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Note 4 - Leases

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2023

4.	Leases

We rent certain office space for use in our operations. We assess each of these contracts to determine whether the arrangement contains a lease as defined by ASC 842. In order to meet the definition of a lease under ASC 842, the contractual arrangement must convey to us the right to control the use of an identifiable asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. We recognize lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term and combine lease and non-lease components for all leases. Our office lease terms are typically from three to five years and generally contain renewal options. In accordance with ASC 842, our lease terms include renewals only to the extent that they are reasonably certain to be exercised. The exercise of these lease renewal options is generally at our discretion. In accordance with ASC 842, the lease liability is equal to the present value of the remaining lease payments while the ROU asset is based on the lease liability, subject to adjustment, such as for lease incentives. Our leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit interest rate and therefore, we must estimate our incremental borrowing rate. In determining the incremental borrowing rate, we consider the lease period and our collateralized borrowing rates.

Our lease population at October 31, 2023 is comprised of operating leases where we are the lessee, primarily for our corporate office and division offices. As allowed by ASC 842, we made an accounting policy election to not record leases with an initial term of 12 months or less on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Lease costs are included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations, primarily in "Selling, general and administrative" homebuilding expenses and payments on our lease liabilities are presented in the table below.

	*Year Ended October 31,*
(In thousands)	*2023*		*2022*		*2021*
Operating lease costs	$	11,059	$	10,483	$	10,521
Cash payments on lease liabilities	$	9,293	$	9,605	$	9,598

ROU assets are classified within "Prepaid expenses and other assets" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, while lease liabilities are classified within "Accounts payable and other liabilities." We recorded a net increase to both ROU assets and lease liabilities of $19.8 million as a result of new leases and lease renewals that commenced during the year ended October 31, 2023. The following table contains additional information about our leases:

(In thousands)	*2023*			*2022*
ROU assets	$	25,745		$	17,899
Lease liabilities	$	26,470		$	18,862
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)		5.1			3.5
Weighted-average discount rate		10.0	%		9.5	%

Maturities of our operating lease liabilities as of October 31, 2023 are as follows:

Fiscal Year Ending October 31,	*(In thousands)*
2024	$	8,491
2025		8,028
2026		6,538
2027		4,317
2028		1,784
Thereafter		4,871
Total operating lease payments (1)		34,029
Less: imputed interest		(7,559	)
Present value of operating lease liabilities	$	26,470

(1) Lease payments exclude $3.2 million of legally binding minimum lease payments for office leases signed but not yet commenced as of October 31, 2023. The related ROU asset and operating lease liability are not reflected on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet as of October 31, 2023.