10-Q 1 cac-093018x10qdoc.htm 10-Q
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018
OR
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File No. 0-28190
CAMDEN NATIONAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

MAINE | 01-0413282
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) | Identification No.)
2 ELM STREET, CAMDEN, ME | 04843
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (207) 236-8821
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter periods that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ¨ | Accelerated filer x
Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company ¨
| Emerging growth company ¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ¨ No x
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practical date:
Outstanding at October 26, 2018: Common stock (no par value) 15,584,743 shares.

CAMDEN NATIONAL CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2018
TABLE OF CONTENTS OF INFORMATION REQUIRED IN REPORT

|  | PAGE
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
ITEM 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
| Consolidated Statements of Condition (unaudited) - September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 | 3
| Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited) - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 | 4
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited) - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 | 5
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (unaudited) - Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 | 6
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) - Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 | 7
| Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements | 8
ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | 45
ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK | 66
ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | 68
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION |
ITEM 1. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS | 69
ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS | 69
ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS | 69
ITEM 3. | DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES | 69
ITEM 4. | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES | 69
ITEM 5. | OTHER INFORMATION | 69
ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS | 70
SIGNATURES | 71

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION (unaudited)
(In thousands, except number of shares) |  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks |  | $ | 48,124 |  |  | $ | 44,057 |
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks |  | 50,218 |  |  | 58,914 |
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |  | 98,342 |  |  | 102,971 |
Investments: |  |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale securities, at fair value |  | 780,343 |  |  | 789,899 |
Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost (fair value of $90.6 million and $94.9 million, respectively) |  | 92,933 |  |  | 94,073 |
Other investments |  | 16,901 |  |  | 23,670 |
Total investments |  | 890,177 |  |  | 907,642 |
Loans held for sale, at fair value |  | 10,158 |  |  | 8,103 |
Loans |  | 2,908,843 |  |  | 2,782,439 |
Less: allowance for loan losses |  | (23,526 | ) |  | (24,171 | )
Net loans |  | 2,885,317 |  |  | 2,758,268 |
Goodwill |  | 94,697 |  |  | 94,697 |
Other intangible assets, net of amortization |  | 4,411 |  |  | 4,955 |
Bank-owned life insurance |  | 89,312 |  |  | 87,489 |
Premises and equipment, net |  | 41,277 |  |  | 41,891 |
Deferred tax assets |  | 25,738 |  |  | 22,776 |
Other assets |  | 52,155 |  |  | 36,606 |
Total assets |  | $ | 4,191,584 |  |  | $ | 4,065,398 |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |
Demand |  | $ | 564,113 |  |  | $ | 478,643 |
Interest checking |  | 932,972 |  |  | 855,570 |
Savings and money market |  | 996,790 |  |  | 985,508 |
Certificates of deposit |  | 446,414 |  |  | 475,010 |
Brokered deposits |  | 280,466 |  |  | 205,760 |
Total deposits |  | 3,220,755 |  |  | 3,000,491 |
Short-term borrowings |  | 409,732 |  |  | 541,796 |
Long-term borrowings |  | 10,738 |  |  | 10,791 |
Subordinated debentures |  | 59,028 |  |  | 58,911 |
Accrued interest and other liabilities |  | 73,806 |  |  | 49,996 |
Total liabilities |  | 3,774,059 |  |  | 3,661,985 |
Commitments and Contingencies |  |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders’ Equity |  |  |  |  |  |
Common stock, no par value: authorized 40,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding 15,584,526 and 15,524,704 on September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively |  | 158,019 |  |  | 156,904 |
Retained earnings |  | 292,741 |  |  | 266,723 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities, net of tax |  | (26,221 | ) |  | (10,300 | )
Net unrealized losses on cash flow hedging derivative instruments, net of tax |  | (3,373 | ) |  | (5,926 | )
Net unrecognized losses on postretirement plans, net of tax |  | (3,641 | ) |  | (3,988 | )
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | (33,235 | ) |  | (20,214 | )
Total shareholders’ equity |  | 417,525 |  |  | 403,413 |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity |  | $ | 4,191,584 |  |  | $ | 4,065,398 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
3

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (unaudited)
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands, except number of shares and per share data) |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Interest Income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest and fees on loans |  | $ | 32,813 |  |  | $ | 29,350 |  |  | $ | 94,014 |  |  | $ | 84,835 |
Interest on U.S. government and sponsored enterprise obligations (taxable) |  | 4,408 |  |  | 4,177 |  |  | 13,019 |  |  | 12,788 |
Interest on state and political subdivision obligations (nontaxable) |  | 659 |  |  | 686 |  |  | 1,989 |  |  | 2,079 |
Interest on deposits in other banks and other investments |  | 677 |  |  | 497 |  |  | 1,902 |  |  | 1,362 |
Total interest income |  | 38,557 |  |  | 34,710 |  |  | 110,924 |  |  | 101,064 |
Interest Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest on deposits |  | 5,255 |  |  | 3,027 |  |  | 13,463 |  |  | 8,568 |
Interest on borrowings |  | 2,021 |  |  | 1,665 |  |  | 6,099 |  |  | 4,302 |
Interest on subordinated debentures |  | 858 |  |  | 858 |  |  | 2,556 |  |  | 2,553 |
Total interest expense |  | 8,134 |  |  | 5,550 |  |  | 22,118 |  |  | 15,423 |
Net interest income |  | 30,423 |  |  | 29,160 |  |  | 88,806 |  |  | 85,641 |
Provision for credit losses |  | 354 |  |  | 817 |  |  | 840 |  |  | 2,797 |
Net interest income after provision for credit losses |  | 30,069 |  |  | 28,343 |  |  | 87,966 |  |  | 82,844 |
Non-Interest Income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debit card income |  | 2,173 |  |  | 2,061 |  |  | 6,228 |  |  | 5,887 |
Service charges on deposit accounts |  | 1,910 |  |  | 1,852 |  |  | 5,679 |  |  | 5,632 |
Mortgage banking income, net |  | 1,758 |  |  | 2,076 |  |  | 4,758 |  |  | 5,566 |
Income from fiduciary services |  | 1,339 |  |  | 1,229 |  |  | 4,029 |  |  | 3,831 |
Brokerage and insurance commissions |  | 615 |  |  | 600 |  |  | 1,950 |  |  | 1,601 |
Bank-owned life insurance |  | 606 |  |  | 603 |  |  | 1,823 |  |  | 1,750 |
Other service charges and fees |  | 596 |  |  | 589 |  |  | 1,564 |  |  | 1,558 |
Net gain on sale of securities |  | 664 |  |  | 827 |  |  | 695 |  |  | 827 |
Other income |  | 731 |  |  | 462 |  |  | 1,971 |  |  | 2,107 |
Total non-interest income |  | 10,392 |  |  | 10,299 |  |  | 28,697 |  |  | 28,759 |
Non-Interest Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salaries and employee benefits |  | 13,143 |  |  | 12,145 |  |  | 38,433 |  |  | 36,240 |
Furniture, equipment and data processing |  | 2,575 |  |  | 2,429 |  |  | 7,710 |  |  | 7,204 |
Net occupancy costs |  | 1,614 |  |  | 1,599 |  |  | 5,112 |  |  | 5,234 |
Consulting and professional fees |  | 958 |  |  | 714 |  |  | 2,878 |  |  | 2,412 |
Debit card expense |  | 833 |  |  | 662 |  |  | 2,339 |  |  | 2,034 |
Regulatory assessments |  | 447 |  |  | 574 |  |  | 1,447 |  |  | 1,607 |
Other real estate owned and collection costs, net |  | 239 |  |  | 258 |  |  | 565 |  |  | 558 |
Amortization of intangible assets |  | 182 |  |  | 473 |  |  | 544 |  |  | 1,417 |
Other expenses |  | 3,175 |  |  | 2,971 |  |  | 9,337 |  |  | 8,705 |
Total non-interest expense |  | 23,166 |  |  | 21,825 |  |  | 68,365 |  |  | 65,411 |
Income before income tax expense |  | 17,295 |  |  | 16,817 |  |  | 48,298 |  |  | 46,192 |
Income tax expense |  | 3,238 |  |  | 5,478 |  |  | 9,204 |  |  | 14,543 |
Net Income |  | $ | 14,057 |  |  | $ | 11,339 |  |  | $ | 39,094 |  |  | $ | 31,649 |
Per Share Data |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic earnings per share |  | $ | 0.90 |  |  | $ | 0.72 |  |  | $ | 2.50 |  |  | $ | 2.03 |
Diluted earnings per share |  | $ | 0.90 |  |  | $ | 0.72 |  |  | $ | 2.50 |  |  | $ | 2.02 |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding |  | 15,580,782 |  |  | 15,515,189 |  |  | 15,565,355 |  |  | 15,505,698 |
Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding |  | 15,638,986 |  |  | 15,589,008 |  |  | 15,621,400 |  |  | 15,580,072 |
Cash dividends declared per share |  | $ | 0.30 |  |  | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.85 |  |  | $ | 0.69 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
4

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (unaudited)
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands) |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Net Income |  | $ | 14,057 |  |  | $ | 11,339 |  |  | $ | 39,094 |  |  | $ | 31,649 |
Other comprehensive (loss) income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net change in unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net change in unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities, net of tax of $887, $142, $4,376 and ($784), respectively |  | (3,240 | ) |  | (262 | ) |  | (15,963 | ) |  | 1,458 |
Net reclassification adjustment for net losses (gains) included in net income, net of tax of ($59), $289, ($66) and $289, respectively(1) |  | 216 |  |  | (538 | ) |  | 240 |  |  | (538 | )
Net change in unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities, net of tax |  | (3,024 | ) |  | (800 | ) |  | (15,723 | ) |  | 920 |
Net change in unrealized losses on cash flow hedging derivatives: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net change in unrealized losses on cash flow hedging derivatives, net of tax of ($127), $43, ($556) and $243, respectively |  | 462 |  |  | (80 | ) |  | 2,031 |  |  | (452 | )
Net reclassification adjustment for effective portion of cash flow hedges, net of tax of ($38), ($128), ($143) and ($432), respectively(2) |  | 139 |  |  | 238 |  |  | 522 |  |  | 802 |
Net change in unrealized losses on cash flow hedging derivatives, net of tax |  | 601 |  |  | 158 |  |  | 2,553 |  |  | 350 |
Reclassification of amortization of net unrecognized actuarial loss and prior service cost, net of tax of ($31), ($23), ($94) and ($69), respectively(3) |  | 115 |  |  | 42 |  |  | 347 |  |  | 128 |
Other comprehensive (loss) income |  | (2,308 | ) |  | (600 | ) |  | (12,823 | ) |  | 1,398 |
Comprehensive Income |  | $ | 11,749 |  |  | $ | 10,739 |  |  | $ | 26,271 |  |  | $ | 33,047 |

(1) | Reclassified into the consolidated statements of income within net gain on sale of securities.

(2) | Reclassified into the consolidated statements of income within interest on borrowings and subordinated debentures.

(3) | Reclassified into the consolidated statements of income within salaries and employee benefits and other expenses.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
5

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (unaudited)
|  | Common Stock |  |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  | Total Shareholders’ Equity
(In thousands, except number of shares and per share data) |  | Shares Outstanding |  | Amount |  | Retained Earnings |  |
Balance at December 31, 2016 |  | 15,476,379 |  |  | $ | 156,041 |  |  | $ | 249,415 |  |  | $ | (13,909 | ) |  | $ | 391,547 |
Net income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 31,649 |  |  | — |  |  | 31,649 |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,398 |  |  | 1,398 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  | — |  |  | 1,135 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,135 |
Exercise of stock options and issuance of vested share awards, net of repurchase for tax withholdings |  | 39,198 |  |  | (615 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (615 | )
Cash dividends declared ($0.69 per share) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (10,748 | ) |  | — |  |  | (10,748 | )
Balance at September 30, 2017 |  | 15,515,577 |  |  | $ | 156,561 |  |  | $ | 270,316 |  |  | $ | (12,511 | ) |  | $ | 414,366 |
Balance at December 31, 2017 |  | 15,524,704 |  |  | $ | 156,904 |  |  | $ | 266,723 |  |  | $ | (20,214 | ) |  | $ | 403,413 |
Cumulative-effect adjustment (Note 2) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 198 |  |  | (198 | ) |  | — |
Net income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 39,094 |  |  | — |  |  | 39,094 |
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12,823 | ) |  | (12,823 | )
Stock-based compensation expense |  | — |  |  | 1,405 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,405 |
Exercise of stock options and issuance of vested share awards, net of repurchase for tax withholdings |  | 59,822 |  |  | (290 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (290 | )
Cash dividends declared ($0.85 per share) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (13,274 | ) |  | — |  |  | (13,274 | )
Balance at September 30, 2018 |  | 15,584,526 |  |  | $ | 158,019 |  |  | $ | 292,741 |  |  | $ | (33,235 | ) |  | $ | 417,525 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
6

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)
|  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands) |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Operating Activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Income |  | $ | 39,094 |  |  | $ | 31,649 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Originations of mortgage loans held for sale |  | (157,736 | ) |  | (148,661 | )
Proceeds from the sale of mortgage loans |  | 159,740 |  |  | 155,086 |
Gain on sale of mortgage loans, net of origination costs |  | (4,126 | ) |  | (4,323 | )
Depreciation and amortization expense |  | 2,845 |  |  | 2,789 |
Investment securities amortization and accretion, net |  | 2,428 |  |  | 2,350 |
Purchase accounting accretion, net |  | (1,484 | ) |  | (2,204 | )
Stock-based compensation expense |  | 1,405 |  |  | 1,135 |
Provision for credit losses |  | 840 |  |  | 2,797 |
Amortization of intangible assets |  | 544 |  |  | 1,417 |
Net (gain) loss on sale of premises and equipment |  | (34 | ) |  | 11 |
Net gain on sale of investment securities |  | (695 | ) |  | (827 | )
Net increase in other real estate owned valuation allowance and gain on disposition |  | — |  |  | (60 | )
Increase in other assets |  | (5,444 | ) |  | (93 | )
Increase in other liabilities |  | 16,170 |  |  | 1,325 |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | 53,547 |  |  | 42,391 |
Investing Activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from the sale and maturity of available-for-sale securities |  | 135,282 |  |  | 124,548 |
Purchase of available-for-sale securities |  | (148,842 | ) |  | (127,684 | )
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity securities |  | 750 |  |  | — |
Net increase in loans |  | (126,860 | ) |  | (153,629 | )
Purchase of bank-owned life insurance, net of death benefit proceeds |  | — |  |  | (7,000 | )
Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank stock |  | (9,391 | ) |  | (8,304 | )
Proceeds from sale of Federal Home Loan Bank stock |  | 16,943 |  |  | 6,947 |
Purchase of premises and equipment |  | (2,879 | ) |  | (2,378 | )
Proceeds from the sale of premises and equipment |  | 749 |  |  | 137 |
Proceeds from the liquidation of equity investment |  | 205 |  |  | — |
Recoveries of previously charged-off loans |  | 361 |  |  | 442 |
Proceeds from the sale of other real estate owned |  | — |  |  | 641 |
Net cash used by investing activities |  | (133,682 | ) |  | (166,280 | )
Financing Activities |  |  |  |  |
Net increase in deposits |  | 220,376 |  |  | 128,131 |
Net (repayments of) proceeds from borrowings less than 90 days |  | (132,098 | ) |  | 33,841 |
Repayments of Federal Home Loan Bank long-term advances |  | — |  |  | (20,000 | )
Repayments of wholesale repurchase agreements |  | — |  |  | (5,000 | )
Exercise of stock options and issuance of restricted stock, net of repurchase for tax withholdings |  | (290 | ) |  | (615 | )
Cash dividends paid on common stock |  | (12,482 | ) |  | (10,740 | )
Net cash provided by financing activities |  | 75,506 |  |  | 125,617 |
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |  | (4,629 | ) |  | 1,728 |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period |  | 102,971 |  |  | 87,707 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period |  | $ | 98,342 |  |  | $ | 89,435 |
Supplemental information |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest paid |  | $ | 21,434 |  |  | $ | 15,383 |
Unsettled purchases of investment securities |  | — |  |  | 13,954 |
Income taxes paid |  | 8,926 |  |  | 11,559 |
Transfer from loans to other real estate owned |  | 55 |  |  | — |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
7

NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in tables expressed in thousands, except per share data)
NOTE 1 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying unaudited consolidated interim financial statements were prepared in accordance with instructions for Form 10-Q and, therefore, do not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete presentation of financial statements. In the opinion of management, the consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals) necessary to present fairly the consolidated statements of condition of Camden National Corporation (the "Company") as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the consolidated statements of income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the consolidated statements of changes in shareholders' equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and Camden National Bank (the "Bank"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (which includes the consolidated accounts of Healthcare Professional Funding Corporation ("HPFC"), Property A, Inc. and Property P, Inc.). All significant intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation. Certain items from the prior period were reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. The income reported for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, is not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. The information in this report should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.
8

The acronyms, abbreviations and definitions identified below are used throughout this Form 10-Q, including Part I. "Financial Information" and Part II. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." The following is provided to aid the reader and provide a reference page when reviewing these sections of the Form 10-Q.

AFS: | Available-for-sale |  | HPFC: | Healthcare Professional Funding Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Camden National Bank
ALCO: | Asset/Liability Committee |  | HTM: | Held-to-maturity
ALL: | Allowance for loan losses |  | IRS: | Internal Revenue Service
AOCI: | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  | LIBOR: | London Interbank Offered Rate
ASC: | Accounting Standards Codification |  | LTIP: | Long-Term Performance Share Plan
ASU: | Accounting Standards Update |  | Management ALCO: | Management Asset/Liability Committee
Bank: | Camden National Bank, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Camden National Corporation |  | MBS: | Mortgage-backed security
BOLI: | Bank-owned life insurance |  | MSPP: | Management Stock Purchase Plan
Board ALCO: | Board of Directors' Asset/Liability Committee |  | N.M.: | Not meaningful
CCTA: | Camden Capital Trust A, an unconsolidated entity formed by Camden National Corporation |  | OCC: | Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
CDs: | Certificate of deposits |  | OCI: | Other comprehensive income (loss)
Company: | Camden National Corporation |  | OREO: | Other real estate owned
CMO: | Collateralized mortgage obligation |  | OTTI: | Other-than-temporary impairment
DCRP: | Defined Contribution Retirement Plan |  | SBM: | SBM Financial, Inc., the parent company of The Bank of Maine
EPS: | Earnings per share |  | SERP: | Supplemental executive retirement plans
FASB: | Financial Accounting Standards Board |  | Tax Act: | Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, enacted on December 22, 2017
FDIC: | Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation |  | TDR: | Troubled-debt restructured loan
FHLB: | Federal Home Loan Bank |  | UBCT: | Union Bankshares Capital Trust I, an unconsolidated entity formed by Union Bankshares Company that was subsequently acquired by Camden National Corporation
FHLBB: | Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston |  | U.S.: | United States of America
FRB: | Federal Reserve System Board of Governors |  | 2003 Plan: | 2003 Stock Option and Incentive Plan
FRBB: | Federal Reserve Bank of Boston |  | 2012 Plan: | 2012 Equity and Incentive Plan
GAAP: | Generally accepted accounting principles in the United States |  |  |

9

NOTE 2 – RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Accounting Standards Adopted
The Company has adopted the following new accounting standards in 2018, and such standards have been accounted for and presented within the accompanying consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 as follows:
ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) ("ASU 2014-09") and ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date ("ASU 2015-14"): In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09 followed by the issuance of ASU 2015-14 in August 2015, to defer the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year. ASU 2014-09 was issued to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue and to develop a common revenue standard. Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2014-09 using the modified-retrospective transition method. As part of its assessment, the Company concluded that the following material revenue streams were within the scope of ASU 2014-09: (i) service charges on deposit accounts; (ii) debit card interchange income; (iii) income from fiduciary services and (iv) investment program income. Through the Company's assessment, it was determined that there will be no cumulative-effect adjustment to beginning shareholders' equity under the modified-retrospective transition method within the consolidated financial statements as there was no change in revenue recognition upon adoption of ASU 2014-09.
The details of the revenue streams within the scope of ASU 2014-09 are as follows:

• | Service charges on deposit accounts: Deposit-related fees, include, but are not limited to, overdraft income, service charge income, and other fees generated by the depositor relationship with the Bank. For each depositor relationship, an agreement and related disclosures outline the terms of the contract between the depositor and the Bank, including the assessment of fees and fee structure for its various products. The contract is day-to-day and can be closed by the customer or the Bank at any time. As such, the Company recognizes revenue at the time of the transaction as the performance obligation has been met.

The Company presents its revenues earned on service charges on deposit accounts within (i) service charges on deposit accounts and (ii) other service charges and fees on the consolidated statements of income.

• | Debit card interchange income: The Bank has separate contracts with intermediaries and earns interchange revenue and incurs related expenses on debit card transactions of its deposit customers. Income earned and expenses incurred by the Bank are dependent on its depositors' debit card usage, including depositor spend, transaction type and merchant. The rates earned are determined by the intermediaries. The Company determined that although the contract for which revenues are directly earned is with the intermediary rather than the depositor, that an underlying contract with each depositor is required for the generation of debit card interchange income and it is the depositors' debit card usage that drives the revenues earned and related expenses incurred. The contract with the depositor is day-to-day and can be closed by the customer or the Bank at any time. As such, the Company recognizes revenue at the time of the transaction as the performance obligation has been met.

The Company's debit card interchange revenue and related expenses are presented on a gross basis in accordance with ASU 2014-09 as clarified by ASU No. 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations ("ASU 2016-08"), as it has control of the specified service prior to transfer to the depositor through the extension of credit.
The Bank pays to certain depositors cash rewards for debit card usage to promote usage and increase interchange revenue. Because the consideration paid to depositors is not for any separate or distinct service, upon adoption of ASU 2014-09, these costs are accounted for and presented as a reduction of debit card income for periods beginning on January 1, 2018. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, cash rewards paid to certain depositors totaled $113,000 and $319,000, respectively. Because the modified-retrospective transition method was used, the Company did not revise prior period presentation on its consolidated statements of income.
The Company presents its revenues earned on debit card income within debit card income and related expenses on debit card transactions within debit card expense on the consolidated statements of income.
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• | Fiduciary services income: The Company, through the Bank's wealth management and trust services department, doing business as Camden National Wealth Management, earns fees for its investment management and related services for its clients. Fees earned for its services are largely dependent on assets under management as of the last day of the month and do not contain performance clauses. Should the applicable services contract be terminated by either party, fees for services are earned up to the effective date of contract termination. As such, fiduciary services income is earned and recognized daily.

The Company presents its revenues earned on fiduciary services within income from fiduciary services on the consolidated statements of income.

• | Investment program income: Under an investment program offered by the Bank, doing business as Camden Financial Consultant (“Program”), its clients are provided access to brokerage, advisory and insurance products offered through an unaffiliated third party, LPL Financial LLC 1 ("LPL Financial"). Certain Bank employees are registered securities representatives and/or registered investment advisor representatives of LPL Financial who operate in such capacity under Camden Financial Consultants to provide clients with brokerage, investment advisory and insurance related services. The Bank receives a portion of the commissions and fees received by LPL Financial from the sale of investment products and investment advisory services in accordance with the terms of the contract between the two parties.

