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Intangible assets, net
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Intangible assets, net  
Intangible assets, net

13.  Intangible assets, net

The composition and movement of intangible assets is as follows:

Useful

Gross value 

Accumulated amortization

Net carrying amount

Life

At December 31,

    

Years

    

2023

    

2022

    

2023

    

2022

    

2023

    

2022

Software

 

1 - 4

US$

58,281

US$

47,850

US$

(42,062)

US$

(35,125)

US$

16,219

US$

12,725

Balance as of January 1st, 2022

US$

12,632

Additions

6,790

Amortization

(6,696)

Exchange differences

(1)

Balance as of December 31, 2022

 

12,725

Additions

 

10,387

Amortization

 

(6,895)

Exchange differences

 

2

Balance as of December 31, 2023

US$

16,219

During the second half of 2021 and beginning of 2022 the Company implemented the SAP S/4HANA software. During 2022 and 2021 the costs directly attributable to developments and improvements to systems were recognized as an intangible asset and other non-qualifying costs as part of the implementation were recognized in the statements of operations.

Software amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was US$6,895 and US$6,696, US$6,752, respectively. These amounts were recognized in depreciation and amortization caption on the consolidated statements of operations.