<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001193125-26-232717.txt : 20260520
<SEC-HEADER>0001193125-26-232717.hdr.sgml : 20260520
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20260520163515
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001193125-26-232717
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		11
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20260520
ITEM INFORMATION:		Other Events
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20260520
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20260520

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			PALVELLA THERAPEUTICS, INC.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001583648
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	03 Life Sciences
		EIN:				300784346
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NV
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-37471
		FILM NUMBER:		261004568

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		353 W. LANCASTER AVENUE
		STREET 2:		SUITE 200
		CITY:			WAYNE
		STATE:			PA
		ZIP:			19087
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(484) 253-1461

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		353 W. LANCASTER AVENUE
		STREET 2:		SUITE 200
		CITY:			WAYNE
		STATE:			PA
		ZIP:			19087

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20241213

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	PIERIS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20141218

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	Marika Inc.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20130805
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>8-K
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>pvla-20260520.htm
<DESCRIPTION>8-K
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'?>
<!-- DFIN New ActiveDisclosure (SM) Inline XBRL Document - http://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- Creation Date :2026-05-20T15:36:53.0928+00:00 -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2026 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ix="http://www.xbrl.org/2013/inlineXBRL" xmlns:nonNumeric="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025" xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217" xmlns:pvla="http://palvellatx.com/20260520" xmlns:ixt-sec="http://www.sec.gov/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-08-31" xmlns:ixt="http://www.xbrl.org/inlineXBRL/transformation/2022-02-16" xmlns:utr="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/utr">
 <head>
  <title>8-K</title>
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"/>
 </head>
 <body style="padding:8px;margin:auto!important;z-index:0;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;position:relative;">
  <div style="display:none;"><ix:header><ix:hidden><ix:nonNumeric id="F_b629baa0-c6e8-416f-8639-ec45d2167878" name="dei:EntityCentralIndexKey" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c">0001583648</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric id="F_d68b5346-ba24-4b2a-933c-b596d2937fc2" name="dei:AmendmentFlag" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" format="ixt:fixed-false">false</ix:nonNumeric></ix:hidden><ix:references><link:schemaRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pvla-20260520.xsd"/></ix:references><ix:resources><xbrli:context id="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"><xbrli:entity><xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001583648</xbrli:identifier></xbrli:entity><xbrli:period><xbrli:startDate>2026-05-20</xbrli:startDate><xbrli:endDate>2026-05-20</xbrli:endDate></xbrli:period></xbrli:context></ix:resources></ix:header></div>
  <div style="z-index:2;min-height:0.5in;position:relative;"></div>
  <div class="main-content-container" style="z-index:5;position:relative;"><p style="border-top:2.25pt double;padding-top:1pt;font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:18pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">UNITED STATES</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:18pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Washington, D.C. 20549</span></p><p style="margin-left:40%;font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;margin-right:40%;text-align:center;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:18pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">FORM </span><span style="font-size:18pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"><ix:nonNumeric id="F_e13c2339-0248-4dce-b9e0-c3fcebcc9da6" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:DocumentType"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:18pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">8-K</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p><p style="margin-left:40%;font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;margin-right:40%;text-align:center;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:9pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">CURRENT REPORT</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:9pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:6pt;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934</span></p>
   <table style="border-spacing:0;table-layout:auto;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;">
    <tr style="visibility:collapse;">
     <td style="width:100%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;margin-right:0.398%;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): </span><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_fa18ab02-debd-4d00-a1c5-757f560bc3ca" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate" format="ixt:date-monthname-day-year-en"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">May 20, 2026</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p></td>
    </tr>
   </table><p style="margin-left:40%;font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;margin-right:40%;text-align:center;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:24pt;font-family:Times New Roman;"><ix:nonNumeric id="F_cf850c6a-4f69-4d83-b6cd-ea39bbb06e3e" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:24pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Palvella Therapeutics, Inc.</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:3pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:7.5pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</span></p><p style="margin-left:40%;font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;margin-right:40%;text-align:center;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p>
   <table style="border-spacing:0;table-layout:auto;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;">
    <tr style="visibility:collapse;">
     <td style="width:20%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:1%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:20%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:18%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:41%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td colspan="3" style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_020cf4a4-99f6-4cfb-8d61-7768089773bb" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Nevada</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_d9abebbc-55bb-4977-9407-16efbec5dd81" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:EntityFileNumber"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">001-37471</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_1f517933-ad05-4211-951a-0164709ecba9" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">30-0784346</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p></td>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:7pt;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td colspan="3" style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:7.5pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">(State or other jurisdiction<br/>of incorporation)</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:7.5pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">(Commission File Number)</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:7.5pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">(IRS Employer<br/>Identification No.)</span></p></td>
    </tr>
    <tr style="word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td colspan="3" style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0.75pt;text-align:center;"><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_11a00a33-f763-46b3-88e2-6209682c35f9" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">353 W. Lancaster Ave</span></ix:nonNumeric></span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">, </span><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_6a707b0a-f13e-46f1-b32b-e71921db2e68" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine2"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Suite 200</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p></td>
     <td colspan="2" style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td colspan="3" style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_5d2cc1e6-9da2-47f6-953b-7a9854691104" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Wayne</span></ix:nonNumeric></span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">, </span><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_5e8c4868-4660-4185-ab42-cdc1f6fb10ae" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Pennsylvania</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:bottom;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_cc0d3b24-4be1-444b-86fc-2e6e687a670b" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">19087</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p></td>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:7pt;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td colspan="3" style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:7.5pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">(Address of principal executive offices)</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:7.5pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">(Zip Code)</span></p></td>
    </tr>
   </table><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p>
   <table style="border-spacing:0;table-layout:auto;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;">
    <tr style="visibility:collapse;">
     <td style="width:100%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0.13in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;margin-right:0.398%;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Registrant&#8217;s telephone number, including area code:</span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;(</span><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_9eb9f9a6-39a5-43e8-8f36-ed6e8abc529c" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:CityAreaCode"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">484</span></ix:nonNumeric></span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">)</span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> </span><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_90595058-4b3b-4224-9f77-bff48d35813d" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">253-1461</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p></td>
    </tr>
   </table><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:7.5pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)</span></p><p style="margin-left:40%;font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;border-bottom:1pt solid #000000;margin-right:40%;text-align:center;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:6pt;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:</span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> </span></p><p style="text-indent:-4.749%;padding-left:4.533%;font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'MS Gothic',sans-serif;"><ix:nonNumeric id="F_0d44d74b-4179-4212-bfe5-ba872151050c" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:WrittenCommunications" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:'MS Gothic',sans-serif;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#9744;</span></ix:nonNumeric></span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</span></p><p style="text-indent:-4.749%;padding-left:4.533%;font-size:10pt;margin-top:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'MS Gothic',sans-serif;"><ix:nonNumeric id="F_9933ca1d-55fa-4f55-94e8-d59c2824b96e" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:SolicitingMaterial" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:'MS Gothic',sans-serif;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#9744;</span></ix:nonNumeric></span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</span></p><p style="text-indent:-4.749%;padding-left:4.533%;font-size:10pt;margin-top:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'MS Gothic',sans-serif;"><ix:nonNumeric id="F_ebee9ce1-cddf-4adc-9dba-7fd9b3d01057" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:'MS Gothic',sans-serif;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#9744;</span></ix:nonNumeric></span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</span></p><p style="text-indent:-4.749%;padding-left:4.533%;font-size:10pt;margin-top:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'MS Gothic',sans-serif;"><ix:nonNumeric id="F_0562e792-523b-4e3b-a09e-4dda0672cd50" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:'MS Gothic',sans-serif;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#9744;</span></ix:nonNumeric></span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p>
   <table style="border-spacing:0;table-layout:auto;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;">
    <tr style="visibility:collapse;">
     <td style="width:38%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:1%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:15%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:1%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:45%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:bottom;padding-bottom:0in;border-bottom:0.25pt solid;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Title of each class</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;border-bottom:0.25pt solid #ffffff03;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;border-bottom:0.25pt solid;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Trading</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Symbol(s)</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;border-bottom:0.25pt solid #ffffff03;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:bottom;padding-bottom:0in;border-bottom:0.25pt solid;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Name of each exchange on which registered</span></p></td>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_3131949f-8375-4819-9b7d-301b73507a8f" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:Security12bTitle"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_c5dc7c29-171e-47a7-a567-a5c0ded64e43" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:TradingSymbol"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">PVLA</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">The </span><span><ix:nonNumeric id="F_57b5bb0e-911e-406d-b70e-d70529eb2b06" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:SecurityExchangeName" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Nasdaq</span></ix:nonNumeric></span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;Global Market</span></p></td>
    </tr>
   </table><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;&#8239;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;&#8239;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> </span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Emerging growth company </span><span style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'MS Gothic',sans-serif;"><ix:nonNumeric id="F_2d60cf5d-cb8e-4998-ae50-ab2fe1163c7a" contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:'MS Gothic',sans-serif;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#9744;</span></ix:nonNumeric></span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:6pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. &#9744;</span></p><p style="padding-bottom:1pt;font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;border-bottom:2.25pt double;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></div>
  <div style="z-index:2;flex-direction:column;display:flex;min-height:0.5in;justify-content:flex-end;position:relative;"></div>
  <hr style="margin-inline-start:auto;margin-inline-end:auto;page-break-after:always;"/>
  <div style="z-index:2;min-height:0.5in;position:relative;"></div>
  <div class="main-content-container" style="z-index:5;position:relative;"><h2 style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:10pt;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Item 8.01	Other Events.</span></h2><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:2pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">On May 20, 2026, Palvella Therapeutics, Inc. (the &#8220;</span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;text-decoration:underline solid;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Company</span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#8221;) issued a press release announcing that new positive clinical data and findings from the Company&#8217;s Phase 3 SELVA and Phase 2 TOIVA studies were reported at the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies World Congress 2026. A copy of the press release is filed as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference.</span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">  </span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p>
   <table style="border-spacing:0;table-layout:auto;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;">
    <tr style="visibility:collapse;">
     <td style="width:22.9%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:77.1%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#fefefe;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0in;padding-left:0.04in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0.04in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Item 9.01</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0in;padding-left:0.04in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0.04in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Financial Statements and Exhibits.</span></p></td>
    </tr>
   </table><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">(d) Exhibits</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p>
   <table style="margin-left:0.537%;border-spacing:0;table-layout:auto;width:94.0%;border-collapse:separate;">
    <tr style="visibility:collapse;">
     <td style="width:10.96%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:1.98%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:87.06%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#fefefe;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0in;padding-left:0.04in;vertical-align:bottom;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0.04in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;border-bottom:1pt solid;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Exhibit No.</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0in;padding-left:0.04in;vertical-align:bottom;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0.04in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0in;padding-left:0.04in;vertical-align:bottom;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0.04in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;border-bottom:1pt solid;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Document</span></p></td>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#fefefe;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0in;padding-left:0.04in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0.04in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">99.1</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0in;padding-left:0.04in;vertical-align:bottom;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0.04in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0in;padding-left:0.04in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0.04in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><a href="pvla-ex99_1.htm"><span style="color:#0000ff;white-space:pre-wrap;text-decoration:underline solid;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Press Release issued by Palvella Therapeutics, Inc. on May 20, 2026*</span></a></p></td>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;background-color:#fefefe;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0in;padding-left:0.04in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0.04in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">104</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0in;padding-left:0.04in;vertical-align:bottom;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0.04in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0in;padding-left:0.04in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0.04in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)</span></p></td>