The revenues earned by the Bank are net of administrative expenses and the portion retained by LPL Financial. The Bank does not have control of the specified services provided to its clients by LPL Financial under the Program. Revenues earned from Program-related services are presented on the consolidated statements of income on a net basis in accordance with ASU 2014-09 as clarified by ASU 2016-08.
The Company presents its revenues earned from Program-related services within brokerage and insurance commissions on the consolidated statements of income.
ASU No. 2016-01, Income Statement - Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Liabilities ("ASU 2016-01"): In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01 to enhance the reporting model for financial instruments to provide the users of financial statements with more useful information for decisions. Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2016-01 and applied the provisions of the standard within its consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, which included:

• | The Company's equity investments are no longer designated and accounted for as AFS securities, with the change in fair value recognized within AOCI, net of tax. Instead, the change in fair value of equity investments with a readily determinable fair value are to be recognized within net income. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recognized an unrealized gain of $11,000 and an unrealized loss of $13,000, respectively, for the change in fair value of its equity investments within other income on the Company's consolidated statements of income. The recognition for the change in fair value within net income was applied prospectively, and the Company recorded a cumulative-effect adjustment as of January 1, 2018 for its equity investments to reclassify the unrealized gain of $198,000, net of tax, previously recognized within AOCI to retained earnings.

• | The Company used the "exit price" notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes only. The Company previously used the "entry price" notion for purposes of measuring its loans held for investment for disclosure purposes only. The change in valuation methodology has been applied prospectively as it does not have a material effect on the comparability of the disclosure.

• | The Company no longer discloses the method or significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value for its financial instruments measured at amortized cost on its consolidated statements of condition for which fair value is provided for disclosure purposes only.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

1 | Securities are offered through LPL Financial, Member FINRA/SIPC. Camden Financial Consultants and the Bank are not registered broker/dealers and are not affiliated with LPL Financial. The investment products sold through LPL Financial are not insured by Bank deposits and are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC"). These products are not obligations of the Bank and are not endorsed, recommended or guaranteed by the Bank or any government agency. The value of the investment may fluctuate, the return on the investment is not guaranteed, and loss of principal is possible.

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ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation-Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost ("ASU 2017-07"): In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07 to improve the presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement cost by companies to disaggregate the service cost component from the other components of net benefit cost, as well as to provide other guidance to improve consistency, transparency and usefulness. Prior to adoption, the Company presented all components of net periodic benefit costs within the salaries and employee benefits on the Company's consolidated statements of income. Upon adoption, the Company now presents the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost in the salaries and employee benefits line and all other components of net periodic cost within other expenses on its consolidated statements of income. The change in presentation has been applied retrospectively to prior periods represented on the Company's consolidated statements of income using the amounts previously disclosed within its prior year financial statements as a practical expedient.
ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments ("ASU 2016-15"): In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15 to address eight specific cash flow presentation matters within the statement of cash flows and reduce diversity of presentation across companies. Of the eight specific cash flow presentation matters addressed by the standard, it is noted that one matter addressed is of relevance to the Company based on its current and past operations: proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, including bank-owned life insurance policies. The standard states that cash proceeds received from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, including bank-owned life insurance policies, should be classified as cash inflows from investing activities within the consolidated statements of cash flows.
The Company adopted the standard for financial reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and it has been applied within the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows using a retrospective transition method.
ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash ("ASU 2016-18"): In November 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18 to reduce the diversity in practice for the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the statement of cash flows. The standard requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. As such, the statement of cash flows should consider the changes in amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents when reconciling beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
The Company adopted the standard for financial reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and it has been applied within the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows using a retrospective transition method.
ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities ("ASU 2017-08"): In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08 to shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities purchased and carried at a premium, by requiring the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date of the debt security. ASU 2017-08 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period.
ASU 2017-08 is not a change in practice for the Company. The Company’s historical accounting policy has been to amortize the premium on purchased callable debt securities using the interest method over the earlier of (i) period to maturity or (ii) the issuer call option date.
The Company adopted ASU 2017-08 in the third quarter of 2018, effective as of January 1, 2018, on a modified retrospective basis. As ASU 2017-08 did not constitute a change in accounting policy for the Company, it did not impact its overall financial statements upon adoption.
Accounting Standards Issued
The following are recently issued accounting pronouncements that have yet to be adopted by the Company:
ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) ("ASU 2016-02"): In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and liabilities (including operating leases) on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. Current lease accounting does not require the
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inclusion of operating leases in the balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early application is permitted.
ASU 2016-02, and subsequently issued ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements ("ASU 2018-11"), provides companies with various practical expedients to offer transitional relief. At this time, the Company anticipates it will adopt the standard using the following transitional practical expedients:

• | An entity need not reassess whether any expired or existing contract are or contain leases. As such, the Company will not reassess expired or existing contracts to assess whether or not these contracts are or contain a lease within the scope of ASU 2016-02.

• | An entity need not reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases. As such, all existing leases that were classified as operating leases in according with Topic 840, Leases (“Topic 840”), will be classified as operating leases, and all existing leases that were classified as capital leases in accordance with Topic 840 will be classified as finance leases.

• | An entity need not reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases. Accordingly, the Company does not expect to reassess direct costs for any of its existing leases.

• | An entity may elect to apply hindsight to leases that existed during the period from the beginning of the earliest period presented in the financial statements until the effective date. As such, the Company will apply hindsight to determine the lease term (i.e., the entity should consider the outcome of lessee options to extend or terminate the lease and decisions to purchase the underlying asset) as well as to assess the impairment of right-of-use assets.

• | ASU 2018-11 provided another transition method in addition to the modified retrospective method provided for within ASU 2016-02. ASU 2018-11 allows companies initially to apply the new leases standards at the date of adoption and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. Accordingly, the Company will utilize the optional transition method provided for within ASU 2018-11, and will continue to apply the disclosure requirements under Topic 840, for the comparative periods that are presented.

Upon adoption, ASU 2016-02 will increase the Company's total assets and liabilities on its consolidated statements of condition. The Company continues to finalize its assessment and implementation process for ASU 2016-02; however, at this time, the Company does not anticipate the ASU will have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.
ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities ("ASU 2017-12"): In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12 to make certain specific improvements to hedge accounting to better align hedge accounting with risk management activities, eliminate the separate measurement and recording of hedge ineffectiveness, improve presentation and disclosure, and make other simplifications. ASU 2017-12 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. All transition requirements and elections are to be applied to existing hedging relationships upon adoption. While the Company continues to assess the impact of ASU 2017-12, it does not believe it will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements upon adoption.
ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("ASU 2016-13"): In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 to require timelier recording of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments held by financial institutions and other organizations. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, for public companies. Early adoption is permitted for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. The Company will adopt the guidance under a modified-retrospective approach, whereby a cumulative-effect adjustment will be made to retained earnings upon adoption. The Company will use a prospective transition approach for debt securities for which an OTTI had been recognized before the effective date, as applicable.
While the Company continues to prepare for the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020, it recognizes the changes to its consolidated financial statements upon adoption are imminent as the ASU requires:

• | A change in the Company's assessment of its ALL and allowance on unused commitments as it will transition from an incurred loss model to an expected loss model, which may result in an increase in the ALL upon adoption and may negatively impact the Company and Bank's regulatory capital ratios.

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• | May reduce the carrying value of the Company's HTM investment securities as it will require an allowance on the expected losses over the life of these securities to be recorded upon adoption.

• | Changes to the considerations when assessing AFS debt securities for OTTI, including (i) no longer considering the amount of time a security has been in an unrealized loss position and (ii) no longer considering the historical and implied volatility of a security and recoveries or declines in the fair value after the balance sheet date, as well as the presentation of OTTI as an allowance rather than a permanent write-down of the debt security.

• | Changes to the disclosure requirements to reflect the transition from an incurred loss methodology to an expected credit loss methodology, as well as certain disclosures of credit quality indicators in relation to the amortized cost of financing receivables disaggregated by year of origination (or vintage).

The Company continues to assess the overall impact to its financial statements, and, at this time, it does not have an estimated impact to its financial statements.
ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment ("ASU 2017-04"): In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04 to reduce the cost and complexity of the goodwill impairment test. To simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill, step two of the goodwill impairment test was eliminated. Instead, in accordance with ASU 2017-04, a Company will recognize an impairment of goodwill should the carrying value of a reporting unit exceed its fair value (i.e., step one). ASU 2017-04 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2020 and will be applied prospectively. The Company does not expect the ASU to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements upon adoption.
NOTE 3 – EPS
The following is an analysis of basic and diluted EPS, reflecting the application of the two-class method, as described below:

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Net income |  | $ | 14,057 |  |  | $ | 11,339 |  |  | $ | 39,094 |  |  | $ | 31,649 |
Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities(1) |  | (39 | ) |  | (46 | ) |  | (110 | ) |  | (134 | )
Net income available to common shareholders |  | $ | 14,018 |  |  | $ | 11,293 |  |  | $ | 38,984 |  |  | $ | 31,515 |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding for basic EPS |  | 15,580,782 |  |  | 15,515,189 |  |  | 15,565,355 |  |  | 15,505,698 |
Dilutive effect of stock-based awards(2) |  | 58,204 |  |  | 73,819 |  |  | 56,045 |  |  | 74,374 |
Weighted-average common and potential common shares for diluted EPS |  | 15,638,986 |  |  | 15,589,008 |  |  | 15,621,400 |  |  | 15,580,072 |
Earnings per common share(1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic EPS |  | $ | 0.90 |  |  | $ | 0.72 |  |  | $ | 2.50 |  |  | $ | 2.03 |
Diluted EPS |  | $ | 0.90 |  |  | $ | 0.72 |  |  | $ | 2.50 |  |  | $ | 2.02 |

(1) Represents dividends paid and undistributed earnings allocated to nonvested stock-based awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends.
(2) Represents the effect of the assumed exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted shares and restricted stock units utilizing the treasury stock method. Not included are the unvested LTIP awards, which are the Company's performance-based awards.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, there were no anti-dilutive stock based awards that have been excluded from the computation of potential common shares for purposes of calculating diluted EPS as the average market price of the Company's common stock is greater than the exercise prices.
Nonvested stock-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends are participating securities and are included in the computation of EPS pursuant to the two-class method. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that determines EPS for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared (or
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accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Certain of the Company’s nonvested stock-based awards qualify as participating securities.
Net income is allocated between the common stock and participating securities pursuant to the two-class method. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, excluding participating nonvested stock-based awards. Diluted EPS is computed in a similar manner, except that the denominator includes the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if potentially dilutive common shares were issued using the treasury stock method.
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NOTE 4 – INVESTMENTS
AFS and HTM Investments
The following table summarizes the amortized cost and estimated fair values of AFS and HTM securities, as of the dates indicated:

| Amortized Cost |  | Unrealized Gains |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AFS Investments (carried at fair value): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | $ | 4,778 |  |  | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | (4 | ) |  | $ | 4,818 |
Mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises | 479,836 |  |  | 350 |  |  | (19,888 | ) |  | 460,298 |
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises | 320,543 |  |  | — |  |  | (13,932 | ) |  | 306,611 |
Subordinated corporate bonds | 8,589 |  |  | 65 |  |  | (38 | ) |  | 8,616 |
Total AFS investments | $ | 813,746 |  |  | $ | 459 |  |  | $ | (33,862 | ) |  | $ | 780,343 |
HTM Investments (carried at amortized cost): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | $ | 92,933 |  |  | $ | 58 |  |  | $ | (2,441 | ) |  | $ | 90,550 |
Total HTM investments | $ | 92,933 |  |  | $ | 58 |  |  | $ | (2,441 | ) |  | $ | 90,550 |
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AFS Investments (carried at fair value): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | $ | 7,232 |  |  | $ | 103 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7,335 |
Mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises | 510,176 |  |  | 597 |  |  | (7,471 | ) |  | 503,302 |
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises | 279,575 |  |  | 14 |  |  | (6,790 | ) |  | 272,799 |
Subordinated corporate bonds | 5,484 |  |  | 173 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,657 |
Equity investments(1) | 554 |  |  | 252 |  |  | — |  |  | 806 |
Total AFS investments | $ | 803,021 |  |  | $ | 1,139 |  |  | $ | (14,261 | ) |  | $ | 789,899 |
HTM Investments (carried at amortized cost): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | $ | 94,073 |  |  | $ | 1,077 |  |  | $ | (237 | ) |  | $ | 94,913 |
Total HTM investments | $ | 94,073 |  |  | $ | 1,077 |  |  | $ | (237 | ) |  | $ | 94,913 |

(1) | As of December 31, 2017, equity investments were classified as AFS investments. Effective January 1, 2018, these investments were reclassified to other investments on the consolidated statements of condition as they are no longer eligible to be classified as AFS upon adoption of ASU 2016-01. Refer to Note 2 for further details.

Net unrealized losses on AFS investments at September 30, 2018 included in AOCI amounted to $26.2 million, net of a deferred tax benefit of $7.2 million. Net unrealized losses on AFS investments at December 31, 2017 included in AOCI amounted to $10.3 million, net of a deferred tax benefit of $2.8 million.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company purchased debt investments of $148.8 million and $141.6 million, respectively, all of which were designated as AFS investments.
Impaired AFS and HTM Investments:
Management periodically reviews the Company’s AFS and HTM investments to determine the cause, magnitude and duration of declines in the fair value of each security. Thorough evaluations of the causes of the unrealized losses are performed to determine whether the impairment is temporary or other-than-temporary in nature. Considerations such as the ability of the securities to meet cash flow requirements, levels of credit enhancements, risk of curtailment, and recoverability of invested amount over a reasonable period of time, and the length of time the security is in a loss position, for example, are applied in
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determining OTTI. Once a decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary, the cost basis of the security is permanently reduced and a corresponding charge to earnings is recognized.
The following table presents the estimated fair values and gross unrealized losses on AFS and HTM investments that were in a continuous loss position at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, by length of time that an individual security in each category has been in a continuous loss position:

| Less Than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or More |  | Total
| Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Unrealized Losses
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AFS Investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | $ | 1,516 |  |  | $ | (4 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,516 |  |  | $ | (4 | )
Mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises | 120,098 |  |  | (2,544 | ) |  | 328,180 |  |  | (17,344 | ) |  | 448,278 |  |  | (19,888 | )
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises | 123,951 |  |  | (2,220 | ) |  | 181,524 |  |  | (11,712 | ) |  | 305,475 |  |  | (13,932 | )
Subordinated corporate bonds | 5,051 |  |  | (38 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,051 |  |  | (38 | )
Total AFS investments | $ | 250,616 |  |  | $ | (4,806 | ) |  | $ | 509,704 |  |  | $ | (29,056 | ) |  | $ | 760,320 |  |  | $ | (33,862 | )
HTM Investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | $ | 67,328 |  |  | $ | (1,755 | ) |  | $ | 12,546 |  |  | $ | (686 | ) |  | $ | 79,874 |  |  | $ | (2,441 | )
Total HTM investments | $ | 67,328 |  |  | $ | (1,755 | ) |  | $ | 12,546 |  |  | $ | (686 | ) |  | $ | 79,874 |  |  | $ | (2,441 | )
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AFS Investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises | $ | 221,466 |  |  | $ | (2,393 | ) |  | $ | 233,971 |  |  | $ | (5,078 | ) |  | $ | 455,437 |  |  | $ | (7,471 | )
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises | 102,612 |  |  | (696 | ) |  | 164,389 |  |  | (6,094 | ) |  | 267,001 |  |  | (6,790 | )
Total AFS investments | $ | 324,078 |  |  | $ | (3,089 | ) |  | $ | 398,360 |  |  | $ | (11,172 | ) |  | $ | 722,438 |  |  | $ | (14,261 | )
HTM Investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | $ | 9,317 |  |  | $ | (57 | ) |  | $ | 9,436 |  |  | $ | (180 | ) |  | $ | 18,753 |  |  | $ | (237 | )
Total HTM investments | $ | 9,317 |  |  | $ | (57 | ) |  | $ | 9,436 |  |  | $ | (180 | ) |  | $ | 18,753 |  |  | $ | (237 | )

At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company held 354 and 209 debt investments classified as AFS and HTM with a fair value of $840.2 million and $741.2 million that were in an unrealized loss position totaling $36.3 million and $14.5 million, respectively, that were considered temporary. Of these, MBS and CMOs with a fair value of $509.7 million and $398.4 million were in an unrealized loss position, and have been in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or more, totaling $29.1 million and $11.2 million at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The unrealized loss was reflective of current interest rates in excess of the yield received on debt investments and is not indicative of an overall change in credit quality or other factors with the Company's AFS and HTM investment portfolio. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, gross unrealized losses on the Company's AFS and HTM investments were 4.3% and 2.0%, respectively, of its respective fair value.
The Company has the intent and ability to retain its debt investments in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2018 until the decline in value has recovered.
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Sale of AFS Investments:
The following table details the Company's sales of AFS investments for the period indicated below:

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Proceeds from sales of investments |  | $ | 22,830 |  |  | $ | 20,269 |  |  | $ | 32,728 |  |  | $ | 20,269 |
Gross realized gains |  | — |  |  | 841 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 841 |
Gross realized losses |  | (275 | ) |  | (14 | ) |  | (275 | ) |  | (14 | )

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company sold certain AFS investments with a total carrying value of $23.1 million and $33.0 million and recorded net losses on the sale of these AFS securities of $275,000 and $244,000, respectively, within non-interest income in the consolidated statements of income. The Company had not previously recorded any OTTI on these securities sold.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 the Company sold certain AFS investments with a total carrying value of $19.4 million and recorded net gains on the sale of AFS securities of $827,000 within non-interest income in the consolidated statements of income. The Company had not previously recorded an OTTI on these securities sold.
AFS and HTM Investments Pledged:
At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, AFS and HTM investments with an amortized cost of $696.6 million and $702.5 million and estimated fair values of $666.2 million and $691.2 million, respectively, were pledged to secure FHLBB advances, public deposits, and securities sold under agreements to repurchase and for other purposes required or permitted by law.
Contractual Maturities:
The amortized cost and estimated fair values of the Company's AFS and HTM investments by contractual maturity at September 30, 2018, are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

| Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value
AFS Investments |  |  |
Due in one year or less | $ | 7,933 |  |  | $ | 7,907 |
Due after one year through five years | 94,474 |  |  | 91,482 |
Due after five years through ten years | 193,165 |  |  | 184,931 |
Due after ten years | 518,174 |  |  | 496,023 |
| $ | 813,746 |  |  | $ | 780,343 |
HTM Investments |  |  |
Due in one year or less | $ | 4,610 |  |  | $ | 4,609 |
Due after one year through five years | 1,529 |  |  | 1,538 |
Due after five years through ten years | 19,960 |  |  | 19,670 |
Due after ten years | 66,834 |  |  | 64,733 |
| $ | 92,933 |  |  | $ | 90,550 |

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Other Investments
The following table summarizes the cost and estimated fair values of the Company's investment in equity securities, FHLBB stock and FRBB stock as presented within other investments on the consolidated statements of condition, as of the dates indicated:

| Cost |  | Unrealized Gains |  | Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value / Carrying Value
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity securities - bank stock (carried at fair value)(1) | $ | 544 |  |  | $ | 239 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 783 |
FHLBB (carried at cost) | 10,744 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,744 |
FRB (carried at cost) | 5,374 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,374 |
Total other investments | $ | 16,662 |  |  | $ | 239 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,901 |
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
FHLBB (carried at cost) | $ | 18,296 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 18,296 |
FRB (carried at cost) | 5,374 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,374 |
Total other investments | $ | 23,670 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 23,670 |

(1) | Effective January 1, 2018, these investments were reclassified to other investments on the consolidated statements of condition as they are no longer eligible for AFS classification upon adoption of ASU 2016-01. Refer to Note 2 for further details.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recognized an unrealized gain (loss) of $11,000 and $(13,000), respectively, due to the change in fair value of its bank stock equity securities, which were presented within other income on the consolidated statements of income. In addition, the Company's investment in a reinsurance program liquidated during the three months ended March 31, 2018, and a gain of $195,000 was recognized within other income on the Company's consolidated statements of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company sold its shares of Visa Inc. Class B common stock, with a carrying value of $441,000 that was presented within other assets on the consolidated statements of condition. The sale resulted in a gain of $939,000 that has been presented within net gain on sale of securities on the consolidated statements of income.
The Bank is a member of the FHLBB and FRBB, and as a member, the Bank is required to hold a certain amount of FHLBB and FRB common stock. This stock is a non-marketable equity security and is reported at cost. The Company evaluates its FHLBB and FRB common stock for impairment based on the ultimate recoverability of the par value rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value. For the three or nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company did not record any OTTI on its FHLBB and FRB stock.
NOTE 5 – LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
The composition of the Company’s loan portfolio, excluding residential loans held for sale, at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was as follows:

| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Residential real estate | $ | 941,488 |  |  | $ | 858,369 |
Commercial real estate | 1,215,979 |  |  | 1,164,023 |
Commercial | 368,837 |  |  | 373,400 |
Home equity | 325,452 |  |  | 323,378 |
Consumer | 20,258 |  |  | 18,149 |
HPFC | 36,829 |  |  | 45,120 |
Total loans | $ | 2,908,843 |  |  | $ | 2,782,439 |

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The loan balances for each portfolio segment presented above are net of their respective unamortized fair value mark discount on acquired loans and net of unamortized loan origination costs totaling:

| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Net unamortized fair value mark discount on acquired loans | $ | 4,757 |  |  | $ | 6,207 |
Net unamortized loan origination costs | (1,411 | ) |  | (963 | )
Total | $ | 3,346 |  |  | $ | 5,244 |

