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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2026

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

See Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included in the 2025 Annual Report.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. These estimates, judgments and assumptions are based on historical data and experience available at the date of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as various other factors management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. The Company’s estimates and assumptions may evolve as conditions change. Actual results could differ significantly from these estimates.

On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, primarily those related to: (i) revenue recognition criteria, (ii) accounts receivable and allowances for credit losses, (iii) the useful lives of fixed assets and intangible assets, (iv) estimates of tax liabilities, (v) valuation of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets at the time of acquisition and on a recurring basis, and (vi) valuation of investments.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash Shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2026		2025
	(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	26,305	$	87,880
Restricted cash included in Other long-term assets		135		135
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	26,440	$	88,015

Trade Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses

Trade accounts receivable are stated at the amount the Company expects to collect. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses for expected uncollectible trade accounts receivable, which is recorded as an offset to trade accounts receivable, and changes in allowance for credit losses are classified as a general and administrative expense in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company assesses collectability by reviewing trade accounts receivable on a collective basis where similar risk characteristics exist and on an individual basis when it identifies specific customers that have deterioration in credit quality such that they may no longer share similar risk characteristics with the other receivables. In determining the amount of the allowance for credit losses, the Company uses a loss rate model or probability-of-default and loss-given default model. Following the loss rate method, expected credit losses are determined based on an estimated historical loss rate. The probability of default method allows the ability to define a point of default and measure credit losses for receivables that have reached the point of default for purposes of calculating the allowance for credit losses. Loss-given default represents the likelihood that a receivable that has reached the point of default will not be collected in full. The Company updates its loss rate and factors quarterly to incorporate the most recent historical data and adjusts the quantitative portion of the reserve through its qualitative reserve overlay. The Company looks at qualitative factors such as current internal and external conditions as of the balance sheet date in determining expected credit losses.

A roll-forward of the activity in the Company’s allowance for credit losses for the six months ended June 30, 2026, dollars in thousands, is as follows:


Allowance for credit losses at beginning of year	$	21,411
Current period provision		4,856
Write-downs		(749	)
Recoveries of amounts previously charged off		12
Allowance for credit losses as of June 30, 2026	$	25,530

Business Combinations

The Company uses the acquisition method of accounting and allocates the fair value of purchase consideration to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed from an acquiree based on their respective fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair value of these assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill. When determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, management makes significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Critical estimates in valuing intangible assets include, but are not limited to, expected future cash flows, which includes consideration of future growth and margins, future changes in technology, expected cost and time to develop in-process research and development, brand awareness and discount rates. Fair value estimates are based on the assumptions that management believes a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.

Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

Intangible assets, unless determined to be indefinite-lived, are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The Company amortizes intangible assets with definite lives on a straight-line basis generally over periods ranging from 3 to 18 years. See Note 17. Goodwill and Intangible Assets, for details of intangible assets.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company evaluates the carrying amount of its long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when estimated future cash flows expected to result from the use of an asset and its eventual disposition are less than the carrying amount of the asset.

Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangibles

In-process research & development, or IPR&D, costs are considered to be indefinite-lived until the completion or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts. If and when development is complete, the associated assets would be deemed finite-lived and would then be amortized based on their respective estimated useful lives at that point in time.

The Company assesses goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles for impairment on an annual basis and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. The Company may choose to bypass a qualitative assessment of impairment for any reporting unit and proceed directly to performing a quantitative assessment. An impairment loss would be recognized for the amount by which the reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value.

If a quantitative assessment is deemed necessary, the quantitative assessment includes estimating the fair value of each reporting unit and comparing it to its carrying value. The Company estimates the fair value of reporting units using both income-based and market-based valuation methods and typically engages a third-party appraisal firm to assist with the valuation. If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, the goodwill is not impaired, and no further review is required.

