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INVESTMENTS AND FAIR VALUE HIERARCHY
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Schedule of Investments [Abstract]  
INVESTMENTS AND FAIR VALUE HIERARCHY INVESTMENTS AND FAIR VALUE HIERARCHY
The Company received debentures (the "Debentures") and warrants (the "AVCT Warrants") as sale consideration in connection with the sale of its Kandy Communications business on December 1, 2020 to American Virtual Cloud Technologies, Inc. ("AVCT"). The Debentures bore interest at a rate of 10% per annum, which was added to the principal amount of the Debentures. On September 8, 2021 (the "Debenture Conversion Date"), the Debentures were converted into 13,700,421 shares of AVCT common stock (the "Debenture Shares"). The AVCT Warrants entitled the Company to purchase 4,377,800 shares of AVCT common stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share and were to expire on December 1, 2025. The Company's investment in AVCT (the "AVCT Investment") was comprised of the Debentures and AVCT Warrants for periods prior to the Debenture Conversion Date and the Debenture Shares and AVCT Warrants for periods subsequent to the Debenture Conversion Date. The Company recorded the AVCT Investment at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded as a component of Other (expense) income, net, in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

On August 29, 2022, the Company and AVCT entered into a settlement agreement which provided for, amongst other things, the cancellation of the Company's investment in the Debenture Shares and the AVCT Warrants with an aggregate fair value of $2.6 million. Pursuant to the settlement agreements, the Company and AVCT also entered into a Wind Down Agreement, pursuant to which a Reseller Agreement between the parties, as previously amended, was terminated, and the Company was granted a non-exclusive perpetual license to use and modify certain intellectual property owned by AVCT comprising WebRTC gateway technology that is integrated with Ribbon’s SBCs and Application Servers. As consideration, the Company paid AVCT $2.5 million in cash, the Debenture Shares were redeemed and canceled, and the AVCT Warrants were terminated and canceled. The perpetual license granted by AVCT is classified as Intangible assets, net in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 in the amount of $3.5 million and $3.9 million, respectively.

The Company had no investment in AVCT as of March 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022 due to the settlement agreement entered into on August 29, 2022. The Company recorded losses of $27.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022, representing the change in the fair value of the AVCT Investment.

The carrying amounts of the Company's financial instruments approximate their fair values and include cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and borrowings under a revolving credit facility. Ribbon's term debt balance as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 of $250.4 million and $330.4 million, respectively, had a fair value of approximately $247.3 million and $323.0 million, respectively. Our Preferred Stock and Warrants liabilities had a combined fair value of $53.4 million upon issuance on March 28, 2023 and will be marked to fair value at each subsequent reporting date.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. The three-tier fair value hierarchy is based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value. A financial instrument's categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:
Level 1. Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2. Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets).

Level 3. Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.