The Bank’s lending activities are primarily conducted in Maine, but also include loan production offices in Massachusetts and New Hampshire. The Company originates single family and multi-family residential loans, commercial real estate loans, business loans, municipal loans and a variety of consumer loans. In addition, the Company makes loans for the construction of residential homes, multi-family properties and commercial real estate properties. The ability and willingness of borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is generally dependent on the level of overall economic activity within the geographic area and the general economy.
The HPFC loan portfolio consists of niche commercial lending to the small business medical field, including dentists, optometrists and veterinarians across the U.S. The ability and willingness of borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is generally dependent on the success of the borrower's business. In 2016, the Company closed HPFC's operations and is no longer originating HPFC loans.
The ALL is management’s best estimate of the inherent risk of loss in the Company’s loan portfolio as of the consolidated statement of condition date. Management makes various assumptions and judgments about the collectability of the loan portfolio and provides an allowance for potential losses based on a number of factors including historical losses. If those assumptions are incorrect, the ALL may not be sufficient to cover losses and may cause an increase in the allowance in the future. Among the factors that could affect the Company’s ability to collect loans and require an increase to the allowance in the future are: (i) financial condition of borrowers; (ii) real estate market changes; (iii) state, regional, and national economic conditions; and (iv) a requirement by federal and state regulators to increase the provision for loan losses or recognize additional charge-offs.
There were no significant changes in the Company's ALL methodology during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
The Board of Directors monitors credit risk through the Directors' Loan Review Committee, which reviews large credit exposures, monitors the external loan review reports, reviews the lending authority for individual loan officers when required, and has approval authority and responsibility for all matters regarding the loan policy and other credit-related policies, including reviewing and monitoring asset quality trends, concentration levels, and the ALL methodology. Credit Risk Administration and the Credit Risk Policy Committee oversee the Company's systems and procedures to monitor the credit quality of its loan portfolio, conduct a loan review program, maintain the integrity of the loan rating system, determine the adequacy of the ALL and support the oversight efforts of the Directors' Loan Review Committee and the Board of Directors. The Company's practice is to proactively manage the portfolio such that management can identify problem credits early, assess and implement effective work-out strategies, and take charge-offs as promptly as practical. In addition, the Company continuously reassesses its underwriting standards in response to credit risk posed by changes in economic conditions.
For purposes of determining the ALL, the Company disaggregates its loans into portfolio segments, which include residential real estate, commercial real estate, commercial, home equity, consumer and HPFC. Each portfolio segment possesses unique risk characteristics that are considered when determining the appropriate level of allowance. These risk characteristics unique to each portfolio segment include:
Residential Real Estate. Residential real estate loans held in the Company's loan portfolio are made to borrowers who demonstrate the ability to make scheduled payments with full consideration to underwriting factors. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income requirements and combined loan-to-value ratios within established policy guidelines. Collateral consists of mortgage liens on one- to four-family residential properties.
Commercial Real Estate. Commercial real estate loans consist of mortgage loans to finance investments in real property such as multi-family residential, commercial/retail, office, industrial, hotels, educational, health care facilities and other specific use properties. Commercial real estate loans are typically written with amortizing payment structures. Collateral values are determined based upon appraisals and evaluations in accordance with established policy guidelines. Loan-to-value ratios at
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origination are governed by established policy and regulatory guidelines. Commercial real estate loans are primarily paid by the cash flow generated from the real property, such as operating leases, rents, or other operating cash flows from the borrower.
Commercial. Commercial loans consist of revolving and term loan obligations extended to business and corporate enterprises for the purpose of financing working capital and/or capital investment. Collateral generally consists of pledges of business assets including, but not limited to, accounts receivable, inventory, plant and equipment, or real estate, if applicable. Commercial loans are primarily paid by the operating cash flow of the borrower. Commercial loans may be secured or unsecured.
Home Equity. Home equity loans and lines are made to qualified individuals for legitimate purposes secured by senior or junior mortgage liens on owner-occupied one- to four-family homes, condominiums, or vacation homes. The home equity loan has a fixed rate and is billed as equal payments comprised of principal and interest. The home equity line of credit has a variable rate and is billed as interest-only payments during the draw period. At the end of the draw period, the home equity line of credit is billed as a percentage of the principal balance plus all accrued interest. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income requirements and combined loan-to-value ratios within established policy guidelines.
Consumer. Consumer loan products including personal lines of credit and amortizing loans made to qualified individuals for various purposes such as education, auto loans, debt consolidation, personal expenses or overdraft protection. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income and collateral requirements within established policy guidelines. Consumer loans may be secured or unsecured.
HPFC. Prior to the Company's closing of HPFC's operations in 2016, it provided commercial lending to dentists, optometrists and veterinarians, many of which were start-up companies. HPFC's loan portfolio consists of term loan obligations extended for the purpose of financing working capital and/or purchase of equipment. Collateral consists of pledges of business assets including, but not limited to, accounts receivable, inventory, and/or equipment. These loans are primarily paid by the operating cash flow of the borrower and the original terms range from seven to ten years.
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The following presents the activity in the ALL and select loan information by portfolio segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, and for the year ended December 31, 2017:

|  | Residential Real Estate |  | Commercial Real Estate |  | Commercial |  | Home Equity |  | Consumer |  | HPFC |  | Total
For The Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
ALL for the three months ended: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | $ | 5,779 |  |  | $ | 10,310 |  |  | $ | 4,303 |  |  | $ | 2,616 |  |  | $ | 260 |  |  | $ | 400 |  |  | $ | 23,668 |
Loans charged off |  | (115 | ) |  | — |  |  | (150 | ) |  | (157 | ) |  | (28 | ) |  | (209 | ) |  | (659 | )
Recoveries |  | 37 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 117 |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 162 |
Provision (credit)(1) |  | 59 |  |  | 268 |  |  | (302 | ) |  | 116 |  |  | 38 |  |  | 176 |  |  | 355 |
Ending balance |  | $ | 5,760 |  |  | $ | 10,582 |  |  | $ | 3,968 |  |  | $ | 2,575 |  |  | $ | 273 |  |  | $ | 368 |  |  | $ | 23,526 |
ALL for the nine months ended: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | $ | 5,086 |  |  | $ | 11,863 |  |  | $ | 4,171 |  |  | $ | 2,367 |  |  | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | 451 |  |  | $ | 24,171 |
Loans charged off |  | (231 | ) |  | (512 | ) |  | (448 | ) |  | (381 | ) |  | (70 | ) |  | (209 | ) |  | (1,851 | )
Recoveries |  | 52 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 237 |  |  | 44 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 361 |
Provision (credit)(1) |  | 853 |  |  | (788 | ) |  | 8 |  |  | 545 |  |  | 102 |  |  | 125 |  |  | 845 |
Ending balance |  | $ | 5,760 |  |  | $ | 10,582 |  |  | $ | 3,968 |  |  | $ | 2,575 |  |  | $ | 273 |  |  | $ | 368 |  |  | $ | 23,526 |
ALL balance attributable to loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 619 |  |  | $ | 23 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 114 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 756 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | 5,141 |  |  | 10,559 |  |  | 3,968 |  |  | 2,461 |  |  | 273 |  |  | 368 |  |  | 22,770 |
Total ending ALL |  | $ | 5,760 |  |  | $ | 10,582 |  |  | $ | 3,968 |  |  | $ | 2,575 |  |  | $ | 273 |  |  | $ | 368 |  |  | $ | 23,526 |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 5,184 |  |  | $ | 5,007 |  |  | $ | 1,548 |  |  | $ | 373 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 12,112 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | 936,304 |  |  | 1,210,972 |  |  | 367,289 |  |  | 325,079 |  |  | 20,258 |  |  | 36,829 |  |  | 2,896,731 |
Total ending loans balance |  | $ | 941,488 |  |  | $ | 1,215,979 |  |  | $ | 368,837 |  |  | $ | 325,452 |  |  | $ | 20,258 |  |  | $ | 36,829 |  |  | $ | 2,908,843 |
For The Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
ALL for the three months ended: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | $ | 4,481 |  |  | $ | 12,848 |  |  | $ | 4,275 |  |  | $ | 2,094 |  |  | $ | 182 |  |  | $ | 514 |  |  | $ | 24,394 |
Loans charged off |  | (238 | ) |  | (69 | ) |  | (369 | ) |  | (11 | ) |  | (28 | ) |  | (193 | ) |  | (908 | )
Recoveries |  | 26 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 59 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 125 |
Provision (credit)(1) |  | 273 |  |  | (8 | ) |  | 256 |  |  | 93 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 156 |  |  | 802 |
Ending balance |  | $ | 4,542 |  |  | $ | 12,796 |  |  | $ | 4,221 |  |  | $ | 2,177 |  |  | $ | 195 |  |  | $ | 482 |  |  | $ | 24,413 |
ALL for the nine months ended: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | $ | 4,160 |  |  | $ | 12,154 |  |  | $ | 3,755 |  |  | $ | 2,194 |  |  | $ | 181 |  |  | $ | 672 |  |  | $ | 23,116 |
Loans charged off |  | (433 | ) |  | (81 | ) |  | (650 | ) |  | (403 | ) |  | (90 | ) |  | (274 | ) |  | (1,931 | )
Recoveries |  | 30 |  |  | 138 |  |  | 254 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 442 |
Provision(1) |  | 785 |  |  | 585 |  |  | 862 |  |  | 384 |  |  | 91 |  |  | 79 |  |  | 2,786 |
Ending balance |  | $ | 4,542 |  |  | $ | 12,796 |  |  | $ | 4,221 |  |  | $ | 2,177 |  |  | $ | 195 |  |  | $ | 482 |  |  | $ | 24,413 |
ALL balance attributable to loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 464 |  |  | $ | 1,470 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,934 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | 4,078 |  |  | 11,326 |  |  | 4,221 |  |  | 2,177 |  |  | 195 |  |  | 482 |  |  | 22,479 |
Total ending ALL |  | $ | 4,542 |  |  | $ | 12,796 |  |  | $ | 4,221 |  |  | $ | 2,177 |  |  | $ | 195 |  |  | $ | 482 |  |  | $ | 24,413 |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 4,792 |  |  | $ | 6,373 |  |  | $ | 1,842 |  |  | $ | 423 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 13,430 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | 848,059 |  |  | 1,125,510 |  |  | 367,313 |  |  | 327,905 |  |  | 18,123 |  |  | 47,950 |  |  | 2,734,860 |
Total ending loans balance |  | $ | 852,851 |  |  | $ | 1,131,883 |  |  | $ | 369,155 |  |  | $ | 328,328 |  |  | $ | 18,123 |  |  | $ | 47,950 |  |  | $ | 2,748,290 |

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|  | Residential Real Estate |  | Commercial Real Estate |  | Commercial |  | Home Equity |  | Consumer |  | HPFC |  | Total
For The Year Ended December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
ALL: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | $ | 4,160 |  |  | $ | 12,154 |  |  | $ | 3,755 |  |  | $ | 2,194 |  |  | $ | 181 |  |  | $ | 672 |  |  | $ | 23,116 |
Loans charged off |  | (482 | ) |  | (124 | ) |  | (1,014 | ) |  | (434 | ) |  | (124 | ) |  | (290 | ) |  | (2,468 | )
Recoveries |  | 30 |  |  | 141 |  |  | 301 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 497 |
Provision (credit)(1) |  | 1,378 |  |  | (308 | ) |  | 1,129 |  |  | 605 |  |  | 159 |  |  | 63 |  |  | 3,026 |
Ending balance |  | $ | 5,086 |  |  | $ | 11,863 |  |  | $ | 4,171 |  |  | $ | 2,367 |  |  | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | 451 |  |  | $ | 24,171 |
ALL balance attributable to loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 568 |  |  | $ | 1,441 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,009 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | 4,518 |  |  | 10,422 |  |  | 4,171 |  |  | 2,367 |  |  | 233 |  |  | 451 |  |  | 22,162 |
Total ending ALL |  | $ | 5,086 |  |  | $ | 11,863 |  |  | $ | 4,171 |  |  | $ | 2,367 |  |  | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | 451 |  |  | $ | 24,171 |
Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment |  | $ | 5,171 |  |  | $ | 6,199 |  |  | $ | 1,791 |  |  | $ | 429 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 13,590 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment |  | 853,198 |  |  | 1,157,824 |  |  | 371,609 |  |  | 322,949 |  |  | 18,149 |  |  | 45,120 |  |  | 2,768,849 |
Total ending loans balance |  | $ | 858,369 |  |  | $ | 1,164,023 |  |  | $ | 373,400 |  |  | $ | 323,378 |  |  | $ | 18,149 |  |  | $ | 45,120 |  |  | $ | 2,782,439 |

(1) | The provision for loan losses excludes any impact for the change in the reserve for unfunded commitments, which represents management's estimate of the amount required to reflect the probable inherent losses on outstanding letters of credit and unused lines of credit. The reserve for unfunded commitments is presented within accrued interest and other liabilities on the consolidated statements of condition. At September 30, 2018 and 2017, and December 31, 2017, the reserve for unfunded commitments was $15,000, $22,000 and $20,000, respectively.

The following reconciles the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, and year ended December 31, 2017 provision for loan losses to the provision for credit losses as presented on the consolidated statement of income:

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Year Ended December 31, 2017
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Provision for loan losses |  | $ | 355 |  |  | $ | 802 |  |  | $ | 845 |  |  | $ | 2,786 |  |  | $ | 3,026 |
Change in reserve for unfunded commitments |  | (1 | ) |  | 15 |  |  | (5 | ) |  | 11 |  |  | 9 |
Provision for credit losses |  | $ | 354 |  |  | $ | 817 |  |  | $ | 840 |  |  | $ | 2,797 |  |  | $ | 3,035 |

The Company focuses on maintaining a well-balanced and diversified loan portfolio. Despite such efforts, it is recognized that credit concentrations may occasionally emerge as a result of economic conditions, changes in local demand, natural loan growth and runoff. To ensure that credit concentrations can be effectively identified, all commercial and commercial real estate loans are assigned Standard Industrial Classification codes, North American Industry Classification System codes, and state and county codes. Shifts in portfolio concentrations are monitored by the Company's Credit Risk Administration. As of September 30, 2018, the Company's total exposure to the lessors of nonresidential buildings' industry was 11% of total loans and 25% of total commercial real estate loans. There were no other industry exposures exceeding 10% of the Company's total loan portfolio as of September 30, 2018.
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To further identify loans with similar risk profiles, the Company categorizes each portfolio segment into classes by credit risk characteristic and applies a credit quality indicator to each portfolio segment. The indicators for commercial, commercial real estate, residential real estate, and HPFC loans are represented by Grades 1 through 10 as outlined below. In general, risk ratings are adjusted periodically throughout the year as updated analysis and review warrants. This process may include, but is not limited to, annual credit and loan reviews, periodic reviews of loan performance metrics, such as delinquency rates, and quarterly reviews of adversely risk rated loans. The Company uses the following definitions when assessing grades for the purpose of evaluating the risk and adequacy of the ALL:

• | Grade 1 through 6 — Grades 1 through 6 represent groups of loans that are not subject to adverse criticism as defined in regulatory guidance. Loans in these groups exhibit characteristics that represent low to moderate risks, which is measured using a variety of credit risk criteria, such as cash flow coverage, debt service coverage, balance sheet leverage, liquidity, management experience, industry position, prevailing economic conditions, support from secondary sources of repayment and other credit factors that may be relevant to a specific loan. In general, these loans are supported by properly margined collateral and guarantees of principal parties.

• | Grade 7 — Loans with potential weakness (Special Mention). Loans in this category are currently protected based on collateral and repayment capacity and do not constitute undesirable credit risk, but have potential weakness that may result in deterioration of the repayment process at some future date. This classification is used if a negative trend is evident in the obligor’s financial situation. Special mention loans do not sufficiently expose the Company to warrant adverse classification.

• | Grade 8 — Loans with definite weakness (Substandard). Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by collateral pledged. Borrowers experience difficulty in meeting debt repayment requirements. Deterioration is sufficient to cause the Company to look to the sale of collateral.

• | Grade 9 — Loans with potential loss (Doubtful). Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in the substandard grade with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation of the loan in full highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of some loss is extremely high, but because of specific pending factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the asset, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined.

• | Grade 10 — Loans with definite loss (Loss). Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible. The loss classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the asset because recovery and collection time may be protracted.

Asset quality indicators are periodically reassessed to appropriately reflect the risk composition of the Company’s loan portfolio. Home equity and consumer loans are not individually risk rated, but rather analyzed as groups taking into account delinquency rates and other economic conditions which may affect the ability of borrowers to meet debt service requirements, including interest rates and energy costs. Performing loans include loans that are current and loans that are past due less than 90 days. Loans that are past due over 90 days and non-accrual loans, including TDRs, are considered non-performing.
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The following summarizes credit risk exposure indicators by portfolio segment as of the following dates:

|  | Residential Real Estate |  | Commercial Real Estate |  | Commercial |  | Home Equity |  | Consumer |  | HPFC |  | Total
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass (Grades 1-6) |  | $ | 930,134 |  |  | $ | 1,185,948 |  |  | $ | 360,959 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 35,325 |  |  | $ | 2,512,366 |
Performing |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 323,840 |  |  | 20,211 |  |  | — |  |  | 344,051 |
Special Mention (Grade 7) |  | 897 |  |  | 13,099 |  |  | 2,802 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 139 |  |  | 16,937 |
Substandard (Grade 8) |  | 10,457 |  |  | 16,932 |  |  | 5,076 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,365 |  |  | 33,830 |
Non-performing |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,612 |  |  | 47 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,659 |
Total |  | $ | 941,488 |  |  | $ | 1,215,979 |  |  | $ | 368,837 |  |  | $ | 325,452 |  |  | $ | 20,258 |  |  | $ | 36,829 |  |  | $ | 2,908,843 |
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass (Grades 1-6) |  | $ | 846,394 |  |  | $ | 1,130,235 |  |  | $ | 354,904 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 43,049 |  |  | $ | 2,374,582 |
Performing |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 321,727 |  |  | 18,149 |  |  | — |  |  | 339,876 |
Special Mention (Grade 7) |  | 922 |  |  | 9,154 |  |  | 12,517 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 191 |  |  | 22,784 |
Substandard (Grade 8) |  | 11,053 |  |  | 24,634 |  |  | 5,979 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,880 |  |  | 43,546 |
Non-performing |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,651 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,651 |
Total |  | $ | 858,369 |  |  | $ | 1,164,023 |  |  | $ | 373,400 |  |  | $ | 323,378 |  |  | $ | 18,149 |  |  | $ | 45,120 |  |  | $ | 2,782,439 |

The Company closely monitors the performance of its loan portfolio. A loan is placed on non-accrual status when the financial condition of the borrower is deteriorating, payment in full of both principal and interest is not expected as scheduled or principal or interest has been in default for 90 days or more. Exceptions may be made if the asset is well-secured by collateral sufficient to satisfy both the principal and accrued interest in full and collection is reasonably assured. When one loan to a borrower is placed on non-accrual status, all other loans to the borrower are re-evaluated to determine if they should also be placed on non-accrual status. All previously accrued and unpaid interest is reversed at this time. A loan may return to accrual status when collection of principal and interest is assured and the borrower has demonstrated timely payments of principal and interest for a reasonable period. Unsecured loans, however, are not normally placed on non-accrual status because they are charged-off once their collectability is in doubt.
The following is a loan aging analysis by portfolio segment (including loans past due over 90 days and non-accrual loans) and a summary of non-accrual loans, which include TDRs, and loans past due over 90 days and accruing as of the following dates:

| 30-59 Days Past Due |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  | Greater than 90 Days |  | Total Past Due |  | Current |  | Total Loans Outstanding |  | Loans > 90 Days Past Due and Accruing |  | Non-Accrual Loans
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | $ | 3,342 |  |  | $ | 636 |  |  | $ | 3,801 |  |  | $ | 7,779 |  |  | $ | 933,709 |  |  | $ | 941,488 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,720 |
Commercial real estate | 607 |  |  | 104 |  |  | 5,355 |  |  | 6,066 |  |  | 1,209,913 |  |  | 1,215,979 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,517 |
Commercial | 79 |  |  | 644 |  |  | 2,040 |  |  | 2,763 |  |  | 366,074 |  |  | 368,837 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,402 |
Home equity | 542 |  |  | 335 |  |  | 1,427 |  |  | 2,304 |  |  | 323,148 |  |  | 325,452 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,614 |
Consumer | 36 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 47 |  |  | 97 |  |  | 20,161 |  |  | 20,258 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 33 |
HPFC | 617 |  |  | 460 |  |  | 591 |  |  | 1,668 |  |  | 35,161 |  |  | 36,829 |  |  | — |  |  | 591 |
Total | $ | 5,223 |  |  | $ | 2,193 |  |  | $ | 13,261 |  |  | $ | 20,677 |  |  | $ | 2,888,166 |  |  | $ | 2,908,843 |  |  | $ | 14 |  |  | $ | 14,877 |
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | $ | 3,871 |  |  | $ | 1,585 |  |  | $ | 4,021 |  |  | $ | 9,477 |  |  | $ | 848,892 |  |  | $ | 858,369 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,979 |
Commercial real estate | 849 |  |  | 323 |  |  | 5,528 |  |  | 6,700 |  |  | 1,157,323 |  |  | 1,164,023 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,642 |
Commercial | 329 |  |  | 359 |  |  | 1,535 |  |  | 2,223 |  |  | 371,177 |  |  | 373,400 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,000 |
Home equity | 1,046 |  |  | 173 |  |  | 1,329 |  |  | 2,548 |  |  | 320,830 |  |  | 323,378 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,650 |
Consumer | 57 |  |  | 10 |  |  | — |  |  | 67 |  |  | 18,082 |  |  | 18,149 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
HPFC | 139 |  |  | 1,372 |  |  | 419 |  |  | 1,930 |  |  | 43,190 |  |  | 45,120 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,043 |
Total | $ | 6,291 |  |  | $ | 3,822 |  |  | $ | 12,832 |  |  | $ | 22,945 |  |  | $ | 2,759,494 |  |  | $ | 2,782,439 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15,314 |

25

Interest income that would have been recognized if loans on non-accrual status had been current in accordance with their original terms was $171,000, $507,000, $187,000 and $673,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
TDRs:
The Company takes a conservative approach with credit risk management and remains focused on community lending and reinvesting. The Company works closely with borrowers experiencing credit problems to assist in loan repayment or term modifications. TDRs consist of loans where the Company, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties, granted a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. TDRs, typically, involve term modifications or a reduction of either interest or principal. Once such an obligation has been restructured, it will remain a TDR until paid in full, or until the loan is again restructured at current market rates and no concessions are granted.
The specific reserve allowance was determined by discounting the total expected future cash flows from the borrower at the original loan interest rate, or if the loan is currently collateral-dependent, using the net realizable value, which was obtained through independent appraisals and internal evaluations. The following is a summary of TDRs, by portfolio segment, and the associated specific reserve included within the ALL as of the periods indicated:

|  | Number of Contracts |  | Recorded Investment |  | Specific Reserve
|  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017 |  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017 |  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Residential real estate |  | 26 |  |  | 24 |  |  | $ | 3,754 |  |  | $ | 3,604 |  |  | $ | 476 |  |  | $ | 452 |
Commercial real estate |  | 2 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 349 |  |  | 976 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 16 |
Commercial |  | 4 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 1,228 |  |  | 1,345 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Home equity |  | 2 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 305 |  |  | 307 |  |  | 114 |  |  | — |
Total |  | 34 |  |  | 36 |  |  | $ | 5,636 |  |  | $ | 6,232 |  |  | $ | 613 |  |  | $ | 468 |

At September 30, 2018, the Company had performing and non-performing TDRs with a recorded investment balance of $4.0 million and $1.6 million, respectively. At December 31, 2017, the Company had performing and non-performing TDRs with a recorded investment balance of $5.0 million and $1.2 million, respectively.
The following represents loan modifications that qualify as TDRs that occurred for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:

|  | Number of Contracts |  | Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  | Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment |  | Specific Reserve
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
For the three months ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate concession |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 134 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 145 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Maturity concession |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 147 |  |  | — |  |  | 147 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Interest rate and maturity concession |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 68 |  |  | 148 |  |  | 68 |  |  | 156 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 29 |
Payment deferral |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 166 |  |  | — |  |  | 166 |  |  | — |  |  | 45 |  |  | — |
Total |  | 2 |  |  | 3 |  |  | $ | 234 |  |  | $ | 429 |  |  | $ | 234 |  |  | $ | 448 |  |  | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | 29 |
For the nine months ended |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate concession |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 134 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 145 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Maturity concession |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 298 |  |  | — |  |  | 298 |  |  | — |  |  | 15 |
Interest rate and maturity concession |  | 2 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 231 |  |  | 148 |  |  | 254 |  |  | 156 |  |  | 51 |  |  | 29 |
Payment deferral |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 166 |  |  | — |  |  | 166 |  |  | — |  |  | 45 |  |  | — |
Home equity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate and maturity concession |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 315 |  |  | — |  |  | 315 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total |  | 3 |  |  | 5 |  |  | $ | 397 |  |  | $ | 895 |  |  | $ | 420 |  |  | $ | 914 |  |  | $ | 96 |  |  | $ | 44 |

26

For the three months ended September 20, 2018, no loans were modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months for which the borrower subsequently defaulted. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, one home equity loan with a recorded investment of $299,000 was modified as a TDR within the previous 12 months for which the borrower subsequently defaulted. At September 30, 2018, the Company carried a specific reserve on this redefaulted TDR of $114,000. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, no loans were modified as TDRs within the previous 12 months for which the borrower subsequently defaulted.
27

Impaired Loans:
Impaired loans consist of non-accrual loans and TDRs that are individually evaluated for impairment in accordance with the Company's policy. The following is a summary of impaired loan balances and the associated allowance by portfolio segment as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, and as of and for the year-ended December 31, 2017:

|  |  |  |  |  |  | For the Three Months Ended |  | For the Nine Months Ended
| Recorded Investment |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Related Allowance |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized(1) |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
September 30, 2018: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
With an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | $ | 3,577 |  |  | $ | 3,577 |  |  | $ | 619 |  |  | $ | 3,541 |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | 2,428 |  |  | $ | 96 |
Commercial real estate | 349 |  |  | 349 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 350 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 2,428 |  |  | 17 |
Commercial | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Home equity | 318 |  |  | 318 |  |  | 114 |  |  | 391 |  |  | — |  |  | 232 |  |  | — |
Consumer | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
HPFC | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Ending balance | 4,244 |  |  | 4,244 |  |  | 756 |  |  | 4,282 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 5,088 |  |  | 113 |
Without an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | 1,607 |  |  | 1,807 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,750 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 1,582 |  |  | 27 |
Commercial real estate | 4,658 |  |  | 4,944 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,700 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,637 |  |  | — |
Commercial | 1,548 |  |  | 2,725 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,580 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 1,666 |  |  | 6 |
Home equity | 55 |  |  | 206 |  |  | — |  |  | 39 |  |  | — |  |  | 213 |  |  | — |
Consumer | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
HPFC | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Ending balance | 7,868 |  |  | 9,682 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,069 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 6,098 |  |  | 33 |
Total impaired loans | $ | 12,112 |  |  | $ | 13,926 |  |  | $ | 756 |  |  | $ | 12,351 |  |  | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | 11,186 |  |  | $ | 146 |
September 30, 2017: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
With an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | $ | 3,262 |  |  | $ | 3,262 |  |  | $ | 464 |  |  | $ | 3,194 |  |  | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | 3,084 |  |  | $ | 103 |
Commercial real estate | 5,589 |  |  | 5,589 |  |  | 1,470 |  |  | 6,590 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 10,048 |  |  | 15 |
Commercial | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 82 |  |  | — |  |  | 41 |  |  | — |
Home equity | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 167 |  |  | — |
Consumer | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
HPFC | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 33 |  |  | — |
Ending Balance | 8,851 |  |  | 8,851 |  |  | 1,934 |  |  | 9,866 |  |  | 52 |  |  | 13,373 |  |  | 118 |
Without an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | 1,530 |  |  | 1,949 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,427 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 1,349 |  |  | 15 |
Commercial real estate | 784 |  |  | 1,032 |  |  | — |  |  | 794 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 1,250 |  |  | 22 |
Commercial | 1,842 |  |  | 3,015 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,891 |  |  | (6 | ) |  | 1,959 |  |  | 8 |
Home equity | 423 |  |  | 482 |  |  | — |  |  | 440 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 271 |  |  | 6 |
Consumer | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4 | ) |  | 3 |  |  | — |
HPFC | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Ending Balance | 4,579 |  |  | 6,478 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,552 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 4,832 |  |  | 51 |
Total impaired loans | $ | 13,430 |  |  | $ | 15,329 |  |  | $ | 1,934 |  |  | $ | 14,418 |  |  | $ | 73 |  |  | $ | 18,205 |  |  | $ | 169 |

(1) | Negative interest income recognized represents the re-allocation of interest income between "without an allowance recorded" and "with an allowance recorded" during the period.

