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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

The composition of the Company’s loan portfolio, excluding residential loans held for sale, was as follows for the dates indicated:
 
December 31,
  
2018
 
2017
Residential real estate loans
$
992,866

 
$
858,369

Commercial real estate loans
1,269,533

 
1,164,023

Commercial loans
381,780

 
373,400

Home equity loans
327,763

 
323,378

Consumer loans
20,624

 
18,149

HPFC
33,656

 
45,120

Total loans
$
3,026,222

 
$
2,782,439



The loan balances for each portfolio segment presented above are net of their respective unamortized fair value mark discount on acquired loans and net of unamortized loan origination costs totaling:
 
 
December 31,
 
 
2018
 
2017
Net unamortized fair value mark discount on acquired loans
 
$
3,936

 
$
6,207

Net unamortized loan origination costs
 
(1,865
)
 
(963
)
Total
 
$
2,071

 
$
5,244



The Bank’s lending activities are primarily conducted in Maine, but also include loan production offices in Massachusetts and New Hampshire. The Company originates single family and multi-family residential loans, commercial real estate loans, business loans, municipal loans and a variety of consumer loans. In addition, the Company makes loans for the construction of residential homes, multi-family properties and commercial real estate properties. The ability and willingness of borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is generally dependent on the level of overall economic activity within the geographic area and the general economy.

The HPFC loan portfolio consists of niche commercial lending to the small business medical field, including dentists, optometrists and veterinarians across the U.S. The ability and willingness of borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is generally dependent on the success of the borrower's business. In 2016, the Company closed HPFC's operations and is no longer originating HPFC loans.

The Bank, in the normal course of business, has made loans to certain officers, directors and their associated companies, under terms that are consistent with the Company’s lending policies and regulatory requirements. At December 31, 2018 and 2017, outstanding loans to certain officers, directors and their associated companies was less than 5% of the Company's shareholders' equity.

The ALL is management’s best estimate of the inherent risk of loss in the Company’s loan portfolio as of the consolidated statement of condition date. Management makes various assumptions and judgments about the collectability of the loan portfolio and provides an allowance for potential losses based on a number of factors including historical losses. If those assumptions are incorrect, the ALL may not be sufficient to cover losses and may cause an increase in the allowance in the future. Among the factors that could affect the Company’s ability to collect loans and require an increase to the allowance in the future are: (i) financial condition of borrowers; (ii) real estate market changes; (iii) state, regional, and national economic conditions; and (iv) a requirement by federal and state regulators to increase the provision for loan losses or recognize additional charge-offs.

The Board of Directors monitors credit risk through the Directors' Loan Review Committee, which reviews large credit exposures, monitors external loan reviews, reviews the lending authority for individual loan officers when required, and has approval authority and responsibility for all matters regarding the loan policy and other credit-related policies, including reviewing and monitoring asset quality trends, concentration levels, and the ALL methodology. Credit Risk Administration and the Credit Risk Policy Committee oversee the Company's systems and procedures to monitor the credit quality of its loan portfolio, conduct a loan review program, maintain the integrity of the loan rating system, determine the adequacy of the ALL and support the oversight efforts of the Directors' Loan Review Committee and the Board of Directors. The Company's practice is to proactively manage the portfolio such that management can identify problem credits early, assess and implement effective work-out strategies, and take charge-offs as promptly as practical. In addition, the Company continuously reassesses its underwriting standards in response to credit risk posed by changes in economic conditions.

The Company completed its annual ALL policy review in the fourth quarter of 2018, and no significant changes to its ALL methodology were made.

For purposes of determining the ALL, the Company disaggregates its loans into portfolio segments, which include residential real estate, commercial real estate, commercial, home equity, consumer and HPFC. Each portfolio segment possesses unique risk characteristics that are considered when determining the appropriate level of allowance. These risk characteristics unique to each portfolio segment include:

Residential Real Estate. Residential real estate loans held in the Company's loan portfolio are made to borrowers who demonstrate the ability to make scheduled payments with full consideration to underwriting factors. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income requirements and combined loan-to-value ratios within established policy guidelines. Collateral consists of mortgage liens on one- to four-family residences, including for investment purposes.