The income-based fair value methodology is based on a reporting unit’s forecasted future cash flows that are discounted to the present value using the reporting unit’s weighted-average cost of capital. The income-based approach incorporates management’s assumptions and judgments regarding economic conditions in the markets in which a company operates and conditions in the capital markets, many of which are outside of management’s control. The market-based fair value methodology includes (i) the guideline public company valuation method, which analyzes the valuation multiples of comparable public companies, and (ii) the merger and acquisition method, which compares the market values of similar businesses, to estimate the value of the reporting units. Under the market-based approach, judgment is required in evaluating market multiples and recent transactions.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, trade accounts receivable, restricted cash, a preferred stock investment, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities. The carrying amounts of certain of these financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short maturities. The fair value of marketable securities and the preferred stock investment is disclosed in Note 4. Fair Value Measurements, to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.

Concentrations of Credit Risk, Customers, and Suppliers

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, and marketable securities. As of June 30, 2026, substantially all of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were deposited in accounts at financial institutions, and amounts may exceed federally insured limits. Management believes that the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial strength of the depository institutions in which its cash and cash equivalents are held.

In certain periods, a small number of customers or a single laboratory customer have accounted for a significant portion of the Company’s revenue. For the laboratory services segment, when customers who, to our knowledge, are under common control or otherwise affiliated with each other are aggregated, no single customer held a significant concentration of the Company's revenue in the three months ended June 30, 2026. One of the Company's laboratory customers comprised $16.1 million, or 10%, of the Company’s revenue in the six months ended June 30, 2026. The same laboratory customer comprised $17.6 million, or 22%, of total revenue in the three months ended June 30, 2025, and $35.2 million, or 23%, of total revenue in the six months ended June 30, 2025. The same laboratory customer was not a significant concentration of total accounts receivable, net, as of June 30, 2026, but comprised 13% of total accounts receivable, net, as of December 31, 2025. For this laboratory customer, and for our customers generally, tests are typically purchased on a test-by-test basis and not pursuant to any long-term purchasing arrangements. In the therapeutic development segment, revenue is an immaterial portion of the Company’s total revenue as it does not yet have any commercialized or approved product candidates.

The Company relies on a limited number of suppliers for certain laboratory substances used in the chemical reactions incorporated into its processes, referred to as reagents, as well as for the sequencers and various other equipment and materials it uses in its laboratory operations. In particular, the Company relies on a sole supplier for the next generation sequencers and associated reagents it uses to perform its genetic tests and as the sole provider of maintenance and repair services for these sequencers. The Company’s laboratory operations would be interrupted if it encountered delays or difficulties securing these reagents, sequencers, other equipment or materials or maintenance and repair services, which could occur for a variety of reasons, including if the Company needs a replacement or temporary substitute for any of its limited or sole suppliers and is not able to locate and make arrangements for an acceptable replacement or temporary substitute. The Company’s development efforts could also be delayed or interrupted if it is unable to procure items needed for its therapeutic development activities. The Company believes there is currently a limited number of manufacturers that are capable of supplying and servicing some of the equipment and other materials necessary for its laboratory operations, including sequencers and various associated reagents.

Reportable Segments and Geographic Information

Reportable segments are identified as components of an enterprise for which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the Chief Operating Decision-Maker, or CODM, in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. The Company’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer. The Company has two reportable segments: a laboratory services business and a therapeutic development business. For further financial information about these segments, including information for each of the periods presented regarding revenue, operating income (loss), and other important information, see Note 7. Reportable Segments and Geographic Information.

Foreign Currency Translation and Foreign Currency Transactions

The Company translates the assets and liabilities of its non-USD functional currency subsidiaries into USD using exchange rates in effect at the end of each period. Expenses for these subsidiaries are translated using rates that approximate those in effect during the period. These unrealized gains and losses are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income in the equity section of the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and do not impact net income.

The Company and its subsidiaries that use the USD as their functional currency remeasure monetary assets and liabilities at exchange rates in effect at the end of each period. The carrying value of these monetary assets and liabilities will change with exchange rate fluctuations resulting in a foreign currency transaction gain or loss which is recognized in other income, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Reagents and supplies, property, and other nonmonetary assets and liabilities are remeasured when the transaction is initially recognized using the historical rate that was in effect when the asset was acquired or liability was incurred. The carrying amounts do not change as a result of exchange rate fluctuations and no foreign currency transaction gain or loss is recognized. Gains and losses from foreign currency exchange were not significant for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, and 2025.