28

|  |  |  |  |  |  | For the Year Ended
| Recorded Investment |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Related Allowance |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
December 31, 2017: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
With an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | $ | 3,858 |  |  | $ | 3,858 |  |  | $ | 568 |  |  | $ | 3,177 |  |  | $ | 131 |
Commercial real estate | 5,422 |  |  | 5,422 |  |  | 1,441 |  |  | 8,900 |  |  | 22 |
Commercial | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 31 |  |  | — |
Home equity | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 125 |  |  | — |
Consumer | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
HPFC | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 24 |  |  | — |
Ending Balance | 9,280 |  |  | 9,280 |  |  | 2,009 |  |  | 12,257 |  |  | 153 |
Without an allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | 1,313 |  |  | 1,673 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,345 |  |  | 15 |
Commercial real estate | 777 |  |  | 1,084 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,132 |  |  | 29 |
Commercial | 1,791 |  |  | 2,964 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,920 |  |  | 10 |
Home equity | 429 |  |  | 495 |  |  | — |  |  | 310 |  |  | 8 |
Consumer | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |
HPFC | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Ending Balance | 4,310 |  |  | 6,216 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,709 |  |  | 62 |
Total impaired loans | $ | 13,590 |  |  | $ | 15,496 |  |  | $ | 2,009 |  |  | $ | 16,966 |  |  | $ | 215 |

Loan Sales:
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company sold $58.4 million, $155.6 million, $59.9 million, and $150.8 million, respectively, of fixed rate residential mortgage loans on the secondary market that resulted in gains on the sale of loans (net of costs) of $1.5 million, $4.1 million, $1.6 million and $4.3 million, respectively.
At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had certain residential mortgage loans with a principal balance of $10.2 million and $8.1 million, respectively, designated as held for sale. The Company has elected the fair value option of accounting for its loans held for sale, and at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, recorded an unrealized (loss) gain of $(30,000) and $37,000, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the net change in unrealized (losses) gains on loans held for sale recorded within mortgage banking income, net, on its consolidated statements of income, was $(99,000), $(67,000), $72,000, and $263,000, respectively.
The Company has forward delivery commitments with a secondary market investor on each of its loans held for sale at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. The fair value of its forward delivery commitments at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was $241,000 and $142,000, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the net unrealized gain from the change in fair value on the Company's forward delivery commitments reported within mortgage banking income, net on the consolidated statements of income were $49,000 and $16,000, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the net unrealized gain from the change in fair value on the company's forward delivery commitments reported within mortgage banking income, net on the consolidated statement of income was $99,000 and $35,000, respectively. Refer to Note 12 for further discussion of the Company's forward delivery commitments.
In-Process Foreclosure Proceedings:
At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company had $1.3 million and $1.9 million, respectively, of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which foreclosure proceedings were in process. The Company continues to be focused on working these consumer mortgage loans through the foreclosure process to resolution; however, the foreclosure process, typically, will take 18 to 24 months due to the State of Maine foreclosure laws.
29

FHLB Advances:
FHLB advances are those borrowings from the FHLBB greater than 90 days. FHLB advances are collateralized by a blanket lien on qualified collateral consisting primarily of loans with first mortgages secured by one- to four-family properties, certain commercial real estate loans, certain pledged investment securities and other qualified assets. The carrying value of residential real estate and commercial loans pledged as collateral was $1.2 billion and $1.1 billion at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.
Refer to Notes 4 and 10 of the consolidated financial statements for discussion of securities pledged as collateral.
NOTE 6 – REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
The Company and Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the FRB and the OCC. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in mandatory and possible additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
The Company and Bank are required to maintain certain levels of capital based on risk-adjusted assets. These capital requirements represent quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Company and Bank's capital classification is also subject to qualitative judgments by our regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. The quantitative measures established to ensure capital adequacy require the Company and Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of total capital, Tier I capital, and common equity Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets, and of Tier I capital to average assets, or the leverage ratio. These guidelines apply to the Company on a consolidated basis.
Under the current guidelines, banking organizations must have a minimum total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0%, a minimum Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 6.0%, a minimum common equity Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 4.5%, and a minimum leverage ratio of 4.0% in order to be "adequately capitalized." In addition to these requirements, banking organizations must maintain a 2.5% capital conservation buffer consisting of common Tier I equity, subject to a transition schedule with a full phase-in by 2019. Effective January 1, 2018, the Company and Bank were required to establish a capital conservation buffer of 1.875%, increasing the minimum required total risk-based capital, Tier I risk-based and common equity Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets they must maintain to avoid limits on capital distributions and certain bonus payments to executive officers and similar employees.
The Company and Bank's risk-based capital ratios exceeded regulatory guidelines at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, and specifically the Bank was "well capitalized" under prompt corrective action provisions for each period. There were no new conditions or events that occurred subsequent to September 30, 2018, that would change the Company or Bank's regulatory capital categorization. The following table presents the Company and Bank's regulatory capital ratios at the periods indicated:

|  | September 30, 2018 |  | Minimum Regulatory Capital Required for Capital Adequacy plus Capital Conservation Buffer |  | Minimum Regulatory Provision To Be "Well Capitalized" Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions |  | December 31, 2017 |  | Minimum Regulatory Capital Required for Capital Adequacy plus Capital Conservation Buffer |  | Minimum Regulatory Provision To Be "Well Capitalized" Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
|  | Amount |  | Ratio |  |  |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  |
Camden National Corporation: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total risk-based capital ratio |  | $ | 423,277 |  |  | 14.55 | % |  | 9.88 | % |  | N/A |  |  | $ | 396,451 |  |  | 14.14 | % |  | 9.25 | % |  | N/A |
Tier I risk-based capital ratio |  | 384,738 |  |  | 13.22 | % |  | 7.88 | % |  | N/A |  |  | 357,261 |  |  | 12.74 | % |  | 7.25 | % |  | N/A |
Common equity Tier I risk-based capital ratio |  | 341,738 |  |  | 11.75 | % |  | 6.38 | % |  | N/A |  |  | 316,677 |  |  | 11.30 | % |  | 5.75 | % |  | N/A |
Tier I leverage capital ratio |  | 384,738 |  |  | 9.42 | % |  | 4.00 | % |  | N/A |  |  | 357,261 |  |  | 9.07 | % |  | 4.00 | % |  | N/A |
Camden National Bank: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total risk-based capital ratio |  | $ | 389,845 |  |  | 13.42 | % |  | 9.88 | % |  | 10.00 | % |  | $ | 369,540 |  |  | 13.18 | % |  | 9.25 | % |  | 10.00 | %
Tier I risk-based capital ratio |  | 366,306 |  |  | 12.61 | % |  | 7.88 | % |  | 8.00 | % |  | 345,350 |  |  | 12.32 | % |  | 7.25 | % |  | 8.00 | %
Common equity Tier I risk-based capital ratio |  | 366,306 |  |  | 12.61 | % |  | 6.38 | % |  | 6.50 | % |  | 345,350 |  |  | 12.32 | % |  | 5.75 | % |  | 6.50 | %
Tier I leverage capital ratio |  | 366,306 |  |  | 8.99 | % |  | 4.00 | % |  | 5.00 | % |  | 345,350 |  |  | 8.80 | % |  | 4.00 | % |  | 5.00 | %

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In 2015, the Company issued $15.0 million of subordinated debentures, and in 2006 and 2008, it issued $43.0 million of junior subordinated debentures in connection with the issuance of trust preferred securities. Although the subordinated debentures and the junior subordinated debentures are recorded as liabilities on the Company's consolidated statements of condition, the Company is permitted, in accordance with regulatory guidelines, to include, subject to certain limits, each within its calculation of risk-based capital. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, $15.0 million of subordinated debentures were included as Tier II capital and were included in the calculation of the Company's total risk-based capital, and, at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, $43.0 million of the junior subordinated debentures were included in Tier I and total risk-based capital for the Company.
The Company and Bank's regulatory capital and risk-weighted assets fluctuate due to normal business, including profits and losses generated by the Company and Bank as well as changes to their asset mix. Of particular significance are changes within the Company and Bank's loan portfolio mix due to the difference in regulatory risk-weighting differences between retail and commercial loans. Furthermore, the Company and Bank's regulatory capital and risk-weighted assets are subject to change due to changes in GAAP and regulatory capital standards. The Company and Bank proactively monitor their regulatory capital and risk-weighted assets, and the impact of changes to their asset mix, and impact of proposed and pending changes as a result of new and/or amended GAAP standards and regulatory changes.
NOTE 7 – INCOME TAXES
The Company's effective income tax rate for the periods indicated:

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Income tax expense |  | $ | 3,238 |  |  | $ | 5,478 |  |  | $ | 9,204 |  |  | $ | 14,543 |
Income before income tax expense |  | $ | 17,295 |  |  | $ | 16,817 |  |  | $ | 48,298 |  |  | $ | 46,192 |
Effective tax rate(1) |  | 18.7 | % |  | 32.6 | % |  | 19.1 | % |  | 31.5 | %

(1) | On December 22, 2017, the Tax Act was enacted, reducing the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35.0% to 21.0%, effective January 1, 2018.

NOTE 8 – EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
The Company sponsors unfunded, non-qualified SERPs for certain officers and provides medical and life insurance to certain eligible retired employees.
The components of net periodic benefit cost for the periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, were as follows:
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan:

|  |  |  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
Net periodic pension cost |  | Income Statement Presentation |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Service cost |  | Salaries and employee benefits |  | $ | 112 |  |  | $ | 84 |  |  | $ | 335 |  |  | $ | 252 |
Interest cost |  | Other expenses |  | 122 |  |  | 113 |  |  | 366 |  |  | 338 |
Recognized net actuarial loss |  | Other expenses |  | 140 |  |  | 61 |  |  | 420 |  |  | 185 |
Total |  |  |  | $ | 374 |  |  | $ | 258 |  |  | $ | 1,121 |  |  | $ | 775 |

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Other Postretirement Benefit Plan:

|  |  |  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost |  | Income Statement Presentation |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Service cost |  | Salaries and employee benefits |  | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 13 |  |  | $ | 35 |  |  | $ | 39 |
Interest cost |  | Other expenses |  | 33 |  |  | 36 |  |  | 99 |  |  | 108 |
Recognized net actuarial loss |  | Other expenses |  | 12 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 30 |
Amortization of prior service credit |  | Other expenses |  | (6 | ) |  | (6 | ) |  | (18 | ) |  | (18 | )
Total |  |  |  | $ | 51 |  |  | $ | 53 |  |  | $ | 155 |  |  | $ | 159 |

NOTE 9 – BORROWINGS
The following summarizes the Company's short-term and long-term borrowed funds as presented on the consolidated statements of condition at:

| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Short-Term Borrowings (mature within one year): |  |  |  |  |
Customer repurchase agreements | $ | 278,787 |  |  | $ | 244,646 |
FHLBB borrowings | 75,000 |  |  | 250,000 |
Overnight borrowings | 55,945 |  |  | 47,150 |
Total short-term borrowings | $ | 409,732 |  |  | $ | 541,796 |
Long-Term Borrowings (maturity greater than one year): |  |  |  |  |
FHLBB borrowings | $ | 10,000 |  |  | $ | 10,000 |
Capital lease obligation | 738 |  |  | 791 |
Total long-term borrowings | $ | 10,738 |  |  | $ | 10,791 |

NOTE 10 – REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS
The Company can raise additional liquidity by entering into repurchase agreements at its discretion. In a security repurchase agreement transaction, the Company will generally sell a security, agreeing to repurchase either the same or substantially identical security on a specified later date, at a greater price than the original sales price. The difference between the sale price and purchase price is the cost of the proceeds, which is recorded as interest expense on the consolidated statement of income. The securities underlying the agreements are delivered to counterparties as security for the repurchase obligations. Because the securities are treated as collateral and the agreement does not qualify for a full transfer of effective control, the transaction does not meet the criteria to be classified as a sale, and is therefore considered a secured borrowing transaction for accounting purposes. Payments on such borrowings are interest only until the scheduled repurchase date. In a repurchase agreement, the Company is subject to the risk that the purchaser may default at maturity and not return the securities underlying the agreements. In order to minimize this potential risk, the Company either deals with established firms when entering into these transactions or with customers whose agreements stipulate that the securities underlying the agreement are not delivered to the customer and instead are held in segregated safekeeping accounts by the Company's safekeeping agents.
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The table below sets forth information regarding the Company’s repurchase agreements accounted for as secured borrowings and types of collateral as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:

|  | Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
|  | Overnight and Continuous |  | Up to 30 Days |  | 30 - 90 Days |  | Greater than 90 Days |  | Total
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customer Repurchase Agreements: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | $ | 1,256 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,256 |
Mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises |  | 74,548 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 74,548 |
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises |  | 202,983 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 202,983 |
Total Customer Repurchase Agreements |  | 278,787 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 278,787 |
Total Repurchase Agreements |  | $ | 278,787 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 278,787 |
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customer Repurchase Agreements: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | $ | 630 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 630 |
Mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises |  | 98,460 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 98,460 |
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises |  | 145,556 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 145,556 |
Total Customer Repurchase Agreements |  | 244,646 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 244,646 |
Total Repurchase Agreements |  | $ | 244,646 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 244,646 |

Certain customers held CDs totaling $922,000 and $920,000 with the Bank at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, that were collateralized by CMO and MBS securities that were overnight repurchase agreements.
Certain counterparties monitor collateral, and may request additional collateral to be posted from time to time.
NOTE 11 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT AND DISCLOSURE
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is best determined using quoted market prices. However, in many instances, quoted market prices are not available. In such instances, fair values are determined using various valuation techniques. Various assumptions and observable inputs must be relied upon in applying these techniques. GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs.
GAAP permits an entity to choose to measure eligible financial instruments and other items at fair value. The Company has elected the fair value option for its loans held for sale. Electing the fair value option for loans held for sale enables the Company’s financial position to more clearly align with the economic value of the actively traded asset.
The fair value hierarchy for valuation of an asset or liability is as follows:
Level 1: Valuation is based upon unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.
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Level 2: Valuation is determined from quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, from quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active or by model-based techniques in which all significant inputs are observable in the market.
Level 3: Valuation is derived from model-based and other techniques in which at least one significant input is unobservable and which may be based on the Company’s own estimates about the assumptions that market participants would use to value the asset or liability.
In general, fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If such quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based upon model-based techniques incorporating various assumptions including interest rates, prepayment speeds and credit losses. Assets and liabilities valued using model-based techniques are classified as either Level 2 or Level 3, depending on the lowest level classification of an input that is considered significant to the overall valuation. A description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy, is set forth below.
Financial Instruments Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Loans Held For Sale: The fair value of loans held for sale is determined using quoted secondary market prices or executed sales agreements and is classified as Level 2.
Debt Securities: The fair value of investments in debt securities is reported utilizing prices provided by an independent pricing service based on recent trading activity and other observable information including, but not limited to, dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, market interest rate curves, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and the bond’s terms and conditions. The fair value of debt securities are classified as Level 2.
Equity Securities: The fair value of investments in equity securities is reported utilizing market prices based on recent trading activity and dealer quotes. The equity securities are traded on inactive markets and are classified as Level 2.
Derivatives: The fair value of the Company's interest rate swaps, including its junior subordinated debt interest rate swaps, FHLBB advance interest rate swaps and customer loan swaps, are determined using inputs that are observable in the market place obtained from third parties including yield curves, publicly available volatilities, and floating indexes and, accordingly, are classified as Level 2 inputs. The credit value adjustments associated with derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by the Company and its counterparties. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company has assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of its derivative positions and has determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of its derivatives due to collateral postings.
The fair value of the Company's fixed-rate interest rate lock commitments are determined using secondary market pricing for loans with similar structures, including term, rate and borrower credit quality, adjusted for the Company's pull-through rate estimate (i.e. estimate of loans within its pipeline that will ultimately complete the origination process and be funded). The Company has classified its fixed-rate interest rate lock commitments as Level 2 as the quoted secondary market prices are the more significant input, and while the Company's internal pull-through rate estimate is a Level 3 estimate it is less significant to the ultimate valuation.
The fair value of the Company's forward delivery commitments are determined using secondary market pricing for loans with similar structures, including term, rate and borrower credit quality, and the locked and agreed to price with the secondary market investor. The Company has classified its fixed-rate interest rate lock commitments as Level 2.
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The following table summarizes financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, segregated by the level of the valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value:

| Fair Value |  | Readily Available Market Prices (Level 1) |  | Observable Market Data (Level 2) |  | Company Determined Fair Value (Level 3)
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans held for sale | $ | 10,158 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 10,158 |  |  | $ | — |
AFS investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 4,818 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,818 |  |  | — |
Mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises | 460,298 |  |  | — |  |  | 460,298 |  |  | — |
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises | 306,611 |  |  | — |  |  | 306,611 |  |  | — |
Subordinated corporate bonds | 8,616 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,616 |  |  | — |
Equity securities - bank stock | 783 |  |  | — |  |  | 783 |  |  | — |
Customer loan swaps | 15,562 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,562 |  |  | — |
Fixed-rate mortgage interest rate lock commitments | 330 |  |  | — |  |  | 330 |  |  | — |
Forward delivery commitments | 253 |  |  | — |  |  | 253 |  |  | — |
FHLBB advance interest rate swaps | 65 |  |  | — |  |  | 65 |  |  | — |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Junior subordinated debt interest rate swaps | 4,361 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,361 |  |  | — |
Customer loan swaps | 15,562 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,562 |  |  | — |
Fixed-rate mortgage interest rate lock commitments | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |
Forward delivery commitments | 12 |  |  | — |  |  | 12 |  |  | — |
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans held for sale | $ | 8,103 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8,103 |  |  | $ | — |
AFS investments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 7,335 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,335 |  |  | — |
Mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises | 503,302 |  |  | — |  |  | 503,302 |  |  | — |
Collateralized mortgage obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises | 272,799 |  |  | — |  |  | 272,799 |  |  | — |
Subordinated corporate bonds | 5,657 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,657 |  |  | — |
Equity investments | 806 |  |  | — |  |  | 806 |  |  | — |
Customer loan swaps | 5,036 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,036 |  |  | — |
Fixed-rate mortgage interest rate lock commitments | 307 |  |  | — |  |  | 307 |  |  | — |
Forward delivery commitments | 158 |  |  | — |  |  | 158 |  |  | — |
FHLBB advance interest rate swaps | 21 |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | — |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Junior subordinated debt interest rate swaps | 7,571 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,571 |  |  | — |
Customer loan swaps | 5,036 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,036 |  |  | — |
Fixed-rate mortgage interest rate lock commitments | 22 |  |  | — |  |  | 22 |  |  | — |
Forward delivery commitments | 16 |  |  | — |  |  | 16 |  |  | — |

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The Company did not have any transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy during the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The Company’s policy for determining transfers between levels occurs at the end of the reporting period when circumstances in the underlying valuation criteria change and result in transfer between levels.
Financial Instruments Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
The Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP. These include assets that are measured at the lower of cost or market value that were recognized at fair value below cost at the end of the period.
Collateral-Dependent Impaired Loans: Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired. The Company's policy is to evaluate individually for impairment loans with a principal balance greater than $500,000 or more and are classified as substandard or doubtful and are on non-accrual status. Once the population of loans is identified for individual impairment assessment, the Company measures these loans for impairment by comparing net realizable value, which is the fair value of the collateral, less estimated costs to sell, to the carrying value of the loan. If the net realizable value of the loan is less than the carrying value of the loan, then a loss is recognized as part of the ALL to adjust the loan's carrying value to net realizable value. Accordingly, certain collateral-dependent impaired loans are subject to measurement at fair value on a non-recurring basis. Management has estimated the fair values of these assets using Level 2 inputs, such as the fair value of collateral based on independent third-party market approach appraisals for collateral-dependent loans, and Level 3 inputs where circumstances warrant an adjustment to the appraised value based on the age of the appraisal and/or comparable sales, condition of the collateral, and market conditions.
Servicing Assets: The Company accounts for mortgage servicing assets at cost, subject to impairment testing. When the carrying value of a tranche exceeds fair value, a valuation allowance is established to reduce the carrying cost to fair value. Fair value is based on a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated net servicing income. The Company obtains a third-party valuation based upon loan level data including note rate, type and term of the underlying loans. The model utilizes two significant unobservable inputs, which are loan prepayment assumptions and the discount rate used, to calculate the fair value of each tranche, and, as such, the Company has classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the mortgage servicing assets were not carried at fair value.
Non-Financial Instruments Recorded at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
The Company has no non-financial assets or non-financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Non-financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis consist of OREO, and goodwill and other intangible assets.
OREO: OREO properties acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure are recorded at net realizable value, which is the fair value of the real estate, less estimated costs to sell. Any write-down of the recorded investment in the related loan is charged to the ALL upon transfer to OREO. Upon acquisition of a property, a current appraisal is used or an internal valuation is prepared to substantiate fair value of the property. After foreclosure, management periodically, but at least annually, obtains updated valuations of the OREO properties and, if additional impairments are deemed necessary, the subsequent write-downs for declines in value are recorded through a valuation allowance and a provision for losses charged to other non-interest expense within the consolidated statements of income. As management considers appropriate, adjustments are made to the appraisal obtained for the OREO property to account for recent sales activity of comparable properties, changes in the condition of the property, and changes in market conditions. These adjustments are not observable in an active market and are classified as Level 3.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets: Goodwill represents the excess cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the net assets acquired. The fair value of goodwill is estimated by utilizing several standard valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analyses, bank merger multiples, and/or an estimation of the impact of business conditions and investor activities on the long-term value of the goodwill. Should an impairment occur, the associated goodwill is written-down to fair value and the impairment charge is recorded within non-interest expense in the consolidated statements of income. The Company conducts an annual impairment test of goodwill in the fourth quarter each year, or more frequently as necessary. There have been no indications or triggering events during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, for which management believes that it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired.
The Company's core deposit intangible assets represent the estimated value of acquired customer relationships and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated life of those relationships. Core deposit intangibles are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If
36

necessary, management will test the core deposit intangibles for impairment by comparing its carrying value to the expected undiscounted cash flows of the assets. If the undiscounted cash flows of the intangible assets exceed its carrying value then the intangible assets are deemed to be fully recoverable and not impaired. However, if the undiscounted cash flows of the intangible assets are less than its carrying value, then an impairment charge is recorded to mark the carrying value of the intangible assets to fair value. There were no events or changes in circumstances for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, that indicated the carrying amount may not be recoverable.
The table below highlights financial and non-financial assets measured and recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:

| Fair Value |  | Readily Available Market Prices (Level 1) |  | Observable Market Data (Level 2) |  | Company Determined Fair Value (Level 3)
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collateral-dependent impaired loans | $ | 516 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 516 |
Non-financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
OREO | 130 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 130 |
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collateral-dependent impaired loans | $ | 3,696 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,696 |
Non-financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
OREO | 130 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 130 |