Commercial Real Estate. Commercial real estate loans consist of mortgage loans to finance investments in real property such as multi-family residential, commercial/retail, office, industrial, hotels, educational, health care facilities and other specific use properties. Commercial real estate loans are typically written with amortizing payment structures. Collateral values are determined based upon appraisals and evaluations in accordance with established policy guidelines. Loan-to-value ratios at origination are governed by established policy and regulatory guidelines. Commercial real estate loans are primarily paid by the cash flow generated from the real property, such as operating leases, rents, or other operating cash flows from the borrower.

Commercial. Commercial loans consist of revolving and term loan obligations extended to business and corporate enterprises for the purpose of financing working capital and/or capital investment. Collateral generally consists of pledges of business assets including, but not limited to, accounts receivable, inventory, plant and equipment, and/or real estate, if applicable. Commercial loans are primarily paid by the operating cash flow of the borrower. Commercial loans may be secured or unsecured.

Home Equity. Home equity loans and lines are made to qualified individuals for legitimate purposes secured by senior or junior mortgage liens on owner-occupied one- to four-family homes, condominiums, or vacation homes. The home equity loan has a fixed rate and is billed as equal payments comprised of principal and interest. The home equity line of credit has a variable rate and is billed as interest-only payments during the draw period. At the end of the draw period, the home equity line of credit is billed as a percentage of the principal balance plus all accrued interest. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income requirements and combined loan-to-value ratios within established policy guidelines.

Consumer. Consumer loan products including personal lines of credit and amortizing loans made to qualified individuals for various purposes such as education, auto loans, debt consolidation, personal expenses or overdraft protection. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income and collateral requirements within established policy guidelines. Consumer loans may be secured or unsecured.

HPFC. Prior to the Company's closing of HPFC's operations in 2016, it provided commercial lending to dentists, optometrists and veterinarians, many of which were start-up companies. HPFC's loan portfolio consists of term loan obligations extended for the purpose of financing working capital and/or purchase of equipment. Collateral consists of pledges of business assets including, but not limited to, accounts receivable, inventory, and/or equipment. These loans are primarily paid by the operating cash flow of the borrower and the original terms ranged from seven to ten years.

The following table presents the activity in the ALL and select loan information by portfolio segment at or for the periods indicated:
 
Residential Real Estate
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Commercial
 
Home
Equity
 
Consumer
 
HPFC
 
Total
At or For The Year Ended
  December 31, 2018:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALL:
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
 
 
  

Beginning balance
$
5,086

 
$
11,863

 
$
4,171

 
$
2,367

 
$
233

 
$
451

 
$
24,171

Loans charged off
(173
)
 
(512
)
 
(736
)
 
(476
)
 
(96
)
 
(255
)
 
(2,248
)
Recoveries
90

 
28

 
1,770

 
44

 
11

 
1

 
1,944

Provision (credit)(1)
1,068

 
275

 
(1,585
)
 
861

 
86

 
140

 
845

Ending balance
$
6,071

 
$
11,654

 
$
3,620

 
$
2,796

 
$
234

 
$
337

 
$
24,712

ALL balance attributable loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
586

 
$
23

 
$
53

 
$
162

 
$

 
$

 
$
824

Collectively evaluated for impairment
5,485

 
11,631

 
3,567

 
2,634

 
234

 
337

 
23,888

Total ending ALL
$
6,071

 
$
11,654

 
$
3,620

 
$
2,796

 
$
234

 
$
337

 
$
24,712

Loans:
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
 
 
  

Individually evaluated for impairment
$
4,762

 
$
930

 
$
786

 
$
442

 
$
6

 
$

 
$
6,926

Collectively evaluated for impairment
988,104

 
1,268,603

 
380,994

 
327,321

 
20,618

 
33,656

 
3,019,296

Total loan balances
$
992,866

 
$
1,269,533

 
$
381,780

 
$
327,763

 
$
20,624

 
$
33,656

 
$
3,026,222

At or For The Year Ended
  December 31, 2017:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALL:
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
 
