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Note 13 - Per Share Calculation - Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Apr. 30, 2024
Jan. 31, 2024
Apr. 30, 2023
Jan. 31, 2023
Apr. 30, 2024
Apr. 30, 2023
Per Share Calculation            
Net income $ 50,836 $ 23,904 $ 34,146 $ 18,716 $ 74,740 $ 52,862
Less: preferred stock dividends (2,669)   (2,669)   (5,338) (5,338)
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities (2,193)   (2,599)   (3,214) (3,983)
Numerator for basic earnings per share 45,974   28,878   66,188 43,541
Plus: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities 2,193   2,599   3,215 3,983
Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to participating securities (2,194)   (2,600)   (3,215) (3,987)
Numerator for diluted earnings per share $ 45,973   $ 28,877   $ 66,188 $ 43,537
Denominator for basic earnings per share – weighted average shares outstanding (in shares) 6,457   6,166   6,477 6,176
Stock-based payments (in shares) 445   296   443 287
Denominator for diluted earnings per share – weighted-average shares outstanding (in shares) 6,902   6,462   6,920 6,463
Basic earnings per share ( in dollor per share $ 7.12   $ 4.68   $ 10.22 $ 7.05
Diluted earnings per share (in dollars per share) $ 6.66   $ 4.47   $ 9.57 $ 6.74