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The following table presents the valuation methodology and unobservable inputs for Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:

| Fair Value |  | Valuation Methodology |  | Unobservable input |  | Discount Range (Weighted-Average)
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collateral-dependent impaired loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Partially charged-off | $ | 44 |  |  | Market approach appraisal of collateral |  | Management adjustment of appraisal |  | 0% | (0%)
|  |  |  |  | Estimated selling costs |  | 10% | (10%)
Specifically reserved | 472 |  |  | Market approach appraisal of collateral |  | Management adjustment of appraisal |  | 0% | (0%)
|  |  |  |  | Estimated selling costs |  | 10% | (10%)
OREO | 130 |  |  | Market approach appraisal of collateral |  | Management adjustment of appraisal |  | 20% | (20%)
|  |  |  |  | Estimated selling cost |  | 10% | (10%)
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collateral-dependent impaired loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Partially charged-off | $ | 86 |  |  | Market approach appraisal of collateral |  | Management adjustment of appraisal |  | 0 - 50% | (18%)
|  |  |  |  | Estimated selling costs |  | 0 - 10% | (6%)
Specifically reserved | 3,610 |  |  | Market approach appraisal of collateral |  | Management adjustment of appraisal |  | 0% | (0%)
|  |  |  |  | Estimated selling costs |  | 10% | (10%)
OREO | 130 |  |  | Market approach appraisal of collateral |  | Management adjustment of appraisal |  | 20% | (20%)
|  |  |  |  | Estimated selling costs |  | 10% | (10%)

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The estimated fair values and related carrying amounts for assets and liabilities for which fair value is only disclosed are shown below as of the periods indicated:

|  | Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value |  | Readily Available Market Prices (Level 1) |  | Observable Market Prices (Level 2) |  | Company Determined Market Prices (Level 3)
September 30, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
HTM securities |  | $ | 92,933 |  |  | $ | 90,550 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 90,550 |  |  | $ | — |
Residential real estate loans(1) |  | 935,728 |  |  | 904,765 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 904,765 |
Commercial real estate loans(1) |  | 1,205,397 |  |  | 1,156,934 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,156,934 |
Commercial loans(1)(2) |  | 401,330 |  |  | 394,903 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 394,903 |
Home equity loans(1) |  | 322,877 |  |  | 315,453 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 315,453 |
Consumer loans(1) |  | 19,985 |  |  | 18,894 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,894 |
Servicing assets |  | 877 |  |  | 1,856 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,856 |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Time deposits |  | $ | 638,418 |  |  | $ | 630,600 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 630,600 |  |  | $ | — |
Short-term borrowings |  | 409,732 |  |  | 409,446 |  |  | — |  |  | 409,446 |  |  | — |
Long-term borrowings |  | 10,738 |  |  | 10,620 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,620 |  |  | — |
Subordinated debentures |  | 59,028 |  |  | 50,465 |  |  | — |  |  | 50,465 |  |  | — |
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
HTM securities |  | $ | 94,073 |  |  | $ | 94,913 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 94,913 |  |  | $ | — |
Residential real estate loans(1) |  | 853,283 |  |  | 853,056 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 853,056 |
Commercial real estate loans(1) |  | 1,152,160 |  |  | 1,115,618 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,115,618 |
Commercial loans(1)(2) |  | 413,898 |  |  | 401,902 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 401,902 |
Home equity loans(1) |  | 321,011 |  |  | 318,230 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 318,230 |
Consumer loans(1) |  | 17,916 |  |  | 17,335 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17,335 |
Servicing assets |  | 1,025 |  |  | 1,766 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,766 |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Time deposits |  | $ | 517,032 |  |  | $ | 512,483 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 512,483 |  |  | $ | — |
Short-term borrowings |  | 541,796 |  |  | 541,605 |  |  | — |  |  | 541,605 |  |  | — |
Long-term borrowings |  | 10,791 |  |  | 10,777 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,777 |  |  | — |
Subordinated debentures |  | 58,911 |  |  | 44,333 |  |  | — |  |  | 44,333 |  |  | — |

(1) | The presented carrying amount is net of the allocated ALL.

(2) | Includes the HPFC loan portfolio.

Excluded from the summary were financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis, as previously described.
The Company considers its financial instruments' current use to be the highest and best use of the instruments.
NOTE 12 – COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND DERIVATIVES
Legal Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiary are subject to pending and threatened legal actions. Although the Company is not able to predict the outcome of such actions, after reviewing pending and threatened actions with counsel, management believes that based on the information currently available, the outcome of such actions, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
39

Reserves are established for legal claims only when losses associated with the claims are judged to be probable and the loss can be reasonably estimated. In many lawsuits and arbitrations, it is not possible to determine whether a liability has been incurred or to estimate the ultimate or minimum amount of that liability until the case is close to resolution, in which case a reserve will not be recognized until that time.
As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company did no t have any material loss contingencies for which accruals were provided for and/or disclosure was deemed necessary.
Financial Instruments
In the normal course of business, the Company is a party to both on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments involving, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk and interest rate risk in addition to the amounts recognized in the consolidated statements of condition.
The following is a summary of the contractual and notional amounts of the Company’s financial instruments:

| September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Lending-Related Instruments: |  |  |  |  |
Loan origination commitments and unadvanced lines of credit: |  |  |  |  |
Home equity | $ | 495,086 |  |  | $ | 477,401 |
Residential | 44,624 |  |  | 41,368 |
Commercial and commercial real estate | 29,443 |  |  | 49,482 |
Letters of credit | 2,676 |  |  | 2,848 |
Other commitments | 2,478 |  |  | 523 |
Derivative Financial Instruments: |  |  |  |
Customer loan swaps | $ | 793,212 |  |  | $ | 703,336 |
Junior subordinated debt interest rate swaps | 43,000 |  |  | 43,000 |
FHLBB advance interest rate swaps | 25,000 |  |  | 50,000 |
Interest rate lock commitments | 23,519 |  |  | 21,746 |
Forward delivery commitments | 10,188 |  |  | 8,065 |

Lending-Related Instruments
The contractual amounts of the Company’s lending-related financial instruments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements since certain of these instruments may expire without being funded and others may not be fully drawn upon. These instruments are subject to the Company’s credit approval process, including an evaluation of the customer’s creditworthiness and related collateral requirements. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company uses derivative financial instruments for risk management purposes (primarily interest rate risk) and not for trading or speculative purposes. The Company controls the credit risk of these instruments through collateral, credit approvals and monitoring procedures. Additionally, as part of Company's normal mortgage origination process, it provides the borrower with the option to lock their interest rate based on current market prices. During the period from commitment date to the loan closing date, the Company is subject to the risk of interest rate change. In an effort to mitigate such risk, the Company may enter into forward delivery sales commitments, typically on a "best effort" basis, with certain approved investors. The Company accounts for its interest rate lock commitments on loans within the normal origination process for which it intends to sell as a derivative instrument. Furthermore, the Company records a derivative for its "best effort" forward delivery commitments upon origination of a loan identified as held for sale. Should the Company enter into a forward delivery commitment on a mandatory delivery arrangement with an investor, it accounts for the forward delivery commitment upon execution of the contract.
40

Derivative instruments are carried at fair value in the Company’s financial statements. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument is dependent upon whether or not it qualifies and has been designated as a hedge for accounting purposes, and further, by the type of hedging relationship.
The Company has designated its interest rate swaps on its junior subordinated debentures and its interest rate swaps on forecasted 30-day FHLBB borrowings as cash flow hedges. The change in the fair value of the Company's cash flow hedges is accounted for within AOCI, net of tax. Quarterly, in conjunction with financial reporting, the Company assesses each cash flow hedge for ineffectiveness. To the extent any significant ineffectiveness is identified, this amount is recorded within the consolidated statements of income. Furthermore, the Company will reclassify the gain or loss on the effective portion of the cash flow hedge from AOCI into interest within the consolidated statements of income in the period the hedged transaction affects earnings.
The change in fair value of the Company's other derivative instruments, not designated and qualifying as hedges, are accounted for within the consolidated statements of income.
Customer Loan Swaps:
The Bank will enter into interest rate swaps with its commercial customers, from time to time, to provide them with a means to lock into a long-term fixed rate, while simultaneously the Bank enters into an arrangement with a counterparty to swap the fixed rate to a variable rate to allow it to effectively manage its interest rate exposure.
The Bank's customer loan level derivative program is not designated as a hedge for accounting purposes. As the interest rate swap agreements have substantially equivalent and offsetting terms, they do not materially change the Bank's interest rate risk or present any material exposure to the Company's consolidated statements of income. The Company records its customer loan swaps at fair value and presents such on a gross basis within other assets and accrued interest and other liabilities on the consolidated statements of condition.
The following table presents the total positions, notional and fair value of the Company's customer loans swaps with its commercial customers and the corresponding interest rate swap agreements with counterparty for the periods indicated:

|  |  |  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
|  | Balance Sheet Location |  | Number of Positions |  | Notional |  | Fair Value |  | Number of Positions |  | Notional |  | Fair Value
Receive fixed, pay variable |  | Other assets / (accrued interest and other liabilities) |  | 67 |  |  | $ | 339,886 |  |  | $ | (15,562 | ) |  | 42 |  |  | $ | 226,884 |  |  | $ | (5,036 | )
Receive fixed, pay variable |  | Other assets / (accrued interest and other liabilities) |  | 8 |  |  | 56,720 |  |  | 684 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 124,784 |  |  | 1,799 |
Pay fixed, receive variable |  | Other assets / (accrued interest and other liabilities) |  | 75 |  |  | 396,606 |  |  | 14,878 |  |  | 65 |  |  | 351,668 |  |  | 3,237 |
Total |  |  |  | 150 |  |  | $ | 793,212 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 130 |  |  | $ | 703,336 |  |  | $ | — |

The Bank seeks to mitigate its customer counterparty credit risk exposure through its loan policy and underwriting process, which includes credit approval limits, monitoring procedures, and obtaining collateral, where appropriate. The Bank seeks to mitigate its institutional counterparty credit risk exposure by limiting the institutions for which it will enter into interest swap arrangements through an approved listing by the Company's Board of Directors. The Company has entered into a master netting arrangement with its counterparty and settles payments with the counterparty quarterly on a net basis. The Bank's arrangement with its institutional counterparty requires it to post cash or other assets as collateral for its FHLBB advance interest rate swap and customer loan swap contracts in a net liability position based on their fair values and the Bank's credit rating or receive collateral for contracts in a net asset position as requested.
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Junior Subordinated Debt Interest Rate Swaps:
The Company, from time to time, will enter into an interest rate swap agreement with a counterparty to manage interest rate risk associated with its variable rate borrowings. The Company has entered into a master netting arrangement with its counterparty and settles payments with the counterparty quarterly on a net basis. The interest rate swap arrangements contain provisions that require the Company to post cash or other assets as collateral with the counterparty for contracts that are in a net liability position based on their fair values and the Company’s credit rating. If the interest rate swaps are in a net asset position based on their fair value, the counterparty will post collateral to the Company as requested. At September 30, 2018, the Company posted $4.7 million of cash as collateral to the counterparty and was presented within other assets on the consolidated statements of financial condition.
The details of the junior subordinated debt interest rate swaps for the periods indicated were as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value(1)
Notional Amount |  | Trade Date |  | Maturity Date |  | Variable Index Received |  | Fixed Rate Paid |  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
$ | 10,000 |  |  | 3/18/2009 |  | 6/30/2021 |  | 3-Month USD LIBOR |  | 5.09% |  | $ | 192 |  |  | $ | 527 |
10,000 |  |  | 7/8/2009 |  | 6/30/2029 |  | 3-Month USD LIBOR |  | 5.84% |  | 1,300 |  |  | 2,133 |
10,000 |  |  | 5/6/2010 |  | 6/30/2030 |  | 3-Month USD LIBOR |  | 5.71% |  | 1,260 |  |  | 2,129 |
5,000 |  |  | 3/14/2011 |  | 3/30/2031 |  | 3-Month USD LIBOR |  | 4.35% |  | 683 |  |  | 1,137 |
8,000 |  |  | 5/4/2011 |  | 7/7/2031 |  | 3-Month USD LIBOR |  | 4.14% |  | 926 |  |  | 1,645 |
$ | 43,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 4,361 |  |  | $ | 7,571 |

(1) | Presented within accrued interest and other liabilities on the consolidated statements of condition.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company did no t record any ineffectiveness on these cash flow hedges within the consolidated statements of income.
Net payments to the counterparty for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 were $689,000 and $981,000, respectively, and were classified as cash flows from operating activities in the Company's consolidated statements of cash flows.
FHLBB Advance Interest Rate Swaps:
On February 25, 2015, the Bank entered into two $25.0 million one-year forward-starting interest rate swap arrangements with a counterparty to mitigate short-term interest rate risk. One contract matured on February 25, 2018 and the other is scheduled to mature on February 25, 2019. The Bank entered into these interest rate swaps to mitigate its interest rate exposure on borrowings in a rising interest rate environment. The Bank has designated each arrangement as a cash flow hedge in accordance with GAAP, and, therefore, the change in unrealized gains or losses on the derivative instruments is recorded within AOCI, net of tax. Also, quarterly, in conjunction with financial reporting, the Company assesses each derivative instrument for ineffectiveness. To the extent any significant ineffectiveness is identified this amount would be recorded within the consolidated statements of income. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company did no t record any ineffectiveness within the consolidated statements of income.
The Bank's arrangement with the counterparty requires it to post cash collateral for its FHLBB advance interest rate swap and customer loan swap contracts that are in a net liability position based on their fair values and the Bank's credit rating. If the interest rate swaps are in a net asset position based on their fair value, the counterparty will post collateral to the Bank as requested. At September 30, 2018, the counterparty posted to the Bank $15.7 million of cash as collateral on its FHLBB advance interest rate swap and customer loan swap contracts. The collateral posted by the counterparty to the Bank is not readily available and has been designated as restricted cash and was presented within interest-bearing deposits in other banks on the consolidated statements of condition.
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The details of the FHLBB advance interest rate swaps for the periods indicated were as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Fair Value(1)
Notional Amount |  | Trade Date |  | Maturity Date |  | Variable Index Received |  | Fixed Rate Paid |  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
$ | 25,000 |  |  | 2/25/2015 |  | 2/25/2018 |  | 1-Month USD LIBOR |  | 1.54% |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20 |
25,000 |  |  | 2/25/2015 |  | 2/25/2019 |  | 1-Month USD LIBOR |  | 1.74% |  | 65 |  |  | 1 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 65 |  |  | $ | 21 |

(1) | Presented within other assets on the consolidated statements of condition.

Net payments received from (paid to) the counterparty for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 were $24,000 and $(241,000), respectively, and were classified as cash flows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
Interest Rate Locks Commitments:
As part of the origination process of a residential loan, the Company may enter into rate lock agreements with its borrower, which is considered an interest rate lock commitment. If the Company has the intention to sell the loan upon origination, it will account for the interest rate lock commitment as a derivative. The Company's pipeline of mortgage loans with fixed-rate interest rate lock commitments for which the Company intends to sell the loan upon origination were as follows for the periods indicated:

|  |  |  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
|  | Balance Sheet Location |  | Notional |  | Fair Value |  | Notional |  | Fair Value
Fixed-rate mortgage interest rate locks |  | Other Assets |  | $ | 21,609 |  |  | $ | 330 |  |  | $ | 19,886 |  |  | $ | 307 |
Fixed-rate mortgage interest rate locks |  | Accrued interest and other liabilities |  | 1,910 |  |  | (7 | ) |  | 1,860 |  |  | (22 | )
Total |  |  |  | $ | 23,519 |  |  | $ | 323 |  |  | $ | 21,746 |  |  | $ | 285 |

For the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the net unrealized gain from the change in fair value on the Company's fixed-rate mortgage rate locks reported within mortgage banking income, net, on the consolidated statements of income was $46,000 and $60,000, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the net unrealized gain from the change in fair value on the Company's mortgage interest rate locks was $38,000 and $283,000, respectively.
Forward Delivery Commitments:
The Company typically enters into a forward delivery commitment with a secondary market investor, which has been approved by the Company within its normal governance process, at the onset of the loan origination process. The Company may enter into these arrangements with the secondary market investors on a "best effort" or "mandatory delivery" basis. The Company's normal practice is to typically enter into these arrangements on a "best effort" basis. The Company enters into these arrangements with the secondary market investors to manage its interest rate exposure. The Company accounts for the forward delivery commitment as a derivative (but does not designate the commitment as a hedge) upon origination of a loan for which it intends to sell.
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The Company's forward delivery commitments on loans held for sale was as follows for the periods indicated:

|  |  |  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
|  | Balance Sheet Location |  | Notional |  | Fair Value |  | Notional |  | Fair Value
Forward delivery commitments ("best effort") |  | Other Assets |  | $ | 9,026 |  |  | $ | 253 |  |  | $ | 6,692 |  |  | $ | 158 |
Forward delivery commitments ("best effort") |  | Accrued interest and other liabilities |  | 1,162 |  |  | (12 | ) |  | 1,373 |  |  | (16 | )
Total |  |  |  | $ | 10,188 |  |  | $ | 241 |  |  | $ | 8,065 |  |  | $ | 142 |

For the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the net unrealized gain from the change in fair value on the Company's forward delivery commitments reported within mortgage banking income, net, on the consolidated statements of income was $49,000 and $16,000, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the net unrealized gain from the change in fair value on the Company's forward delivery commitments reported within mortgage banking income, net, on the consolidated statements of income was $99,000 and $35,000, respectively.
The table below presents the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments included in OCI and current earnings for the periods indicated:

|  | For The Three Months Ended September 30 |  | For The Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Effective portion of unrealized gains (losses) recognized within OCI during the period, net of tax |  | $ | 462 |  |  | $ | (80 | ) |  | $ | 2,031 |  |  | $ | (452 | )
Net reclassification adjustment for effective portion of cash flow hedges included in interest expense, gross |  | $ | 177 |  |  | $ | 366 |  |  | $ | 665 |  |  | $ | 1,234 |

The Company expects approximately $412,000 (pre-tax) to be reclassified to interest expense from AOCI, related to the Company’s cash flow hedges, in the next twelve months. This reclassification is due to anticipated payments that will be made and/or received on the swaps based upon the forward curve as of September 30, 2018.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollar Amounts in Tables Expressed in Thousands, Except Per Share Data)
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The discussions set forth below and in the documents we incorporate by reference herein contain certain statements that may be considered forward-looking statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including certain plans, exceptions, goals, projections, and statements, which are subject to numerous risks, assumptions, and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of the words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “assume,” “plan,” “target,” or “goal” or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “may,” “might,” “should,” “could” and other expressions which predict or indicate future events or trends and which do not relate to historical matters. Forward-looking statements should not be relied on, because they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond the control of the Company. These risks, uncertainties and other factors may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to be materially different from the anticipated future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.
The following factors, among others, could cause the Company’s financial performance to differ materially from the Company’s goals, plans, objectives, intentions, expectations and other forward-looking statements:

• | weakness in the United States economy in general and the regional and local economies within the New England region and Maine, which could result in a deterioration of credit quality, an increase in the allowance for loan losses or a reduced demand for the Company’s credit or fee-based products and services;

• | changes in trade, monetary, and fiscal policies and laws, including interest rate policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System;

• | inflation, interest rate, market, and monetary fluctuations;

• | competitive pressures, including continued industry consolidation and the increased financial services provided by non-banks;

• | volatility in the securities markets that could adversely affect the value or credit quality of the Company’s assets, impairment of goodwill, the availability and terms of funding necessary to meet the Company’s liquidity needs, and which could lead to impairment in the value of securities in the Company's investment portfolio;

• | changes in information technology and other operational risks, including cybersecurity, that require increased capital spending;

• | changes in consumer spending and savings habits;

• | changes in tax, banking, securities and insurance laws and regulations; and

• | changes in accounting policies, practices and standards, as may be adopted by the regulatory agencies as well as the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"), and other accounting standard setters.

