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Equity

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

19. Equity

As of December 31, 2023, the total number of the Company’s authorized shares was 1,165,976,677; represented by common registered shares, issued and with no par value, fully subscribed and paid, comprised as follows:


	Shares
	Fixed	Variable
	Class I	Class II	Total shares
Series A shares ⁽¹⁾	24,180	1,165,952,497	1,165,976,677
Series B shares ⁽¹⁾	—	—	—
	24,180	1,165,952,497	1,165,976,677
Treasury shares (Note 18)	—	(14,525,694)	(14,525,694)	⁽¹⁾
	24,180	1,151,426,803	1,151,450,983

⁽¹⁾ During the year ended December 31, 2023, a total of 330,453 forfeited shares have been included as part of treasury shares.

As of December 31, 2022, the total number of the Company’s authorized shares was 1,165,976,677; represented by common registered shares, issued and with no par value, fully subscribed and paid, comprised as follows:


	Shares
	Fixed	Variable
	Class I	Class II	Total shares
Series A shares ⁽¹⁾	10,478	1,108,452,326	1,108,462,804
Series B shares ⁽¹⁾	13,702	57,500,171	57,513,873
	24,180	1,165,952,497	1,165,976,677
Treasury shares (Note 18)	—	(13,452,393)	(13,452,393)	⁽¹⁾
	24,180	1,152,500,104	1,152,524,284

⁽¹⁾ During the year ended December 31, 2022, a total of 103,712 forfeited shares have been included as part of treasury shares.

On November 22, 2023, the holders of all of the 57,513,873 outstanding Series B shares of the Company concluded the conversion of all Series B Shares into 57,513,873 Series A Shares represented by Ordinary Participation Certificates in the form of the corresponding American Depositary Shares.

All shares representing the Company’s capital stock, either Series A shares or Series B shares, grant the holders the same economic rights and there are no preferences and/or restrictions attaching to any class of shares on the distribution of dividends and the repayment of capital. Holders of the Company’s Series A common stock and Series B common stock are entitled to dividends when, and if, declared by a shareholders’ resolution. The Company’s revolving line of credit with Santander and Bancomext limits the Company’s ability to declare and pay dividends if the Company fails to comply with the payment terms thereunder. Only Series A shares from the Company are listed.

During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 the Company did not declare any dividends.

In accordance with the Mexican Corporations Act, the Company is required to allocate at least 5% of the net income of each year to increase the legal reserve. This practice must be continued until the legal reserve reaches 20% of capital stock. As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s legal reserve was US$17,363, or 7%, respectively of our capital stock.

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not allocate any amount to the legal reserve fund. As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 the Company’s legal reserve has not reached the 20% of its capital stock.

Any distribution of earnings in excess of the net tax profit account Cuenta de Utilidad Fiscal Neta (“CUFIN”) balance will be subject to corporate income tax, payable by the Company, at the enacted income tax rate at that time. A 10% withholding tax is imposed on dividends distributions to individuals and foreign shareholders from earnings generated starting January 1, 2014. Dividends paid will be free of Income taxes if they come from the (“CUFIN”). Dividends that exceed the (“CUFIN”) and of the Cuenta de Utilidad Fiscal Reinvertida (“CUFINRE”) will cause a tax equivalent to 42.86%.

Shareholders may contribute certain amounts for future increases in capital stock, either in the fixed or variable capital. Said contributions will be kept in a special account until the shareholders meeting authorizes an increase in the capital stock of the Company, at which time each shareholder will have a preferential right to subscribe and pay the increase with the contributions previously made. As it is not strictly regulated in Mexican law, the shareholders meeting may agree to return the contributions to the shareholders or even set a term in which the increase in the capital stock must be authorized. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had balance of US$0.1 and US$0.1, respectively.

a) Earnings (loss) per share

Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS” or “LPS”) amounts are calculated by dividing the net earnings (loss) for the year attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period.

Diluted EPS (LPS) amounts are calculated by dividing the earnings (loss) attributable to ordinary equity holders of the parent (after adjusting for interest on the convertible preference shares, if any), by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year plus the weighted average number of ordinary shares that would be issued on conversion of all the dilutive potential ordinary shares into ordinary shares (to the extent that their effect is dilutive).

The following table shows the calculations of the basic and diluted earnings income (loss) per share for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021.


	As of December 31,
	2023		2022		2021
Net income (loss) for the period	US$	7,819	US$	(80,224)	US$	106,453
Weighted average number of shares outstanding (in thousands):
Basic		1,152,609		1,155,030		1,152,256
Diluted		1,165,451		1,165,135		1,165,612
EPS – LPS:
Basic	US$	0.007	US$	(0.069)	US$	0.092
Diluted	US$	0.007	US$	(0.069)	US$	0.091

There have been no other transactions involving ordinary shares or potential ordinary shares between the reporting date and the date of authorization of these financial statements.