 
  

Beginning balance
$
4,160

 
$
12,154

 
$
3,755

 
$
2,194

 
$
181

 
$
672

 
$
23,116

Loans charged off
(482
)
 
(124
)
 
(1,014
)
 
(434
)
 
(124
)
 
(290
)
 
(2,468
)
Recoveries
30

 
141

 
301

 
2

 
17

 
6

 
497

Provision (credit)(1)
1,378

 
(308
)
 
1,129

 
605

 
159

 
63

 
3,026

Ending balance
$
5,086

 
$
11,863

 
$
4,171

 
$
2,367

 
$
233

 
$
451

 
$
24,171

ALL balance attributable loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
568

 
$
1,441

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
2,009

Collectively evaluated for impairment
4,518

 
10,422

 
4,171

 
2,367

 
233

 
451

 
22,162

Total ending ALL
$
5,086

 
$
11,863

 
$
4,171

 
$
2,367

 
$
233

 
$
451

 
$
24,171

Loans:
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
 
 
  

Individually evaluated for impairment
$
5,171

 
$
6,199

 
$
1,791

 
$
429

 
$

 
$

 
$
13,590

Collectively evaluated for impairment
853,198

 
1,157,824

 
371,609

 
322,949

 
18,149

 
45,120

 
2,768,849

Total loan balances
$
858,369

 
$
1,164,023

 
$
373,400

 
$
323,378

 
$
18,149

 
$
45,120

 
$
2,782,439

 
Residential Real Estate
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Commercial
 
Home
Equity
 
Consumer
 
HPFC
 
Total
At or For The Year Ended
  December 31, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALL:
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
 
 
  

Beginning balance
$
4,545

 
$
10,432

 
$
3,241

 
$
2,731

 
$
193

 
$
24

 
$
21,166

Loans charged off
(356
)
 
(315
)
 
(2,218
)
 
(308
)
 
(101
)
 
(507
)
 
(3,805
)
Recoveries
95

 
50

 
332

 
2

 
7

 

 
486

Provision (credit)(1)
(124
)
 
1,987

 
2,400

 
(231
)
 
82

 
1,155

 
5,269

Ending balance
$
4,160

 
$
12,154

 
$
3,755

 
$
2,194

 
$
181

 
$
672

 
$
23,116

ALL balance attributable loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
483

 
$
1,373

 
$

 
$
86

 
$

 
$
65

 
$
2,007

Collectively evaluated for impairment
3,677

 
10,781

 
3,755

 
2,108

 
181

 
607

 
21,109

Total ending ALL
$
4,160

 
$
12,154

 
$
3,755

 
$
2,194

 
$
181

 
$
672

 
$
23,116

Loans:
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
 
 
  

Individually evaluated for impairment
$
4,348

 
$
13,317

 
$
2,028

 
$
457

 
$
7

 
$
97

 
$
20,254

Collectively evaluated for impairment
798,146

 
1,037,463

 
331,611

 
329,450

 
17,325

 
60,315

 
2,574,310

Total loan balances
$
802,494

 
$
1,050,780

 
$
333,639

 
$
329,907

 
$
17,332

 
$
60,412

 
$
2,594,564


(1)
The provision (credit) for loan losses excludes any impact for the change in the reserve for unfunded commitments, which represents management's estimate of the amount required to reflect the probable inherent losses on outstanding letters of credit and unused lines of credit. The reserve for unfunded commitments was presented within accrued interest and other liabilities on the consolidated statements of condition. At December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016, the reserve for unfunded commitments was $22,000, $20,000 and $11,000, respectively.