You should carefully review all of these factors, and be aware that there may be other factors that could cause differences, including the risk factors listed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, as updated by the Company's quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, including this report, and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Readers should carefully review the risk factors described therein and should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements.
These forward-looking statements were based on information, plans and estimates at the date of this report, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, new information, future events or other changes, except to the extent required by applicable law or regulation.
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GENERAL OVERVIEW
Camden National Corporation (hereafter referred to as “we,” “our,” “us,” or the “Company”) is a publicly-held bank holding company, with $4.2 billion in assets at September 30, 2018, incorporated under the laws of the State of Maine and headquartered in Camden, Maine. Camden National Bank (the "Bank"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, was founded in 1875. The Company was founded in 1984, went public in 1997 and is now registered with NASDAQ Global Market (“NASDAQ”) under the ticker symbol "CAC."
The primary business of the Company and the Bank is to attract deposits from, and to extend loans to, consumer, institutional, municipal, non-profit and commercial customers. The Company, through the Bank, offers commercial and consumer banking products and services as well as investment management and fiduciary services. In addition, Camden Financial Consultants, a division of the Bank, offers brokerage and insurance services.
The Company competes throughout Maine, New Hampshire and Massachusetts with our primary markets within Maine. We operate and manage the Bank's business within Maine's various regions, including Mid Coast, Southern, Central, Bangor and Downeast. Many of these markets in which we operate are characterized as rural areas. The Company and the Bank generally have effectively competed with other financial institutions by emphasizing customer service, highlighted by local decision-making, establishing long-term customer relationships, building customer loyalty and providing products and services designed to meet the needs of customers.
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
Net income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $14.1 million and $39.1 million, respectively, representing an increase over the same periods last year of $2.7 million, or 24%, and $7.4 million, or 24%, respectively. Diluted EPS for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $0.90 and $2.50, respectively, representing an increase over the same periods last year of $0.18, or 25%, and $0.48, or 24%, respectively.
Effective January 1, 2018, the federal corporate income tax rate decreased from 35.0% to 21.0%. We estimate that the reduction in the federal corporate income tax rate increased net income $2.4 million, or $0.15 per diluted share, and $6.8 million, or $0.43 per diluted share, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, compared to the same periods last year.
Total revenue (calculated as the sum of net interest income and non-interest income) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $40.8 million and $117.5 million, respectively, each representing an increase of 3% over the same periods last year. Total revenue growth for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, was led by strong average loan and deposit growth. Net interest margin on a fully-taxable equivalent basis for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was 3.14% and 3.11%, respectively, compared to 3.16% and 3.16% for the same periods last year. The decrease in net interest margin for each respective period was driven by a decrease in fair value mark accretion income recognized on acquired loans and time deposits, as well as a lower contribution from tax-equivalency adjustments as a result of the lower federal corporate income tax rate between periods.
The provision for credit losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $354,000 and $840,000, respectively, representing a decrease of $463,000 and $2.0 million, compared to the same periods last year. The decrease in provision for credit losses between periods, highlights the strength of our asset quality across our loan portfolio at September 30, 2018.
Non-interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $23.2 million and $68.4 million, representing an increase over the same period last year of $1.3 million, or 6%, and $3.0 million, or 5%, respectively. Our efficiency ratio (non-GAAP) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 was 57.33% and 58.14%, respectively.
The Company's capital position at September 30, 2018 was well in excess of regulatory requirements, including a total risk-based capital ratio of 14.55% and a Tier I leverage ratio of 9.42%. At September 30, 2018, the Company's tangible common equity ratio (non-GAAP) was 7.78%.
We declared a $0.30 dividend per share in the third quarter of 2018, an increase of $0.07 per share, or 30%, over the third quarter of 2017. Our third quarter 2018 dividend yield was 2.76%, based on our closing stock price as of September 28, 2018 (the last business day of the third quarter).
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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant judgments and uncertainties, and could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. In preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements, management is required to make significant estimates and assumptions that affect assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses reported. Actual results could materially differ from the Company's current estimates, as a result of changing conditions and future events. Several estimates are particularly critical and are susceptible to significant near-term change, including (i) the allowance for loan losses; (ii) accounting for acquisitions and the subsequent review of goodwill and core deposit intangible assets generated in an acquisition for impairment; (iii) OTTI of investments; and (iv) income taxes.
There have been no material changes to the Company's critical accounting policies as disclosed within its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. Refer to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, for discussion of the Company's critical accounting policies.
Refer to Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements for discussion of accounting pronouncements adopted during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, and the impact to the consolidated financial statements, as well as the status of issued accounting pronouncements yet to be adopted and implemented.
NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES AND RECONCILIATION TO GAAP
In addition to evaluating the Company’s results of operations in accordance with GAAP, management supplements this evaluation with an analysis of certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as the return on average tangible equity, efficiency ratio; tax equivalent net interest income; tangible book value per share; and tangible common equity ratio. These non-GAAP financial measures are utilized for purposes of measuring performance against the Company's peer group and other financial institutions, as well as for analyzing its internal performance. The Company also believes these non-GAAP financial measures help investors better understand the Company's operating performance and trends and allows for better performance comparisons to other banks. In addition, these non-GAAP financial measures remove the impact of unusual items that may obscure trends in the Company’s underlying performance. These disclosures should not be viewed as a substitute for GAAP operating results, nor are they necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be presented by other financial institutions.
Return on Average Tangible Equity: Return on average tangible equity is the ratio of (i) net income, adjusted for tax effected amortization of intangible assets and goodwill impairment (the numerator) to (ii) average shareholders' equity, adjusted for average goodwill and other intangible assets. This adjusted financial ratio reflects a shareholders' return on tangible capital deployed in our business and is a common measure within the financial services industry.

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Net income, as presented |  | $ | 14,057 |  |  | $ | 11,339 |  |  | $ | 39,094 |  |  | $ | 31,649 |
Amortization of intangible assets, net of tax(1) |  | 144 |  |  | 307 |  |  | 430 |  |  | 921 |
Net income, adjusted for amortization of intangible assets |  | $ | 14,201 |  |  | $ | 11,646 |  |  | $ | 39,524 |  |  | $ | 32,570 |
Average shareholders' equity, as presented |  | $ | 414,936 |  |  | $ | 411,497 |  |  | $ | 407,524 |  |  | $ | 403,195 |
Less: average goodwill and other intangible assets |  | (99,195 | ) |  | (100,273 | ) |  | (99,379 | ) |  | (100,746 | )
Average tangible equity |  | $ | 315,741 |  |  | $ | 311,224 |  |  | $ | 308,145 |  |  | $ | 302,449 |
Return on average tangible equity |  | 17.84 | % |  | 14.85 | % |  | 17.15 | % |  | 14.40 | %
Return on average shareholders' equity |  | 13.44 | % |  | 10.93 | % |  | 12.83 | % |  | 10.49 | %

(1) | Reported on a tax-equivalent basis using the corporate federal income tax rate in effect for the respective period.

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Efficiency Ratio. The efficiency ratio represents an approximate measure of the cost required for the Company to generate a dollar of revenue. This is a common measure within the financial services industry and is a key ratio for evaluating Company performance. The efficiency ratio is calculated as the ratio of (i) total non-interest expense, adjusted for certain operating expenses, as necessary to (ii) net interest income on a tax equivalent basis plus total non-interest income, adjusted for certain other income items, as necessary.

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Non-interest expense, as presented |  | $ | 23,166 |  |  | $ | 21,825 |  |  | $ | 68,365 |  |  | $ | 65,411 |
Net interest income, as presented |  | $ | 30,423 |  |  | $ | 29,160 |  |  | $ | 88,806 |  |  | $ | 85,641 |
Add: effect of tax-exempt income(1) |  | 260 |  |  | 535 |  |  | 771 |  |  | 1,580 |
Non-interest income, as presented |  | 10,392 |  |  | 10,299 |  |  | 28,697 |  |  | 28,759 |
Less: net gain on sale of securities |  | (664 | ) |  | (827 | ) |  | (695 | ) |  | (827 | )
Adjusted net interest income plus non-interest income |  | $ | 40,411 |  |  | $ | 39,167 |  |  | $ | 117,579 |  |  | $ | 115,153 |
Non-GAAP efficiency ratio |  | 57.33 | % |  | 55.72 | % |  | 58.14 | % |  | 56.80 | %
GAAP efficiency ratio |  | 56.76 | % |  | 55.31 | % |  | 58.18 | % |  | 57.18 | %

(1) | Reported on a tax-equivalent basis using the corporate federal income tax rate in effect for the respective period.

Tax Equivalent Net Interest Income. Tax-equivalent net interest income is net interest income plus the taxes that would have been paid had tax-exempt securities been taxable. This number attempts to enhance the comparability of the performance of assets that have different tax liabilities.

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017
Net interest income, as presented |  | $ | 30,423 |  |  | $ | 29,160 |  |  | $ | 88,806 |  |  | $ | 85,641 |
Add: effect of tax-exempt income(1) |  | 260 |  |  | 535 |  |  | 771 |  |  | 1,580 |
Net interest income, tax equivalent |  | $ | 30,683 |  |  | $ | 29,695 |  |  | $ | 89,577 |  |  | $ | 87,221 |

(1) | Reported on a tax-equivalent basis using the corporate federal income tax rate in effect for the respective period.

48

Tangible Book Value per Share. Tangible book value per share is the ratio of (i) shareholders’ equity less goodwill and other intangibles (the numerator) to (ii) total common shares outstanding at period end. The following table reconciles tangible book value per share to book value per share. Tangible book value per share is a common measure within the financial services industry, when assessing the value of a company as it removes goodwill and other intangible assets generated within purchase accounting upon a business combination.
Tangible Common Equity Ratio. Tangible common equity is the ratio of (i) shareholders’ equity less goodwill and other intangible assets (the numerator) to (ii) total assets less goodwill and other intangible assets. This ratio is a measure used within the financial services industry to assess whether or not a company is highly leveraged.

|  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017 |
Tangible Book Value Per Share: |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders’ equity, as presented |  | $ | 417,525 |  |  | $ | 403,413 |  |
Less: goodwill and other intangibles |  | (99,108 | ) |  | (99,652 | ) |
Tangible shareholders’ equity |  | $ | 318,417 |  |  | $ | 303,761 |  |
Shares outstanding at period end |  | 15,584,526 |  |  | 15,524,704 |  |
Tangible book value per share |  | $ | 20.43 |  |  | $ | 19.57 |  |
Book value per share |  | $ | 26.79 |  |  | $ | 25.99 |  |
Tangible Common Equity Ratio: |  |  |  |  |
Total assets |  | $ | 4,191,584 |  |  | $ | 4,065,398 |  |
Less: goodwill and other intangibles |  | (99,108 | ) |  | (99,652 | ) |
Tangible assets |  | $ | 4,092,476 |  |  | $ | 3,965,746 |  |
Tangible common equity ratio |  | 7.78 | % |  | 7.66 | % |
Shareholders' equity to total assets |  | 9.96 | % |  | 9.92 | % |

49

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Interest Income
Net interest income is the interest earned on loans, securities, and other interest-earning assets, plus net loan fees, origination costs, and accretion or amortization of fair value marks on loans and/or CDs created in purchase accounting, less the interest paid on interest-bearing deposits and borrowings. Net interest income is our largest source of revenue and accounted for 75% and 74% of total revenues (net interest income and non-interest income) for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and 76% and 75% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Net interest income is affected by several factors including, but not limited to, changes in interest rates, loan and deposit pricing strategies and competitive conditions, the volume and mix of interest-earning assets and liabilities, and the level of non-performing assets.
Our net interest margin on a fully-taxable basis, which is calculated as annualized net interest income on a fully-taxable basis over total average interest-earning assets, for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, was 3.14% and 3.16%, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, was 3.11% and 3.16%, respectively.
Net Interest Income — Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. Net interest income on a fully-taxable basis for the three months ended September 30, 2018, was $30.7 million, representing an increase of $988,000, or 3%, over the same period last year.
Average loans for the third quarter of 2018 totaled $2.9 billion, an increase of $136.2 million, or 5%, over the third quarter of 2017. Our average loan growth over this period was led by residential mortgages and commercial real estate loans, which grew 10% and 5%, respectively, over the same period last year. Our loan growth for the third quarter of 2018 was funded by strong average deposits growth (excluding brokered deposits) of $264.7 million, or 10%, over the third quarter of 2017, led by demand and interest checking growth of 15% and 19%, respectively. Average deposit growth for the third quarter of 2018 in excess of loan growth enabled us to reduce average total borrowings by $153.1 million, or 16%, for the third quarter compared to the same period last year, which has become increasingly important as interest rates continue to rise.
For the third quarter of 2018, our net interest margin on a fully-taxable basis was 3.14%, representing a 2 basis points decrease compared to the same period last year. However, net interest margin on a fully-taxable basis, adjusted for the decrease in loan and deposit fair value mark accretion and income on previously charged-off loans of $370,000 between periods, for the third quarter of 2018 was 3.09%, an increase of 2 basis points compared to the third quarter of 2017.
The following table presents average balances, interest income, interest expense, and the corresponding average yields earned and cost of funds, as well as net interest income, net interest rate spread and net interest margin on a fully-taxable basis for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:
50

Quarterly Average Balance, Interest and Yield/Rate Analysis
|  | For The Three Months Ended
|  | September 30, 2018 |  | September 30, 2017
(In thousands) |  | Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Yield/Rate |  | Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Yield/Rate
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks(1) |  | $ | 45,824 |  |  | $ | 217 |  |  | 1.85 | % |  | $ | 40,640 |  |  | $ | 132 |  |  | 1.27 | %
Securities - taxable |  | 826,541 |  |  | 4,867 |  |  | 2.36 | % |  | 819,778 |  |  | 4,542 |  |  | 2.22 | %
Securities - nontaxable(2) |  | 97,775 |  |  | 834 |  |  | 3.41 | % |  | 101,507 |  |  | 1,055 |  |  | 4.16 | %
Loans(3): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate |  | 934,029 |  |  | 9,709 |  |  | 4.16 | % |  | 851,828 |  |  | 8,717 |  |  | 4.09 | %
Commercial real estate |  | 1,198,677 |  |  | 13,662 |  |  | 4.46 | % |  | 1,136,851 |  |  | 11,836 |  |  | 4.07 | %
Commercial(2) |  | 351,980 |  |  | 4,102 |  |  | 4.56 | % |  | 347,469 |  |  | 3,712 |  |  | 4.18 | %
Municipal(2) |  | 24,603 |  |  | 190 |  |  | 3.06 | % |  | 24,847 |  |  | 203 |  |  | 3.24 | %
Consumer |  | 344,740 |  |  | 4,487 |  |  | 5.16 | % |  | 345,533 |  |  | 3,986 |  |  | 4.58 | %
HPFC |  | 38,356 |  |  | 749 |  |  | 7.64 | % |  | 49,619 |  |  | 1,062 |  |  | 8.38 | %
Total loans |  | 2,892,385 |  |  | 32,899 |  |  | 4.49 | % |  | 2,756,147 |  |  | 29,516 |  |  | 4.23 | %
Total interest-earning assets(1) |  | 3,862,525 |  |  | 38,817 |  |  | 3.97 | % |  | 3,718,072 |  |  | 35,245 |  |  | 3.75 | %
Cash and due from banks |  | 48,021 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 45,291 |  |  |  |  |
Other assets |  | 277,271 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 291,319 |  |  |  |  |
Less: ALL |  | (23,803 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | (24,539 | ) |  |  |  |
Total assets |  | $ | 4,164,014 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 4,030,143 |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Demand |  | $ | 517,651 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — | % |  | $ | 450,350 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — | %
Interest checking |  | 865,012 |  |  | 1,167 |  |  | 0.54 | % |  | 727,959 |  |  | 352 |  |  | 0.19 | %
Savings |  | 483,577 |  |  | 77 |  |  | 0.06 | % |  | 493,447 |  |  | 82 |  |  | 0.07 | %
Money market |  | 512,650 |  |  | 1,156 |  |  | 0.89 | % |  | 469,458 |  |  | 627 |  |  | 0.53 | %
Certificates of deposit |  | 481,059 |  |  | 1,438 |  |  | 1.18 | % |  | 454,013 |  |  | 952 |  |  | 0.83 | %
Total deposits |  | 2,859,949 |  |  | 3,838 |  |  | 0.53 | % |  | 2,595,227 |  |  | 2,013 |  |  | 0.31 | %
Borrowings: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Brokered deposits |  | 272,471 |  |  | 1,417 |  |  | 2.07 | % |  | 310,207 |  |  | 1,014 |  |  | 1.30 | %
Customer repurchase agreements |  | 244,189 |  |  | 667 |  |  | 1.08 | % |  | 222,386 |  |  | 285 |  |  | 0.51 | %
Subordinated debentures |  | 59,009 |  |  | 858 |  |  | 5.77 | % |  | 58,853 |  |  | 858 |  |  | 5.78 | %
Other borrowings |  | 249,341 |  |  | 1,354 |  |  | 2.16 | % |  | 386,643 |  |  | 1,380 |  |  | 1.42 | %
Total borrowings |  | 825,010 |  |  | 4,296 |  |  | 2.07 | % |  | 978,089 |  |  | 3,537 |  |  | 1.43 | %
Total funding liabilities |  | 3,684,959 |  |  | 8,134 |  |  | 0.88 | % |  | 3,573,316 |  |  | 5,550 |  |  | 0.62 | %
Other liabilities |  | 64,119 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 45,330 |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders' equity |  | 414,936 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 411,497 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities & shareholders' equity |  | $ | 4,164,014 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 4,030,143 |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income (fully-taxable equivalent) |  |  |  | 30,683 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 29,695 |  |  |
Less: fully-taxable equivalent adjustment |  |  |  | (260 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | (535 | ) |  |
Net interest income |  |  |  | $ | 30,423 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 29,160 |  |  |
Net interest rate spread (fully-taxable equivalent)(1) |  |  |  |  |  | 3.09 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.13 | %
Net interest margin (fully-taxable equivalent)(1) |  |  |  |  |  | 3.14 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.16 | %
Net interest margin (fully-taxable equivalent), excluding fair value mark accretion and collection of previously charged-off acquired loans(1)(4) |  |  |  |  |  | 3.09 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.07 | %

(1) | Prior period was revised to include average interest-bearing deposits in other banks in total average interest-earning assets. Previously, average interest-bearing deposits in other banks was presented in cash and due from banks.

(2) | Reported on tax-equivalent basis calculated using the federal corporate income tax rate of 21% and 35% for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, including certain commercial loans.

(3) | Non-accrual loans and loans held for sale are included in total average loans.

(4) | Excludes the impact of the fair value mark accretion on loans and CDs generated in purchase accounting and collection of previously charged-off acquired loans for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, totaling $434,000 and $804,000, respectively.

51

Net Interest Income — Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. Net interest income on a fully-taxable basis for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, was $89.6 million, representing an increase of $2.4 million, or 3%, over the same period last year.
Average loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 totaled $2.8 billion, an increase of $141.4 million, or 5%, over the same period of 2017. Average loan growth over this period was led by residential mortgages and commercial real estate loans, which grew 8% and 7%, respectively, over the same period last year. Our loan growth for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, was funded by strong average deposits (excluding brokered deposits) growth of $225.9 million, or 9%, over the same period of 2017, led by demand and interest checking growth of 16% and 17%, respectively. Average deposit growth for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 in excess of loan growth enabled us to reduce average total borrowings by $107.0 million, or 11%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to the same period last year, which has become increasingly important as interest rates continue to rise.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, our net interest margin on a fully-taxable basis was 3.11%, representing a 5 basis points decrease compared to the same period last year. However, net interest margin on a fully-taxable basis, adjusted for the decrease in loan and deposit fair value mark accretion and income on previously charged-off loans of $898,000 between periods, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, was 3.06%, a decrease of 1 basis point compared to the same period of 2017.
The following table presents average balances, interest income, interest expense, and the corresponding average yields earned and cost of funds, as well as net interest income, net interest rate spread and net interest margin on a fully-taxable basis for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:
52

Year-To-Date Average Balance, Interest and Yield/Rate Analysis
|  | For The Nine Months Ended
|  | September 30, 2018 |  | September 30, 2017
(In thousands) |  | Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Yield/Rate |  | Average Balance |  | Interest |  | Yield/Rate
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks(1) |  | $ | 52,076 |  |  | $ | 633 |  |  | 1.60 | % |  | $ | 37,505 |  |  | $ | 287 |  |  | 1.01 | %
Securities - taxable |  | 829,248 |  |  | 14,288 |  |  | 2.30 | % |  | 832,054 |  |  | 13,863 |  |  | 2.22 | %
Securities - nontaxable(2) |  | 98,443 |  |  | 2,517 |  |  | 3.41 | % |  | 102,075 |  |  | 3,198 |  |  | 4.18 | %
Loans(3): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate |  | 893,531 |  |  | 27,865 |  |  | 4.16 | % |  | 831,072 |  |  | 25,580 |  |  | 4.10 | %
Commercial real estate |  | 1,183,666 |  |  | 38,947 |  |  | 4.34 | % |  | 1,109,386 |  |  | 33,833 |  |  | 4.02 | %
Commercial(2) |  | 351,224 |  |  | 11,766 |  |  | 4.42 | % |  | 334,247 |  |  | 10,560 |  |  | 4.17 | %
Municipal(2) |  | 21,318 |  |  | 503 |  |  | 3.16 | % |  | 19,761 |  |  | 493 |  |  | 3.34 | %
Consumer |  | 342,214 |  |  | 12,741 |  |  | 4.98 | % |  | 343,294 |  |  | 11,358 |  |  | 4.42 | %
HPFC |  | 41,079 |  |  | 2,435 |  |  | 7.82 | % |  | 53,873 |  |  | 3,472 |  |  | 8.50 | %
Total loans |  | 2,833,032 |  |  | 94,257 |  |  | 4.41 | % |  | 2,691,633 |  |  | 85,296 |  |  | 4.20 | %
Total interest-earning assets |  | 3,812,799 |  |  | 111,695 |  |  | 3.89 | % |  | 3,663,267 |  |  | 102,644 |  |  | 3.72 | %
Cash and due from banks |  | 45,464 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 45,043 |  |  |  |  |
Other assets |  | 274,732 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 287,255 |  |  |  |  |
Less: ALL |  | (23,801 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | (23,976 | ) |  |  |  |
Total assets |  | $ | 4,109,194 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 3,971,589 |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Demand |  | $ | 478,386 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — | % |  | $ | 411,818 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — | %
Interest checking |  | 846,093 |  |  | 2,915 |  |  | 0.46 | % |  | 725,705 |  |  | 952 |  |  | 0.18 | %
Savings |  | 486,773 |  |  | 229 |  |  | 0.06 | % |  | 490,648 |  |  | 229 |  |  | 0.06 | %
Money market |  | 502,719 |  |  | 2,988 |  |  | 0.79 | % |  | 476,983 |  |  | 1,753 |  |  | 0.49 | %
Certificates of deposit |  | 475,336 |  |  | 3,851 |  |  | 1.08 | % |  | 458,208 |  |  | 3,014 |  |  | 0.88 | %
Total deposits |  | 2,789,307 |  |  | 9,983 |  |  | 0.48 | % |  | 2,563,362 |  |  | 5,948 |  |  | 0.31 | %
Borrowings: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Brokered deposits |  | 250,272 |  |  | 3,480 |  |  | 1.86 | % |  | 322,860 |  |  | 2,620 |  |  | 1.09 | %
Customer repurchase agreements |  | 243,037 |  |  | 1,729 |  |  | 0.95 | % |  | 225,426 |  |  | 747 |  |  | 0.44 | %
Subordinated debentures |  | 58,970 |  |  | 2,556 |  |  | 5.80 | % |  | 58,814 |  |  | 2,553 |  |  | 5.80 | %
Other borrowings |  | 302,238 |  |  | 4,370 |  |  | 1.93 | % |  | 354,443 |  |  | 3,555 |  |  | 1.34 | %
Total borrowings |  | 854,517 |  |  | 12,135 |  |  | 1.90 | % |  | 961,543 |  |  | 9,475 |  |  | 1.32 | %
Total funding liabilities |  | 3,643,824 |  |  | 22,118 |  |  | 0.81 | % |  | 3,524,905 |  |  | 15,423 |  |  | 0.58 | %
Other liabilities |  | 57,846 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 43,489 |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders' equity |  | 407,524 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 403,195 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities & shareholders' equity |  | $ | 4,109,194 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 3,971,589 |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income (fully-taxable equivalent) |  |  |  | 89,577 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 87,221 |  |  |
Less: fully-taxable equivalent adjustment |  |  |  | (771 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | (1,580 | ) |  |
Net interest income |  |  |  | $ | 88,806 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 85,641 |  |  |
Net interest rate spread (fully-taxable equivalent)(1) |  |  |  |  |  | 3.08 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.14 | %
Net interest margin (fully-taxable equivalent)(1) |  |  |  |  |  | 3.11 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.16 | %
Net interest margin (fully-taxable equivalent), excluding fair value mark accretion and collection of previously charged-off acquired loans(1)(4) |  |  |  |  |  | 3.06 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.07 | %

(1) | Prior period was revised to include average interest-bearing deposits in other banks in total average interest-earning assets. Previously, average interest-bearing deposits in other banks was presented in cash and due from banks.

(2) | Reported on tax-equivalent basis calculated using the federal corporate income tax rate of 21% and 35% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, including certain commercial loans.

(3) | Non-accrual loans and loans held for sale are included in total average loans.

(4) | Excludes the impact of the fair value mark accretion on loans and CDs generated in purchase accounting and collection of previously charged-off acquired loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, totaling $1.6 million and $2.5 million, respectively.

