Carriage Services, Inc. (“Carriage,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) is a leading provider of funeral and cemetery services and merchandise in the United States. Our operations are reported in two business segments: Funeral Home Operations, which currently accounts for approximately 70% of our total revenue and Cemetery Operations, which currently accounts for approximately 30% of our total revenue. At September 30, 2025, we operated 159 funeral homes in 24 states and 28 cemeteries in 9 states.

Our funeral home operations are principally service businesses that generate revenue from sales of burial and cremation services and related merchandise, such as caskets and urns. Funeral services include consultation, the removal and preparation of remains, the sale of caskets and related funeral merchandise, the use of funeral home facilities for visitation and memorial services and transportation services. We provide funeral services and products on both an “atneed” (time of death) and “preneed” (planned prior to death) basis.

Our cemetery operations generate revenue primarily through sales of cemetery interment rights (primarily grave sites, lawn crypts, mausoleum spaces and niches), related cemetery merchandise (such as memorial markers, outer burial containers and monuments) and services (interments, inurnments and installation of cemetery merchandise). We provide cemetery services and products on both an atneed and preneed basis.

Our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Our interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited, but include all adjustments, which consist of normal, recurring accruals, that are necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position and results of operations as of and for the interim periods presented.

There have been no material changes in our accounting policies previously disclosed in Part II, Item 8 “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in Note 1 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. In addition, our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in a manner consistent with the accounting principles described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, unless otherwise disclosed herein, and should be read in conjunction therewith.

The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our critical estimates and judgments, which include those related to the impairment of goodwill and the fair value measurements used in business combinations. These policies are considered critical because they may result in fluctuations in our reported results from period to period due to significant judgments, estimates and assumptions about complex and inherently uncertain matters and because the use of different judgments, assumptions or estimates could have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. Actual results may differ from these estimates and such estimates may change if the underlying conditions or assumptions change. Historical performance should not be viewed as indicative of future performance because there can be no assurance the margins, operating income and net earnings, as a percentage of revenue, will be consistent from period to period.

Inventory consists primarily of caskets, outer burial containers and cemetery monuments and markers and is recorded at the lower of its cost basis or net realizable value. Inventory is relieved using specific identification in fulfillment of performance obligations on our contracts.


	September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Accounts receivable, net	$	81	$	833
Inventories	17		302

Current assets held for sale	$	98	$	1,135

Preneed cemetery trust investments	$	—	$	4,876
Preneed funeral trust investments	—		2,197
Preneed cemetery receivables, net	—		1,671
Receivables from funeral preneed trusts, net	4,695		—
Property, plant, and equipment, net	322		4,898
Cemetery property, net	—		3,362
Intangible and other non-current assets, net	—		215
Operating lease right-of-use assets	39		—
Cemetery perpetual care trust investments	—		2,234
Non-current assets held for sale	$	5,056	$	19,453

Current portion of operating lease obligations	$	9	$	—
Accounts payable	51		94
Accrued and other liabilities	84		146
Current liabilities held for sale	$	144	$	240

Obligations under operating leases, net of current portion	$	30	$	—
Deferred preneed cemetery revenue	—		3,517
Deferred preneed funeral revenue	4,695		1,018
Deferred preneed cemetery receipts held in trust	—		4,876
Deferred preneed funeral receipts held in trust	—		2,197
Care trusts’ corpus	—		2,234
Long-term liabilities held for sale	$	4,725	$	13,842

The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets of funeral home businesses and cemeteries we acquire is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill has an indefinite life and is not subject to amortization. As such, we test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis as of August 31st each year. Under current guidance, we are permitted to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative goodwill impairment test.

We performed our most recent annual goodwill impairment test as of August 31, 2025. We intend to perform a quantitative impairment test at least once every three years and perform a qualitative assessment during the remaining two years. We conducted qualitative assessments in 2023 and 2024; however, we performed a quantitative assessment in 2025. No goodwill impairment was recorded as a result of our assessments. In addition to our annual test, we assess the impairment of goodwill whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of a reporting unit may be greater than fair value. Factors that could trigger an interim impairment review include, but are not limited to, significant negative industry or economic trends and significant adverse changes in the business climate, which may be indicated by a decline in our market capitalization or decline in operating results.

Our quantitative goodwill impairment test involves estimates and management judgment. In the quantitative analysis, we compare the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, the goodwill of that reporting unit is not considered impaired. We determine fair value for each reporting unit using an income approach, weighted 80%, and two market approaches, weighted 10% each. Our methodology for determining an income-based fair value is based on discounting projected future cash flows. The projected future cash flows include assumptions concerning future operating performance and economic conditions that may differ from actual future cash flows discounted at our weighted average cost of capital based on market participant assumptions. Our first methodology for determining a market approach fair value utilizes the guideline public company method, in which we rely on market multiples

of comparable companies operating in the same industry as the individual reporting units. Our second market approach methodology utilizes the guideline transaction method, in which transaction multiples are derived from acquisitions of controlling interests in companies engaged in the same or similar lines of business as the reporting units. In accordance with the guidance, if the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount an impairment charge is recorded in an amount equal to the difference.

When we divest a portion of a reporting unit that constitutes a business in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), we allocate goodwill associated with that business to be included in the gain or loss on divestiture. The goodwill allocated is based on the relative fair value of the business being divested and the portion of the reporting unit that will be retained. Additionally, after each divestiture, we will test the goodwill remaining in the portion of the reporting unit to be retained for impairment using a qualitative assessment unless we deem a quantitative assessment to be appropriate to ensure the fair value of our reporting units is greater than their carrying value.