    </tr>
   </table><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">*Filed herewith</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></div>
  <div style="z-index:2;flex-direction:column;display:flex;min-height:0.5in;justify-content:flex-end;position:relative;"></div>
  <hr style="margin-inline-start:auto;margin-inline-end:auto;page-break-after:always;"/>
  <div style="z-index:2;min-height:0.5in;position:relative;"></div>
  <div class="main-content-container" style="z-index:5;position:relative;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:9.35pt;text-align:center;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">SIGNATURES</span></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:9.35pt;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</span></p>
   <table style="border-spacing:0;table-layout:auto;width:100.0%;border-collapse:separate;">
    <tr style="visibility:collapse;">
     <td style="width:6%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:44%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:4%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
     <td style="width:46%;box-sizing:content-box;"/>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:4.3pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:4.3pt;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Palvella Therapeutics, Inc.</span></p></td>
    </tr>
    <tr style="word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:4.3pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Date:</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:4.3pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">May 20, 2026</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:4.3pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">By:</span><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> </span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;border-bottom:0.25pt solid;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:4.3pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">/s/ Matthew Korenberg</span></p></td>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0.7pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Matthew Korenberg</span></p></td>
    </tr>
    <tr style="height:10pt;word-break:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap;text-align:left;">
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></td>
     <td style="padding-top:0.01in;padding-left:0in;vertical-align:top;padding-bottom:0in;padding-right:0in;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0.7pt;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-style:italic;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Chief Financial Officer</span></p></td>
    </tr>
   </table><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><span style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</span></p></div>
  <div style="z-index:2;flex-direction:column;display:flex;min-height:0.5in;justify-content:flex-end;position:relative;"></div>
  <hr style="margin-inline-start:auto;margin-inline-end:auto;page-break-after:always;"/>
 </body>
</html>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>pvla-ex99_1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>PRESS RELEASE ISSUED BY PALVELLA THERAPEUTICS, INC. ON MAY 20, 2026
<TEXT>
<!-- DFIN ActiveDisclosure (SM) HTML Document - http://www.dfinsolutions.com/ --><!-- Creation Date :2026-05-20T15:36:53.1335+00:00 --><!-- Copyright (c) 2026 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<html>
 <head>
  <title>EX-99.1</title>
 </head>
 <body style="padding:8px;margin:auto!important;z-index:0;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;position:relative;">
  <div style="padding-top:0.5in;z-index:2;min-height:1in;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;"><img src="img6060170_0.jpg" alt="img6060170_0.jpg" style="width:155px;height:60px;"></p></div>
  <div class="main-content-container" style="z-index:5;position:relative;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Palvella Therapeutics Presents New SELVA and TOIVA Data at the 2026 International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies World Congress Supporting QTORIN&#153; Rapamycin as a Potential First-in-Disease Therapy for Multiple Serious, Rare Vascular Malformations</font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> </font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:italic;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">In SELVA Phase 3 study, 100% of participants (13/13) aged 6&#x2013;11 years were rated as &#x201c;Much Improved&#x201d; (+2) or &#x201c;Very Much Improved&#x201d; (+3) on the Microcystic Lymphatic Malformation Investigator Global Assessment (mLM-IGA) scale at Week 24, with a mean improvement of +2.46 (p&lt;0.001)</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:italic;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">87% of participants (20/23) in SELVA with moderate or worse leaking/bleeding at baseline were rated as &#x201c;Much Improved&#x201d; (+2) or &#x201c;Very Much Improved&#x201d; (+3) on the mLM-IGA Leaking/Bleeding at Week 24, with a mean improvement of +2.48 (p&lt;0.001)</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:italic;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">100% of SELVA participants who completed the efficacy evaluation period (43/43) were at least somewhat satisfied with QTORIN&#153; rapamycin on the TSQM-9 overall satisfaction item at Week 24, with 84% reporting extremely satisfied, very satisfied, or satisfied</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:italic;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Blinded independent review demonstrated pre-treatment stability during the 8-week run-in period, followed by marked improvement on QTORIN&#153; rapamycin, supporting SELVA&#x2019;s single-arm, baseline-controlled design</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:italic;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">TOIVA Phase 2 study demonstrated statistically significant improvements in both cVM-MCSS Height and cVM-MCSS Appearance at all measured time points, with increasing clinical response observed with longer duration of QTORIN&#153; rapamycin therapy</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-style:italic;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">QTORIN&#153; rapamycin has the potential to become the first FDA-approved therapy and standard of care for microcystic lymphatic malformations and cutaneous venous malformations</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:center;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">WAYNE, PA., May 20, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- </font><font><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Palvella Therapeutics, Inc.</font></font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> (Palvella or &#x201c;the Company&#x201d;) (Nasdaq: PVLA), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing novel therapies to treat patients suffering from serious, rare skin diseases and vascular malformations for which there are no U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved therapies, today announced new clinical data from the Phase 3 SELVA and Phase 2 TOIVA studies were reported at the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) World Congress 2026 in Philadelphia, PA. The presentation, given by James Treat, MD, Professor of Clinical Pediatrics and Dermatology at the Children&#x2019;s Hospital of Philadelphia, can be found </font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;text-decoration:underline solid;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">here</font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">.</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#x201c;Data presented today at ISSVA further strengthen our conviction that QTORIN&#153; rapamycin has the potential to become the first FDA-approved therapy for microcystic lymphatic malformations and cutaneous venous malformations,&#x201d; said Wes Kaupinen, Founder and Chief Executive Officer of Palvella. &#x201c;As understanding of the mTOR pathway biology underlying lymphatic and venous malformations has advanced, this pathway has emerged as a key therapeutic target, yet there remain no FDA-approved therapies for microcystic lymphatic malformations or cutaneous venous</font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> </font></p></div>
  <div style="z-index:2;flex-direction:column;display:flex;min-height:1in;justify-content:flex-end;position:relative;"></div>
  <hr style="margin-inline-start:auto;margin-inline-end:auto;page-break-after:always;">
  <div style="padding-top:0.5in;z-index:2;min-height:1in;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p></div>
  <div class="main-content-container" style="z-index:5;position:relative;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">malformations. We believe these localized, cutaneous diseases are well-suited to QTORIN&#153; rapamycin&#x2019;s targeted topical approach as a potential chronic therapy designed to address the underlying mTOR pathway biology directly in the pathogenic tissue of interest while minimizing systemic exposure. Importantly, data presented in younger patients further support the potential role of early intervention in these serious, progressive diseases. We remain on track to file our NDA in the second half of 2026 for microcystic lymphatic malformations, with potential approval targeted in the first half of 2027.&#x201d;</font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> </font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">QTORIN&#153; rapamycin for Microcystic Lymphatic Malformations: Additional Data from SELVA study</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">SELVA is a Phase 3, single-arm, baseline-controlled clinical trial of QTORIN&#153; rapamycin administered topically once daily for a 24-week efficacy evaluation period followed by an open-label extension period, for microcystic lymphatic malformations (microcystic LMs). Palvella previously </font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;text-decoration:underline solid;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">announced</font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> positive topline results from this study in February 2026, including achieving statistical significance on the primary endpoint, key secondary endpoint, and all pre-specified secondary efficacy endpoints.</font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> </font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Additional data presented today highlight:</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:3.333%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.447919145106397%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">&#x2022;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">In participants aged 6&#x2013;11 years (n=13), QTORIN&#153; rapamycin demonstrated statistically significant improvement on the Microcystic Lymphatic Malformation Investigator Global Assessment (mLM-IGA) of +2.46 at Week 24 (p&lt;0.001). </font></div></div><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:10%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.7033333333333336%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">o</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">100% of participants in this cohort were rated &#x201c;Much Improved&#x201d; (+2) or &#x201c;Very Much Improved&#x201d; (+3) on the mLM-IGA at Week 24.</font></div></div><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:10%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.7033333333333336%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">o</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">At Week 24, 100% of participants elected to continue QTORIN&#153; rapamycin in the Treatment Extension period, reflecting strong interest in ongoing therapy.</font></div></div><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:3.333%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.447919145106397%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">&#x2022;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">In microcystic LMs, bleeding and leaking represent some of the most debilitating and hardest-to-control disease manifestations.</font></div></div><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:10%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.7033333333333336%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">o</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">In participants with moderate or worse leaking/bleeding at baseline (n=23), QTORIN&#153; rapamycin demonstrated statistically significant improvement on the mLM-IGA Leaking/Bleeding of +2.48 at Week 24 (p&lt;0.001).</font></div></div><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:10%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.7033333333333336%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">o</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">87% of participants (20/23) with moderate or worse leaking/bleeding at baseline were rated as &#x201c;Much Improved&#x201d; (+2) or &#x201c;Very Much Improved&#x201d; (+3) on the mLM-IGA Leaking/Bleeding at Week 24.</font></div></div><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:3.333%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.447919145106397%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">&#x2022;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">SELVA incorporated multiple structured approaches to capture the patient voice, including both the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM), a patient-reported outcome measure that assesses satisfaction with medication, and patient qualitative interviews, providing patient-derived evidence that helps contextualize the clinical meaningfulness of QTORIN&#153; rapamycin&#x2019;s treatment effect.</font></div></div><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:10%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.7033333333333336%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">o</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">100% of SELVA participants who completed the efficacy evaluation period (43/43) were at least somewhat satisfied with QTORIN&#153; rapamycin on the TSQM-9 overall satisfaction item at Week 24, with 84% reporting extremely satisfied, very satisfied, or satisfied.</font></div></div><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:10%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.7033333333333336%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">o</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">A pre-specified patient qualitative interview sub-study was incorporated to capture the patient experience consistent with FDA&#x2019;s Patient-Focused Drug </font></div></div></div>
  <div style="z-index:2;flex-direction:column;display:flex;min-height:1in;justify-content:flex-end;position:relative;"></div>
  <hr style="margin-inline-start:auto;margin-inline-end:auto;page-break-after:always;">
  <div style="padding-top:0.5in;z-index:2;min-height:1in;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;"><img src="img6060170_0.jpg" alt="img6060170_0.jpg" style="width:155px;height:60px;"></p></div>
  <div class="main-content-container" style="z-index:5;position:relative;"><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:10%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.7033333333333336%;visibility:hidden;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;"></font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Development framework. Interviews captured patient-reported positive changes in quality-of-life following QTORIN&#153; rapamycin treatment.</font></div></div><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:3.333%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.447919145106397%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">&#x2022;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">The blinded independent review demonstrated pre-treatment stability during the 8-week run-in period, followed by marked improvement on QTORIN&#153; rapamycin, supporting SELVA&#x2019;s single-arm, baseline-controlled design</font></div></div><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:10%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.7033333333333336%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">o</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">During the 8-week pre-treatment run-in period, the mean change in the blinded Microcystic Lymphatic Malformation Multi-Component Static Scale (mLM-MCSS) score was -0.1.</font></div></div><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:10%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.7033333333333336%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">o</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">After 24 weeks of treatment, the blinded mean mLM-MCSS score improved by -3.4 points, decreasing from 9.9 at Day 1 to 6.6 at Week 24, representing 48% of the maximum potential improvement from Day 1.</font></div></div><p style="margin-left:10%;font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Palvella plans to submit a New Drug Application to the U.S. FDA for QTORIN&#153; rapamycin for Microcystic LMs in the second half of 2026. QTORIN&#153; rapamycin has received Breakthrough Therapy, Orphan Drug, and Fast Track designations from the FDA for the treatment of microcystic LMs, as well as an FDA Orphan Products Development grant.</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">QTORIN&#153; rapamycin for Cutaneous Venous Malformations: Additional Data from TOIVA study</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">TOIVA is a Phase 2, single-arm, open-label, baseline-controlled clinical trial of QTORIN&#153; rapamycin administered topically once daily for a 12-week efficacy evaluation period followed by a 12-week treatment extension period, for cutaneous venous malformations (cutaneous VMs). Palvella </font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;text-decoration:underline solid;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">announced</font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> positive topline results from this study in December 2025. TOIVA achieved statistical significance on multiple pre-specified clinician-reported and patient-reported efficacy endpoints.</font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> </font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Additional data presented today highlight:</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:3.333%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.447919145106397%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">&#x2022;</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">TOIVA Phase 2 study demonstrated statistically significant improvements in both cVM-MCSS Height and cVM-MCSS Appearance at all measured time points, with increasing clinical response observed with longer duration of QTORIN&#153; rapamycin therapy</font></div></div><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:10%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.7033333333333336%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">o</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">At Week 24, treatment with QTORIN&#153; rapamycin demonstrated a mean reduction of 1.50 points in cVM-MCSS Height score (n=14; p&lt;0.001).</font></div></div><div class="item-list-element-wrapper" style="margin-left:10%;display:flex;margin-top:0;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:baseline;margin-bottom:0;min-width:3.333%;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:3.7033333333333336%;word-break:keep-all;display:inline-flex;justify-content:flex-start;">o</font><div style="display:inline;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">At Week 24, treatment with QTORIN&#153; rapamycin demonstrated a mean reduction of 1.43 points in cVM-MCSS Appearance score (n=14; p&lt;0.001).</font></div></div><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Palvella plans to initiate a Phase 3 trial of QTORIN&#153; rapamycin for the treatment of cutaneous venous malformations in the second half of 2026. QTORIN&#153; rapamycin has received FDA Fast Track Designation for cutaneous venous malformations, and Palvella has submitted an application to FDA for Breakthrough Therapy Designation in this indication.</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">About Palvella Therapeutics</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Founded and led by rare disease biotech veterans, Palvella Therapeutics, Inc. (Nasdaq: PVLA) is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing novel</font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> </font></p></div>