53

The following table presents certain information on a fully-taxable equivalent basis regarding changes in interest income and interest expense for the periods indicated. For each category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, information is provided with respect to changes attributable to rate and volume. The (a) changes in volume (change in volume multiplied by prior period's rate), (b) changes in rates (change in rate multiplied prior period's volume), and (c) changes in rate/volume (change in rate multiplied by the change in volume), which is allocated to the change due to rate column.

|  | For The Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 vs. September 30, 2017 |  | For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 vs. September 30, 2017
|  | Increase (Decrease) Due to: |  | Increase (Decrease) Due to:
|  | Volume |  | Rate(1) |  | Net |  | Volume |  | Rate(2) |  | Net
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks |  | $ | 16 |  |  | $ | 69 |  |  | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 110 |  |  | $ | 236 |  |  | $ | 346 |
Securities – taxable |  | 38 |  |  | 287 |  |  | 325 |  |  | (47 | ) |  | 472 |  |  | 425 |
Securities – nontaxable |  | (39 | ) |  | (182 | ) |  | (221 | ) |  | (114 | ) |  | (567 | ) |  | (681 | )
Residential real estate |  | 841 |  |  | 151 |  |  | 992 |  |  | 1,921 |  |  | 364 |  |  | 2,285 |
Commercial real estate |  | 643 |  |  | 1,183 |  |  | 1,826 |  |  | 2,264 |  |  | 2,850 |  |  | 5,114 |
Commercial |  | 48 |  |  | 342 |  |  | 390 |  |  | 537 |  |  | 669 |  |  | 1,206 |
Municipal |  | (2 | ) |  | (11 | ) |  | (13 | ) |  | 39 |  |  | (29 | ) |  | 10 |
Consumer |  | (9 | ) |  | 510 |  |  | 501 |  |  | (36 | ) |  | 1,419 |  |  | 1,383 |
HPFC |  | (241 | ) |  | (72 | ) |  | (313 | ) |  | (825 | ) |  | (212 | ) |  | (1,037 | )
Total interest income |  | 1,295 |  |  | 2,277 |  |  | 3,572 |  |  | 3,849 |  |  | 5,202 |  |  | 9,051 |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest checking |  | 66 |  |  | 749 |  |  | 815 |  |  | 162 |  |  | 1,801 |  |  | 1,963 |
Savings |  | (2 | ) |  | (3 | ) |  | (5 | ) |  | (2 | ) |  | 2 |  |  | — |
Money market |  | 58 |  |  | 471 |  |  | 529 |  |  | 94 |  |  | 1,141 |  |  | 1,235 |
Certificates of deposit |  | 57 |  |  | 429 |  |  | 486 |  |  | 113 |  |  | 724 |  |  | 837 |
Brokered deposits |  | (124 | ) |  | 527 |  |  | 403 |  |  | (592 | ) |  | 1,452 |  |  | 860 |
Customer repurchase agreements |  | 28 |  |  | 354 |  |  | 382 |  |  | 58 |  |  | 924 |  |  | 982 |
Subordinated debentures |  | 2 |  |  | (2 | ) |  | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | (4 | ) |  | 3 |
Other borrowings |  | (491 | ) |  | 465 |  |  | (26 | ) |  | (523 | ) |  | 1,338 |  |  | 815 |
Total interest expense |  | (406 | ) |  | 2,990 |  |  | 2,584 |  |  | (683 | ) |  | 7,378 |  |  | 6,695 |
Net interest income (fully-taxable equivalent) |  | $ | 1,701 |  |  | $ | (713 | ) |  | $ | 988 |  |  | $ | 4,532 |  |  | $ | (2,176 | ) |  | $ | 2,356 |

(1) | Presented within increase (decrease) due to rate for the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017 was (i) a decrease in net interest income on a fully-taxable equivalent basis of $370,000 due to a decrease in fair value mark accretion on loans and CDs generated in purchase accounting and collection of previously charged-off acquired loans and (ii) a decrease in interest income of $267,000 on a fully-taxable equivalent basis due to the decrease in the federal corporate income tax rate, effective January 1, 2018.

(2) | Presented within increase (decrease) due to rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was a (i) decrease in net interest income on a fully-taxable equivalent basis of $898,000 due to a decrease in fair value mark accretion on loans and CDs generated in purchase accounting and collection of previously charged-off acquired loans and (ii) a decrease in interest income of $791,000 on a fully-taxable equivalent basis due to the decrease in the federal corporate income tax rate, effective January 1, 2018.

Provision for Credit Losses
The provision for credit losses is comprised of the provision for loan losses and the provision for unfunded commitments.
54

The provision for loan losses, which makes up the vast majority of the provision for credit losses, is a recorded expense determined by management that adjusts the ALL to a level that, in management’s best estimate, is necessary to absorb probable losses within the existing loan portfolio. The provision for loan losses reflects loan quality trends, including, among other factors, the levels of and trends related to non-accrual loans, past due loans, potential problem loans, criticized loans, net charge-offs or recoveries and growth in the loan portfolio. Accordingly, the amount of the provision for loan losses reflects the necessary increases in the ALL related to newly identified criticized loans, as well as the actions taken related to other loans including, among other things, any necessary increases or decreases in required allowances for specific loans or loan pools. The provision for loan losses for the three months ended September 30, 2018 was $355,000, compared to $802,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The provision for loan losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $845,000, compared to $2.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The decrease in provision for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to the respective periods last year, reflects the strength of our credits and improvements within our loan portfolio.
The provision for unfunded commitments represents management's estimate of the amount required to reflect the probable inherent losses on outstanding letters and unused lines of credit. The reserve for unfunded commitments was presented within accrued interest and other liabilities on the consolidated statements of condition.
Please refer to “—Financial Condition—Asset Quality” below for additional discussion regarding the ALL and overall asset quality.
Non-Interest Income
The following table presents the components of non-interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Change |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Change
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | $ |  | %
Debit card income |  | $ | 2,173 |  |  | $ | 2,061 |  |  | $ | 112 |  |  | 5 | % |  | $ | 6,228 |  |  | $ | 5,887 |  |  | $ | 341 |  |  | 6 | %
Service charges on deposit accounts |  | 1,910 |  |  | 1,852 |  |  | 58 |  |  | 3 | % |  | 5,679 |  |  | 5,632 |  |  | 47 |  |  | 1 | %
Mortgage banking income, net |  | 1,758 |  |  | 2,076 |  |  | (318 | ) |  | (15 | )% |  | 4,758 |  |  | 5,566 |  |  | (808 | ) |  | (15 | )%
Income from fiduciary services |  | 1,339 |  |  | 1,229 |  |  | 110 |  |  | 9 | % |  | 4,029 |  |  | 3,831 |  |  | 198 |  |  | 5 | %
Brokerage and insurance commissions |  | 615 |  |  | 600 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 3 | % |  | 1,950 |  |  | 1,601 |  |  | 349 |  |  | 22 | %
Bank-owned life insurance |  | 606 |  |  | 603 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — | % |  | 1,823 |  |  | 1,750 |  |  | 73 |  |  | 4 | %
Other service charges and fees |  | 596 |  |  | 589 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 1 | % |  | 1,564 |  |  | 1,558 |  |  | 6 |  |  | — | %
Net gain on sale of securities |  | 664 |  |  | 827 |  |  | (163 | ) |  | (20 | )% |  | 695 |  |  | 827 |  |  | (132 | ) |  | (16 | )%
Other income |  | 731 |  |  | 462 |  |  | 269 |  |  | 58 | % |  | 1,971 |  |  | 2,107 |  |  | (136 | ) |  | (6 | )%
Total non-interest income |  | $ | 10,392 |  |  | $ | 10,299 |  |  | $ | 93 |  |  | 1 | % |  | $ | 28,697 |  |  | $ | 28,759 |  |  | $ | (62 | ) |  | — | %
Non-interest income as a percentage of total revenues(1) |  | 25 | % |  | 26 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 24 | % |  | 25 | % |  |  |  |

(1) Revenue is defined as the sum of net interest income and non-interest income.
Non-Interest Income — Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. The significant changes in non-interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2018, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017 included:

• | A decrease in mortgage banking income primarily due to an unrealized loss of $150,000 resulting from the change in fair value on loans held for sale and related mortgage banking derivatives and a decrease in net gains on mortgage sales of $92,000 as residential mortgage sales for the third quarter of 2018 of $58.4 million decreased $1.5 million compared to the same period last year.

• | A decrease in net gain on sale of securities of $163,000. In the third quarter of 2018, we sold all of our Visa Inc. shares of Class B common stock and recognized a gain of $939,000, and sold certain MBS and CMO investment securities designated as AFS and recognized a loss of $275,000 to partially offset the recognized gain and reinvest the proceeds into similar investments that provide a higher yield, reflecting the current interest rate market.

• | An increase in other income was driven by an increase in fees earned on back-to-back customer loan swaps of $271,000.

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Non-Interest Income — Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. The significant changes in non-interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017, included:

• | An increase in debit card income of $341,000. Upon adoption of the new revenue recognition standard and related standards on January 1, 2018, we began presenting these costs net of debit card income for periods after 2017. The new revenue recognition standard and related standards were adopted on a modified-retrospective basis, and, thus, prior period balances were not restated. Adjusting for presentation differences, debit card income increased $659,000, or 11%, between periods. Refer to Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements for additional discussion.

• | A decrease in mortgage banking income primarily due to an unrealized loss of $510,000 due to the change in fair value on loans held for sale and related mortgage banking derivatives and a decrease in net gains on mortgage sales of $198,000 driven by a 16 basis points decrease in our average gain on sale for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to the same period last year. Total mortgage sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, of $155.6 million increased $4.8 million over the same period last year.

• | An increase in brokerage and insurance commissions was driven by strong production and assets under management growth of 9% to $446.0 million at September 30, 2018 over the prior year.

Non-Interest Expense
The following table presents the components of non-interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Change |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Change
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | $ |  | % |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | $ |  | %
Salaries and employee benefits |  | $ | 13,143 |  |  | $ | 12,145 |  |  | $ | 998 |  |  | 8 | % |  | $ | 38,433 |  |  | $ | 36,240 |  |  | $ | 2,193 |  |  | 6 | %
Furniture, equipment and data processing |  | 2,575 |  |  | 2,429 |  |  | 146 |  |  | 6 | % |  | 7,710 |  |  | 7,204 |  |  | 506 |  |  | 7 | %
Net occupancy costs |  | 1,614 |  |  | 1,599 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 1 | % |  | 5,112 |  |  | 5,234 |  |  | (122 | ) |  | (2 | )%
Consulting and professional fees |  | 958 |  |  | 714 |  |  | 244 |  |  | 34 | % |  | 2,878 |  |  | 2,412 |  |  | 466 |  |  | 19 | %
Debit card expense |  | 833 |  |  | 662 |  |  | 171 |  |  | 26 | % |  | 2,339 |  |  | 2,034 |  |  | 305 |  |  | 15 | %
Regulatory assessments |  | 447 |  |  | 574 |  |  | (127 | ) |  | (22 | )% |  | 1,447 |  |  | 1,607 |  |  | (160 | ) |  | (10 | )%
Amortization of intangible assets |  | 182 |  |  | 473 |  |  | (291 | ) |  | (62 | )% |  | 544 |  |  | 1,417 |  |  | (873 | ) |  | (62 | )%
Other real estate owned and collection costs, net |  | 239 |  |  | 258 |  |  | (19 | ) |  | (7 | )% |  | 565 |  |  | 558 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 1 | %
Other expenses |  | 3,175 |  |  | 2,971 |  |  | 204 |  |  | 7 | % |  | 9,337 |  |  | 8,705 |  |  | 632 |  |  | 7 | %
Total non-interest expense |  | $ | 23,166 |  |  | $ | 21,825 |  |  | $ | 1,341 |  |  | 6 | % |  | $ | 68,365 |  |  | $ | 65,411 |  |  | $ | 2,954 |  |  | 5 | %
Non-GAAP efficiency ratio |  | 57.33 | % |  | 55.72 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 58.14 | % |  | 56.80 | % |  |  |  |

Non-Interest Expense — Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. The significant changes in non-interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2018, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2017, included:

• | An increase in salaries and employee benefits primarily driven by (i) an increase in employee wages and associated employment taxes of $539,000, or 6%, due to normal annual merit increases combined with wage inflation; (ii) an increase in incentives and performance-based awards of $304,000 due to year-to-date performance; and (iii) an increase in employee insurance program costs of $70,000, or 5%.

• | An increase in consulting and professional fees as we engage consultants and legal professionals to assist with various initiatives and matters.

• | A decrease in amortization of intangible assets primarily due to a decrease in core deposit intangible amortization expense of $272,000.

• | An increase in other expenses primarily driven by an increase in training costs of $170,000 and business travel costs of $65,000.

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Non-Interest Expense — Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. The significant changes in non-interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

• | An increase in salaries and employee benefits primarily driven by (i) an increase in employee wages and associated taxes of $1.3 million, or 5%, due to normal annual merit increases and continued wage inflation; (ii) an increase in incentives and performance-based awards of $495,000 due to year-to-date performance; and (iii) an increase in employee insurance program costs of $372,000, or 9%.

• | An increase in furniture, equipment and data processing costs driven by technology investments over the past year driving an increase between periods of $598,000, or 10%, partially offset by lower equipment costs of $91,000.

• | An increase in consulting and professional fees as we engage consultants and legal professionals to assist with various initiatives and matters.

• | A decrease in amortization of intangible assets primarily due to a decrease in core deposit intangible amortization expense of $817,000.

• | An increase in other expenses primarily driven by an increase in training costs of $256,000, external recruiting fees of $247,000 and business travel costs of $120,000.

Income Tax Expense
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, we recorded income tax expense of $3.2 million and $9.2 million, respectively, and our effective tax rate for the periods were 18.7% and 19.1%, respectively, compared to an effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, of 32.6% and 31.5%, respectively. The decrease in our effective tax rate between periods was primarily due to the decrease in the federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, effective for periods beginning on January 1, 2018. We estimate that the net income benefit due to the lower federal income tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, was approximately $2.4 million and $6.8 million, respectively. Our estimated annual effective tax rate for 2018, excluding any discrete period items, is 19.3%. This is a decrease of 0.6% from our previously reported estimate.
At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, net deferred tax assets totaled $25.7 million and $22.8 million, respectively, and we did not carry any valuation allowances on our deferred tax assets as of those dates. We continue to monitor and assess the need for a valuation allowance on our deferred tax assets quarterly in conjunction with our financial reporting.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Investments
We purchase and hold investment securities to diversify our revenues, interest rate and credit risk, and provide for liquidity and funding needs. Our investment securities portfolio is primarily comprised of MBS (pass through securities and CMOs), which accounted for 86% of our total investment securities portfolio at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, followed by municipal bonds and subordinated corporate bonds. Additionally, the Bank holds a minority (less than 5%) equity position in certain bank stocks and also is a member of the FHLBB and FRBB, both of which require holding a certain amount of FHLBB and FRB common stock.
With the exception of our municipal bonds portfolio, we have historically designated our debt investment securities as AFS to provide us greater flexibility in managing our liquidity and funding needs in conjunction with our overall asset/liability management program. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the fair value of debt securities designated as AFS was $780.3 million and $789.9 million, respectively, whereas the carrying value of our municipal bonds designated as HTM was $92.9 million and $94.1 million, respectively. AFS securities are carried at fair value on the consolidated statements of condition with the associated unrealized gains or (losses) recorded in AOCI, net of tax. HTM securities are carried at amortized cost.
Investments in FHLBB and FRB common stock continued to be accounted for and carried at cost. We are required to maintain a level of investment in FHLBB stock based on our level of FHLBB advances, and maintain a level of investment in FRB common stock based on the Bank's capital levels. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, our investment in FHLBB stock totaled $10.7 million and $18.3 million, respectively, and our investment in FRB stock was $5.4 million.
At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, our investment portfolio was 21% and 22%, respectively, of total assets.
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The following table presents the activity within our investments portfolio for the period indicated:

|  | Debt |  | Equity |  |
|  | AFS |  | HTM |  | Total Debt |  | Bank Stock(1) |  | FHLBB and FRB Stock |  | Other |  | Total Equity |  | Total
Carrying value at December 31, 2017 |  | $ | 789,093 |  |  | $ | 94,073 |  |  | $ | 883,166 |  |  | $ | 796 |  |  | $ | 23,670 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 24,476 |  |  | $ | 907,642 |
Purchases |  | 148,842 |  |  | — |  |  | 148,842 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,391 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,391 |  |  | 158,233 |
Sales, carrying value |  | (32,972 | ) |  | — |  |  | (32,972 | ) |  | — |  |  | (16,943 | ) |  | (10 | ) |  | (16,953 | ) |  | (49,925 | )
Principal repayments, maturities and calls |  | (102,552 | ) |  | (750 | ) |  | (103,302 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (103,302 | )
Amortization, net |  | (2,038 | ) |  | (390 | ) |  | (2,428 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,428 | )
Change in unrealized loss |  | (20,030 | ) |  | — |  |  | (20,030 | ) |  | (13 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (13 | ) |  | (20,043 | )
Carrying value at September 30, 2018 |  | $ | 780,343 |  |  | $ | 92,933 |  |  | $ | 873,276 |  |  | $ | 783 |  |  | $ | 16,118 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,901 |  |  | $ | 890,177 |

(1) | Effective January 1, 2018, upon adoption of ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments — Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities ("ASU 2016-01"), equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) are to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. The change in unrealized gain (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 of $11,000 and ($13,000) was presented within other income on the consolidated statements of income. Refer to Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements for additional discussion.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, we had $275,000 and $244,000, respectively, in net losses on the sale of certain MBS and CMO investments that were designated as AFS. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, we had $827,000 in net gains on the sale of certain MBS and CMO investments that were designated as AFS. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we recognized a gain of $195,000 within other income on the consolidated statements of income upon mandatory liquidation of a reinsurance program investment.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, we sold our shares of Visa Inc. Class B common stock, with a carrying value of $441,000, that were presented within other assets on the consolidated statements of condition. The sale resulted in a gain of $938,000 that has been presented within net gain on sale of securities on the consolidated statements of income.
We continuously monitor and evaluate our investment securities portfolio to identify and assess risks within our portfolio, including, but not limited to, the impact of the current rate environment and the related prepayment risk, and review credit ratings. The overall mix of debt securities at September 30, 2018 compared to December 31, 2017 remains relatively unchanged and well positioned to provide a stable source of cash flow. The duration of our debt investment securities portfolio, adjusting for calls when appropriate and consensus prepayment speeds, at September 30, 2018, was 4.1 years as compared to 3.8 years at December 31, 2017. We continue to invest in debt securities with a short period until maturity or call option to limit prepayment risk.
MBS securities are directly impacted by the interest rate environment and the yield curve. A low interest rate environment directly affects the interest income earned on these investments by accelerating prepayments and, consequently, the acceleration of our premium amortization. Additionally, a low rate environment and a flatter yield curve will decrease the yield earned upon reinvestment of the prepayment proceeds back into other MBS securities, impacting our net interest income and margin. As of September 30, 2018, the amount of net premiums on our investment securities to be recognized in future periods totaled $11.0 million, which equated to a weighted-average premium above par of approximately 1%.
Subsequent changes to the interest rate environment will continue to impact our investment yield and net interest income.
We review our investments portfolio quarterly for impairment in accordance with our internal policy. Our assessment includes, but is not limited to, reviewing available financial data, assessing credit rating changes, if any, and consideration of our intent and ability to hold temporarily impaired investment securities until we expect them to recover. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we held debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position totaling $36.3 million and $14.5 million, respectively, that we concluded were temporarily impaired and we have the intent and ability to hold these securities
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until they recover. The decline in the fair value of the debt securities was reflective of current interest rates in excess of the yield received on investments and was not indicative of an overall credit deterioration or other factors within our investment securities portfolio. Refer to Note 4 of the consolidated financial statements for further discussion.
Loans
We provide loans primarily to customers located within our geographic market area. Our primary market continues to be in Maine, making up 79% and 81% of the loan portfolio as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Massachusetts and New Hampshire are our second and third largest markets that we serve, making up 9% and 6%, respectively of our total loan portfolio as of September 30, 2018, compared to 7% and 5%, respectively as of December 31, 2017.
The following table sets forth the composition of our loan portfolio as of the dates indicated:

|  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017 |  | Change
|  |  |  | ($) |  | (%)
Residential real estate |  | $ | 941,488 |  |  | $ | 858,369 |  |  | $ | 83,119 |  |  | 10 | %
Commercial real estate |  | 1,215,979 |  |  | 1,164,023 |  |  | 51,956 |  |  | 4 | %
Commercial |  | 368,837 |  |  | 373,400 |  |  | (4,563 | ) |  | (1 | )%
Consumer and home equity |  | 345,710 |  |  | 341,527 |  |  | 4,183 |  |  | 1 | %
HPFC |  | 36,829 |  |  | 45,120 |  |  | (8,291 | ) |  | (18 | )%
Total loans |  | $ | 2,908,843 |  |  | $ | 2,782,439 |  |  | $ | 126,404 |  |  | 5 | %
Commercial Loan Portfolio |  | $ | 1,621,645 |  |  | $ | 1,582,543 |  |  | $ | 39,102 |  |  | 2 | %
Retail Loan Portfolio |  | $ | 1,287,198 |  |  | $ | 1,199,896 |  |  | $ | 87,302 |  |  | 7 | %
Commercial Portfolio Mix |  | 56 | % |  | 57 | % |  |  |  |
Retail Portfolio Mix |  | 44 | % |  | 43 | % |  |  |  |

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we originated $361.6 million of residential mortgages and sold 46% of the production (including loans designated as held for sale at September 30, 2018), compared to residential mortgage originations of $302.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, and 51% of the production sold during this period (including loans designated as held for sale at September 30, 2017). As we expand our residential mortgage lending teams in Southern Maine and Massachusetts, we are originating more jumbo 1-4 family residential mortgages, including investor-owned 1-4 family residential properties in a first lien position, which are generally held within our loan portfolio.
HPFC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bank that was acquired during the SBM acquisition in October 2015. The HPFC loan portfolio consists of commercial loans to dentists, optometrists and veterinarians, many of which are term loan obligations extended for the purpose of financing working capital and/or purchase of equipment. Collateral may consist of pledges of business assets including, but not limited to, accounts receivable, inventory, and/or equipment. Effective February 2016, HPFC ceased operations and is no longer issuing loans. As such, the HPFC loan portfolio continues to decrease as loan balances are paid down.
At September 30, 2018, the principal balance of loans held for sale totaled $10.2 million, for which an unrealized loss of $30,000 was reported to carry it at fair value on our consolidated statements of condition. At December 31, 2017, the principal balance of loans held for sale totaled $8.1 million, for which an unrealized gain of $37,000 was reported to carry it at fair value on our consolidated statements of condition. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, none of the loans designated as held for sale were delinquent on their payments.
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Asset Quality
Non-Performing Assets. Non-performing assets include non-accrual loans, accruing loans 90 days or more past due, accruing TDRs, and property acquired through foreclosure or repossession. The following table sets forth the make-up and amount of our non-performing assets as of the dates indicated:

|  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Non-accrual loans: |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate |  | $ | 4,720 |  |  | $ | 4,979 |
Commercial real estate |  | 5,517 |  |  | 5,642 |
Commercial |  | 2,402 |  |  | 2,000 |
Consumer and home equity loans |  | 1,647 |  |  | 1,650 |
HPFC |  | 591 |  |  | 1,043 |
Total non-accrual loans |  | 14,877 |  |  | 15,314 |
Accruing loans past due 90 days |  | 14 |  |  | — |
Accruing TDRs not included above |  | 4,039 |  |  | 5,012 |
Total non-performing loans |  | 18,930 |  |  | 20,326 |
Other real estate owned |  | 185 |  |  | 130 |
Total non-performing assets |  | $ | 19,115 |  |  | $ | 20,456 |
Non-accrual loans to total loans |  | 0.51 | % |  | 0.55 | %
Non-performing loans to total loans |  | 0.65 | % |  | 0.73 | %
ALL to non-performing loans |  | 124.28 | % |  | 118.92 | %
Non-performing assets to total assets |  | 0.46 | % |  | 0.50 | %
ALL to non-performing assets |  | 123.08 | % |  | 118.16 | %