The following table reconciles the provision for loan losses to the provision for credit losses as presented on the consolidated statement of income for the periods indicated:
 
For the Year Ended
December 31,
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Provision for loan losses
$
845

 
$
3,026

 
$
5,269

Change in reserve for unfunded commitments
2

 
9

 
(11
)
Provision for credit losses
$
847

 
$
3,035

 
$
5,258



The Company focuses on maintaining a well-balanced and diversified loan portfolio. Despite such efforts, it is recognized that credit concentrations may occasionally emerge as a result of economic conditions, changes in local demand, natural loan growth and runoff. To ensure that credit concentrations can be effectively identified, all commercial and commercial real estate loans are assigned Standard Industrial Classification codes, North American Industry Classification System codes, and state and county codes. Shifts in portfolio concentrations are monitored by the Company's Credit Risk Administration. As of December 31, 2018, the Company's total exposure to the lessors of nonresidential buildings' industry was 11% of total loans and 26% of total commercial real estate loans. There were no other industry concentrations exceeding 10% of the Company's total loan portfolio as of December 31, 2018.

 To further identify loans with similar risk profiles, the Company categorizes each portfolio segment into classes by credit risk characteristic and applies a credit quality indicator to each portfolio segment. The indicators for commercial, commercial real estate, residential real estate, and HPFC loans are represented by Grades 1 through 10 as outlined below. In general, risk ratings are adjusted periodically throughout the year as updated analysis and review warrants. This process may include, but is not limited to, annual credit and loan reviews, periodic reviews of loan performance metrics, such as delinquency rates, and quarterly reviews of adversely risk rated loans. The Company uses the following definitions when assessing grades for the purpose of evaluating the risk and adequacy of the ALL:

Grade 1 through 6 — Grades 1 through 6 represent groups of loans that are not subject to adverse criticism as defined in regulatory guidance. Loans in these groups exhibit characteristics that represent low to moderate risks, which is measured using a variety of credit risk criteria, such as cash flow coverage, debt service coverage, balance sheet leverage, liquidity, management experience, industry position, prevailing economic conditions, support from secondary sources of repayment and other credit factors that may be relevant to a specific loan. In general, these loans are supported by properly margined collateral and guarantees of principal parties.
Grade 7 — Loans with potential weakness (Special Mention). Loans in this category are currently protected based on collateral and repayment capacity and do not constitute undesirable credit risk, but have potential weakness that may result in deterioration of the repayment process at some future date. This classification is used if a negative trend is evident in the obligor’s financial situation. Special mention loans do not sufficiently expose the Company to warrant adverse classification.
Grade 8 — Loans with definite weakness (Substandard). Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by collateral pledged. Borrowers experience difficulty in meeting debt repayment requirements. Deterioration is sufficient to cause the Company to look to the sale of collateral.
Grade 9 — Loans with potential loss (Doubtful). Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in the substandard grade with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation of the loan in full highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of some loss is extremely high, but because of specific pending factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the asset, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined.
Grade 10 — Loans with definite loss (Loss). Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible. The loss classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the asset because recovery and collection time may be protracted.

Asset quality indicators are periodically reassessed to appropriately reflect the risk composition of the Company’s loan portfolio. Home equity and consumer loans are not individually risk rated, but rather analyzed as groups taking into account delinquency rates and other economic conditions which may affect the ability of borrowers to meet debt service requirements, including interest rates and energy costs. Performing loans include loans that are current and loans that are past due less than 90 days. Loans that are past due over 90 days and non-accrual loans, including TDRs, are considered non-performing.

The following table summarizes credit risk exposure indicators by portfolio segment as of the following dates:
 
 
Residential Real Estate
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
Commercial
 
Home Equity
 
Consumer
 
HPFC
 
Total
December 31, 2018:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pass (Grades 1 – 6)
 
$
983,086

 
$
1,247,190

 
$
374,429

 
$

 
$

 
$
32,261

 
$
2,636,966

Performing
 

 

 

 
325,917

 
20,595

 

 
346,512

Special Mention (Grade 7)
 
887

 
7,921

 
3,688

 

 

 
123

 
12,619

Substandard (Grade 8)
 
8,893

 
14,422

 
3,663

 

 

 
1,272

 
28,250

Non-performing
 

 

 

 
1,846

 
29

 