  <div style="z-index:2;flex-direction:column;display:flex;min-height:1in;justify-content:flex-end;position:relative;"></div>
  <hr style="margin-inline-start:auto;margin-inline-end:auto;page-break-after:always;">
  <div style="padding-top:0.5in;z-index:2;min-height:1in;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p></div>
  <div class="main-content-container" style="z-index:5;position:relative;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">therapies to treat patients suffering from serious, rare skin diseases and vascular malformations for which there are no FDA-approved therapies. Palvella is developing a broad pipeline of product candidates based on its patented QTORIN&#153; platform, with an initial focus on serious, rare skin diseases and vascular malformations, many of which are lifelong in nature. Palvella&#x2019;s lead product candidate, QTORIN&#153; 3.9% rapamycin anhydrous gel (QTORIN&#153; rapamycin), is currently being developed for the treatment of microcystic lymphatic malformations, cutaneous venous malformations, and clinically significant angiokeratomas. Palvella&#x2019;s second product candidate, QTORIN&#153; pitavastatin, is currently being developed for the treatment of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis. For more information, please visit </font><font><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">www.palvellatx.com</font></font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> or follow Palvella on </font><font><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">LinkedIn</font></font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> or </font><font><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">X</font></font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> (formerly known as Twitter).</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">QTORIN&#153; rapamycin and QTORIN&#153; pitavastatin are for investigational use only and neither has been approved by the FDA or by any other regulatory agency for any indication.</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">James Treat, MD, is a paid consultant to Palvella Therapeutics, Inc., and has participated as a site investigator at Children&#x2019;s Hospital of Philadelphia for portions of the Phase 3 SELVA study.</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"><br></font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Forward-Looking Statements<br></font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">This press release contains forward-looking statements (including within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Securities Act)). These statements may discuss goals, intentions, and expectations as to future plans, trends, events, results of operations or financial condition, or otherwise, based on current beliefs of the management of Palvella, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, the management of Palvella. Forward-looking statements generally include statements that are predictive in nature and depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, and include words such as &#x201c;may,&#x201d; &#x201c;will,&#x201d; &#x201c;should,&#x201d; &#x201c;would,&#x201d; &#x201c;expect,&#x201d; &#x201c;anticipate,&#x201d; &#x201c;plan,&#x201d; &#x201c;likely,&#x201d; &#x201c;believe,&#x201d; &#x201c;estimate,&#x201d; &#x201c;project,&#x201d; &#x201c;intend,&#x201d; and other similar expressions or the negative or plural of these words, or other similar expressions that are predictions or indicate future events or prospects, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. Statements that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the expected timing of the presentation of data from clinical trials, Palvella&#x2019;s clinical development plans and related anticipated development milestones, Palvella&#x2019;s plans to pursue Breakthrough Therapy Designation, Palvella&#x2019;s plans to meet with regulatory authorities, Palvella&#x2019;s expectations regarding the benefits of orphan drug designation and potential benefit of orphan drug exclusivity for QTORIN&#153; rapamycin for the treatment of microcystic lymphatic malformations, Palvella&#x2019;s cash, financial resources and expected runway, Palvella&#x2019;s expectations regarding its programs, including QTORIN&#153; rapamycin and QTORIN&#153; pitavastatin, and its research-stage opportunities, including its expected therapeutic potential and market opportunity. Forward-looking statements are based on current beliefs and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties and are not guarantees of future performance. Actual results could differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement as a result of various factors, including, without limitation: the ability to raise additional capital to finance operations; the ability to advance product candidates through preclinical and clinical development; the ability to obtain regulatory approval for, and ultimately commercialize, Palvella&#x2019;s product candidates, including QTORIN&#153; rapamycin and</font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"> </font></p></div>
  <div style="z-index:2;flex-direction:column;display:flex;min-height:1in;justify-content:flex-end;position:relative;"></div>
  <hr style="margin-inline-start:auto;margin-inline-end:auto;page-break-after:always;">
  <div style="padding-top:0.5in;z-index:2;min-height:1in;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;"><img src="img6060170_0.jpg" alt="img6060170_0.jpg" style="width:155px;height:60px;"></p></div>
  <div class="main-content-container" style="z-index:5;position:relative;"><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">QTORIN&#153; pitavastatin; the outcome of early clinical trials for Palvella&#x2019;s product candidates, including the ability of those trials to satisfy relevant governmental or regulatory requirements; the fact that data and results from clinical studies may not necessarily be indicative of future results; Palvella&#x2019;s limited experience in designing clinical trials and lack of experience in conducting clinical trials; Palvella&#x2019;s limited experience in commercial manufacturing; the ability to identify and pivot to other programs, product candidates, or indications that may be more profitable or successful than Palvella&#x2019;s current product candidates; the substantial competition Palvella faces in discovering, developing, or commercializing products; the negative impacts of global events on operations, including ongoing and planned clinical trials and ongoing and planned preclinical studies; the ability to attract, hire, and retain skilled executive officers and employees; the ability of Palvella to protect its intellectual property and proprietary technologies; reliance on third parties, contract manufacturers, and contract research organizations; and the risks and uncertainties described in the filings made by Palvella with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), including the annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, filed with or furnished to the SEC and available at </font><font><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">www.sec.gov</font></font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">. The events and circumstances reflected in our forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur, and actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. New risk factors and uncertainties may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict all risk factors and uncertainties that Palvella may face. Except as required by applicable law, Palvella does not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein, whether as a result of any new information, future events, changed circumstances or otherwise. This press release contains hyperlinks to information that is not deemed to be incorporated by reference into this press release.</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Contact Information<br></font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-weight:bold;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;text-decoration:underline solid;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Investors</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Wesley H. Kaupinen<br>Founder and CEO, Palvella Therapeutics<br></font><font><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">wes.kaupinen@palvellatx.com</font></font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"><br></font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;text-decoration:underline solid;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">Media</font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;"><br>Marcy Nanus<br>Managing Partner, Trilon Advisors LLC<br></font><font><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">mnanus@trilonadvisors.com</font></font><font style="color:#000000;white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:12pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:justify;" id="range_a4_e19">&#160;</p><p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0;font-family:Times New Roman;margin-bottom:0;text-align:left;"><font style="white-space:pre-wrap;font-size:10pt;font-family:Times New Roman;font-kerning:none;min-width:fit-content;">&#160;</font></p></div>
  <div style="z-index:2;flex-direction:column;display:flex;min-height:1in;justify-content:flex-end;position:relative;"></div>
  <hr style="margin-inline-start:auto;margin-inline-end:auto;page-break-after:always;">
 </body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>GRAPHIC
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>img6060170_0.jpg
<DESCRIPTION>GRAPHIC
<TEXT>
begin 644 img6060170_0.jpg
M_]C_X  02D9)1@ ! @$ D "0  #_VP!#  $! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$!
M 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0'_
MVP!# 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$!
M 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0$! 0'_P  1" #! >P# 2(  A$! Q$!_\0
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M "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH **** "BBB@ HHHH
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M(Y5(XXT5G=W8*B@LQ !->5OL?0MI)MM))7;>B26[;Z)$E%?G7\9_^"F/[/\
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MUN?LW17XU6W_  4&^/&@742>+O /@Z6W+8D@FT/Q1X>U"7;C<L5S<:S=6\;
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M/$EV\:2C]5;*QLM-L[;3].L[73["R@CMK.QLK>*UL[2VA4)%;VUM D<,$$2
M)'%$B1HH"JH  JU17\/9_P 3\0\4XR>/XASG,,XQ4I2DJF.Q-2K"ES.[AAJ+
M:H86DMHT<-3I48)*,(122/[RX>X5X;X3P4,OX:R3+<EPD(Q@Z> PM.C.MR*R
MGB:Z3Q&+K6^*OBJM:M-^].I)MLI:CING:Q8W6F:M866J:;?0M;WNGZC:P7MC
M>6[\/!=6ES'+;W$+CAHI8W1NZFOS#_:6_P""/O[%7[1-CJ-YI_PZL?@EX[N(
M9VLO&OP>L[+PK E\X:2.XUGP1;0IX,UR*6Z*S:E(=(L-=OHS-'#X@L99?M*?
MJ314Y'Q)G_#6*CC<@SC,,HQ,91DYX'%5:,:G+M&O2C+V.)IO:5+$4ZE*:]V<
M)+0?$'"W#G%6#G@.(\DRW.<+*,HJGC\)2KRI<V\L/6E'V^&JIZQK8>I2JPE[
MT)Q:N?Q+:]X;_;I_X(E_&JRU+2-:7Q!\*?%^IKY-];1:A>_!SXO6-GN<Z3XB
MTB;$OA3QY:Z?&[!8I[;Q'I<:W+Z%K6M^'FO);W^K_P#8^_:^^%7[:/PBT_XI
M_#*ZEM+B&2/2?&_@K4I8V\0^ _%*VT=Q<Z)J@18TO+25)!=:)KMK&MCK>GLL
MR):7T&I:9I_JOQM^"OPY_:&^&/BOX0_%;P_!XC\%>,-/:RU&TDVQW=E<(PFT
M_6M&O"DCZ;KNC7J0ZCI&I0J9+2]@BDVR1^9%)_']\ _%OQ$_X)"?\%%M4^&7
MCW5;@_"O6M=TWPGX[O9$:/2/%WPC\1WC2^"?BA# NZWCU+PLEXFM7(M6N+C2
M[FU\8^#H[@M<Z@7_ *"=;+O'KAS,JM3 X7+_ !8X:R^6.5? TH4*7&.68=0A
M4C5H06N.IKDI16OLL14PRHU(8+$5</@_YK=+,_HZ<4932I8_&9CX-<59E'+I
M8?'U9XBMP1FV*;E2G2Q%1Z9=4?M*\W=.MAJ>+=>G4Q^&I8G&_P!JU%,CDCFC
MCFAD26*5$DBEC=7CDC=0R21NI*NCJ0R.I*LI!!((-/K^8MMS^L]]@K^=S_@I
M]_P53\0^%/$NJ_LM?LFZM>#Q]!J)\-?$7XF>'HS>ZGHVLS.+*7P!\.S;QSRM
MXLCNI18ZYX@M$:\T+4 VBZ%L\0QW-]H_WY_P5+_:^N/V2?V9]5OO"FH-8_%G
MXHW%QX"^&DT! NM%N;FT:;Q%XTBW A6\*:.Y?3Y=LHC\2ZEX=$UO+:/<[?S]
M_P""*O["FF6?AJU_;.^+6FIK/BWQ5/J(^#>G:S;_ &EM TF&]GLM4^(LXO%:
M5O$?B"_@O+3P]=LJO8Z''/K%O/=/XCMI=/\ VWP^R#(L@X=QGBCQE@HYCEV#
MQ?\ 9W"V0U;*GGN=Q4I.I74XSA/!81PG?GA4I2E0Q<ZE.H\+##XC^>_$_B7B
M3B7BG >#W 6/EE>:8_!?VKQEQ)1YG5X;X>DX15+#NG.%2&88Y5*=N2I2JQAB
M,'3IU:4<94Q6%\R_8Y_X(C:]XUAL_BE^V?KNNZ(=8N%UN/X2Z'J2MXMU,7C"
M]DN?B1XN;[5+H]WJ$CN]_H6BF?7PEP6O_$6B:Q'<Z?!^^WPE_94_9O\ @5!;
M1_";X*_#SP9=6@01:W8>';*[\4OY8 C-UXNU5+_Q1>M'C*->ZO<,C,[*0SN6
M^@**^-XM\2>+^,L35JYKFV(IX.;:HY1@:E3"95AZ7V:4,)3FHUN2/N^VQ3KX
MB2TE5:LE]YP3X3\#<!86C3R7),+5S""BZ^>YC2I8[.L562]ZM/'5:;E0YW[S
MH8..&PT7K&BI7DRO-?B)\&OA)\7-.ETKXH?#3P-X_L98FA\KQ;X7T?7)(%9=
MHDL[J_M)KJPN(^&@NK*>WNK>14E@FCD17'I5%?%4,17PM6%?#5ZV'KTWS4ZU
M"I.C5A);.%2G*,XM=XM,_0<3A<+C:%3#8S#4,7AJL7&KA\31IUZ%2+WC4I58
MSISB^JE%H_GK_:\_X(P:586M[\4_V,=2UCP[XLT*>/7(/A+?ZW/+;W$]C(+N
M.7X=^,=0NUUC1-<M)H8KC3]-U_4;^WNKHYM->T4P6UK/[U_P3$_;W\1?'72-
M?_9V^/,UU:_'KX<:5J*V6JZY%)I^M>.]$T5Y+'5K77+*[C@GC\>^$9E2#7HI
M(X[[5; '5;BU-_IOB"Z?]FJ_!'_@JC\#M2^!7Q#^&O\ P4+^"=E%I7BKP?XP
MT&Q^*]G:+Y%GK)G9=.T+Q)J2PA&6'6[5IOA[XO9':35+/5] $<*3+J=U<_M'
M#W%%3Q#P<>!>,:T<9F56,WP?Q)BFGF&"S>$.:AEN.Q37M,5@LSE!8:52LZE9
M5IT_:.M+ZO4PG\\<5\&4O"C,)>)O &'EE^3T)TUQ_P (8-265YED,ZBAB<WR
MW!)^RP68Y-"I+&1I4%2P[H4ZGLU0A];HX[Y1_P""$G_)R'Q9YS_Q9"\[8_YG
MSP3TX''I^-?U.5_+'_P0D_Y.0^+/.?\ BR%YVQ_S/G@GIP./3\:_J<KF\>?^
M3BX[_L795_ZBQ.CZ+_\ R:3*_P#L;9W_ .ILO)?UU>X5_,M_P7)/_%\O@Q_V
M2F\YQG_F;]7]B<^GU[\X_IIK^9;_ (+D_P#)<O@SSC_BU-YVS_S-^K]L'!]/
M7GTKG\#O^3AY;_V!9K_Z@U3?Z37_ ":/.O\ L8Y'\_\ A4P^A_29X7_Y%GP[
M_P!@+2/_ $WV]3Z]H6C^*-#UGPUX@T^WU;0?$.E:AH>MZ7=J7M=2TG5;2:QU
M&PN4!4M!=V<\UO*H928Y& 8'!$'A?_D6?#O_ & M(_\ 3?;UNU^43E*%><X2
ME"<*TI0G%N,HRC-N,HR33C*+2:::::NG<_=Z4(5,)3IU(1J4ZF'A"=.<5.$X
M3I*,H3C).,HRBVI1:::;333/Y3?A;J^M_P#!-7]OZ_\ "?B2]NQ\.+C5SX4U
MR_N/EAUKX3>,9[>\\,>+Y0BB"2\\.M_9>K:H;5)7@O='\0:% ^Z6<'^J^.2.
M6-)8G26*5%DCDC97CDC=0R.CJ2KHZD,K*2K*002#7XZ_\%@OV:_^%B?"72?C
MUX:T_P [Q;\( ;/Q/]GBW7.I_#;5+L-<22;5>2;_ (1+6YTU6% %BM=*U;Q-
M>S-B%0/5O^"5_P"TD?CA^SS9^"O$%_\ :?'WP5^P>#]5\^3?=ZGX2>"3_A"-
M;?=\\F-.M+GP[<R,TDTMWX?>]N7#ZA'N_8N-HQXSX0R3Q P\8RS+ *&0<5Q@
MDG]8I<JPF/G&*2C&K*I&\M6HXW"T$[8>5OYS\,IS\-_$/B;PDQDY1R7-95>+
M. JE63<7A*_,\?E5.<KRG/#PHU.6/NKGRS'8AKFQ<.;]-Z***_%S^E HHHH
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M/Z]>W>OW:K\)?A__ ,I.]0_[*I\2NW_4K^*?;^OX=Z^QX'_W;C#_ +);,?\
MTW(_'?&__D9>$/\ V=#A_P#]2*9^[5%%%? '[X?EK_P5&_Y$?X5?]C9KG_IH
M@]C_ $^M?9W[+/\ R;I\&?\ L0- _P#21?Y?0>X!XKXQ_P""HW_(C_"K_L;-
M<_\ 31!['^GU%?9W[+/_ ";I\&O^Q T#_P!)5]A_(8Z5]UF'_) Y!_V-L?\
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MS[^U?\.+7XN?LU?'+X>75O'<OXC^&?BR/2TE02)%XBT[2I]7\+WA0JQ9M/\
M$>GZ7?(J@.7MUV,C[6'T%56^56LKQ64,K6MPK*P!5E,3@JP.0002"",$<&NO
M 8JK@<=@L=0DXU\'B\-BJ,DVG&KAZT*U.2:U34X1::U5KG#F>!H9GEN89;B8
MJ>&S# XO XB#2:G0Q>'J4*L6GHU*G4DFGHT['\MO_!"7_DY#XL_]D0O>V/\
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M,I0R'/'6XMX"G4;Y(TJRD\SR>E*3=Y8>-"HZ=--6CEV(Q,USXZ-_T\K\SO\
M@J'^T3_PI_X$2?#_ $&^\CQO\9OMWAJW\F3;<Z;X+@CB'C'4_ER8S?6UU;>&
MK?>$:1=:O;FU?S=-?;^ED\\%K!-=74T5M;6T4D]Q<3R)#!!!"C22S32R,L<4
M44:L\DCLJ(BLS,%!-?S,W4VH?\%'_P!OJ.&(W<_PJT6],49'G1QZ=\'/ ][N
MGGSA9;*\\<:E=,4)WR6.K>+8(VWV]D"GS_AQDN'QV;U\[S-*.2<+X=YQF$Y)
M.$ZE%2G@L-:7NSG5JTY5?9--5H8>='>I&_U7C;Q/CLJX;PO"V0-SXJX^QL>&
MLFI0DXU*-'%.%+,\>VO>ITZ&'K1P[KIIX:KC*6)ORT)V_3/_ ();?L]?\*E^
M!*_$;7K'R/&GQG^Q>(3Y\6VYT[P-:I*/!]B-Z9C&JQ7-WXGE:)E6YM=7TJ*X
MC$VG*%_3BH+:VM[*VM[.S@AM;2T@BMK6UMXTAM[:W@C6*"""&,+'%##$BQQ1
MHJI&BJJ@* *GKY//LXQ.?YQF&<8IOVV.Q$ZJA?F5&DK0P^'B^L,/0C3HP>[C
M!-ZML_0^$.&<#P=PUDW#67I/#93@J>'=7E4)8G$.]3&8RI%72JXS%U*V)J):
M*=5QC:*217G7Q?\ #\WBSX2_%'PK;)YMQXF^'7C;P_;QXSYDVL^&M3TZ),#D
M[Y+E5QWSBO1:*\VA5E0K4:\/CHU:=6%]N:G-3C^,4>YB\-3QF%Q.$JW]EBL/
M6PU2V_LZ].5*=O/ED['\L7["_P"S-X _:B\9^-?!WC3Q+XH\.W?A_P ,6GB;
M1SX:;2%>[MTU6#2]5%VNJ:9?AD@EU'2?): 0E6FE$A?<@3]-A_P2&^"@_P":
MF?%(X]6\(_T\-CTYKX=L+P?L.?\ !0R_?4UFT[X?W?B?4(I9 I2V;X8?$@-<
M6-T&55^TVOA.YNK2:Z\I09;_ ,*W,")O'EG^D:.2.6-)8G26*5%DCDC97CDC
M=0R.CJ2KHZD,K*2K*002#7[7X@<5<2Y=F&7X_)\WQ6'R7.\KPN.P"IQHNG&?
MLX+$4E*5*4O:13HUJD>9\KQ"6FJ7\E>"?AUP#GF29WDO%'#.7XWBSA'B',<H
MSB5>>*CB)TO;3G@\3*%+$4X^QFX8G"T9**YU@Y.[BU*7Y/#_ ()$_!4'_DI?
MQ1_[Z\)?_,Y[5*/^"1WP57I\2OBC_P!]^$O_ )G/_KU^K]%? ?\ $0.,?^A]
MB_\ P'#_ /R@_:/^((^%/_1%Y7_X,QW_ ,U^7Y]V?E(/^"27P77I\2?BA_WU
MX3_^9W^52K_P27^# _YJ1\3S_P #\*>W7_BG>?\ .:_5:BI_U]XP_P"A[B__
M  '#_P#RD:\$?"I;<%Y9_P"#,=_\UGY6C_@DY\&1_P U'^)QQZOX4_IX='I4
MB_\ !*#X-KT^(_Q,/U;PK_\ ,]^G3VK]3J*7^O?%W_0\Q?\ X#A__E/E_5V/
M_B"?A7_T1F6?^#,=_P#-9\$_!G_@GG\'?@YX\T?XAVFN^,O%>L^'9'N=#L_$
M-QHJZ59:B\3PQZG);:;H]E/=7EFKF2P\VZ$%O<8N6@FGBMW@^]J**\+,LVS+
M.*\<3F>,K8RO"FJ4)U6O<IQ<I*$8Q48Q7-*4G:*NVV[L^TX=X6X?X3P53+^'
M,JPN4X.M7EBJM'"QG^]Q$X0IRJU9U)U*E2?LZ=."<YOEA",8I)6"OPE^'_\
MRD[U#_LJGQ*[?]2OXI]OZ^^.]?NU7X2_#_\ Y2=ZA_V53XE?^HOXI[X'\_P/
M6OKN!_\ =N,/^R6S'_TW(_(O&_\ Y&7A#_V=#A__ -2*9^[5%%%? '[X?EK_
M ,%1O^1'^%7_ &-FN?\ IH@]C_3ZBOL[]EG_ )-T^#7_ &(.@^W_ "ZBOC'_
M (*C?\B/\*O^QLUS_P!-$'L?Z?45]G?LL_\ )NGP:_[$'0?_ $E'TK[K,/\
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MM^045QCP[B(^VP&<</J.-G6P\M82K8'#SK8B,U'XY8=8G#*VF(O>$9X0\?\
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M_LM?\FZ_!K_L0- _])%YX]>M?&'_  5&_P"1'^%7_8V:Y_Z:(/8_T^HK[/\
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MI(+;K)_A%8/J!7(V!=37XB1VRE0"&)TAMY.5$8&T_0OPZ_X(8?LI>%KNSO\
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MOKG3=1MX](CM[ZSE:&Y@6[U_2K*X,$R$/%(]M<31B6-ED3?NC97"L.N\"_\
M(D>#?^Q5\/?^FBSKS_\ :(_Y([XP_P"Y?_\ 4IT2@#D-$^#_ (FU71=(U23X
MU?$V*34M+L+]XDUS4&2)[RTAN&C1FU'<RHTA52>2 ">:U5^"'B(,I/QM^*!
M() UR^!(!Y )OV )'<JP]5(XK'\.^/\ XQP>']"@LO@W]MLX='TR*TO/^$HL
M(OM=M'90)!<^4R;H_/B5)?+;E-^T\BNBLO'_ ,99[RTAN?@P+>WFN8(KBX/B
MS3@((7E599B3$W$2%G^Z<[<8/2@#W:&/R88HC)),8HTC,LS!II=BA?,E8*H:
M1\;G8*H+$D* <#P?]H_6]9T+X>1W>AZKJ&CWDOB'2[5KS3+RXL;OR)(;Z1XE
MN;62*=$=X8RZI(N\+L;*D@^^5\X?M2D#X:6Y/0>*=))^@M=2H M?\*0\1_\
M1;?B?_X.[_\ ^6-<YXD;XJ_!:&+Q,?%L_P 1/!,-W:0ZUI^NP!=9L+>YF2W6
MXBU R33/F5U@CN/M(B2YN+<3Z;-$'E3TO_A?/PD_Z'.R_P# '6/_ )75Y3\1
M_BG8_$_2+CX<_"^QO_%.I:^UM#?ZDMC=66FZ580W<%Q+/+)?PV\B;Y(4B:XG
MAAM(8G>19WG\F)P#ZHL+ZVU.QLM2LY!-9ZA:6U]:2@8$MM=PI/!( >@>*1&
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M'+%*H>.1&&0R.C!E8$@J01P:^=/VI!GX:6_&1_PE.D9^GV;4NM?1P
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MNUT=0W[_ !7TM%%%!%'##''###&D4442+'%%%&H2...- $2-$ 5$4!54!5
M JJNFZ<NH/JRZ?9+JLEL+*34UM8!J$EFLBRK:/>",7+VPE59! TAB$BJX3<
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J1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110 4444 %%%% !1110!__9

