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Note 10 - Operating and Reporting Segments | 12 Months Ended
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Oct. 31, 2022
Notes to Financial Statements |
Segment Reporting Disclosure [Text Block] | 10. Operating and Reporting Segments HEI’s operating segments are components of the Company’s business for which discrete financial information is available and reviewed regularly by the chief operating decision maker, our Chief Executive Officer, to evaluate performance and make resource allocations. We currently have homebuilding operations in 14 states that are aggregated into reportable segments based primarily upon geographic proximity. Historically, the Company had seven reportable segments consisting of six homebuilding segments (Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, Southeast, Southwest and West) and its financial services segment. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022, we reevaluated our reportable segments as a result of changes in the business and our management thereof. In particular, we considered the fact that, since our segments were last established, the Company had exited the Minnesota, North Carolina and Tampa markets and is currently in the process of exiting the Chicago market. Applying the principles set forth under ASC 280, including that our business trends are reflective of economic conditions in markets with general geographic proximity, we realigned our homebuilding operating segments. HEI’s reportable segments now consist of the following three homebuilding segments and a financial services segment. Homebuilding:
| (1) | Northeast (Delaware, Illinois, Maryland, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia)
| (2) | Southeast (Florida, Georgia and South Carolina)
| (3) | West (Arizona, California and Texas)
All prior period amounts related to the segment change have been retrospectively reclassified throughout to conform to the new presentation. Operations of the homebuilding segments primarily include the sale and construction of single-family attached and detached homes, attached townhomes and condominiums, urban infill and active lifestyle homes in planned residential developments. In addition, from time to time, operations of the homebuilding segments include sales of land. Operations of the financial services segment include mortgage banking and title services provided to the homebuilding operations’ customers. Our financial services subsidiaries do not typically retain or service mortgages that we originate but sell the mortgages and related servicing rights to investors. Corporate and unallocated primarily represents operations at our headquarters in New Jersey. This includes our executive offices, information services, human resources, corporate accounting, training, treasury, process redesign, internal audit, construction services, administration of insurance, quality and safety. It also includes interest income and interest expense resulting from interest incurred that cannot be capitalized in inventory in the homebuilding segments, as well as the gains or losses on extinguishment of debt from any debt repurchases or exchanges. Evaluation of segment performance is based primarily on income (loss) before income taxes. Income (loss) before income taxes for the homebuilding segments consist of revenues generated from the sales of homes and land, income (loss) from unconsolidated entities, management fees and other income, less the cost of homes and land sold, selling, general and administrative expenses and interest expense. Income (loss) before income taxes for the financial services segment consist of revenues generated from mortgage financing, title insurance and closing services, less the cost of such services and corporate general and administrative expenses. Operational results of each segment are not necessarily indicative of the results that would have occurred had the segment been an independent stand-alone entity during the periods presented. Financial information relating to our reportable segments are as follows:
|  | Year Ended October 31, |
(In thousands) |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | $ | 1,085,081 |  |  | $ | 871,091 |  |  | $ | 821,456 |
Southeast |  |  | 323,961 |  |  |  | 285,658 |  |  |  | 232,730 |
West |  |  | 1,450,632 |  |  |  | 1,544,397 |  |  |  | 1,217,086 |
Total homebuilding |  |  | 2,859,674 |  |  |  | 2,701,146 |  |  |  | 2,271,272 |
Financial services |  |  | 61,540 |  |  |  | 81,692 |  |  |  | 72,162 |
Corporate and unallocated |  |  | 1,017 |  |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | 467 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 2,922,231 |  |  | $ | 2,782,857 |  |  | $ | 2,343,901 |
Income before income taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | $ | 177,406 |  |  | $ | 102,896 |  |  | $ | 63,136 |
Southeast |  |  | 60,178 |  |  |  | 17,764 |  |  |  | 1,355 |
West |  |  | 207,519 |  |  |  | 198,343 |  |  |  | 84,599 |
Total homebuilding |  |  | 445,103 |  |  |  | 319,003 |  |  |  | 149,090 |
Financial services |  |  | 19,121 |  |  |  | 37,563 |  |  |  | 32,102 |
Corporate and unallocated (1) |  |  | (144,471 | ) |  |  | (166,705 | ) |  |  | (125,789 | )
Income before income taxes |  | $ | 319,753 |  |  | $ | 189,861 |  |  | $ | 55,403 |
(1) Corporate and unallocated for the year ended October 31, 2022 included corporate general and administrative expenses of $102.6 million, interest expense of $28.6 million (a component of Other interest in our Consolidated Statements of Operations), loss on extinguishment of debt of $6.8 million and $6.5 million of other expenses. Corporate and unallocated for the year ended October 31, 2021 included corporate general and administrative expenses of $106.7 million, interest expense of $57.1 million, loss on extinguishment of debt of $3.7 million and $0.8 million of other income. Corporate and unallocated for the year ended October 31, 2020 included corporate general and administrative expenses of $80.5 million, interest expense of $61.9 million, gain on extinguishment of debt of $13.3 million and $3.3 million of other income.
