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Business Segments | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2026
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
Business Segments | 12. BUSINESS SEGMENTS The Company's segments are determined as those operations whose results are reviewed regularly by the chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), who is our Executive Chairman, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. Our CODM manages our business segments primarily by the type of product or services provided. We have four reportable segments which we operate within the United States of America: Stimulation Services, Proppant Production, Manufacturing and Flotek. Amounts in the other category reflect our business activities that are not separately reportable, which includes Livewire Power, LLC (“Livewire”). Livewire enables onsite power generation services for oilfield and non-oilfield customers that require off-grid power solutions. The CODM assesses the performance of the segments based on segment Adjusted EBITDA, which is defined as our net income (loss) before (i) interest expense, net, (ii) income taxes, (iii) depreciation, depletion and amortization, (iv) (loss) gain on disposal of assets, net, (v) stock-based compensation, and (vi) other charges, such as certain credit losses, gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt, gain (loss) on investments, acquisition and integration expenses, litigation expenses and accruals for legal contingencies, acquisition earnout adjustments, severance charges, goodwill impairments, gains on insurance recoveries, transaction costs, third-party supply commitment charges, lease termination costs and impairments of long-lived assets. We account for intersegment transactions as if the transactions were with third parties, that is, at estimated current market prices. Summarized financial information for our reportable segments is as follows:
|  | Stimulation Services |  |  | Proppant Production |  |  | Manufacturing |  |  | Flotek |  |  | Other |  |  | Eliminations |  |  | Total |
Three Months Ended March 31 2026: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
External customers — services |  | $ | 407.0 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3.3 |  |  | $ | 410.3 |
External customers — product sales (1) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 14.1 |  |  |  | 7.0 |  |  |  | 18.2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 39.3 |
Intercompany (2) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 105.5 |  |  |  | 41.4 |  |  |  | 54.1 |  |  |  | 2.9 |  |  |  | (203.9 | ) |  |  | — |
Total Revenue |  | $ | 407.0 |  |  | $ | 119.6 |  |  | $ | 48.4 |  |  | $ | 72.3 |  |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | $ | (200.6 | ) |  | $ | 449.6 |
Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation, depletion, and amortization (3) |  |  | 349.3 |  |  |  | 108.5 |  |  |  | 38.1 |  |  |  | 53.6 |  |  |  | 3.0 |  |  |  | (198.1 | ) |  |  | 354.4 |
Selling, general and administrative, excluding stock-based compensation |  |  | 25.7 |  |  |  | 4.6 |  |  |  | 3.5 |  |  |  | 7.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 41.2 |
Other income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 32.0 |  |  | $ | 6.5 |  |  | $ | 6.8 |  |  | $ | 11.3 |  |  | $ | (0.1 | ) |  | $ | (2.5 | ) |  | $ | 54.0 |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |  |  | 75.1 |  |  |  | 18.7 |  |  |  | 2.8 |  |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | (1.3 | ) |  |  | 97.1 |
Investment in property, plant & equipment |  |  | 36.0 |  |  |  | 4.9 |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | 2.2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2.6 | ) |  |  | 40.7 |
As of March 31, 2026: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 20.1 |  |  | $ | 5.1 |  |  | $ | 2.6 |  |  | $ | 5.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 33.5 |
Total current assets |  |  | 454.4 |  |  |  | 89.6 |  |  |  | 315.3 |  |  |  | 117.5 |  |  |  | 4.4 |  |  |  | (446.8 | ) |  |  | 534.4 |
Property, plant, and equipment, net |  |  | 635.6 |  |  |  | 711.6 |  |  |  | 40.5 |  |  |  | 30.8 |  |  |  | 9.6 |  |  |  | (14.7 | ) |  |  | 1,413.4 |
Total assets |  |  | 2,801.0 |  |  |  | 1,113.8 |  |  |  | 459.2 |  |  |  | 272.7 |  |  |  | 35.0 |  |  |  | (2,131.1 | ) |  |  | 2,550.6 |
Current portion of long-term debt |  |  | 92.6 |  |  |  | 55.7 |  |  |  | 3.1 |  |  |  | 4.8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 156.2 |
Long-term debt |  |  | 602.4 |  |  |  | 251.7 |  |  |  | 14.5 |  |  |  | 39.8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 908.4 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 1,941.6 |  |  |  | 446.5 |  |  |  | 378.0 |  |  |  | 113.7 |  |  |  | 40.7 |  |  |  | (1,154.7 | ) |  |  | 1,765.8 |
|  | Stimulation Services |  |  | Proppant Production |  |  | Manufacturing |  |  | Flotek |  |  | Other |  |  | Eliminations |  |  | Total |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