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>pvla-20260520.xsd
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION SCHEMA WITH EMBEDDED LINKBASES DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"?>
<!-- DFIN New ActiveDisclosure (SM) XBRL Schema Document - http://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- Creation Date :2026-05-20T15:36:53.2308+00:00 -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2026 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://palvellatx.com/20260520" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:enum2="http://xbrl.org/2020/extensible-enumerations-2.0" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:pvla="http://palvellatx.com/20260520">
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2025/elts/us-gaap-2025.xsd" namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2025"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025"/>
  <xsd:annotation>
    <xsd:appinfo>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover" id="DocumentCover">
        <link:definition>75000 - Document - Cover</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:linkbase id="lnk">
        <link:roleRef roleURI="http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover" xlink:href="pvla-20260520.xsd#DocumentCover" xlink:type="simple"/>
        <link:labelLink xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link" xlink:title="labelLink" xlink:type="extended">
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Amendment Flag</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Type</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Central Index Key</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Written Communications</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Period End Date</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity File Number</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Trading Symbol</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">City Area Code</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Soliciting Material</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Local Phone Number</link:label>
          <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl"/>
          <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl"/>
        </link:labelLink>
        <link:presentationLink xlink:role="http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover" xlink:title="presentationLink" xlink:type="extended">
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
          <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType" order="49.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag" order="50.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" order="51.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber" order="52.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName" order="53.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" order="54.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" order="55.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" order="56.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" order="57.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" order="58.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" order="59.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" order="60.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" order="61.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode" order="62.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" order="63.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications" order="64.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial" order="65.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" order="66.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" order="67.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle" order="68.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol" order="69.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName" order="70.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
          <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" order="71.0" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label"/>
        </link:presentationLink>
      </link:linkbase>
    </xsd:appinfo>
  </xsd:annotation>
</xsd:schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.26.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 20, 2026</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">May 20,  2026<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-37471<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">Palvella Therapeutics, Inc.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001583648<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">30-0784346<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">NV<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">353 W. Lancaster Ave<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">Suite 200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Wayne<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">PA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">19087<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">484<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">253-1461<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">PVLA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14a<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>report.css
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
/* Updated 2009-11-04 */
/* v2.2.0.24 */