|  | October 31, |
(In thousands) |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | $ | 530,884 |  |  | $ | 491,507 |
Southeast |  |  | 330,894 |  |  |  | 257,044 |
West |  |  | 802,704 |  |  |  | 643,342 |
Total homebuilding |  |  | 1,664,482 |  |  |  | 1,391,893 |
Financial services |  |  | 155,993 |  |  |  | 202,758 |
Corporate and unallocated |  |  | 741,555 |  |  |  | 725,857 |
Total assets |  | $ | 2,562,030 |  |  | $ | 2,320,508 |
|  | October 31, |
(In thousands) |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Investments in and advances to unconsolidated joint ventures: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | $ | 20,241 |  |  | $ | 18,920 |
Southeast |  |  | 52,651 |  |  |  | 40,563 |
West |  |  | 174 |  |  |  | 268 |
Total homebuilding |  |  | 73,066 |  |  |  | 59,751 |
Corporate and unallocated |  |  | 1,874 |  |  |  | 1,146 |
Total investments in and advances to unconsolidated joint ventures |  | $ | 74,940 |  |  | $ | 60,897 |
|  | Year Ended October 31, |
(In thousands) |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Homebuilding interest expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | $ | 31,552 |  |  | $ | 30,212 |  |  | $ | 39,089 |
Southeast |  |  | 17,403 |  |  |  | 19,490 |  |  |  | 17,005 |
West |  |  | 55,056 |  |  |  | 55,029 |  |  |  | 60,120 |
Total homebuilding |  |  | 104,011 |  |  |  | 104,731 |  |  |  | 116,214 |
Corporate and unallocated |  |  | 28,572 |  |  |  | 57,085 |  |  |  | 61,917 |
Financial services interest expense (income) (1) |  |  | (213 | ) |  |  | (35 | ) |  |  | (35 | )
Total interest expense, net |  | $ | 132,370 |  |  | $ | 161,781 |  |  | $ | 178,096 |
| (1) | Financial services interest expense (income) is included in Financial services revenue or expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
|  | Year Ended October 31, |
(In thousands) |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Depreciation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | $ | 1,542 |  |  | $ | 1,459 |  |  | $ | 1,605 |
Southeast |  |  | 291 |  |  |  | 214 |  |  |  | 327 |
West |  |  | 1,298 |  |  |  | 1,811 |  |  |  | 1,500 |
Total homebuilding |  |  | 3,131 |  |  |  | 3,484 |  |  |  | 3,432 |
Financial services |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | 13 |
Corporate and unallocated |  |  | 2,321 |  |  |  | 1,783 |  |  |  | 1,859 |
Total depreciation |  | $ | 5,457 |  |  | $ | 5,280 |  |  | $ | 5,304 |
|  | Year Ended October 31, |
(In thousands) |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Net additions to property and equipment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | $ | 1,848 |  |  | $ | 1,271 |  |  | $ | 1,069 |
Southeast |  |  | 229 |  |  |  | 256 |  |  |  | 102 |
West |  |  | 1,841 |  |  |  | 1,174 |  |  |  | 1,622 |
Total homebuilding |  |  | 3,918 |  |  |  | 2,701 |  |  |  | 2,793 |
Financial services |  |  | 28 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Corporate and unallocated |  |  | 8,646 |  |  |  | 3,241 |  |  |  | 587 |
Total net additions to property and equipment |  | $ | 12,592 |  |  | $ | 5,942 |  |  | $ | 3,380 |
|  | Year Ended October 31, |
(In thousands) |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Equity in earnings from unconsolidated joint ventures: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Northeast |  | $ | 12,674 |  |  | $ | 2,958 |  |  | $ | 10,644 |
Southeast |  |  | 16,359 |  |  |  | 2,061 |  |  |  | 820 |
West |  |  | - |  |  |  | 3,830 |  |  |  | 5,101 |
Total equity in earnings from unconsolidated joint ventures |  | $ | 29,033 |  |  | $ | 8,849 |  |  | $ | 16,565 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 31 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8924-108599 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 34 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8981-108599 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -Subparagraph (a) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8721-108599 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 40 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e9031-108599 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (f) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (e) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 26 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8844-108599 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 41 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e9038-108599 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (d) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 22 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8736-108599 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 42 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e9054-108599 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8657-108599 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -Subparagraph (b) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8721-108599 Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134510 + Details
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