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FAIR VALUE
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
FAIR VALUE FAIR VALUE
Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Certain financial instruments and all non-financial instruments are excluded from disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company.
The fair value hierarchy distinguishes between (1) market participant assumptions developed based on market data obtained from independent sources (observable inputs) and (2) an entity's own assumptions about market participant assumptions based on the best information available in the circumstances (unobservable inputs). The fair value hierarchy consists of three broad levels, which gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are:
Level 1 – quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 – significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3 – at least one significant unobservable input that reflects a company's own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.
In instances in which multiple levels of inputs are used to measure fair value, hierarchy classification is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.
The Company used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate fair value for instruments measured on a recurring basis:
Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 securities include highly liquid government bonds, mortgage products and exchange traded equities. If quoted market prices are not available, securities are classified within Level 2 and fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or discounted cash flow. Level 2 securities include U.S. agency securities, mortgage-backed securities, obligations of states and political subdivisions and certain corporate, asset backed and other securities. In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. All of the Company’s securities are classified as available for sale.
The Company had no liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
The following table summarizes assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total Fair
Value
Measurements
September 30, 2020
Investment securities:
States and political subdivisions$— $112,707 $— $112,707 
GSE residential MBSs— 4,578 — 4,578 
GSE residential CMOs— 62,139 — 62,139 
Nonagency CMOs— — 17,162 17,162 
Private label commercial CMOs— 62,479 6,730 69,209 
Asset-backed— 212,150 — 212,150 
Other343 — — 343 
Loans held for sale— 12,804 — 12,804 
Interest rate swaps— 339 — 339 
Interest rate lock commitments on residential mortgages— — 1,143 1,143 
Totals$343 $467,196 $25,035 $492,574 
December 31, 2019
Investment securities:
States and political subdivisions$— $87,863 $— $87,863 
GSE residential CMOs— 68,154 — 68,154 
Nonagency CMOs— — 17,087 17,087 
Private label commercial CMOs— 79,437 7,192 86,629 
Asset-backed— 230,515 — 230,515 
Other637 — — 637 
Loans held for sale— 9,364 — 9,364 
Interest rate lock commitments on residential mortgages— — 103 103 
Totals$637 $475,333 $24,382 $500,352 

The Company has CMOs measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The Level 3 valuation is based on a non-executable broker quote, which is considered a significant unobservable input. Such quotes are updated as available and may remain constant for a period of time for certain broker-quoted securities that do not move with the market or that are not interest rate sensitive as a result of their structure or overall attributes.
Effective October 1, 2019, the Company’s residential mortgage loans held for sale were recorded at fair value utilizing Level 2 measurements. This fair value measurement is determined based upon third party quotes obtained on similar loans. For loans held for sale for which the fair value option has been elected, the aggregate fair value exceeded the aggregate principal balance by $424 thousand as of September 30, 2020.
The determination of the fair value of interest rate lock commitments on residential mortgages is based on agreed upon pricing with the respective investor on each loan and includes a pull through percentage. The pull through percentage represents an estimate of loans in the pipeline to be delivered to an investor versus the total loans committed for delivery. Significant changes in this input could result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement. As the pull through percentage is a significant unobservable input, this is deemed a Level 3 valuation input. The average pull through percentage, which is based upon historical experience, was 89% as of September 30, 2020. An increase or decrease of 5% in the pull through assumption would result in a positive or negative change of $62 thousand in the fair value of interest rate lock commitments at September 30, 2020.
The following provides details of the Level 3 fair value measurement activity for the periods ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:
CMOs:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020201920202019
Balance, beginning of period$23,834 $— $24,279 $— 
Unrealized gain (loss) included in OCI200 — (229)— 
Principal payments and other(142)— (158)— 
Balance, end of period$23,892 $— $23,892 $— 

Interest rate lock commitments on residential mortgages:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020201920202019
Balance, beginning of period$986 $— $103 $— 
Total gains
Included in earnings157 — 1,040 — 
Balance, end of period$1,143 $— $1,143 $— 

Certain financial assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Adjustments to the fair value of these assets usually results from the application of lower of cost or market accounting or write-downs of individual assets. The Company used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate fair value for these financial assets.
Impaired Loans

Loans are designated as impaired when, in the judgment of management and based on current information and events, it is probable that all amounts due, according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, will not be collected. The measurement of loss associated with impaired loans for all loan classes can be based on either the observable market price of the loan, the fair value of the collateral, or discounted cash flows using a market rate of interest for performing TDRs. For collateral-dependent loans, fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing the loan, less estimated costs to sell. Collateral may be in the form of real estate or business assets including equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable. The value of the real estate collateral is determined utilizing an income or market valuation approach based on an appraisal conducted by an independent, licensed appraiser outside of the Company using observable market data (Level 2). However, if the collateral is a house or building in the process of construction, or if management adjusts the appraisal value, then the fair value is considered Level 3. The value of business equipment is based upon an outside appraisal, if deemed significant, or the net book value on the applicable business’ financial statements if not considered significant using observable market data. Likewise, values for inventory and accounts receivable collateral are based on financial statement balances or aging reports (Level 3). Impaired loans with an allocation to the ALL are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Any fair value adjustments are recorded in the period incurred as provision for loan losses on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income.
Any changes in the fair value of impaired loans still held were not material for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Foreclosed Real Estate