/* DefRef Styles */
.report table.authRefData{
	background-color: #def;
	border: 2px solid #2F4497;
	font-size: 1em;
	position: absolute;
}

.report table.authRefData a {
	display: block;
	font-weight: bold;
}

.report table.authRefData p {
	margin-top: 0px;
}

.report table.authRefData .hide {
	background-color: #2F4497;
	padding: 1px 3px 0px 0px;
	text-align: right;
}

.report table.authRefData .hide a:hover {
	background-color: #2F4497;
}

.report table.authRefData .body {
	height: 150px;
	overflow: auto;
	width: 400px;
}

.report table.authRefData table{
	font-size: 1em;
}

/* Report Styles */
.pl a, .pl a:visited {
	color: black;
	text-decoration: none;
}

/* table */
.report {
	background-color: white;
	border: 2px solid #acf;
	clear: both;
	color: black;
	font: normal 8pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	margin-bottom: 2em;
}

.report hr {
	border: 1px solid #acf;
}

/* Top labels */
.report th {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
	text-align: center;
}

.report th.void	{
	background-color: transparent;
	color: #000000;
	font: bold 10pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	text-align: left;
}

.report .pl {
	text-align: left;
	vertical-align: top;
	white-space: normal;
	width: 200px;
	white-space: normal; /* word-wrap: break-word; */
}

.report td.pl a.a {
	cursor: pointer;
	display: block;
	width: 200px;
	overflow: hidden;
}

.report td.pl div.a {
	width: 200px;
}

.report td.pl a:hover {
	background-color: #ffc;
}

/* Header rows... */
.report tr.rh {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
}

/* Calendars... */
.report .rc {
	background-color: #f0f0f0;
}

/* Even rows... */
.report .re, .report .reu {
	background-color: #def;
}

.report .reu td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

/* Odd rows... */
.report .ro, .report .rou {
	background-color: white;
}

.report .rou td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

.report .rou table td, .report .reu table td {
	border-bottom: 0px solid black;
}

/* styles for footnote marker */
.report .fn {
	white-space: nowrap;
}

/* styles for numeric types */
.report .num, .report .nump {
	text-align: right;
	white-space: nowrap;
}

.report .nump {
	padding-left: 2em;
}

.report .nump {
	padding: 0px 0.4em 0px 2em;
}

/* styles for text types */
.report .text {
	text-align: left;
	white-space: normal;
}

