losses of a trust result in the trust being underfunded, we assess whether we are responsible for replenishing the corpus of the trust, in which case a loss provision is recorded. At March 31, 2019, none of our preneed funeral trust investments were underfunded.

Earnings from our preneed funeral trust investments are recognized as revenue when a service is performed or merchandise is delivered. Trust management fees charged by CSV RIA are included in revenue in the period in which they are earned.

Where quoted prices are available in an active market, investments held by the trusts are classified as Level 1 investments pursuant to the three-level valuation hierarchy. Our Level 1 investments include cash, U.S. treasury debt and common stock. Where quoted market prices are not available for the specific security, then fair values are estimated by using quoted prices of similar securities in active markets or other inputs other than quoted prices that can corroborate observable market data. These investments are fixed income securities, including U.S treasury debt, foreign debt, corporate debt, preferred stocks, mortgage-backed securities and fixed income mutual funds and other investments, all of which are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. We review and update our fair value hierarchy classifications quarterly. There were no transfers between Levels 1 and 2 for the three months ended March 31, 2019. There are no Level 3 investments in the preneed funeral trust investment portfolio. See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for further information on the fair value measurement and the three-level hierarchy.

The cost and fair market values associated with preneed funeral trust investments at March 31, 2019 are detailed below (in thousands, except percentages):



	Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Market Value
Cash and money market accounts	1	$	23,147	$	—	$	—		$	23,147
Fixed income securities:
U.S treasury debt	1	1,318		2		(12		)	1,308
Foreign debt	2	5,531		171		(241		)	5,461
Corporate debt	2	14,589		515		(454		)	14,650
Preferred stock	2	12,675		273		(772		)	12,176
Mortgage-backed securities	2	740		93		(24		)	809
Common stock	1	28,750		2,173		(3,680		)	27,243
Mutual funds:
Fixed income	2	1,294		9		(22		)	1,281
Other investments	2	2,976		—		—			2,976
Trust securities		$	91,020	$	3,236	$	(5,205	)	$	89,051
Accrued investment income		$	692						$	692
Preneed funeral trust investments									$	89,743
Market value as a percentage of cost									97.8		%

The estimated maturities of the fixed income securities included above are as follows (in thousands):



Due in one year or less	$	496
Due in one to five years	3,889
Due in five to ten years	8,925
Thereafter	21,094
Total	$	34,404

The cost and fair market values associated with preneed funeral trust investments at December 31, 2018 are detailed below (in thousands, except percentages):



	Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses			Fair Market Value
Cash and money market accounts	1	$	31,375	$	—	$	—		$	31,375
Fixed income securities:
U.S. treasury debt	1	1,319		3		(19		)	1,303
Foreign debt	2	3,748		44		(503		)	3,289
Corporate debt	2	14,195		294		(1,025		)	13,464
Preferred stock	2	11,500		54		(1,194		)	10,360
Mortgage-backed securities	2	772		168		(18		)	922
Common stock	1	24,803		887		(5,389		)	20,301
Mutual funds:
Fixed income	2	275		—		(29		)	246
Other investments	2	3,006		—		—			3,006
Trust securities		$	90,993	$	1,450	$	(8,177	)	$	84,266
Accrued investment income		$	537						$	537
Preneed funeral trust investments									$	84,803
Market value as a percentage of cost									92.6		%

We determine whether or not the assets in the preneed funeral trust investments have other-than-temporary impairments on a security-by-security basis. This assessment is made based upon a number of criteria including the length of time a security has been in a loss position, changes in market conditions and concerns related to the specific issuer. If a loss is considered to be other-than-temporary, the cost basis of the security is adjusted downward to its fair market value. Any reduction in the cost basis of the investment due to an other-than-temporary impairment is likewise recorded as a reduction to Deferred preneed funeral receipts held in trust on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. In the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2019, we did not record any impairments for other-than-temporary declines in the fair value related to unrealized losses on certain investments. There is no impact on earnings until such time that the loss is realized in the trusts, allocated to preneed contracts and the services are performed or the merchandise is delivered, causing the contract to be withdrawn from the trust in accordance with state regulations.

At March 31, 2019, we had certain investments within our preneed funeral trust investments that had tax lots in loss positions for more than one year. Based on our analyses of these securities, the companies’ businesses and current market conditions, we determined that these investment losses were temporary in nature.

Our preneed funeral trust investment unrealized losses, their associated fair market values, and the duration of unrealized losses as of March 31, 2019 are shown in the following table (in thousands):



	March 31, 2019
	In Loss Position Less than 12 months					In Loss Position Greater than 12 months					Total
	Fair Market Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Market Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Market Value		Unrealized Losses
Fixed income securities:
U.S. treasury debt	$	—	$	—		$	812	$	(12	)	$	812	$	(12	)
Foreign debt	2,025		(42		)	1,138		(199		)	3,163		(241		)
Corporate debt	1,097		(63		)	5,117		(391		)	6,214		(454		)
Preferred stock	4,796		(244		)	3,855		(528		)	8,651		(772		)
Mortgage-backed securities	6		—			188		(24		)	194		(24		)
Common stock	13,083		(2,282		)	1,409		(1,398		)	14,492		(3,680		)
Mutual Funds:
Fixed income	284		(1		)	254		(21		)	538		(22		)
Total temporary impaired securities	$	21,291	$	(2,632	)	$	12,773	$	(2,573	)	$	34,064	$	(5,205	)

Our preneed funeral trust investment unrealized losses, their associated fair market values, and the duration of unrealized losses as of December 31, 2018 are shown in the following table (in thousands):



	December 31, 2018
	In Loss Position Less than 12 months					In Loss Position Greater than 12 months					Total
	Fair Market Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Market Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Market Value		Unrealized Losses
Fixed income securities:
U.S. treasury debt	$	—	$	—		$	1,181	$	(19	)	$	1,181	$	(19	)
Foreign debt	2,180		(251		)	850		(252		)	3,030		(503		)
Corporate debt	9,990		(814		)	434		(211		)	10,424		(1,025		)
Preferred stock	5,967		(460		)	3,673		(734		)	9,640		(1,194		)
Mortgage-backed securities	11		—			120		(18		)	131		(18		)
Common stock	14,327		(4,035		)	1,155		(1,354		)	15,482		(5,389		)
Mutual funds:
Fixed income	—		—			246		(29		)	246		(29		)
Total temporary impaired securities	$	32,475	$	(5,560	)	$	7,659	$	(2,617	)	$	40,134	$	(8,177	)

Preneed funeral trust investment security transactions recorded in Other, net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2019
Investment income	$	412		$	573
Realized gains	2,896			1,320
Realized losses	(609		)	(583		)
Expenses and taxes	(144		)	(228		)
Net change in deferred preneed funeral receipts held in trust	(2,555		)	(1,082		)
	$	—		$	—

Purchases and sales of investments in the preneed funeral trusts for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2019
Purchases	$	(3,286	)	$	(10,759	)
Sales	7,595			2,785