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FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE SHEET RISK
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE SHEET RISK FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE SHEET RISK
The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its clients. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. The contract amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Company has in particular classes of financial instruments.
The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit and financial guarantees written is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. The following table presents these contractual, or notional, amounts at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
Contractual or Notional Amount
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Commitments to fund:
Home equity lines of credit$339,871 $337,460 
1-4 family residential construction loans52,218 40,330 
Commercial real estate, construction and land development loans134,924 132,607 
Commercial, industrial and other loans358,353 357,099 
Standby letters of credit28,218 24,529 
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a client as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each client’s credit-worthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the client. Collateral varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, equipment, residential real estate, and income-producing commercial properties.
Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees written are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a client to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to clients. The Company holds collateral supporting those commitments when deemed necessary by management. The liability at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 for guarantees under standby letters of credit issued was not considered to be material.
The Company maintains a reserve on its off-balance sheet credit exposures, which totaled approximately $1.6 million and $1.7 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and is recorded in other liabilities on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted CECL and recorded a day-one adjustment, which increased the allowance for credit losses for off-balance sheet credit exposures by $100 thousand. The reserve is based on management's estimate of expected losses in its off-balance sheet credit exposures. The reserve specific to unfunded loan commitments is determined by applying utilization assumptions based on historical experience and applying the expected loss rates by loan class. Following adoption of CECL, the change in the reserve for off-balance sheet credit exposures is recorded as a provision or reduction to expense through the provision for credit losses in the consolidated statements of income. The Company recorded a reversal to the provision for credit losses for off-balance sheet credit exposures of $123 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Prior to January 1, 2023, the Company maintained the reserve based on historical loss experience of the related loan class and utilization assumptions, for off-balance sheet credit exposures that currently are not funded. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company recorded expense of zero to other operating expenses in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income associated with its reserve for off-balance sheet credit exposures.