.report .text .big {
	margin-bottom: 1em;
	width: 17em;
}

.report .text .more {
	display: none;
}

.report .text .note {
	font-style: italic;
	font-weight: bold;
}

.report .text .small {
	width: 10em;
}

.report sup {
	font-style: italic;
}

.report .outerFootnotes {
	font-size: 1em;
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>Show.js
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
// Edgar(tm) Renderer was created by staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.  Data and content created by government employees within the scope of their employment are not subject to domestic copyright protection. 17 U.S.C. 105.
var Show={};Show.LastAR=null,Show.showAR=function(a,r,w){if(Show.LastAR)Show.hideAR();var e=a;while(e&&e.nodeName!='TABLE')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e||e.nodeName!='TABLE'){var ref=((window)?w.document:document).getElementById(r);if(ref){e=ref.cloneNode(!0);
e.removeAttribute('id');a.parentNode.appendChild(e)}}
if(e)e.style.display='block';Show.LastAR=e};Show.hideAR=function(){Show.LastAR.style.display='none'};Show.toggleNext=function(a){var e=a;while(e.nodeName!='DIV')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e.style){}else if(!e.style.display){}else{var d,p_;if(e.style.display=='none'){d='block';p='-'}else{d='none';p='+'}
e.style.display=d;if(a.textContent){a.textContent=p+a.textContent.substring(1)}else{a.innerText=p+a.innerText.substring(1)}}}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>FilingSummary.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<FilingSummary>
  <Version>3.26.1</Version>
  <ProcessingTime/>
  <ReportFormat>html</ReportFormat>
  <ContextCount>1</ContextCount>
  <ElementCount>23</ElementCount>
  <EntityCount>1</EntityCount>
  <FootnotesReported>false</FootnotesReported>
  <SegmentCount>0</SegmentCount>
  <ScenarioCount>0</ScenarioCount>
  <TuplesReported>false</TuplesReported>
  <UnitCount>0</UnitCount>
  <MyReports>
    <Report instance="pvla-20260520.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R1.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>75000 - Document - Cover</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover</Role>
      <ShortName>Cover</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Cover</MenuCategory>
      <Position>1</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report>
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <LongName>All Reports</LongName>
      <ReportType>Book</ReportType>
      <ShortName>All Reports</ShortName>
    </Report>
  </MyReports>
  <InputFiles>
    <File doctype="8-K" isOnlyDei="true" isUsgaap="true" original="pvla-20260520.htm">pvla-20260520.htm</File>
    <File>pvla-20260520.xsd</File>
  </InputFiles>
  <SupplementalFiles/>
  <BaseTaxonomies>
    <BaseTaxonomy items="23">http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025</BaseTaxonomy>
  </BaseTaxonomies>
  <HasPresentationLinkbase>false</HasPresentationLinkbase>
  <HasCalculationLinkbase>false</HasCalculationLinkbase>
</FilingSummary>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>JSON
<SEQUENCE>12
<FILENAME>MetaLinks.json
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
{
 "version": "2.2",
 "instance": {
  "pvla-20260520.htm": {
   "nsprefix": "pvla",
   "nsuri": "http://palvellatx.com/20260520",
   "dts": {
    "inline": {
     "local": [
      "pvla-20260520.htm"
     ]
    },
    "schema": {
     "local": [
      "pvla-20260520.xsd"
     ],
     "remote": [
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xl-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xlink-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2006/ref-2006-02-27.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/2020/extensible-enumerations-2.0.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2024-01-31/types.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2025/elts/srt-2025.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2025/elts/srt-roles-2025.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2025/elts/srt-types-2025.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2025/elts/us-gaap-2025.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2025/elts/us-roles-2025.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2025/elts/us-types-2025.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2025/country-2025.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025/dei-2025.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/stpr/2025/stpr-2025.xsd"
     ]
    }
   },
   "keyStandard": 23,
   "keyCustom": 0,
   "axisStandard": 0,
   "axisCustom": 0,
   "memberStandard": 0,
   "memberCustom": 0,
   "hidden": {
    "total": 2,
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025": 2
   },
   "contextCount": 1,
   "entityCount": 1,
   "segmentCount": 0,
   "elementCount": 24,
   "unitCount": 0,
   "baseTaxonomies": {
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025": 23
   },
   "report": {
    "R1": {
     "role": "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover",
     "longName": "75000 - Document - Cover",
     "shortName": "Cover",
     "isDefault": "true",
     "groupType": "document",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Cover",
     "order": "1",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c",
      "name": "dei:DocumentType",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "p",
       "div",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "pvla-20260520.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c",
      "name": "dei:DocumentType",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "p",
       "div",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "pvla-20260520.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    }
   },
   "tag": {
    "dei_AmendmentFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "AmendmentFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amendment Flag",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_CityAreaCode": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "CityAreaCode",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "City Area Code",
        "documentation": "Area code of city"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_CoverAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "CoverAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Cover [Abstract]",
        "documentation": "Cover page."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "DocumentPeriodEndDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Period End Date",
        "documentation": "For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentType": {
     "xbrltype": "submissionTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "DocumentType",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Type",
        "documentation": "The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine1",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line One",
        "documentation": "Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine2",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line Two",
        "documentation": "Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "EntityAddressCityOrTown",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, City or Town",
        "documentation": "Name of the City or Town"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "EntityAddressPostalZipCode",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Postal Zip Code",
        "documentation": "Code for the postal or zip code"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince": {
     "xbrltype": "stateOrProvinceItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "EntityAddressStateOrProvince",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, State or Province",
        "documentation": "Name of the state or province."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityCentralIndexKey": {
     "xbrltype": "centralIndexKeyItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "EntityCentralIndexKey",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Central Index Key",
        "terseLabel": "Central Index Key",
        "documentation": "A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "EntityEmergingGrowthCompany",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Emerging Growth Company",
        "documentation": "Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityFileNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "EntityFileNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity File Number",
        "documentation": "Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode": {
     "xbrltype": "edgarStateCountryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code",
        "documentation": "Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityRegistrantName": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "EntityRegistrantName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Registrant Name",
        "documentation": "The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "employerIdItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "EntityTaxIdentificationNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Tax Identification Number",
        "documentation": "The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1"
     ]
    },
    "dei_LocalPhoneNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "LocalPhoneNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Local Phone Number",
        "documentation": "Local phone number for entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "PreCommencementTenderOffer",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Pre-commencement Tender Offer",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5"
     ]
    },
    "dei_Security12bTitle": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "Security12bTitle",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Title of 12(b) Security",
        "documentation": "Title of a 12(b) registered security."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r0"
     ]
    },
    "dei_SecurityExchangeName": {
     "xbrltype": "edgarExchangeCodeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "SecurityExchangeName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Security Exchange Name",
        "documentation": "Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2"
     ]
    },
    "dei_SolicitingMaterial": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "SolicitingMaterial",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Soliciting Material",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r4"
     ]
    },
    "dei_TradingSymbol": {
     "xbrltype": "tradingSymbolItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "TradingSymbol",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Trading Symbol",
        "documentation": "Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_WrittenCommunications": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025",
     "localname": "WrittenCommunications",
     "presentation": [
      "http://palvellatx.com/20260520/taxonomy/role/DocumentCover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Written Communications",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6"
     ]
    }
   }
  }
 },
 "std_ref": {
  "r0": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b"
  },
  "r1": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b-2"
  },
  "r2": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "d1-1"
  },
  "r3": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "13e",
   "Subsection": "4c"
  },
  "r4": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "14a",
   "Subsection": "12"
  },
  "r5": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "14d",
   "Subsection": "2b"
  },
  "r6": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "425"
  }
 }
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>ZIP
<SEQUENCE>13
<FILENAME>0001193125-26-232717-xbrl.zip
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 0001193125-26-232717-xbrl.zip
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MJA;TG20RCN4(?8X2FO"(QJA;]_H!ALE;:#^.T9FJEJ,SF<OL4HI6V6BO '@
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M; L30KGG$>:*@&_M$<!QQ[=<V]]M3PUM]DB%ZS/'LEW,J&E#HR;%@65QS)S
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M#I@GL$4,YED.\:@?/MLW7%H^(\-D6@UY(K(M%B0$&Q8PJ5ND_-L']-^P8L1
MH/.C2QH/)1JHNU=Z-)NW$6.-DBS?)O=<%Z ME+[O".YQ,\"&9TAL>]3#U''5
M#TZ$%*XM;>NY-%3I.:4NL$H".OWMRWY#' UQK%YY6$R_[\E%=JIYS&&,2!P8
MB@*)"PJ !X_"(XX92&8R\NQK+6HI5KL\]3FY=SS32IUYUN:T!36H7-"_5N!C
M?@1B_QRGC,;H*\V^R6)YZ8!+#H2\EG/]*!'*D2X1&R&N$Y=@X-] PY7ZU*Q;
M6451CF#($M;O0@5V+[+TJN@I?_Q 91K1' D91DEY.F^9[D"<&1<GW-R78*%M
MM4K>CDJGMH(=G?E0UXGT\;X#=;RORM4K??LFP^:"=S'<;ENY^V^J3[3>6J=P
MQ^P\J.\>$0_O0:HY]PL]+VIH"I?PT!&8,Q_X<1#XF$J'8,K,4!J&:W'OV=<;
ME!L:Z^G]K&=W4$[N.PP8OBVD/0H?X(=J(\A,YAK=R=;L >N4L>0%L,XDU4&V
M82YU*9AXE1.J;L'5%T2B\G9+A3RZKWBD.K^*H&M%,0E,!+YD\C+*H5XXOA2:
M<JY.YE6%U97"@F8B+[-!Q7T1/FN;CB-\DRRVA6ZCP^2ZW]+YEGDKY;1/:OHF
MS#7.N7_X<M$PEM=81%D)=176&_:3G?IB7_7U[OVCZH[@*!S5O>I2&#!ESL6D
