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Note 17 - Property, Plant and Equipment
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Statement Line Items [Line Items]  
Disclosure of property, plant and equipment [text block]
17
       Property, plant and equipment
 
 
 
Land and buildings
 
Mine development, infrastructure and other
 
Exploration and Evaluation assets
 
Plant and equipment
 
Fixtures and fittings
 
Motor
vehicles
 
Total
Cost
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1, 2017
 
 
8,367
 
 
 
45,078
 
 
 
6,967
 
 
 
24,536
 
 
 
876
 
 
 
2,255
 
 
 
88,079
 
Additions
**
 
 
—  
 
 
 
*17,464
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
3,377
 
 
 
36
 
 
 
72
 
 
 
20,949
 
Impairments
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(12
)
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(12
)
Disposals and scrappings
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(2
)
 
 
(2
)
Reallocations between asset classes
 
 
1,051
 
 
 
(1,051
)
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(20
)
 
 
20
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
Foreign exchange movement
 
 
16
 
 
 
7
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
11
 
 
 
4
 
 
 
38
 
Balance at December 31, 2017
 
 
9,434
 
 
 
61,498
 
 
 
6,967
 
 
 
27,881
 
 
 
943
 
 
 
2,329
 
 
 
109,052
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1, 2018
 
 
9,434
 
 
 
61,498
 
 
 
6,967
 
 
 
27,881
 
 
 
943
 
 
 
2,329
 
 
 
109,052
 
Additions
**
 
 
—  
 
 
 
*18,719
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
899
 
 
 
202
 
 
 
95
 
 
 
19,915
 
Impairments
***
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(60
)
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(529
)
 
 
(216
)
 
 
(17
)
 
 
(822
)
Assets held for sale
 
 
(140
)
 
 
(74
)
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(214
)
Reallocations between asset classes
 
 
1,068
 
 
 
(5,525
)
 
 
—  
 
 
 
4,457
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
Foreign exchange movement
 
 
(23
)
 
 
(49
)
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(33
)
 
 
(6
)
 
 
(5
)
 
 
(116
)
Balance at December 31, 2018
 
 
10,339
 
 
 
74,509
 
 
 
6,967
 
 
 
32,675
 
 
 
923
 
 
 
2,402
 
 
 
127,815
 
 
There are commitments to purchase plant and equipment totalling
$3,981
(
2017:
$2,125
) at year end.
 
 
* Included in additions to mine development, infrastructure and other assets is an amount of
$161
(
2017:
$218
) relating to rehabilitation asset capitalised, refer note
25.
 
** Included in additions is an amount of
$19,323
(
2017:
$19,556
) relating to capital work in progress (“CWIP”) and contains
$61
(
2017:$
155
) of borrowing costs capitalised from the term loan. As at year end $
$62,624
of CWIP was included in the closing balance (
2017:
$48,943
).
 
*** Items of Property, plant and equipment were impaired during
2018
certain CWIP projects being cancelled and underground equipment that could
not
be verified.
 
 
 
Land and buildings
 
 
Mine development, infrastructure and other
 
 
Exploration and Evaluation assets
 
 
Plant and equipment
 
 
Fixtures and fittings
 
 
Motor
vehicles
 
 
Total
 
Accumulated depreciation and Impairment losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1, 2017
 
 
2,950
 
 
 
4,541
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
13,229
 
 
 
642
 
 
 
1,844
 
 
 
23,206
 
Depreciation for the year
 
 
686
 
 
 
631
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
2,153
 
 
 
115
 
 
 
178
 
 
 
3,763
 
Foreign exchange movement
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
4
 
 
 
1
 
 
 
5
 
Balance at December 31, 2017
 
 
3,636
 
 
 
5,172
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
15,382
 
 
 
761
 
 
 
2,023
 
 
 
26,974
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1, 2018
 
 
3,636
 
 
 
5,172
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
15,382
 
 
 
761
 
 
 
2,023
 
 
 
26,974
 
Depreciation for the year
 
 
775
 
 
 
649
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
2,404
 
 
 
99
 
 
 
144
 
 
 
4,071
 
Impairments
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(429
)
 
 
(170
)
 
 
(15
)
 
 
(614
)
Foreign exchange movement
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
(41
)
 
 
(2
)
 
 
(43
)
Balance at December 31, 2018
 
 
4,411
 
 
 
5,821
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
17,357
 
 
 
649
 
 
 
2,150
 
 
 
30,388
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Carrying amounts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At December 31, 2017
 
 
5,798
 
 
 
56,326
 
 
 
6,967
 
 
 
12,499
 
 
 
182
 
 
 
306
 
 
 
82,078
 
At December 31, 2018
 
 
5,928
 
 
 
68,688
 
 
 
6,967
 
 
 
15,318
 
 
 
274
 
 
 
252
 
 
 
97,427
 
 
Economic recovery
 
Items of Property, plant and equipment are depreciated over the LoMP, which includes planned production from inferred resources. These inferred resources are included in the calculation when the economic recovery thereof is demonstrated by the achieved recovered grade relative to the mine’s pay limit for the period
2006
to
2016.
The pay limit has ranged from
2.3
g/t in
2008
to
1.9
g/t in
2018
while the recovered grade has ranged from
4.0
g/t to
3.26
g/t over the period. All-in-sustaining-cost
*
has remained consistently below the gold price received over this period resulting in economic recovery of the inferred resources.
 
* All-in sustaining cost (“AISC”) per ounce, is calculated as the on-mine cost per ounce to produce gold (which includes production costs before intercompany eliminations and exploration costs)
plus
royalty paid, additional costs incurred outside the mine (i.e. at offices in Harare, Johannesburg, London and Jersey), costs associated with maintaining the operating infrastructure and resource base that are required to maintain production at the current levels (sustaining capital investment), the share-based expense arising from the LTIP less silver by-product revenue and the export incentive credit