 
1,875

Total
 
$
992,866

 
$
1,269,533

 
$
381,780

 
$
327,763

 
$
20,624

 
$
33,656

 
$
3,026,222

December 31, 2017:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pass (Grades 1 – 6)
 
$
846,394

 
$
1,130,235

 
$
354,904

 
$

 
$

 
$
43,049

 
$
2,374,582

Performing
 

 

 

 
321,727

 
18,149

 

 
339,876

Special Mention (Grade 7)
 
922

 
9,154

 
12,517

 

 

 
191

 
22,784

Substandard (Grade 8)
 
11,053

 
24,634

 
5,979

 

 

 
1,880

 
43,546

Non-performing
 

 

 

 
1,651

 

 

 
1,651

Total
 
$
858,369

 
$
1,164,023

 
$
373,400

 
$
323,378

 
$
18,149

 
$
45,120

 
$
2,782,439


The Company closely monitors the performance of its loan portfolio. A loan is placed on non-accrual status when the financial condition of the borrower is deteriorating, payment in full of both principal and interest is not expected as scheduled or principal or interest has been in default for 90 days or more. Exceptions may be made if the asset is well-secured by collateral sufficient to satisfy both the principal and accrued interest in full and collection is reasonably assured. When one loan to a borrower is placed on non-accrual status, all other loans to the borrower are re-evaluated to determine if they should also be placed on non-accrual status. All previously accrued and unpaid interest is reversed at this time. A loan will return to accrual status when collection of principal and interest is assured and the borrower has demonstrated timely payments of principal and interest for a reasonable period. Unsecured loans, however, are not normally placed on non-accrual status because they are charged-off once their collectability is in doubt.

The following is a loan aging analysis by portfolio segment (including loans past due over 90 days and non-accrual loans) and a summary of non-accrual loans, which include TDRs, and loans past due over 90 days and accruing as of the following dates:
 
30 –  59 Days Past Due
 
60 – 89 Days Past Due
 
Greater Than 90 Days
 
Total Past Due
 
Current
 
Total Loans Outstanding
 
Loans > 90 Days Past Due and Accruing
 
Non-Accrual Loans
December 31, 2018:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential real estate
$
3,300

 
$
2,046

 
$
4,520

 
$
9,866

 
$
983,000

 
$
992,866

 
$

 
$
5,492

Commercial real estate
1,794

 
369

 
1,108

 
3,271

 
1,266,262

 
1,269,533

 

 
1,380

Commercial
150

 
19

 
799

 
968

 
380,812

 
381,780

 

 
1,279

Home equity
907

 
607

 
1,476

 
2,990

 
324,773

 
327,763

 

 
1,846

Consumer
67

 
15

 
29

 
111

 
20,513

 
20,624

 
14

 
15

HPFC

 
183

 
423

 
606

 
33,050

 
33,656

 

 
518

Total
$
6,218

 
$
3,239

 
$
8,355

 
$
17,812

 
$
3,008,410

 
$
3,026,222

 
$
14

 
$
10,530

December 31, 2017:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential real estate
$
3,871

 
$
1,585

 
$
4,021

 
$
9,477

 
$
848,892

 
$
858,369

 
$

 
$
4,979

Commercial real estate
849

 
323

 
5,528

 
6,700

 
1,157,323

 
1,164,023

 

 
5,642

Commercial
329

 
359

 
1,535

 
2,223

 
371,177

 
373,400

 

 
2,000

Home equity
1,046

 
173

 
1,329

 
2,548

 
320,830

 
323,378

 

 
1,650

Consumer
57

 
10

 

 
67

 
18,082

 
18,149

 

 

HPFC
139

 
1,372

 
419

 
1,930

 
43,190

 
45,120

 

 
1,043

Total
$
6,291

 
$
3,822

 
$
12,832

 
$
22,945

 
$
2,759,494

 
$
2,782,439

 
$

 
$
15,314



Interest income that would have been recognized if loans on non-accrual status had been current in accordance with their original terms for the year ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016 was $600,000, $843,000, and $888,000, respectively.