Our intangible assets include tradenames resulting from acquisitions and are included in Intangible and other non-current assets, net on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our tradenames are considered to have an indefinite life and are not subject to amortization. As such, we test our intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis as of August 31st each year. Under current guidance, we are permitted to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the tradename is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative impairment test.

We performed our most recent annual intangible assets impairment test as of August 31, 2025. We intend to perform a quantitative impairment test at least once every three years and perform a qualitative assessment during the remaining two years. We conducted qualitative assessments in 2023 and 2024; however, we performed a quantitative assessment in 2025. In addition to our intangible assets annual test, we assess the impairment of intangible assets whenever certain events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the intangible asset may be greater than the fair value. Factors that could trigger an interim impairment review include, but are not limited to, significant under-performance relative to historical or projected future operating results and significant negative industry or economic trends.

Our quantitative intangible asset impairment test involves estimates and management judgment. Our quantitative analysis is performed using the relief from royalty method, which measures the tradenames by determining the value of the royalties that we are relieved from paying due to our ownership of the asset. We determine the fair value of the asset by discounting the cash flows that represent a savings in lieu of paying a royalty fee for use of the tradename. The discounted cash flow valuation uses projections of future cash flows and includes assumptions concerning future operating performance and economic conditions that may differ from actual future cash flows and the determination and application of an appropriate royalty rate and discount rate. To estimate the royalty rates for the individual tradename, we mainly rely on the profit split method, but also consider the comparable third-party license agreements and the return on asset method. A scorecard is used to assess the relative strength of the individual tradename to further adjust the royalty rates selected under the profit-split method for qualitative factors. In accordance with the guidance, if the fair value of the tradename is less than its carrying amount, then an impairment charge is recorded in an amount equal to the difference.

Our 2025 quantitative assessment did not indicate any impairment to intangible assets as a result of our testing. As a result of our 2024 qualitative assessment, we determined that there were factors that would indicate the need to perform additional quantitative impairment tests for certain funeral home businesses. As a result of these additional quantitative impairment tests, we recorded an impairment to the tradenames for certain funeral home businesses of $0.6 million, during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as the carrying amount of these tradenames exceeded their fair value.


	September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Land	$	92,739	$	86,609
Buildings and improvements	266,089		265,231
Furniture, equipment and vehicles	69,244		72,052
Property, plant, and equipment, at cost	428,072		423,892
Less: accumulated depreciation	(143,270)		(145,990)
Property, plant, and equipment, net	$	284,802	$	277,902
Less: Held for sale	(322)		(4,898)
Property, plant, and equipment, net	$	284,480	$	273,004

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we acquired $23.3 million of property, plant and equipment related to our business combinations, described in Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. We sold nine funeral homes and four cemeteries that had a carrying value of property, plant, and equipment of $10.7 million, and we sold real property for $4.1 million, with a carrying value of $2.6 million, resulting in a $1.1 million gain on the sale. The impacts of these transactions are recorded in Net loss on divestitures and impairment charges on our Consolidated Statements of Operation and more fully described in Note 5 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. We also recognized an impairment of $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 on assets classified as held for sale.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we sold six funeral homes and one cemetery that had a carrying value of property, plant, and equipment of $3.1 million, which was included in the loss on sale and recorded in Net loss on divestitures and impairment charges on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Additionally, we sold real property for $1.1 million, with a carrying value of $0.8 million and we recognized an impairment related to property, plant and equipment for assets held for sale of $40 thousand, which was recorded in Net loss on divestitures and impairment charges on our Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Our growth and maintenance capital expenditures totaled $2.2 million and $3.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $5.2 million and $6.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. In addition, we recorded depreciation expense of $3.2 million and $3.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $10.0 million and $10.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

When we acquire a cemetery, we utilize an internal and external approach to determine the fair value of the cemetery property. From an external perspective, we obtain an accredited appraisal to provide reasonable assurance for property existence, property availability (unrestricted) for development, property lines, available spaces to sell, identifiable obstacles or easements and general valuation inclusive of known variables in that market. From an internal perspective, we conduct a detailed analysis of the acquired cemetery property using other cemeteries in our portfolio as a benchmark. This provides the added benefit of relevant data that is not available to third party appraisers. Through this thorough internal process, we are able to identify viable costs of property based on historical experience, particular markets and demographics, reasonable margins, practical retail prices, and park infrastructure and condition.

Cemetery property was $116.6 million and $112.9 million, net of accumulated amortization of $76.3 million and $72.6 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. When cemetery property is sold, the value of the cemetery property (interment right costs) is expensed as amortization using the specific identification method in the period in which the sale of the interment right is recognized as revenue. Our growth capital expenditures for cemetery property development totaled $4.5 million and $1.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $7.5 million and $5.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We recorded amortization expense for cemetery interment rights of $2.8 million and $2.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $6.8 million and $6.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we sold four cemeteries that had a carrying value of cemetery property of $3.4 million, which was included in the gain on sale and recorded in Net loss on divestitures and impairment charges on our Consolidated Statements of Operations, more fully described in Note 5 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we sold one cemetery that had a carrying value of cemetery property of $0.8 million, which was included in the loss on sale and recorded in Net loss on divestitures and impairment charges on our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Income tax expense was $3.1 million and $5.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $13.6 million and $12.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Our operating tax rate before discrete items was 35.3% and 33.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and 32.0% and 33.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) was signed into law. The OBBBA made several key provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 permanent, including 100% bonus depreciation, the immediate expensing of domestic research costs, and the introduction of a favorable modification to the business interest expense limitation. Together, these changes accelerate the timing of certain tax deductions in the current period that allow for reductions in cash taxes. The Company has completed its assessment of the legislation’s impact and determined that it did not have a material effect on the Company's annualized effective tax rate.