Income Taxes

The effective tax rate used for interim periods is the estimated annual effective consolidated tax rate, based on the current estimate of full year results, except that taxes related to specific events, if any, are recorded in the interim period in which they occur. The annual effective tax rate is based upon several significant estimates and judgments, including the estimated annual pre-tax income (loss) of the Company in each tax jurisdiction in which it operates, and the development of tax planning strategies during the year. In addition, the Company’s tax expense can be impacted by changes in tax rates or laws and other factors that cannot be predicted with certainty. As such, there can be significant volatility in interim tax provisions.

Comprehensive (Loss) Income

Comprehensive (loss) income is comprised of net (loss) income and other comprehensive (loss) income. Other comprehensive (loss) income consists of net unrealized gain or loss on available-for-sale debt securities, net of tax, and foreign currency translation adjustments from the Company’s subsidiaries not using the USD as their functional currency. The tax expense of foreign currency translation income (loss) was zero for each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, and 2025.

Reclassifications from other comprehensive (loss) income to net loss, were zero in each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, and 2025. The tax effects related to net unrealized gain or loss on available-for-sale debt securities was zero in each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, and 2025, due to the valuation allowance in the current period that precludes the Company from recognizing the deferred tax benefit.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company classifies its customers into three payor types: (i) Institutional, including hospitals, medical institutions, other laboratories, governmental bodies, and large corporations, (ii) Insurance, or (iii) Patients who pay directly, as the Company believes this best depicts how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The following table summarizes revenue from contracts with customers by payor type for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, and 2025:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2026		2025		2026		2025
	(in thousands)
Revenue by payor
Institutional	$	39,126	$	45,619	$	77,690	$	86,943
Insurance		44,229		34,385		73,977		65,129
Patients		2,034		1,799		4,860		3,194
Total revenue	$	85,389	$	81,803	$	156,527	$	155,266

The Company estimates variable consideration using the expected value method. Any changes in variable consideration estimates that affect transactions are accounted for on a cumulative catch-up basis. Variable consideration adjustments in the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, and 2025 were not significant.

Contract Balances

Receivables from contracts with customers

Receivables from contracts with customers are included within trade accounts receivable on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Receivables from Insurance and Institutional customers represented 45% and 55%, respectively, as of June 30, 2026, and each represented 50%, as of December 31, 2025.

Contract assets and liabilities

Contract liabilities are recorded when the Company receives payment prior to completing its obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer. Contract liabilities are included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Revenues of $0.2 million and $0.9 million were recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, respectively, and $0.3 million and $0.2 million were recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, related to contract liabilities at the beginning of the respective periods. As of June 30, 2026, and December 31, 2025, the Company has no contract assets from contracts with customers associated with contract execution and certain costs to fulfill a contract.

Prior Period Reclassifications

Certain amounts reported in the prior period have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation. In the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, the Company has presented income taxes paid, net of refunds received, due to the prior adoption of ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvement to Income Tax Disclosures.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The Company evaluates all Accounting Standards Updates, or ASUs, issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, for consideration of their applicability. ASUs not included in the Company’s disclosures were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

Adopted

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets. This update provides all entities with a practical expedient related to the estimation of expected credit losses for current accounts receivable and current contract assets that arise from transactions accounted for under ASC 606. Amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2026, and the impact is not material for the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Issued

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. This update requires disclosure in the notes to financial statements of specified information about certain costs and expenses. Amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this amendment on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosure.

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangible—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software. This update simplifies the capitalization guidance by removing all references to software development project stages, so that the guidance is neutral to different software development methods. Amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this amendment on its financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements. This update clarifies the applicability of interim reporting guidance, provides a comprehensive list of required interim disclosures, and establishes a disclosure principle that requires disclosure of material events that occurred after the end of the last annual reporting period. Amendments in this update are effective for interim reporting periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this amendment on its financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-12, Codification Improvements. This update makes targeted amendments to various topics within the Accounting Standards Codification intended to clarify, correct errors, or make minor improvements to existing guidance. Amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this amendment on its financial statements and related disclosures.

The Company does not expect that any other recently issued accounting guidance will have a significant effect on its consolidated financial statements.