TDRs:

The Company takes a conservative approach with credit risk management and remains focused on community lending and reinvesting. The Company works closely with borrowers experiencing credit problems to assist in loan repayment or term modifications. TDR loans consist of loans where the Company, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower’s financial difficulties, granted a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. TDRs, typically, involve term modifications or a reduction of either interest or principal. Once such an obligation has been restructured, it will remain a TDR until paid in full, or until the loan is again restructured at current market rates and no concessions are granted.

The specific reserve allowance was determined by discounting the total expected future cash flows from the borrower at the original loan interest rate, or if the loan is currently collateral-dependent, using the net realizable value, which was obtained through independent appraisals and internal evaluations. The following is a summary of TDRs, by portfolio segment, and the associated specific reserve included within the ALL as of December 31:
 
 
Number of Contracts
 
Recorded Investment
 
Specific Reserve
 
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Residential real estate
 
25

 
24

 
$
3,614

 
$
3,604

 
$
443

 
$
452

Commercial real estate
 
2

 
3

 
347

 
976

 
23

 
16

Commercial
 
2

 
7

 
141

 
1,345

 

 

Consumer and home equity
 
2

 
2

 
304

 
307

 
162

 

Total
 
31

 
36

 
$
4,406

 
$
6,232

 
$
628

 
$
468



At December 31, 2018, the Company had performing and non-performing TDRs with a recorded investment balance of $3.9 million and $513,000, respectively. At December 31, 2017, the Company had performing and non-performing TDRs with a recorded investment balance of $5.0 million and $1.2 million, respectively.

The following represents loan modifications that occurred that qualify as TDRs and the type of loan modification made by portfolio segment for the year ended December 31:
 
 
Number of Contracts
 
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded Investment
 
Post-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded Investment
 
Specific Reserve
 
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Residential real estate:
 


 


 
 
 


 


 
 
 


 


 
 
 


 


 
 
Maturity concession
 

 
2

 

 
$

 
$
298

 
$

 
$

 
$
298

 
$

 
$

 
$
15

 
$

Interest rate concession
 

 
1

 

 

 
134

 

 

 
145

 

 

 

 

Interest rate and maturity concession
 
2

 
1

 

 
231

 
148

 

 
254

 
156

 

 
50

 
30

 

Payment deferral
 
1

 

 

 
166

 

 

 
166

 

 

 
45

 

 

Commercial:
 


 


 
 
 


 


 
 
 


 


 
 
 


 


 
 
Maturity concession
 

 

 
6

 

 

 
2,973

 

 

 
2,973

 

 

 
1,400

Home equity:
 


 


 
 
 


 


 
 
 


 


 
 
 


 


 
 
Interest rate and maturity concession
 

 
1

 

 

 
315

 

 

 
315

 

 

 

 

Total
 
3

 
5

 
6

 
$
397

 
$
895

 
$
2,973

 
$
420

 
$
914


$
2,973

 
$
95

 
$
45

 
$
1,400


In 2016, the Company restructured one commercial relationship, which included six individual commercial loans, and recorded a specific reserve of $1.4 million at the time of the restructure. In 2016, subsequent to the loan modification, the $1.4 million specific reserve established on the relationship was fully charged-off and, at December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company did not carry a specific reserve on this relationship. As part of the restructure, the Company committed to lend additional funds of up to $280,000. In 2018, the Company recovered the $1.4 million previously charged off and at December 31, 2018, the Company had no further commitments to lend to this commercial relationship. The Company did not have any other commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers with loans classified as TDRs as of December 31, 2018.

For the year ended December 31, 2018, one home equity loan with a recorded investment of $299,000 at December 31, 2018 was modified as a TDR within the previous 12 months for which the borrower subsequently defaulted. At December 31, 2018, the Company carried a specific reserve on this redefaulted TDR of $162,000. For the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company did not have any loans that had been modified as a TDR within the previous 12 months for which the borrower subsequently defaulted.

