Change in significant accounting policies

A number of other new standards are also effective from

January 1, 2019

but they do

not

have a material effect on the Group’s financial statements.

(a) and (b) were initially applied in fiscal

2019.

2018.

(a)

IFRS

- Leases

The Group initially applied IFRS

Leases from

January 1, 2019.

A number of other new standards are also effective from

January 1, 2019

but they do

not

have a material effect on the Group’s financial statements. The Group applied IFRS

using the modified retrospective approach, under which the cumulative effect of initial application has to be recognised in retained earnings at

January 1, 2019,

although the adoption of IFRS

had

significant effect on the Group’s retained earnings at initial recognition. Accordingly, the comparative information presented for

2018

and

2017

are

not

restated – i.e. it is presented, as previously reported, under IAS

and related interpretations. The details of the change in the accounting policy is disclosed below. Additionally, the disclosure requirements in IFRS

have

not

been applied to comparative information.

As a lessee, the Group leases property for its administrative offices in Jersey, Channel Islands and in Johannesburg, South Africa. The Group previously classified leases as operating leases based on its assessment of whether the lease transferred significantly all of the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the underlying asset to the Group. Under IFRS

16,

the Group recognises right of use assets and lease liabilities for these leases – i.e. these leases are on-balance sheet.

Leases classified as operating leases under IAS

Previously, the Group classified property leases as operating leases under IAS

17.

On transition, for these leases, lease liabilities were measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted at the Group’s incremental borrowing rates as at

January 1, 2019,

and

10,25%

for each of the

two

leases accounted for at

December 31, 2019.

Right of use assets are measured at an amount equal to the lease liability, adjusted by the amount of any prepaid or accrued lease payments.

The Group has tested its right of use assets for impairment on the date of transition and concluded that there were

indications that the right of use assets were impaired.

The Group used a number of practical expedients when applying IFRS

to leases previously classified as operating leases under IAS

17.

In particular, the Group:

•

did

not

recognise right of use assets and liabilities for leases for which the lease term ends within

months of the date of initial application;

•

did

not

recognise right of use assets and liabilities for leases of low value assets;

•

excluded initial direct costs from the measurement of the right of use asset at the date of initial application; and

•

used hindsight when determining the lease term.

ii)

Impact on initial date of transition to IFRS

The impact of initial date of transition is summarised below:	$’000

Right of use assets (cost) – Property, plant and equipment (note 18)	410
Right of use assets (accumulated depreciation) – Property, plant and equipment (note 18)	(146	)
Lease liabilities – Trade and other payables	264

When measuring lease liabilities for leases that were classified as operating leases, the Group discounted lease payments using its incremental borrowing rate at

January 1, 2019.

The weighted-average rate applied ranged between

and

10,25%.

(b)

IFRIC

Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments

IFRIC

provides guidance on the accounting for current and deferred tax liabilities and assets in circumstances in which there is uncertainty over income tax treatments.

The Interpretation requires:

•

The Group to determine whether uncertain tax treatments should be considered separately, or together as a group, based on which approach provides better predictions of the resolution;

•

The Group to determine if it is probable that the tax authorities will accept the uncertain tax treatment; and

•

If it is

not

probable that the uncertain tax treatment will be accepted, measure the tax uncertainty based on the most likely amount or expected value, depending on whichever method better predicts the resolution of the uncertainty. This measurement is required to be based on the assumption that each of the tax authorities will examine amounts they have a right to examine and have full knowledge of all related information when making those examinations.

The Group’s existing accounting policy for uncertain income tax treatments is consistent with the requirements in IFRIC

Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments, which became effective on

January 1, 2019

and required

adjustment to the amounts in the financial statements.

(c)

IFRS

– Financial instruments

The Group adopted IFRS

January 1, 2018.

The limited retrospective approach followed in the adoption of IFRS

did

not

have a significant effect on the Group’s financial assets and liabilities.

As a result of the adoption of IFRS

the Group has adopted consequential amendments to IAS

- Presentation of Financial Statements, which require impairment of financial assets to be presented in a separate line item in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. Previously, the Group’s approach was to include the impairment of the royalty rebate in other expenses. Consequently, the Group reclassified impairment losses amounting to

$181,

recognised under IAS

39,

from other expenses to impairment loss on trade receivables in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the year ended

December 31, 2017.

(d)

IFRS

– Revenue from contracts with customers

The Group has adopted IFRS

January 1, 2018.

The Group’s revenue arrangements consist of a single performance obligation to transfer promised goods. As a result, the Group did

not

identify any material differences in the amount and timing of revenue recognition for its revenue. Accordingly, the Group did

not

record any transition adjustment upon adoption of the new guidance. Under the new standard, substantially all of the Group’s revenue is recognised when the goods are delivered to Fidelity Printers and Refiners Limited.

IFRS

establishes a comprehensive framework for determining whether, how much and when revenue is recognised. It replaced IAS

- Revenue, IAS

- Construction Contracts and related interpretations. Under IFRS

15,

revenue is recognised when a customer obtains control of the goods or services. Determining the timing of the transfer of control, at a point in time or over time, requires judgement.