MO;$KJH)L><\RUG>MEH')Z0_09/EZ0"]DZ:["- 2IV:'Q%1WE5=1MO6Y-[9GS
M6= C+^;3Q=>5#16RCWRPR?[K1&MMA^JBG_SFJHF>N1!3GG>7UH8PY9,$35[4
M\P$]<!L'VE:<32F(Y@W!/G(2&@Q"\NH<V8[..E&T4_G*5S+)2H-8)\550]'8
M>0]60CX$@4)!MJAM]D"8DH(THTD"XD?E0X XH8664R7U7DH@^TAE],1(T()"
M42VWE!#)49BE?2V JCF/=UZ>]E2S%NH>?OEM7]<IWYCH_.0(WN3%4"C;X$IF
M<GSM%8*>56-'RB60Z!6#7KLICV0QTB)56Q9056^=^(WF?!C3#.TG  YUCQ;Z
M/<UB 8-)+O3T%(ZUT#Y(XL%XL\7TQ,'2"*-8=:WLE%[$H@(%0<M0DE;;(0?#
M+%.)3=7-7>JXW'ISB)J5WAE2GU0,S0 62S"P0*D87PF^7A;,8TV8N;?X;<[N
MNO5-!3+-5O"$?!O/:RWA'@]&^3?0CH$UX@HK0ZG^KS((=L=!V2+V4WV49=57
M\.VN-L*I%8< %(?'>7\;R,Z%[.>QU:4/"U-YJ[EFYI4 F-#.FIW)KW43U=KD
MW*K[96O$:*[FFK&S&JQ'RQO+QOFR-+!7>[9+*W"?DN_:"IZ2C^M[+3*_NPV6
MP0L?@[<Z87'/=OO73D&JS87C=+:\V'S KU]L>V- MP#.OKSB4]_F_+2<N/7E
M4=^)-KO0&BKGQ'=*,YO*;M80_2CJ92HD.KB,*9;70?"GT>H5_?L1,PR?X4!=
M=*M@GJ.SL=]-^R'9Z$$/<#KM+O[G>/5HP[PVD7D9Q&YX5\.[7@G[#E*8//";
MBRK"0+D.;WQ240U]!]ZV[#,I5,!=!>RCI I&:';WQT]G7Y"H%*CFM-?-<1 M
M>^;__*SC12K0H[#DC;J$FKDV<]WXN3:9/R^:^;-DU I:UH,WLJU=)*%[]//Q
M_OFO9X?=%1+<7:BLD_ \G4AD+/,L_QH"A94AN,4RQS_,2M 4PWB$.!VJI$J=
MME&FE*AN&)BJ  ;X -9D!-TPV:-QJ$Q/U9 V:*L"2J8/$ZBCFP/ZZJ49 $"T
M-B*)X"E1#]M^2J6GU%E"D*39E+M>%F8#M 9HWS'0[);UJ-2WLORK!G@>\*6^
MG2OF&^1O@-8 K0':9E[>NS;K\ECQ][*^_$]@,'4V +O7&XJ3P=4&F,\$YD^C
MU=\DAEYPE59PQ-AZ+V [;Z.OM"AZ,)I?TDPF3&87C3#8("'= *T!VIL$6LM;
M8[[:\-0&TQN@-4#;,*"]%D_5Q3M1 2WQQV2W]2(9HIN]C2=A&'&9-9EJ;R[M
M8[?-4C':^V&WW2OZ\=[_ U!+ P04    " !FI+1<)91++L0(  "W90  $0
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MP5,AZCP@8^TDG_P"0! D]LPAU -AK%P1,YB''&#\-TV@TWB3UNYH!^TF4]8
M.!5E.:;INX$0<[H5B%5 ; M"3"@?O9LUKC("-AK1%;V5D:E#Y+FB1>,M60C4
M@?TT",EPYQ]R!U4ODL=!#8R)%XS$FT2CX]AX0L(6UL9GJ$<)@J.E P'_\/5N
ML"ZN=<]8$$QF2YUWT$7^/B/L[=  -DLH<I,838QG09;;[0#9QVZ+9^CX.R#H
M<ZPG)1,Z?!=:-_@D^.Q0EI9Q:.L5:X@Z1R(Y'4T#F3YZ>K]'6)G=HD;A6MGA
M8ET$OD(LJ20'X]WNX.1Y)B3(6[U["B?]!D];FNC&(^N-4MACD/L-E\4MBA:O
M!-\80\0MCZ3YH#E9(, 4Y<Y0N^WQ#BLU\JC!2\MB+[C'85<#$U,217PID82)
MFZ^J-^R7[Q>8P5FR%SVA;)$&L3!DH03/B(\]NCPC%A3Z \#]QJ:]]'(,.&6S
M9P7[!&1,%5#EYR6!NJ7,%3,VJAEL80:NZT,ZXO-*;R:3QT"+X5S;I23HX=2>
M6A;+*NXM8:]1]+?MY,:!4K@*N-$/MJA@>QU:2;8DL"+9\)2HP"<]+M5_9VQ4
M:J !B[;%GW"9Z;ND7!63'"2:&WI+R8,=;EYSYSDI7DT&>-+:KWK5QY9&YPG+
MJ%,)V#/V\8:.R!RO@QJ3+ GH$)H^9:->+,Q[ T\A/Q\K4"K%2H+X%QN8;3AX
M^/G8#K?FK@*C6J[DO'D+J4VL"VQQXB,G@<IRI4;EI8W@M3\;*]=Y2J0D:,'F
M]G3LLMQM>@I<\O.2%T>[,Q[Q'7'.PEB)E 1M1 W.ZPV7LS%!"ESR\U+CZPY.
M;3Y/V,M()DJQLN*,)UL*C8S=HO2XK"@CR#;9615/O[!<0&U#-9\*H5(G=60L
M!A;+6_8DRJQK,DB6?$F@.86#;N\)SLYT*9%2_7DQ@W3*9O,/2N;>/7MG.0;.
MWM2JI56 >4].@+)/G/6'6/LZE$_O;)]!?)JS*\T],W]'XU5X;L0J<.V-DU S
MD%2_!X%R0"B(!@!\A(B7"3H^MX'227M+4U8Z %=2)-IUY^TM#6!J-3.F%X2*
M0:@9!*J+-"O[1+Y;<$4:WX-0)V!*"P^HS//Z,YD2?0!<)[C!A=H2/]MO"7]%
M$G,=Q?L]<=;?S>>1,A!H TS=WN-G^P 77H5&5(!>S5X\4^"O7@U";XF)MH 4
M6TENC1,?1>2CT9R49LLC,_),EG"%/+ZXRB*M4#$G6YH@5 &A"W!E18)74BI;
MHH]T 5E9&2\TB6O9]<T6*@-,6U#;4OP">.1B=HM\K@>$BHH$+1$U6R(.=(!_
MA)9_RUB?@L#9$G+0%Y ):'?>CM\!H;5(Y!+%LRWL4 <(E10?S#+ILUM /^HJ
M/ _&::%M8SIX^S =A9])TE31MN^;E2(@-!4?(1G$T6ZAPI0"66L)F3!),&UI
M0J &!'I* )W#-^TV!4(E"'6"2.D&MIQ2F80SJ"E@L(]KD$02NDG85MSQM!!4
MU'U"R6SS:A$!@CR-+,MBZ<HP2UEY(@Q(DV%50MVT'D6@WX@<J]*@]54J<B1E
M$F)[8X2J=D5I0XH(J]($546+0)VBO*KW=4:=B^QG%7%4/?3\ZA=EI*C(HSW*
M0IOGG[W-/*I*F76+MK-?)J3K9Y0&)"BB*N'G5=4([)G$4)7 <VMM!/)L5F@?
M\KRR B>9\-.44/71GJ[+D<,\0015"5A9K2/0IAF@?5B*R1J>Y#*4^)\J 2LK
M>P3:-.=3?=RJZWWDV%7P/I7&KZ(*:!6^2:ZGTNC-K U:Q:^:[:D^+-94#,GQ
MD<?Z5&E*5AV10*_D>*KW?6YUD>SY;*HG?JLHQM*P#>*/Y'VCY/TN%4NTP\VH
MZ#I2<A29U"KY5M)>%JSNX>V-O;S\]%JM_=,7^KZ@6T,OK+;V"5QY"OI>W,=\
M41?R7J\]O5[7>XFW7O?PHL4>7PIX$7?<]ORBR@N[S_J"+^"_WHO[Z2[9%GHK
M*7YP?Q82Q#$HTZ>9]S:RGLA.RT=D0MG:Z3<^'/'OVW+8(8_[O]]@FRO?94"(
MPR'S/,=,8 N,0NLJ],(FI2][[HG$R3QR1;=50U=D\ '")>T:NB3-/@AO=&KK
MC23A(3QR4%N/I/@5X9(/M75))ILC7-.MK6O6<$;"08>U=9"2DQ)N^?CJECC[
M)=SRJ>YNB?-LPBEUW,_F<WJ19P[KN+W-HPZ%7^JXQY4Y2N&).NYOT]2H\$8=
M][89;*QP21WWMBKN5_BCCAO:/+)9^*6.^]CUK+;P3AVWLVGB7'BCCKO8!%<O
M7%''O:OZ+P211S[6=\^:\0<)X9BB-ZU1W6.R\##Q%?+\'_YE\6'SL9[X&O^H
M(?9E_V%+^)\-G/P/4$L#!!0    ( &:DM%SO)M2C(!D  -2W   /    <'9L
M82UE>#DY7S$N:'1M[5WI4QO'MO^>OZ*O4[X%%4E(;#8225T"..$%;&)X]GV?
M4JV9EM1AIGO2/2.A_/7OG-,]BS:,;;#E,*F* 6FFU[/\SM9]^*]FDYV\.GO-
MCH)4CL6)M$&D;68$V[BZV&2_7E^<LQ,=9+%0*6NR49HFW:VMR632"@=261UE
MJ=3*M@(=;[%F\Z=#;/#8"(X?LQ.>"M;=;F_O-]M[S>WV=6>ON[/?W=MI=79V
M]GYHM[OM=OF63J9&#D<IVP@V&;X$/2LEHDA,V2NIN HDC]A5WF>#G:F@Q8ZB
MB+W%URQ[*ZPP8Q&VL,WO#D=I'/WT'3L<"1["3W:8RC02/YW^MWEPT.H<;KD_
MX8$M_\1A7X=39M-I)'Y\EO PE&K8?9G<]F)NAE)U>9;J?\DXT2;E*NW]W90J
M%+?==J\Y$?T;F393<9LVK?Q;-'GX9V;3;J?=?MY+M)4XXJX1$<=5[CVCX81R
M/-=9,]5)M]W:DZIH?+L72]4<"9QAMP-?++;6U[?8*0ZVKTTH3!,^@3X.D[SY
M@59N7#"@)/73<9WUZ+L!CV4T[5[+6%CV6DS86QUSE3_8UVFJ8WB6YL<C.53=
M2 R*AO!W^-;_17L(?\( 9#QDU@0_/H-?]MO[[<Z+]A_MUI_)\!GC4;KL8S_@
MB0S34;>SMP>+[^>^WTYH4EL)_ ]+5RQA$'%K?WP6<^@[@,D I=)/^%N8HL5\
M/?>6;L>C+E4 (Q(&>\$&BBF.9"J:-N&!Z"9&-">&)[U*[]O0^UT=TG<WPBC<
M=Z65($)Q"S>0:;X4T.V_O^_LMWN'6_B&6[\O/]M 1]ITOV_3?[W5<Y^XS>[K
M*'R<Q;CDT1A$"F?7(P&]"I E@667!D2'2EV35Z?G[XX85R&[?G,&OX$4XXRG
M+!T))Y;.<(:*1!P)I$"*=,H&VM C5VD&4D0/V#MN@RSBAATI&&0D8<3OM8E"
MD'1J"!U:=I4E*$Q@T.SWZS=OSU[#5NWM]-A;GO!X&DC%N&6<76H</ J_5]+8
M%"BY"8):<"O\+%SG%UF4RB2"$0@C=08"\BT'05X,XX)'\%A,X[8Y.:SE)K&O
M2ZPU:W[FW*GEKDRAV^ C5N-,>=Z['"%M[\ (@94:#+4H,E3"@5<"F7#DU(W.
MSE9G9Y/QH0C9_K^_O]UN=W9ZG0Z;"FXLFP@@?0/X(T0><E\'O8LL&+&S.#$:
M8(+[,.RQC1^V-QDP4/[4.V&F;-6CT"4@&V3T"QD8'4PMC(F=3^-DQ/&W*I>!
MI!@+^'[(4VC^ETCW@8>/K 7>)T"U$9]?-,]^.=ID-N# N"!DW@MQP[9W&VPB
MTQ'P?BRX8M(-@]Z!=?AAN[6[SS:2?T=IK]UJMSN;-;\\17YY^6()6VRWM[:!
M1F7.2T1'L098B& <R'"B#3!7)/@-=+#5CX1 Z(FTUP>NBP U?0GF\93/SOTX
M?JZ,X[X\\++F@2?/ [EN<,0^PPJ3D69@EP(B0D)&HA.#@0QX,&5BS*/,B>@$
MP5+(-G9WMG:!/(GT@0:!/RQ,5\=B G*=67C8#B2T0S0Y@]9,@=8\;5]?_7[1
M/&! K8:#=>K>Y0%U!RL5+]+XR]WGS(@<"\+J&R#T:%IVVV!CY*O*W\!RQ5\U
MZ3]%TO\Y0I,V9/AO(N ?&*018PF-AR(&C)\Z$8[C2M$E0[+3IKPO(PD&2Y@9
MI#:DV)> Z8$>3:; N/ LT0"C(HKT!%KH3QFLTPWV597":@4?-)@M#1MB3*<"
M#GJ66?@L$DUNXD:A;VA.!CJ##D)A8>UK@GZ*!.W,;0?^MQWXGZ5DH%V0>"#A
M0:R",(0Y213H,)<*75K$/C#]$0O>730OCJ^NV*]DL)))7WQVE"1@*' 5D+A'
M.0TP SV?H"I@3BS1$MKR\EFJ !@(:9<%0+$X & UF\#0 %/UG=O1/1J!<2\,
M,I?3+Z";5FB+U-GN-:T_15I?01- ^R20D\+EDVK6%P!C!'T^0 <0>W5RU.2)
M0]<Y&1%U X.HD)L0J2Y YP_ZA>**G1H5=FI<]08YULC@;:$S"UA#X8]XF<.H
M)M.'G"U&">1@^@7H]%Z3?W_T?Z]/&^SRJ-5@%WS*MML-Y_+<^.7\S<^G[/7I
M^ZOW9V]/-UFSR:HNQ*^U6TO=N2XR5&SAISLZ']RON5&,MV(Q(U\?@YW"U30W
ME3?9QFMN0_Y7EUV^.S_:;( 5G"L>D#A\*%A?:N!DX,Z )@V2(G!M ,\'F07!
M ,HG%-";3LBN1@[7<2P,AM$H7,04")#("Q!T3X.L(: (=E0J297:;# 0!!,'
M1L?,YIYE@\+%@N7.0N>)=B)DG/N:9Z4+2B%8Y6!$?8'"A?^59O_;NFJQ5QJL
M+WSWQ&1#=A3"VDG2]Z@\-T#2;<Z+.AAI X8:<I1Y(*A A8=,P784JCE$CST-
M&-<V]R:6?OT<8CC @4 #9^^\'F2%H>/#.?P_W=>_<79U]>YH<][G3^P$ZW8Y
MDA$/192,)">.0Q)&K(Z!".JOP882)#&B[__A2'+7N#? F"?PO-$#: V& 9T?
MY_.^%*'DJ<&(!JVHP!T 6A].\^D<0Z^A$:H$Y+]JFZ#VPH9FQP3 "E0/S#6#
MMCZ1C4C4A:"_W(9VH2EAR,=D=20?*7R -+9.;-_ZRMJD5IY?:/).GE.\T#,R
M"BTGJ5)&\H -,H-B# 8+;#B$7\%$R R(9C66SD64HL/IX?'APT'!1N'1M5R&
M[#VLUV\\ RTC0&:]TL3CU Q(&S%@I[<"V@-1QMZ@_TV0S,H58:M0@T>6T9N$
M85'CP%/D*8:50(4TFL R@M8C<>;DR!0?*^=!&FC)>&G5>#A&8R\$U3&2MF@0
MOP*ST0R=KYNS&S'U2T9ZE:5 ?P*D[E2D7GL9@;D&J,"6K#-*_ONN-#PVO]#K
M)+9FHK S*1=S.17;O4$D;INA-((HN LCSF+5 VB01'S:Q6_GTU@\[^;=T3--
MH<+EZ1E%[R.3=^[E@E3D00*B,2DEZ/1FOX FW<<)@*9F'S3H39,/0*=W>03[
M;Y],+L['*(3V(RJ$;RMW9\U4S(S\:('D!=D/8'-,PA^C>CI ;(]2KI0L)4(W
M&-J+P(+(I--,*]1,B0Z=]*-G$X*8).XX('D2EJ4:"D9&*Q277MLX/Z[K!!B*
MH"]*\XK@7BK8G1")ILPYR.A[/134M+0V$Z@6)()R 8H.5CX"#0'P-W86C06)
M*T#V,G&;4!YC"\.0+F$OFC:<95#J9NAD"OH*'7:%R5,H:.?#GE.W1D<T!,$-
M#3)%UY]RH1WE=Z&PDF"I"/2C[LMW@7;-JQ!4]H8'-[A( YP)(H'7)T?YY"TH
M=M!I(]AU[)-,AWLJ%^^X+ ?N]!0"AGQ+?2<.,E3Z>-'*]?O::J-'EZ9/!$$O
MF^O:9(&M@,"4ZO;!U!O;94>@Q[W=?E(X!)P3@&(+-4']X_6EVVU)293."]3X
M8 2R\"*E1CJWR I"Y-Y7)4RI'T$G: PIA1P&3J3*V?:NBZ[>D7U0C;1RT N)
M "3'0;=C+H!0MGRT<6_K8J/ZT/F%W6P51A=JP#&J*!CCM^38*=Q]:Z68'"A%
M#*836@%0^5F$2,)Y(('\7"P3:.:5Z)N,FRGI\@;&%:/,I3T%8"N/"<*40<Y*
MB!-HRF>7)$;&V )8-A2C;)#)ZJ#"[.=H#V-@$^=O$Q%(2F"I/%D0I'_%MM9J
M86NWV5.0T14U'2[SG(T 9D0$-9ZJPJY8RI@^UHQ /#1%1-D.-)"D8BQ7_0 [
MK9V=G>=S?ICJ BWUPI OI4=+T<3^;#=7DPN+5L[!=_5 V/+SUW2GM;O[XJ!S
MT-G=Z[3W=PY>/.]-M F=!ZA[(T0"PXR*I?'>(EJA.Q;%.WFWMXO]J3B.9MM:
M%_8Z4[-9D2ORY3?4CYV=S<8JK//Q:3B/D25?Y+Z7"90S*<"M4F6@E\G_^\GL
MTVD_5=YYT=ZI_K?_0,RCOQFN65IR0@X30'.!'J%CJ)(E_Z@I\B6QMVKRKLG[
M03!7)0%]*:D#_03>18QO296)5:K!NQ&OBPSCTP63U8@!MN>L&Z/A1^'!)2_H
M4/M$9'0=/RR1UQ"HAD  @>9\(0U6UCV!D>R+H3#YQQD?5/A1!* UT&DH*&N>
MI_D[(VY"(&"@HMQYE+OX&8Q.#H1-?9BF%MJUT'X,)/\IE7T \[<?!>:OK.<K
M:O568?::/6KV> CVN*L:]MLM@JW14(V&'B4FI@)M$NWH.\Y/#@'1GP4I%4'E
MB1XN+3S@"7Z<IV1@I@0;:QF(:@R#BJYF;8&K:NWK[QFZ>;127/K2E L@]\"G
M>F/5+"6Z^_:;12JVSE)*</0%6BY!DI.#"$8W4U[K&+UHU<5 \@'_E7$'X<;"
M9VY(,7%I&F-),\B[!D$A,:=/P.<"8R_4Y4A$B25["(@ZHT0;FFX1,<1"=6AF
MD$4*\UU6A@XK^37%2HG! $RD6AO6VO!!'5A/NBZ^YJ::FQ[&7S870[]3HS";
M]9LNXC_A=E;3KE"EXA;9C30-=&HQJ00^)19X=5*IGK_T^NF5+_&BFJEE1%ZG
M:W_CZ=K?SM&)M3Q] 'DZEE:Z8SFZ(QD"YGP8"?O-"-@35ZA*2'A@.* +;6Y:
MKOJ24'HN-L-%\Z#(OPI&7 T%Q>F<8)XV]0#H<2!\@MW"08N5PQAR(%X;W+7!
M_;"TC76]_2=P5D^-L6N,_3DJ8('$9YEACN#)?XH' SJIGX>A<T:[1]H1G9?;
MQ),78%CHJTKIF2LZBI.2CO"@(#R;4V/A%$#Y9KO5J6W*FMX?QJ9$LP:C84CK
MY"PL:+TQ0\I$Y3DY>FKTLIW$?1,T;7%<52B*DZHH_?R@=8!NE1,^91VT/O=;
M^S-NEB+DC6_LOGQ>!+WYK8RSN%) 5E4GU#2UN90=DE6D_EC6U!HEZSZAS.VR
MG"3BBL($-NO',F6<FG,'NB1)E+OX\7@9("UW[,O)$44 [EOD=6'O*(ILW75<
M@A&!(&?^SRA:TI'1V7"4'YS>8&\,Z 9%@W71@E?HX+RFLDP'</)#;/+S9/*A
MX^^E>H*A+"29<$OUME0KJ^@]W]NET6$6I)95[9ZAX57SHRYZJ"L=#3LNRKC?
MN9,M[E/D6)YK5!<Y_O/%L-OM2I'C]FR18UE-^(4*'CO;'U?P6+Q0B88N+7N\
M^U@:ME%^_VZVWK$N<OR218XGH''C/H+;]O9>RTLC5^ XFU:V4-]8)"+,AEL<
MA4JN2J=?):Y??E@7-#Y)W;YF\GC]"AK7D!YJCWKM4?],Q/-D#PJO'8^UX_&!
MBK]*Q'U7_M8,;_G[>(#^LR GW$YKK^T9 9EJGI^<SQ)+C'=[K,[]KTGZFR#I
MW9UE)%U1!Q]%UK7SY1\)]A=]X*#U4XEE)L694Q]TK"SU)G_ V?&YWG#T1E=<
MW2>EJ_L>KA;G*2_FC@T[U[\SS;%XH.KUSSWFRSSP,SWG%?92Y1G\M3]\+=GH
MT5WB1WV=I6SI]0ZU2WOMR.&A)^\.$0]]<39YB>G&B;S"NB]U*H(1R*84Z +E
MT1T7@<S=I>$\Y8]UF\;:^AOKC/!O/"/\8\10?8#WF@JVKW;7SO*K"BHA,I"*
M5?G&^D;SD"4R<=706%GMDA;P7IA0AH!P+843233*E*Y4<&[N&?@) B3%X>6W
M^2H/D",G6?'E3YMI \_9H,MWW'3Q7<SUCMSY,@P@)9W_G<^PS&N-!,YL?C9S
MAR+LM Z>5V.?:C0-#0+AH8C8QG*$O=G 90PR8P0>-\[Z M?2+ZL(/YPULO(P
M[_O \5RES7D\N1I*?8.5[T"K=MEZ>!OB0RN"UP3!5M 9*)\R4=A3*X QG(<V
M2X098% O8E@"B >\)]KX@5II\68HV'%*=E/%5!M 3X0 L& B78LKR":322OQ
M:YK>M@ 5K./-8["6+N9><CQPWCJLW[E4-R(\4VNZ:NNP1/]=Q[790*;$NQS8
MC=(3A4ENUQ/T )C-VFA_$F!F59J0FH< %<7!\EM)97'HIPN59Q@@4Y&[QU0)
M27=PH&.I+X1B!73I3XL<3&B$CDL'#$ /&S$$E)!J,\5#3E7@TY'4M'8G/37*
M7+@OD6S^!&\KP_KJ+,+[8!""W^$V:/ACWFQY>D*:7Q(&V$-4*!C)+/V(NQ6)
M,*GHBJX!&RRYII*"VE^,6K]N &MV[P[[YK,4W:.[)@&73K@)F^=:TZF!6#?D
M$@K6?NA/6BA<T[U_=!.5$<Z*\*X*LIII3R._I[;84[91'G"$%JR/N_BC?NB(
M%><T8]N=TYR7X:/,@)4+(SV]]05J1P%909V#G5VJ#  1A3Y.)V:*-EX<+6FC
M?'6G^BK;F'UF<Y,ND<4;J,KAQQPOU0(#&J8]U#RR#3JI0E4,1SQ](DCSZQ_)
M-3'(Z(P*"FI12%6%\%/@55=HI_O<3Q@3F'NFO,YP -:=(IL.+4KI+#:\I!85
M] 1L^D;I,O#6H[O!;&#+PB,%VCNW&7/Y/%M+86T6)Z[3&&0JP  WD8JA6#%.
M 7N Z.U'F+O:N*,/LCA740$ "CJU9NK/NYI98W<@E:&TU1!O\:3C0+P'@D;F
MJGY9EF!P&:'*  !+N<YN8>E"R'S=;#XEUQL&]-%%Y&Y>R\^9@\TM+^/,/YS(
M*%K\U(YT%H5+GE[^L:.)Q<]!;WI5N/@=4LOBIY&\$=&28?J;ZY9T#5(C7MZ!
MT7\N'151=&46N'(.%%H)4H,;I'&ZB<T3*E*!$D-W<@LJXR@S3D^[*]QHN4O2
M7=K,PJ[[MCW:%(N;"^/'I&9D(1ZE(PJ#*NV2RNZ00%Y*58?6JFB=<B#8%@@Y
MP",4PL"SE6P.N%<T?B?1>^(#ILW*#B)8"I?,VJ@^"^@;6LDK>!WYN!0Y6=[E
M6KW>FEQ"1<G*;!%"):!3HJGR>N]*T90+N^-^DT>98D8E6*L^"1L(E 4*8FGC
M1?@^R0S>,OBA4/6=;<1"^.R3JDV2P8X[8;WLY1DA/+N8?9 ] ^GEK2L@"[&V
MKE*>YO+ABUI-_\;\"^(6]M/*L?17F'],.L*]W)1+-HW;4:.B%X  =&8"[]DM
MR,1D:@*R[/[K0@YGO%Z1Q[9Z!N&GV*1>TA(16\%-,/)104TG(V3*;UK9"SY;
MDGCEMN#*?8O0)!W$D%::F=[);LAA*]4C7>9447P%T]NLCT(1Z<Y(>^.>Q (2
M@T*#L &]Z]EWF&'V4BH$D5.NYX6A;82W6H@D,K=3I.0#5!  (3 XP5 N(X-B
MK8\K_- EC')W2KJ@Z8I).O/)-8W]CSFY_DE4:5-=8Q<OP"0 $CBN (?(,C\3
M R?, 5/@_:)YPGW G<%%%VHJ5U92()3>_.O^3NAED8V<]4%B%7*GZF2OBI:%
M=G6?Y'65^?/;-V%E'+EAI0NN)JQD-9 LE@J6A?'=C^37RE]8!Z/_0<'H;^=X
MLB=DX*Y4<$Y Y<?H%K<7SV$NTOL?*WRJDH] 'NH#WQX>"$!'<4[)X!ZCSVV(
MIW\JE)H(MV><MD;\E4GC=*$;,6H%I^@(*#J45RD[+": WC)4=&CLHI)3 A"&
M!=U"L<G"_SL6%9WG6^HM"Q![B%LYEI%2ABFL6BWM\!.E-"7,HL2EG7D'S;G,
MW7PR]]+]^RW5 QJN&2X*'96SH';PK&*D1P<&Y5@3*' &3(F5ENUG:;64V +7
MLB]<!!;> 5(C&QK/5\T"7-Y!%N&3:AGJ\^!EL2\W:, L%EVPTB=:B908MW3'
MPB3=06[HND"2(410)B@TG*T\FX#E>_-]%.:=C!,RA&!SANYRL=PB4Q5P4"7J
M_$8:6D< ]6JA2MKM^;+GJH#!D^4B[DCQVN^T <::$0U/UP09[(VDFFQQ*X+,
M$^Q  I;S>#E.(CT5\TU6G!ADPAC,CDL)I:)E'.'E.PCIX N8;^H)!/X (DOQ
M)E!,IE-X 3N-%IA5EC>.2A,Z#S@2"I6-(U>6E"A,GG^0?Y>C:-BC(5?R[QQ]
MX4,X[%4P%1@L,+)?O9H<5G)8.'G*29)M-><DP_8*9]LQD(8D.YUM7)T>;RZ(
M+*4<QJ4KWN$I@.4QZ[2;OS7P[$"34F#3?6VKW__NINKI>_Z!E_@^WN3N:[S0
M)9:!Y+8C=_8K#?GTV 'RPBW%UR>1P8J@!2)Z#>/-Y-K,.9?V0)H@BU&,H*CP
M5TPYV@$+\RY_2JXE0+H55>GHZ0E@6_VMN1]M GG75(5V[W"YX/R1"7*S9PDO
MX!CA<0.T['K!4D.D(/B9VZL8U<)Y .ZQ$@F)KH8N?9LD"L@U11ZF#_1(0K_@
M,.P?A7 +>4HD9+AY!>T.;7 9_MAKQ">5_-M0"S\J$(C.H=*')V&ULB3TMV_@
MR8=HM]UE*=J*58F);&BF3T:"E-F<$8GM*%C2F3RA&>=;PY\2-T\U5=<T$MCJ
M ,%HFM#1#S>^QJ-T--.Z^9T(!8R=.)U01^7@9\Q@1J>O5^HD"^9[JX/3ZQ?=
M?/20W#%2&'#H64E2=1CQ(;;OJQS>XJZR!0&[YHOS*)-_+VPDINS7%ON-9X#2
M!5&RJ^4PI'&.3]^L*-68I_FO!H*$;=WXT?]G[=,ZOPE&7+<LD:\B&/"F([Y.
MI(,+> %6VI2]!E/.NC\!.B((NP0#2 G PM=&1@!QCD+ :X@:S\^/UX518X7#
M_D]*(^1^@#6;5M$=D^&/SPSBWC_X[A^B<U".9 U+)[]8S=(_+=YPN-77X?2G
M[PZW1FD<_?3_4$L! A0#%     @ 9J2T7":XXX*1$P  5\,  !$
M     ( !     '!V;&$M,C R-C U,C N:'1M4$L! A0#%     @ 9J2T7"64
M2R[$"   MV4  !$              ( !P!,  '!V;&$M,C R-C U,C N>'-D
M4$L! A0#%     @ 9J2T7.\FU*,@&0  U+<   \              ( !LQP
F '!V;&$M97@Y.5\Q+FAT;5!+!08      P # +L     -@     !

