Stock-Based Compensation	9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Stock-Based Compensation	Note 10 – Stock-Based Compensation During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 the Board of Directors granted 427,996 time-based restricted stock units and 205,944 performance-based restricted stock units, which relates to the annual grant to our employees and grants to the Board of Directors. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 the Board of Directors granted 383,519 time-based restricted stock units and 211,639 performance-based restricted stock units, which relates to the annual grant to our employees and Board of Directors. Time-based restricted stock units are issued with the fair value equal to the closing market price of Metallus common shares on the date of grant. These restricted stock units do not have any performance conditions for vesting. Expense is recognized over the service period, adjusted for any forfeitures that occur during the vesting period. The weighted average fair value of the restricted stock units granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $20.66 per share. Performance-based restricted stock units issued in 2024 vest based on achievement of a total shareholder return (“TSR”) metric. The TSR metric is considered a market condition, which requires Metallus to reflect it in the fair value on grant date using an advanced option-pricing model. The fair value of each performance share was therefore determined using a Monte Carlo valuation model, a generally accepted lattice pricing model under ASC 718 – Stock-based Compensation. The Monte Carlo valuation model, among other factors, uses commonly-accepted economic theory underlying all valuation models, estimates fair value using simulations of future share prices based on stock price behavior and considers the correlation of peer company returns in determining fair value. The fair value of the performance-based restricted stock units granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $18.73 per share. In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Board approved and authorized a performance-based Transformation Incentive Grant program (the “Transformation Incentive Grant Program”). Under the Transformation Incentive Grant Program, certain employees were granted performance-based restricted stock unit awards designed to be earned based upon the closing price performance of the Company's common shares during a performance period running from December 1, 2023 through December 31, 2026. Similar to the annual performance-based restricted stock units, the fair value of each share is determined using a Monte Carlo valuation model, a generally accepted lattice pricing model. There were no additional grants under the Transformation Incentive Grant Program during 2024. For further information, refer to Metallus' Stock Based Compensation note included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. Metallus recognized stock-based compensation expense of $3.5 million and $10.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $3.0 million and $8.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Future stock-based compensation expense related to the unvested portion of all awards is approximately $22.3 million. The future expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining vesting periods through 2027.

Stock-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Note 10 – Stock-Based Compensation

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 the Board of Directors granted 427,996 time-based restricted stock units and 205,944 performance-based restricted stock units, which relates to the annual grant to our employees and grants to the Board of Directors. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 the Board of Directors granted 383,519 time-based restricted stock units and 211,639 performance-based restricted stock units, which relates to the annual grant to our employees and Board of Directors.

Time-based restricted stock units are issued with the fair value equal to the closing market price of Metallus common shares on the date of grant. These restricted stock units do not have any performance conditions for vesting. Expense is recognized over the service period, adjusted for any forfeitures that occur during the vesting period. The weighted average fair value of the restricted stock units granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $20.66 per share.

Performance-based restricted stock units issued in 2024 vest based on achievement of a total shareholder return (“TSR”) metric. The TSR metric is considered a market condition, which requires Metallus to reflect it in the fair value on grant date using an advanced option-pricing model. The fair value of each performance share was therefore determined using a Monte Carlo valuation model, a generally accepted lattice pricing model under ASC 718 – Stock-based Compensation. The Monte Carlo valuation model, among other factors, uses commonly-accepted economic theory underlying all valuation models, estimates fair value using simulations of future share prices based on stock price behavior and considers the correlation of peer company returns in determining fair value. The fair value of the performance-based restricted stock units granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $18.73 per share.

In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Board approved and authorized a performance-based Transformation Incentive Grant program

(the “Transformation Incentive Grant Program”). Under the Transformation Incentive Grant Program, certain employees were granted performance-based restricted stock unit awards designed to be earned based upon the closing price performance of the Company's common shares during a performance period running from December 1, 2023 through December 31, 2026. Similar to the annual performance-based restricted stock units, the fair value of each share is determined using a Monte Carlo valuation model, a generally accepted lattice pricing model. There were no additional grants under the Transformation Incentive Grant Program during 2024. For further information, refer to Metallus' Stock Based Compensation note included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Metallus recognized stock-based compensation expense of $3.5 million and $10.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $3.0 million and $8.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Future stock-based compensation expense related to the unvested portion of all awards is approximately $22.3 million. The future expense is expected to be recognized over the remaining vesting periods through 2027.