External customers — services |  | $ | 523.8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 523.9 |
External customers — product sales (1) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 43.3 |  |  |  | 8.7 |  |  |  | 24.4 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 76.4 |
Intercompany (2) |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 24.0 |  |  |  | 57.1 |  |  |  | 32.4 |  |  |  | 5.3 |  |  |  | (119.5 | ) |  |  | — |
Total Revenue |  | $ | 524.5 |  |  | $ | 67.3 |  |  | $ | 65.8 |  |  | $ | 56.8 |  |  | $ | 5.4 |  |  | $ | (119.5 | ) |  | $ | 600.3 |
Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation, depletion, and amortization (3) |  |  | 387.8 |  |  |  | 43.2 |  |  |  | 55.3 |  |  |  | 42.5 |  |  |  | 5.0 |  |  |  | (114.4 | ) |  |  | 419.4 |
Selling, general and administrative, excluding stock-based compensation |  |  | 33.1 |  |  |  | 5.8 |  |  |  | 6.5 |  |  |  | 6.4 |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 52.5 |
Other expense (income) |  |  | (1.0 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1.1 | )
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 104.6 |  |  | $ | 18.3 |  |  | $ | 4.0 |  |  | $ | 8.0 |  |  | $ | (0.3 | ) |  | $ | (5.1 | ) |  | $ | 129.5 |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |  |  | 82.4 |  |  |  | 19.2 |  |  |  | 4.6 |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.9 | ) |  | $ | 106.0 |
Investment in property, plant & equipment |  |  | 51.3 |  |  |  | 3.7 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |  | (3.9 | ) |  | $ | 52.5 |
As of December 31, 2025: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 14.0 |  |  | $ | 1.1 |  |  | $ | 2.1 |  |  | $ | 5.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 22.9 |
Total current assets |  |  | 403.1 |  |  |  | 78.5 |  |  |  | 315.7 |  |  |  | 110.4 |  |  |  | 3.5 |  |  |  | (427.7 | ) |  |  | 483.5 |
Property, plant, and equipment, net |  |  | 669.4 |  |  |  | 725.6 |  |  |  | 42.7 |  |  |  | 29.6 |  |  |  | 10.4 |  |  |  | (13.4 | ) |  |  | 1,464.3 |
Total assets |  |  | 2,795.6 |  |  |  | 1,115.8 |  |  |  | 455.8 |  |  |  | 266.2 |  |  |  | 37.0 |  |  |  | (2,097.3 | ) |  |  | 2,573.1 |
Current portion of long-term debt |  |  | 94.1 |  |  |  | 48.5 |  |  |  | 3.6 |  |  |  | 3.5 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 149.7 |
Long-term debt |  |  | 554.8 |  |  |  | 266.4 |  |  |  | 14.6 |  |  |  | 39.8 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 875.6 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 1,855.2 |  |  |  | 425.2 |  |  |  | 378.0 |  |  |  | 114.2 |  |  |  | 41.9 |  |  |  | (1,122.1 | ) |  |  | 1,692.4 |
(1) Our Proppant Production segment recognized noncash revenue associated with acquired contract liabilities of zero and $5.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Refer to Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" in our Annual Report for information about our acquired contract liabilities. (2) In our other business activities, Flotek recorded revenue of $2.7 million and $7.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, related to contract shortfalls because the Stimulation Services segment did not purchase the minimum contractual commitment of chemistry products from Flotek. (3) Cost of revenues, exclusive of depreciation, depletion, and amortization, for the Stimulation Services segment included an intercompany supply commitment charge of $2.7 million and $7.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, because this segment did not purchase the minimum contractual commitment of chemistry products from Flotek. The following table reconciles consolidated Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss):
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2026 |  |  | 2025 |
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 54.0 |  |  | $ | 129.5 |
Interest expense, net |  |  | (32.8 | ) |  |  | (35.9 | )
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |  |  | (97.1 | ) |  |  | (106.0 | )
Income tax expense |  |  | (1.6 | ) |  |  | (0.3 | )
Gain (loss) on disposal of assets, net |  |  | 2.0 |  |  |  | (3.4 | )
Stock-based compensation (1) |  |  | (2.4 | ) |  |  | (1.1 | )
Lease termination |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  |  | — |
Transaction costs |  |  | (0.3 | ) |  |  | (0.2 | )
Acquisition and integration costs |  |  | — |  |  |  | (0.1 | )
Litigation expenses |  |  | (2.4 | ) |  |  | (1.6 | )
Gain on investments, net |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3.7 |
Net loss |  | $ | (80.8 | ) |  | $ | (15.4 | )
(1) Stock-based compensation is reported in “Selling, general and administrative” in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and is not allocated to the segments.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -Subparagraph (b) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-21 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Name 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