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>14
<FILENAME>pvla-20260520_htm.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xbrl
  xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"
  xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2025"
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
    <link:schemaRef xlink:href="pvla-20260520.xsd" xlink:type="simple"/>
    <context id="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001583648</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2026-05-20</startDate>
            <endDate>2026-05-20</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <dei:EntityCentralIndexKey
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_b629baa0-c6e8-416f-8639-ec45d2167878">0001583648</dei:EntityCentralIndexKey>
    <dei:AmendmentFlag
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_d68b5346-ba24-4b2a-933c-b596d2937fc2">false</dei:AmendmentFlag>
    <dei:DocumentType
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_e13c2339-0248-4dce-b9e0-c3fcebcc9da6">8-K</dei:DocumentType>
    <dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_fa18ab02-debd-4d00-a1c5-757f560bc3ca">2026-05-20</dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate>
    <dei:EntityRegistrantName
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_cf850c6a-4f69-4d83-b6cd-ea39bbb06e3e">Palvella Therapeutics, Inc.</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
    <dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_020cf4a4-99f6-4cfb-8d61-7768089773bb">NV</dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode>
    <dei:EntityFileNumber
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_d9abebbc-55bb-4977-9407-16efbec5dd81">001-37471</dei:EntityFileNumber>
    <dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_1f517933-ad05-4211-951a-0164709ecba9">30-0784346</dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber>
    <dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_11a00a33-f763-46b3-88e2-6209682c35f9">353 W. Lancaster Ave</dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1>
    <dei:EntityAddressAddressLine2
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_6a707b0a-f13e-46f1-b32b-e71921db2e68">Suite 200</dei:EntityAddressAddressLine2>
    <dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_5d2cc1e6-9da2-47f6-953b-7a9854691104">Wayne</dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown>
    <dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_5e8c4868-4660-4185-ab42-cdc1f6fb10ae">PA</dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince>
    <dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_cc0d3b24-4be1-444b-86fc-2e6e687a670b">19087</dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode>
    <dei:CityAreaCode
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_9eb9f9a6-39a5-43e8-8f36-ed6e8abc529c">484</dei:CityAreaCode>
    <dei:LocalPhoneNumber
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_90595058-4b3b-4224-9f77-bff48d35813d">253-1461</dei:LocalPhoneNumber>
    <dei:WrittenCommunications
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_0d44d74b-4179-4212-bfe5-ba872151050c">false</dei:WrittenCommunications>
    <dei:SolicitingMaterial
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_9933ca1d-55fa-4f55-94e8-d59c2824b96e">false</dei:SolicitingMaterial>
    <dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_ebee9ce1-cddf-4adc-9dba-7fd9b3d01057">false</dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer>
    <dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_0562e792-523b-4e3b-a09e-4dda0672cd50">false</dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer>
    <dei:Security12bTitle
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_3131949f-8375-4819-9b7d-301b73507a8f">Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share</dei:Security12bTitle>
    <dei:TradingSymbol
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_c5dc7c29-171e-47a7-a567-a5c0ded64e43">PVLA</dei:TradingSymbol>
    <dei:SecurityExchangeName
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_57b5bb0e-911e-406d-b70e-d70529eb2b06">NASDAQ</dei:SecurityExchangeName>
    <dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany
      contextRef="C_495f2640-7cd6-4b71-8743-00ac770b6d9c"
      id="F_2d60cf5d-cb8e-4998-ae50-ab2fe1163c7a">false</dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany>
</xbrl>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