OREO property acquired through foreclosure is initially recorded at the fair value of the property at the transfer date less estimated selling cost. Subsequently, OREO is carried at the lower of its carrying value or the fair value less estimated selling cost. Fair value is usually determined based upon an independent third-party appraisal of the property or occasionally upon a recent sales offer. There were no charges recorded to the value of OREO at the lower of cost or fair value on properties held during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. There were no changes in the fair value of OREO for properties still held at September 30, 2020 that were charged to real estate expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.
Mortgage Servicing Rights

The MSR fair value is estimated to be equal to its carrying value, unless the quarterly valuation model calculates the present value of the estimated net servicing income is less than its carrying value, in which case an impairment charge is taken. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, an impairment reserve of $1.1 million and $70 thousand, respectively, existed on the mortgage servicing right portfolio. For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, impairment charges of $166 thousand and $221 thousand were included, respectively, in mortgage banking activities on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, impairment charges of $986 thousand and $240 thousand were included, respectively, in mortgage banking activities on the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income. The impairment charges resulted from rapidly declining market rates caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
The following table summarizes assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Fair Value
Measurements
September 30, 2020
Impaired Loans
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied$— $— $875 $875 
Multi-family— — 74 74 
Non-owner occupied residential— — 39 39 
Commercial and industrial— — 195 195 
Residential mortgage:
First lien— — 684 684 
Home equity - lines of credit— — 174 174 
Total impaired loans$— $— $2,041 $2,041 
Mortgage servicing rights$— $— $2,661 $2,661 
December 31, 2019
Impaired Loans
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied$— $— $938 $938 
Multi-family— — 96 96 
Non-owner occupied residential— — 103 103 
Commercial and industrial— — 11 11 
Residential mortgage:
First lien— — 641 641 
Home equity - lines of credit— — 400 400 
Installment and other loans— — 7 7 
Total impaired loans$— $— $2,196 $2,196 
Mortgage servicing rights$— $— $3,119 $3,119 
The following table presents additional qualitative information about assets measured on a nonrecurring basis and for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:
Fair Value
Estimate		Valuation
Techniques		Unobservable InputRange
September 30, 2020
Impaired loans$2,041 Appraisal of collateralManagement adjustments on appraisals for property type and recent activity
0% - 25% discount
 - Management adjustments for liquidation expenses
6%- 19% discount
Mortgage servicing rights$2,661 Discounted cash flowsWeighted average CPR16.96%
 - Weighted average discount rate9.57%
December 31, 2019
Impaired loans$2,196 Appraisal of collateralManagement adjustments on appraisals for property type and recent activity
0% - 20% discount
 - Management adjustments for liquidation expenses
6% - 33% discount
Mortgage servicing rights$3,119 Discounted cash flowsWeighted average CPR11.63%
- Weighted average discount rate9.54%
Fair values of financial instruments
The following table presents carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
Carrying
Amount		Fair ValueLevel 1Level 2Level 3
September 30, 2020
Financial Assets
Cash and due from banks$26,854 $26,854 $26,854 $— $— 
Interest-bearing deposits with banks60,453 60,453 60,453 — — 
Restricted investments in bank stocks12,646 n/an/an/an/a
Investment securities478,288 478,288 — 454,396 23,892 
Loans held for sale12,804 12,804 — 12,804 — 
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses2,010,145 2,003,349 — — 2,003,349 
Interest rate lock commitments on residential mortgages1,143 1,143 — — 1,143 
Interest rate swaps339 339 — 339 — 
Accrued interest receivable8,812 8,812 — 1,810 7,002 
Financial Liabilities
Deposits2,279,483 2,282,669 — 2,282,669 — 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase17,445 17,445 — 17,445 — 
FHLB advances and other183,373 183,650 — 183,650 — 
Subordinated notes31,889 32,009 — 32,009 — 
Interest rate swaps2,014 2,014 — 2,014 — 
Accrued interest payable819 819 — 819 — 
December 31, 2019
Financial Assets
Cash and due from banks$25,969 $25,969 $25,969 $— $— 
Interest-bearing deposits with banks30,493 30,493 30,493 — — 
Restricted investments in bank stocks16,184 n/an/an/an/a
Investment securities490,386 490,386 — 466,107 24,279 
Loans held for sale9,364 9,364 — 9,364 — 
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses1,629,675 1,652,788 — — 1,652,788 
Interest rate lock commitments on residential mortgages103 103 — — 103 
Accrued interest receivable6,040 6,040 — 1,863 4,177 
Financial Liabilities
Deposits1,875,522 1,876,555 — 1,876,555 — 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase8,269 8,269 — 8,269 — 
FHLB advances and other209,667 210,005 — 210,005 — 
Subordinated notes31,847 33,953 — 33,953 — 
Accrued interest payable879 879 — 879 — 

The methods used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments at September 30, 2020 did not necessarily represent an exit price. In accordance with the Company's adoption of ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, the methods utilized to measure the fair value of financial instruments at September 30, 2020 represents an approximation of exit price; however, an actual exit price may differ.