Potential Problem Loans. Potential problem loans consist of classified accruing commercial and commercial real estate loans that were between 30 and 89 days past due. Such loans are characterized by weaknesses in the financial condition of borrowers or collateral deficiencies. Based on historical experience, the credit quality of some of these loans may improve due to changes in collateral values or the financial condition of the borrowers, while the credit quality of other loans may deteriorate, resulting in a loss. These loans are not included in the above analysis of non-accrual loans. At September 30, 2018, potential problem loans amounted to $812,000, or 0.03% of total loans.
Past Due Loans. Past due loans consist of accruing loans that were between 30 and 89 days past due. The following table sets forth information concerning the past due loans at the date indicated:

|  | September 30, 2018 |  | December 31, 2017
Accruing loans 30-89 days past due: |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate |  | $ | 3,816 |  |  | $ | 5,277 |
Commercial real estate |  | 574 |  |  | 1,135 |
Commercial |  | 723 |  |  | 518 |
Consumer and home equity loans |  | 902 |  |  | 1,197 |
HPFC |  | 1,078 |  |  | 887 |
Total |  | $ | 7,093 |  |  | $ | 9,014 |
Accruing loans 30-89 days past due to total loans |  | 0.24 | % |  | 0.32 | %

Allowance for Loan Losses. We use a methodology to systematically measure the amount of estimated loan loss exposure inherent in the loan portfolio for purposes of establishing a sufficient ALL. The ALL is management’s best estimate of the probable loan losses as of the balance sheet date. The ALL is increased by provisions charged to earnings and by recoveries of amounts previously charged-off, and is reduced by charge-offs on loans.
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The following table sets forth information concerning the activity in the ALL for the periods indicated:

|  | At or For The Three Months Ended September 30, |  | At or For The Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | At or For The Year Ended December 31, 2017
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
ALL at the beginning of the period |  | $ | 23,668 |  |  | $ | 24,394 |  |  | $ | 24,171 |  |  | $ | 23,116 |  |  | $ | 23,116 |
Provision for loan losses |  | 355 |  |  | 802 |  |  | 845 |  |  | 2,786 |  |  | 3,026 |
Charge-offs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate |  | 115 |  |  | 238 |  |  | 231 |  |  | 433 |  |  | 482 |
Commercial real estate |  | — |  |  | 69 |  |  | 512 |  |  | 81 |  |  | 124 |
Commercial |  | 150 |  |  | 369 |  |  | 448 |  |  | 650 |  |  | 1,014 |
Consumer and home equity |  | 185 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 451 |  |  | 493 |  |  | 558 |
HPFC |  | 209 |  |  | 193 |  |  | 209 |  |  | 274 |  |  | 290 |
Total charge-offs |  | 659 |  |  | 908 |  |  | 1,851 |  |  | 1,931 |  |  | 2,468 |
Recoveries: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate |  | 37 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 52 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 30 |
Commercial real estate |  | 4 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 138 |  |  | 141 |
Commercial |  | 118 |  |  | 59 |  |  | 238 |  |  | 254 |  |  | 301 |
Consumer and home equity |  | 3 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 52 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 19 |
HPFC |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | 6 |
Total recoveries |  | 162 |  |  | 125 |  |  | 361 |  |  | 442 |  |  | 497 |
Net charge-offs |  | 497 |  |  | 783 |  |  | 1,490 |  |  | 1,489 |  |  | 1,971 |
ALL at the end of the period |  | $ | 23,526 |  |  | $ | 24,413 |  |  | $ | 23,526 |  |  | $ | 24,413 |  |  | $ | 24,171 |
Components of allowance for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses |  | $ | 23,526 |  |  | $ | 24,413 |  |  | $ | 23,526 |  |  | $ | 24,413 |  |  | $ | 24,171 |
Liability for unfunded credit commitments |  | 15 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 20 |
Balance of allowance for credit losses at end of the period |  | $ | 23,541 |  |  | $ | 24,435 |  |  | $ | 23,541 |  |  | $ | 24,435 |  |  | $ | 24,191 |
Net charge-offs (annualized) to average loans |  | 0.07 | % |  | 0.11 | % |  | 0.07 | % |  | 0.07 | % |  | 0.07 | %
Provision for loan losses (annualized) to average loans |  | 0.05 | % |  | 0.12 | % |  | 0.04 | % |  | 0.14 | % |  | 0.11 | %
ALL to total loans |  | 0.81 | % |  | 0.89 | % |  | 0.81 | % |  | 0.89 | % |  | 0.87 | %
ALL to net charge-offs (annualized) |  | 1,183.40 | % |  | 779.47 | % |  | 1,184.19 | % |  | 1,229.67 | % |  | 1,226.33 | %

The determination of an appropriate level of ALL, and subsequent provision for loan losses which affects earnings, is based on our analysis of various economic factors and review of the loan portfolio. During our analysis and review, many factors are considered including, but not limited to, loan growth, payoffs of lower quality loans, recoveries on previously charged-off loans, improvement in the financial condition of the borrowers, risk rating downgrades/upgrades and charge-offs. We utilize a comprehensive approach toward determining the ALL, which includes an expanded risk rating system to assist us in identifying the risks being undertaken.
The decrease in the ALL of $645,000, or 3%, since December 31, 2017 to $23.5 million at September 30, 2018 was driven by asset quality improvement. Our non-performing loans to total loans ratio at September 30, 2018 decreased 8 basis points to 0.65% since December 31, 2017, and net charge-offs for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 totaled $1.5 million, or 0.07% of average loans on an annualized basis. We continue to see favorable risk rating migration across our loan portfolio. At September 30, 2018, loans designated as passing and performing were 98.2% of total loans, compared to 97.6% at December 31, 2017.
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We believe the ALL of $23.5 million, or 0.81% of total loans and 124.28% of total non-performing loans, at September 30, 2018 was appropriate given the current economic conditions in our service area and the condition of the loan portfolio. However, if conditions deteriorate the provision will likely increase.
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Deposits and Borrowings. Total deposits at September 30, 2018 increased $220.3 million to $3.2 billion since December 31, 2017, primarily due to demand deposit growth of $85.5 million, or 18%, interest checking growth of $77.4 million, or 9%, and brokered deposits growth of $74.7 million, or 36%. The increase in low-cost deposits balances at September 30, 2018 since December 31, 2017 of $174.2 million, or 8%, was due to the combination of strong organic growth through success across our retail and commercial network, including our treasury management services, as well as the seasonality within our deposit flows across our markets as deposits balances generally reach their peak in the third quarter of each calendar year. Over the same period, total borrowings decreased $132.0 million, or 22%, to $479.5 million as we benefited from solid deposit growth, deposit flows, and the utilization of brokered deposits to replace short-term borrowings. At September 30, 2018, short-term borrowings from correspondent banks were $45.7 million, whereas at December 31, 2017 we had no outstanding borrowings with correspondent banks, and FHLBB short-term borrowings decreased $212.0 million since December 31, 2017, to $85.2 million at September 30, 2018.
Our loan-to-deposit ratio at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, was 90% and 93%, respectively.
Shareholders' Equity. Total shareholders' equity at September 30, 2018 increased $14.1 million to $417.5 million since December 31, 2017. The increase was primarily due to net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, of $39.1 million, partially offset by (i) a $12.8 million decrease in AOCI driven by an increase in our unrealized losses, net of tax, on our AFS investments due to the rising interest rate environment and (ii) dividends declared of $13.3 million, or $0.85 per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
The following table presents certain information regarding shareholders’ equity as of or for the periods indicated:

|  | At or For The Three Months Ended September 30, |  | At or For The Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | At or For The Year Ended December 31, 2017
|  | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2017 |
Return on average assets |  | 1.34 | % |  | 1.12 | % |  | 1.27 | % |  | 1.07 | % |  | 0.71 | %
Return on average equity |  | 13.44 | % |  | 10.93 | % |  | 12.83 | % |  | 10.49 | % |  | 7.00 | %
Average equity to average assets |  | 9.96 | % |  | 10.21 | % |  | 9.92 | % |  | 10.15 | % |  | 10.19 | %
Dividend payout ratio |  | 33.35 | % |  | 31.59 | % |  | 33.95 | % |  | 33.96 | % |  | 51.43 | %
Book value per share |  | $ | 26.79 |  |  | $ | 26.71 |  |  | $ | 26.79 |  |  | $ | 26.71 |  |  | $ | 25.99 |
Dividends declared per share |  | $ | 0.30 |  |  | $ | 0.23 |  |  | $ | 0.85 |  |  | $ | 0.69 |  |  | $ | 0.94 |

Refer to "Capital Resources" and Note 6 of the consolidated financial statements for further discussion of the Company and Bank's capital resources and regulatory capital requirements.
LIQUIDITY
Our liquidity needs require the availability of cash to meet the withdrawal demands of depositors and credit commitments to borrowers. The primary objective of liquidity management is to maintain a balance between sources and uses of funds to meet our cash flow needs in the most economical and expedient manner. Due to the potential for unexpected fluctuations in both deposits and loans, active management of liquidity is necessary. We maintain various sources of funding and levels of liquid assets in excess of regulatory guidelines in order to satisfy various liquidity requirements. We monitor liquidity in accordance with internal guidelines and all applicable regulatory requirements. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, our level of liquidity exceeded target levels. We believe that we currently have appropriate liquidity available to respond to liquidity demands. Sources of funds that we utilize consist of deposits; borrowings from the FHLBB and other sources; cash flows from operations; prepayments and maturities of outstanding loans, investments and mortgage-backed securities; and the sale of mortgage loans.
Deposits continue to represent our primary source of funds. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, average deposits (excluding brokered deposits) of $2.8 billion increased $225.9 million, or 9%, compared to the same period last year. Average core deposits (demand, interest checking, savings and money market) of $2.3 billion for the nine months ended
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September 30, 2018 increased $208.8 million, or 10%, compared to the same period a year ago. Included within our money market deposits at September 30, 2018, were $45.8 million of deposits from Camden National Wealth Management, our wealth management and trust department, which represents client funds. These deposits fluctuate with changes in the portfolios of its clients.
Borrowings are used to supplement deposits as a source of liquidity. In addition to borrowings and advances from the FHLBB, we utilize brokered deposits, purchase federal funds, and sell securities under agreements to repurchase. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, average total borrowings (including brokered deposits) decreased $107.0 million to $854.5 million compared to the same period last year. We secure borrowings from the FHLBB, whose advances remain the largest non-deposit-related funding source, with qualified residential real estate loans, certain investment securities and certain other assets available to be pledged. Customer repurchase agreements are secured by mortgage-backed securities and government-sponsored enterprises. Through the Bank, we have available lines of credit with the FHLBB of $9.9 million, with PNC Bank of $50.0 million, and with the FRB Discount Window of $103.3 million as of September 30, 2018. The Company also has a $10.0 million line of credit with a maturity date of December 20, 2018. At September 30, 2018, the Bank had $45.7 million outstanding with PNC Bank.
We believe our investment and residential loan portfolio provide a significant amount of contingent liquidity that could be accessed in a reasonable time period through sales of those portfolios. We also believe that we have additional untapped access to the brokered deposit market, the wholesale reverse repurchase transaction market and the FRB discount window. These sources are considered as liquidity alternatives in our contingent liquidity plan. We believe that the level of liquidity is sufficient to meet current and future funding requirements; however, changes in economic conditions, including consumer saving habits and the availability or access to the national brokered deposit and wholesale repurchase markets, could significantly impact our liquidity position.
CAPITAL RESOURCES
As part of our goal to operate a safe, sound and profitable financial organization, we are committed to maintaining a strong capital base. Shareholders’ equity totaled $417.5 million and $403.4 million at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, which amounted to 10% of total assets. Refer to "— Financial Condition — Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity" for discussion regarding changes in shareholders' equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.
Our principal cash requirement is the payment of dividends on our common stock, when and as declared by the Board of Directors. We declared dividends to shareholders in the aggregate amount of $13.3 million and $10.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company's Board of Directors approved cash dividends of $0.85 per share, compared to $0.69 per share for the same period last year representing an increase in dividends declared of $2.5 million, or 24%. Our Directors approve cash dividends on a quarterly basis after careful analysis and consideration of various factors, including the following: (i) capital position relative to total assets, (ii) risk-based assets, (iii) total classified assets, (iv) economic conditions, (v) growth rates for total assets and total liabilities, (vi) earnings performance and projections and (vii) strategic initiatives and related capital requirements. All dividends declared and distributed by the Company have been and will be in compliance with applicable state corporate law and regulatory requirements.
We are primarily dependent upon the payment of cash dividends by the Bank, our wholly-owned subsidiary, to service our commitments. We are entitled to dividends, when and as declared by the Bank's Board of Directors from legally available funds. The Bank declared dividends to the Company in the aggregate amount of $20.7 million and $16.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Under regulations prescribed by the OCC, without prior OCC approval, the Bank may not declare dividends in any year in excess of the Bank’s net income for the current year plus its retained net income for the prior two years. If we are required to use dividends from the Bank to service unforeseen commitments in the future, we may be required to reduce the dividends paid to our shareholders going forward.
Please refer to Note 6 of the consolidated financial statements for discussion and details of the Company and Bank's regulatory capital requirements. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company and Bank exceeded all regulatory capital requirements, and the Bank continues to be classified as "well capitalized" under applicable prompt corrective action provisions.
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CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND OFF-BALANCE SHEET COMMITMENTS
Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments
Credit Commitments. In the normal course of business, we are a party to credit related financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk, which are not reflected in the consolidated statements of condition. These financial instruments include lending commitments and letters of credit. Those instruments involve varying degrees of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated statements of condition. We follow the same credit policies in making commitments to extend credit and conditional obligations as we do for on-balance sheet instruments, including requiring similar collateral or other security to support financial instruments with credit risk. Our exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the customer is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total amount does not necessarily represent future cash requirements.
Derivatives. We use derivative financial instruments for risk management purposes (primarily interest rate risk) and not for trading or speculative purposes. We control the credit risk of these instruments through collateral, credit approvals and monitoring procedures. Additionally, as part of our normal mortgage origination process, we provide the borrower with the option to lock their interest rate based on current market prices. During the period from commitment date to the loan closing date, we are subject to the risk of interest rate change. In an effort to mitigate such risk, we may enter into forward delivery sales commitments, typically on a best-efforts basis, with certain approved investors. We account for the Company's interest rate lock commitments within the normal origination process on loans for which we intend to sell as a derivative instrument. Furthermore, we record a derivative for our best-effort forward delivery commitments upon origination of a loan identified as held for sale. Should we enter into a forward delivery commitment on a mandatory delivery arrangement with an investor the Company accounts for the forward delivery commitment upon execution of the contract.
Hedge Instruments. From time to time, we may enter into derivative instruments as partial hedges against large fluctuations in interest rates. We may also enter into fixed-rate interest rate swaps and floor instruments to partially hedge against potentially lower yields on the variable prime rate loan category in a declining rate environment. If interest rates were to decline, resulting in reduced income on the adjustable rate loans, there would be an increased income flow from the interest rate swap and floor instrument. We may also enter into variable rate interest rate swaps and cap instruments to partially hedge against increases in short-term borrowing rates. If interest rates were to rise, resulting in an increased interest cost, there would be an increased income flow from the interest rate swaps and cap instruments. These financial instruments are factored into our overall interest rate risk position. We regularly review the credit quality of the counterparty from which the instruments have been purchased.
Refer to Note 12 of the consolidated financial statements for additional details.
At September 30, 2018, we had the following levels of off-balance sheet financial instruments:

|  | Total Amount |  | Commitment Expires in:
Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments |  | Committed |  | <1 Year |  | 1 – 3 Years |  | 4 – 5 Years |  | >5 Years
Home equity line of credit commitments |  | $ | 495,086 |  |  | $ | 195,573 |  |  | $ | 49,532 |  |  | $ | 11,458 |  |  | $ | 238,523 |
Commercial commitment letters |  | 29,443 |  |  | 29,443 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Residential loan origination |  | 44,624 |  |  | 44,624 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Letters of credit |  | 2,676 |  |  | 2,676 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other commitments to extend credit |  | 2,478 |  |  | 2,478 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Customer loan swaps - notional value |  | 793,212 |  |  | — |  |  | 95,119 |  |  | 96,585 |  |  | 601,508 |
FHLBB advance interest rate swaps - notional value |  | 25,000 |  |  | 25,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Junior subordinated debt interest rate swaps - notional value |  | 43,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 33,000 |
Fixed-rate mortgage interest rate lock commitments - notional value |  | 23,519 |  |  | 23,519 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Forward delivery commitments - notional value |  | 10,188 |  |  | 10,188 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 1,469,226 |  |  | $ | 333,501 |  |  | $ | 154,651 |  |  | $ | 108,043 |  |  | $ | 873,031 |

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Contractual Obligations and Commitments
We are a party to several contractual obligations through lease agreements on a number of branches. Our operating leases represent off-balance sheet arrangements, while our one capital lease is reflected on our consolidated statements of condition.
We enter into agreements routinely as part of our normal business to manage deposits and borrowings.
At September 30, 2018, we had an obligation and commitment to make future payments under each of these contracts as follows:

|  | Total Amount |  | Payments Due per Period
Contractual obligations and commitments |  | of Obligations |  | <1 Year |  | 1 – 3 Years |  | 4 – 5 Years |  | >5 Years
Operating leases |  | $ | 5,325 |  |  | $ | 1,414 |  |  | $ | 1,735 |  |  | $ | 934 |  |  | $ | 1,242 |
Capital leases |  | 969 |  |  | 126 |  |  | 255 |  |  | 262 |  |  | 326 |
Correspondent bank borrowings - overnight |  | 45,745 |  |  | 45,745 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
FHLBB borrowings - overnight |  | 10,200 |  |  | 10,200 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
FHLBB advances less than 90 days |  | 75,000 |  |  | 75,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
FHLBB advances - other |  | 10,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Retail repurchase agreements |  | 278,787 |  |  | 278,787 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Junior subordinated debentures |  | 44,331 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 44,331 |
Subordinated debentures |  | 15,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,000 |
Other contractual obligations |  | 1,899 |  |  | 1,899 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 487,256 |  |  | $ | 413,171 |  |  | $ | 11,990 |  |  | $ | 1,196 |  |  | $ | 60,899 |

Borrowings from the FHLBB consist of short- and long-term fixed and variable rate borrowings that are collateralized by all stock in the FHLBB and a blanket lien on qualified collateral consisting primarily of loans with first mortgages secured by one-to four-family properties, certain pledged investment securities and other qualified assets.
We have an obligation and commitment to repay all short- and long-term borrowings. These commitments and borrowings and the related payments are made during the normal course of business.
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
MARKET RISK
Market risk is the risk of loss in a financial instrument arising from adverse changes in market rates/prices, such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and equity prices. Our primary market risk exposure is interest rate risk. The ongoing monitoring and management of this risk is an important component of our asset and liability management process, which is governed by policies established by the Bank’s Board of Directors that are reviewed and approved annually. The Board ALCO delegates responsibility for carrying out the asset/liability management policies to Management ALCO. In this capacity, Management ALCO develops guidelines and strategies impacting our asset/liability management-related activities based upon estimated market risk sensitivity, policy limits and overall market interest rate levels/trends. Management ALCO and Board ALCO jointly meet on a quarterly basis to review strategies, policies, economic conditions and various activities as part of the management of these risks.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk represents the sensitivity of earnings to changes in market interest rates. As interest rates change, the interest income and expense streams associated with our financial instruments also change, thereby impacting net interest income, the primary component of our earnings. Board ALCO and Management ALCO utilize the results of a detailed and dynamic simulation model to quantify the estimated exposure of net interest income to sustained interest rate changes. While Board ALCO and Management ALCO routinely monitor simulated net interest income sensitivity over a rolling two-year horizon, they also utilize additional tools to monitor potential longer-term interest rate risk.
The simulation model captures the impact of changing interest rates on the interest income received and interest expense paid on all interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities reflected on our consolidated statements of condition, as well as for derivative financial instruments. This sensitivity analysis is compared to ALCO policy limits, which specify a maximum tolerance level for net interest income exposure over a one- and two-year horizon, assuming no balance sheet growth, given a 200 basis point upward and downward shift in interest rates. Although our policy specifies a downward shift of 200 basis points, this would results in negative rates as many deposit and funding rates are now below 2.00%. Our current downward shift is 100 basis points. A parallel and pro rata shift in rates over a 12-month period is assumed. Using this approach, we are able to produce simulation results that illustrate the effect that both a gradual change of rates and a “rate shock” have on earnings expectations.
As of September 30, 2018 and 2017, our net interest income sensitivity analysis reflected the following changes to net interest income assuming no balance sheet growth and a parallel shift in interest rates. All rate changes were “ramped” over the first 12-month period and then maintained at those levels over the remainder of the ALCO simulation horizon.

|  | Estimated Changes In Net Interest Income
Rate Change from Year 1 — Base |  | September 30, 2018 |  | September 30, 2017
Year 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
+200 basis points |  | 0.68 | % |  | 0.30 | %
-100 basis points |  | (0.98 | )% |  | (2.69 | )%
Year 2 |  |  |  |
+200 basis points |  | 8.71 | % |  | 7.08 | %
-100 basis points |  | (1.59 | )% |  | (8.20 | )%

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The preceding sensitivity analysis does not represent a forecast and should not be relied upon as being indicative of expected operating results. These hypothetical estimates are based upon numerous assumptions including, among others, the nature and timing of interest rate levels, yield curve shape, prepayments on loans and securities, deposit decay rates, pricing decisions on loans and deposits and reinvestment/replacement of asset and liability cash flows. While assumptions are developed based upon current economic and local market conditions, we cannot make any assurances as to the predictive nature of these assumptions, including how customer preferences or competitor influences might change.
If rates remain at or near current levels, net interest income is projected to increase slightly as loan rates reprice up to current rates and the cost of funds remains relatively unchanged. Beyond the first year, net interest income increases slightly. If rates decrease 100 basis points, net interest income is projected to decrease as loans reprice into lower yields and funding costs have limited capacity to reduce the cost of funds in the first year. In the second year, net interest income is projected to continue to decrease as loans and investment cash flow reprice into lower yields as prepayments increase while reduction in the cost of funds becomes limited. If rates increase 200 basis points, net interest income is projected to increase slightly in the first year due to the repricing of assets outpacing that of liabilities. In the second year, net interest income is projected to continue to increase as loan and investment yields continue to reprice/reset into higher yields and the cost of funds lags.
Periodically, if deemed appropriate, we use interest rate swaps, floors and caps, which are common derivative financial instruments, to hedge our interest rate risk position. The Board of Directors has approved hedging policy statements governing the use of these instruments. As of September 30, 2018, we had $43.0 million notional principal amount of interest rate swap agreements related to the junior subordinated debentures, $25.0 million notional principal amount of interest swap agreements related to our FHLBB 30-day funding and $396.6 million notional principal amount of interest rate swap agreements related to our commercial loan level derivative program. The Board and Management ALCO monitor derivative activities relative to their expectations and our hedging policies.
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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), the Company’s management conducted an evaluation with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial & Accounting Officer), regarding the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the last fiscal quarter covered by this report. In designing and evaluating the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, the Company and its management recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only a reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating and implementing possible controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial & Accounting Officer) concluded that they believe the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.
There was no change in the internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to pending and threatened legal actions. Although the Company is not able to predict the outcome of such actions, after reviewing pending and threatened actions with counsel, management believes that based on the information currently available the outcome of such actions, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position as a whole.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
There have been no material changes to the Company's Risk Factors described in Item 1A. of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
(a) None.
(b) None.
(c) None.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit No. |  | Definition
31.1* |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
31.2* |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer, Principal Financial & Accounting Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
32.1** |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2** |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer, Principal Financial & Accounting Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101* |  | XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language). The following materials from Camden National Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2018, formatted in XBRL: (i) Consolidated Statements of Condition - September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity - Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017; (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017; and (vi) Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
* |  | Filed herewith.
** |  | Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

CAMDEN NATIONAL CORPORATION
(Registrant)
/s/ Gregory A. Dufour |  | November 2, 2018
Gregory A. Dufour |  | Date
President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |  |
/s/ Deborah A. Jordan |  | November 2, 2018
Deborah A. Jordan |  | Date
Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer and |  |
Principal Financial & Accounting Officer |  |

71