Impaired Loans:

Impaired loans consist of non-accrual and TDR loans that are individually evaluated for impairment in accordance with the Company's policy. The following is a summary of impaired loan balances and the associated allowance by portfolio segment as of and for the periods indicated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the Year Ended
 
 
Recorded Investment
 
Unpaid Principal Balance
 
Related Allowance
 
Average Recorded Investment
 
Interest Income Recognized
December 31, 2018:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With related allowance recorded:
 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

Residential real estate
 
$
3,471

 
$
3,471

 
$
586

 
$
3,591

 
$
127

Commercial real estate
 
131

 
131

 
23

 
1,969

 
11

Commercial
 
556

 
556

 
53

 
111

 

Home equity
 
318

 
318

 
162

 
250

 

Consumer
 

 

 

 

 

HPFC
 

 

 

 

 

Ending balance
 
4,476

 
4,476

 
824

 
5,921

 
138

Without related allowance recorded:
 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

Residential real estate
 
1,291

 
1,415

 

 
1,524

 
34

Commercial real estate
 
799

 
975

 

 
2,269

 
13

Commercial
 
230

 
293

 

 
1,379

 
8

Home equity
 
124

 
305

 

 
195

 

Consumer
 
6

 
13

 

 
1

 

HPFC
 

 

 

 

 

Ending balance
 
2,450

 
3,001

 

 
5,368

 
55

Total impaired loans
 
$
6,926

 
$
7,477

 
$
824

 
$
11,289

 
$
193

December 31, 2017:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With related allowance recorded:
 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

Residential real estate
 
$
3,858

 
$
3,858

 
$
568

 
$
3,177

 
$
131

Commercial real estate
 
5,422

 
5,422

 
1,441

 
8,900

 
22

Commercial
 

 

 

 
31

 

Home equity
 

 

 

 
125

 

Consumer
 

 

 

 

 

HPFC
 

 

 

 
24

 

Ending balance
 
9,280

 
9,280

 
2,009

 
12,257

 
153

Without related allowance recorded:
 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

Residential real estate
 
1,313

 
1,673

 

 
1,345

 
15

Commercial real estate
 
777

 
1,084

 

 
1,132

 
29

Commercial
 
1,791

 
2,964

 

 
1,920

 
10

Home equity
 
429

 
495

 

 
310

 
8

Consumer
 

 

 

 
2

 

HPFC
 

 

 

 

 

Ending balance
 
4,310

 
6,216

 

 
4,709

 
62

Total impaired loans
 
$
13,590

 
$
15,496

 
$
2,009

 
$
16,966

 
$
215

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the Year Ended
 
 
Recorded Investment
 
Unpaid Principal Balance
 
Related Allowance
 
Average Recorded Investment
 
Interest Income Recognized
December 31, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With related allowance recorded:
 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

Residential real estate
 
$
3,019

 
$
3,019

 
$
483

 
$
3,088

 
$
106

Commercial real estate
 
11,443

 
11,443

 
1,373

 
5,165

 

Commercial
 

 

 

 
762

 

Home equity
 
299

 
299

 
86

 
305

 

Consumer
 

 

 

 

 

HPFC
 
97

 
97

 
65

 
98

 

Ending balance
 
14,858

 
14,858

 
2,007

 
9,418

 
106

Without related allowance recorded:
 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

 
  

Residential real estate
 
1,329

 
1,800

 

 
2,057

 
9

Commercial real estate
 
1,874

 
2,369

 

 
2,214

 
51

Commercial
 
2,028

 
3,209

 

 
2,507

 
16

Home equity
 
158

 
368

 

 
180

 

Consumer
 
7

 
10

 

 
12

 

HPFC
 

 

 

 

 

Ending balance
 
5,396

 
7,756

 

 
6,970

 
76

Total impaired loans
 
$
20,254

 
$
22,614

 
$
2,007

 
$
16,388

 
$
182



In-Process Foreclosure Proceedings:

At December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company had $2.3 million and $1.9 million of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which foreclosure proceedings were in process. The Company continues to be focused on working these consumer mortgage loans through the foreclosure process to resolution; however, the foreclosure process, typically, will take 18 to 24 months due to the State of Maine foreclosure laws.